CN101141931B

CN101141931B - Healing cap for dental implants

Info

Publication number: CN101141931B
Application number: CN200680008648.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史蒂文·M·赫森
Original assignee: Nobel Biocare Services AG
Current assignee: Nobel Biocare Services AG
Priority date: 2005-03-17
Filing date: 2006-03-16
Publication date: 2010-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-16
Also published as: CN101141931A; ZA200707411B

Abstract

A dental implant component (76), (120), (500) includes a distal end (126) that includes a top surface (24), (48) and a proximal end (124) that defines an opening (82). An inner surface (77), (128), (506) of the component (76), (120), (500) defines an internal cavity (78), (130), (504). At least one resiliently deflectable prong (7), (150) is disposed in the internal cavity (78), (130), (504). Theprong is configured to releasingly engage a groove (53) formed in a bore (52) of a prosthetic abutment (38). The component further comprising elongated protrusions (180) positioned within the inner surface (77), (128), (506) configured to engage grooves (51) formed in an inner bore (52) of the abutment (38), (38').

Description

The transfer top cover that is used for tooth implant

The cross reference of related application

The application advocates the interests of No. the 60/662nd, 950, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of filing an application on March 17th, 2005, and it is for reference that the full content of this application is incorporated this paper at this.The application also advocates the interests of No. the 60/678th, 095, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of filing an application on May 5th, 2005, and it is for reference that the full content of this application is incorporated this paper at this.

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to a kind of tooth implant, more specifically, relate to the method and apparatus that is used to install tooth implant.

Background technology

The reparation in hypodontia zone has multiple function in the oral cavity, comprise improve attractive in appearance, improve mastication, safeguard the tooth top bone and be provided for the interlock retainer that repeats to chew.Can utilize the bridge work of standard, removable utensil (partly or entirely artificial tooth) or tooth implant to realize repairing.

The tooth plantation utilizes tooth implant to replace the process of the tooth of disappearance for being used to.The placement of implantation body realizes with four-stage usually.In the phase I, the dentist checks with x radiogram and Ya Mo, with the suitable placement of determining implantation body with axially align.In second stage, mucosal tissue passes near bone in odontologist.By adopting ready-formed gland, the surgeon is in upper jaw bone or mandibular bone boring or punching.Then, implantation body is pressed into or is screwed in the bone.Typically then cover screw fixture cover (healing cap) is placed in the implantation body, and mucosal tissue on every side is sewn on the cover screw fixture cover.Can provide biological closed system like this, so that bone and implantation body's synostosis.Finish synostosis anywhere and all need four to ten months usually.

Phase III comprises operation process for the second time, during described second time operation process, odontologist in mucosal tissue otch to expose synosteotic implantation body.Take out cover screw fixture cover and interim base station (abutment) is connected to implantation body, interim base station has the height that equals gingival tissues at least or finally repair the thickness of base station.In case being fixed, base station just can take model or die immediately away.In improved process, can take die away in one to fortnight after the phase III.Die is used to write down the axial location and the orientation of implantation body, then, is replicated in the building stones or Gypsum Fibrosum analogue body of patient's mouth.The main purpose of die is the size and dimension that makes Dental Technician's adjacent teeth that suitably transfer printing is relevant with the orientation with the precision architecture of permanent implantation body of placing and base station.The Gypsum Fibrosum analogue body offers laboratory technicians patient's mouth precise analytic model, comprises with respect to the orientation of the fixture of the implantation body of tooth on every side.According to this model, the technical staff constructs final dummy.In repair process, the quadravalence section relates to final dummy changes interim gingival former.

As mentioned above, during the phase III, the oral cavity that model or die are taken from patient to be accurately writing down the position and the orientation of implantation body's plantation, and provides and need to make the information of repairing succedaneum and/or middle remanufactured component.Produce this die several traditional methods are arranged.

A kind of method relates to traditional transfer top cover (transfer coping).Shifting top cover has and is suitable for forming the die part of uniqueness or index die and having the base part that is suitable for implantation body or repairs the cooperation indexing unit that indexing unit (indexing means) that base station exposes matches with impression material.In use, temporarily anchor to the near-end that implantation body's fixture is exposed, make the cooperation indexing unit cooperation interlocked with one another of die top cover and implantation body shifting top cover.Typically, screwed screw or bolt are used for shifting top cover temporarily and are fixed to implantation body's fixture.

In case the die top cover is fixed to implantation body's fixture, will obtain the die of the transfer top cover relevant with tooth on every side.Typically, this relates to " U " shape carriage that is filled with impression material, and this carriage is placed on the planting location in the patient's mouth.Patient bites carriage downwards, impression material extruding is entered planting location and around shifting top cover.In a few minutes, impression material solidifies or hardens into softness, elastic combination.Then, the die carriage is taken out from patient's mouth, to expose the die of implantation body position and transfer top cover.Then, the dentist who repairs takes out from patient's mouth and shifts top cover, and will shift top cover and shift back in the impression material, and preserves the proper orientation of indexing unit carefully.

Another kind method typically relates to traditional top cover that picks up.Comprise typically that except picking up top cover it is similar to above-mentioned transfer top cover to pick up top cover the embedded part that is suitable for being embedded in the impression material with taking out.Typically, embedded part is included in the coronal office of top cover outstanding " lip shape portion " or similarly embeds protuberance.Like this, when carriage takes out from patient's mouth, just can be used for " extracting " of impression material or dilatory.When carriage took out from patient's oral cavity, " picking up " picked up top cover and is retained in the impression material.

The another kind of method that is used to produce die relates to die or shifts medicated cap.Die or transfer medicated cap are placed on the built-up section of base station or implantation body, and when taking out carriage, are retained in the impression material.Several dissimilar transfer medicated caps are arranged.One type transfer medicated cap has the inner surface of taper, and the form of this inner surface and size are suitable for the built-up section or the base station of implantation body.This medicated cap has inner surface, and this inner surface has and the indenture or corresponding indenture of slit or the slit that are present on the base station.Medicated cap is connected to base station with elastic thin slice or tongue.An example of this medicated cap has been described in No. the 5th, 688,123, people's such as Meiers United States Patent (USP).

Summary of the invention

The shortcoming of the type of the medicated cap that illustrates in people such as Meriers is that medicated cap is connected to the base station of implantation body by thin slice, and thin slice extends on the shoulder of the conical area of base station.Because the shoulder of base station is adjacent with the gums line, so, be difficult to thin slice is positioned on the shoulder.In addition, the position of the shoulder adjacent with the gums line may cause shifting medicated cap and not be placed in fully on the shoulder, causes the transfer medicated cap to break away from base station before producing die.In addition, because patient's gums line may become responsive owing to insert implantation body, so the contact of shifting between medicated cap and the gums line may cause uncomfortable or pain to patient.Therefore, need to improve the transfer medicated cap.

According to one embodiment of present invention, impression coping comprises far-end and near-end, and described far-end comprises top surface, and near-end limits opening.The inner surface of impression coping limits inner chamber, and described inner surface comprises sidewall and top.The deflective protrusion of at least one elasticity most advanced and sophisticated (prong) is arranged in the inner chamber.Protrude most advanced and sophisticated being constituted as and engage the groove that is formed in the hole of repairing base station releasedly.Impression coping also comprises and is used to help the clamping of described impression coping in impression material and one or more embedding features of maintenance, wherein said one or more embedding feature comprises flange, described flange limit roughly is transverse to the interference surface of the longitudinal axis of described impression coping, and described flange is located in the far-end of described impression coping.Impression coping also comprises the projection of the elongation in the inner surface that is positioned at the groove engagement on the outer surface that constitutes and be formed at base station.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, tooth implantation system comprises tooth implant, base station and impression coping.Base station comprises upper area and endoporus, and described endoporus has location engagement features within it.Impression coping, described impression coping has near-end, inner surface, complimentary engagement feature and one or more embedding feature, described near-end limits opening, described inner surface comprises sidewall and top, described inner surface is defined for the inner chamber of the described upper area that holds described base station, described complimentary engagement feature is arranged in the described inner chamber and is constituted as the described engagement features that engages releasedly in the described endoporus, described one or more embedding feature is used to help clamping and the maintenance of described impression coping in impression material, wherein said one or more embedding feature comprises flange, described flange limit roughly is transverse to the interference surface of the longitudinal axis of described impression coping, and described flange is located in the far-end of described impression coping.

Another embodiment of the present invention comprises the method that the tooth parts is connected to the base station of tooth implantation system.Tooth parts with inner chamber are positioned on the top of base station.And till the tooth parts are pressed on the base station complimentary engagement feature in the hole that engagement features up to the interior intracavity of base station engages base station.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing now with reference to preferred embodiment describes these and other feature of the present invention, and the purpose of preferred embodiment is explanation rather than limitation the present invention, wherein:

Figure 1A is the side view of an embodiment of tooth implant;

Figure 1B is the upper viewing view of a part of the tooth implant of Figure 1A;

Fig. 1 C is the viewgraph of cross-section of the tooth implant of Figure 1A;

Fig. 1 D is a side view that improves embodiment of tooth implant;

Fig. 2 A is the side view that constitutes an embodiment of the base station that matches with the embodiment of the tooth implant of Figure 1A or Fig. 1 D;

Fig. 2 B is the opposite side view of the base station of Fig. 2 A;

Fig. 2 C is the upper viewing view of the base station of Fig. 2 A;

Fig. 2 D is the flat sheet of the bottom view of the base station of Fig. 2 A;

Fig. 2 E is the cross-sectional side view of the base station of Fig. 2 A;

Fig. 2 F is the zoomed-in view of the part of labelling 2F in Fig. 2 E;

Fig. 3 A is the part cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of attachment screw;

Fig. 3 B is the upper viewing view of the attachment screw of Fig. 3 A;

Fig. 4 A is the viewgraph of cross-section of an embodiment of cover screw fixture cover;

Fig. 4 B is the side plan view of the cover screw fixture cover of Fig. 4 A;

Fig. 4 C is the close-up view of a part of Fig. 4 A of labelling 4C;

Fig. 4 D is the close-up view of a part of Fig. 4 A of labelling 4D;

Fig. 4 E is the rear view of the cover screw fixture cover of Fig. 4 A;

Fig. 4 F is the upper viewing view of the cover screw fixture cover of Fig. 4 A;

Fig. 5 A is the side view of an embodiment of tooth implant;

Fig. 5 B is the side view of tooth implant with Fig. 5 A at the top that shows with cross section;

Fig. 5 C is the zoomed-in view at the top of Fig. 5 B;

Fig. 5 D is the top view of Fig. 5 A tooth implant;

Fig. 5 E is the guide wire of alternative shape that is labeled as Fig. 5 C of 5E;

Fig. 6 A is the side view of impression coping;

Fig. 6 B is the upper viewing view of the impression coping of Fig. 6 A;

Fig. 6 C is the cross-sectional side view of the impression coping of Fig. 6 A;

Fig. 6 D is the flat sheet of the bottom view of the impression coping of Fig. 6 A;

Fig. 6 E is the close-up view of a part that is labeled as Fig. 6 C of 6E;

Fig. 6 F is the rear view of the impression coping of Fig. 6 A;

Fig. 7 A is the side perspective view of the analogue body of base station;

Fig. 7 B is the side view of the analogue body of Fig. 7 A;

Fig. 7 C is the cross-sectional side view that the line 7C-7C along Fig. 7 B cuts open;

Fig. 7 D is the upper viewing view of the analogue body of Fig. 7 A;

Fig. 8 A is the side perspective view of top cover;

Fig. 8 B is the side view of the top cover of Fig. 8 A;

Fig. 8 C is the cross-sectional side view that the line 8C-8C along Fig. 8 B cuts open; And

Fig. 8 D is the upper viewing view of the analogue body of Fig. 8 A.

The specific embodiment

Relate to about protection and/or produce the method and apparatus of the die of base station at the embodiment of this explanation, this base station connects or is formed with tooth implant.Figure 1A-1C has illustrated an exemplary embodiments of tooth implant 10, and this embodiment will be used to illustrate special characteristic of the present invention and aspect.Tooth implant 10 has been made detailed explanation in No. the 09/670th, 708, the U. S. application co-pending when JIUYUE in 2000 was filed an application on the 27th, it is for reference that the disclosed content of this application is incorporated this paper at this.

Find out best that from Figure 1A implantation body 10 comprises the body part 12 and the collar (collar) 16.Body part 12 is preferably taper, and comprises the screw thread 18 of the incision bone (osteotomy) in the mandible (not shown) that is coupled to preformed screwed hole or is formed at patient.Yet, should be appreciated that body part 12 can also be constituted as self-tapping.Be taper or taper shape though be also to be understood that the body part 12 of explanation, body part 12 also can be roughly cylindrical.In addition, in improved embodiment, if the surgeon more likes using the implantation body 10 that does not have screw thread, then body part 12 can be for not having screw thread shown in Fig. 1 D.Though also can use other material that is fit to, implantation body 10 is preferably made by the titanium alloy of dentistry level.

The collar 16 of illustrated implantation body 10 is roughly cylindrical, and has smooth substantially top surface 24.The collar 16 partly by axial length in one embodiment for to limit near 2 millimeters of vertical sidewalls 26.In improved embodiment, the collar 16 can have taper shape or tapered sidewalls and/or be the top surface 24 of saddle or inclination.

Find out best that from Fig. 1 C implantation body 10 also comprises inside groove seat 28.Inside groove seat 28 preferably includes screw thread chamber 30, pillar accommodating chamber 32 and anti-rotating room 34.

With reference to Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C, anti-rotating room 34 has the core that is roughly cylindrical shape.Anti-rotating room 34 also comprises one or more rotatable bonding parts of radially extending, and each described rotatable bonding part all comprises passage or the tooth leaf (lobe) 36 that extends to the bottom of index chamber 34 from top surface 24.In illustrated implantation body, be provided with three bonding parts 36, each bonding part 36 all has and is roughly semicircular shape.Find out best that from Figure 1B bonding part 36 is also separated equably around the periphery location of anti-rotating room 34.Each bonding part 36 can each interval 120 degree.The anti-rotary area that anti-rotating room 34 was designed to and was formed at the correspondence on the various components (for example, final base station) matches.Anti-rotating room 34 is mainly used in the relative rotation that prevents between component and the implantation body 10.

Should be appreciated that in certain embodiments, implantation body 10 does not comprise anti-rotating room 34.Yet implantation body 10 preferably includes anti-rotating room 34, and this is because described anti-rotating room helps to prevent the relative rotation between component (for example, final base station) and the implantation body 10.Be also to be understood that and consider that the anti-rotational purpose that component is provided, anti-rotating room 36 can form other many different shape that is fit to of effective use.For example, anti-rotating room 36 can comprise hex-shaped recess or the projection on the top surface 24 that is positioned at implantation body 10.Yet, because illustrated embodiment provides optimal clinical effect, easy to use and also make stress concentration minimum in the anti-rotating room 34, so preferred this embodiment.

Pillar accommodating chamber 32 is between anti-rotating room 34 and screw thread chamber 30.Pillar accommodating chamber 32 can have the diameter less than the diameter of anti-rotating room 36.Pillar accommodating chamber 32 can comprise the chamfered edge district (chamfered region) 37 adjacent with threaded portion 30.As following illustrated, the size of pillar accommodating chamber 32 and yardstick are decided to be the pillar that holds the dental component that is connected to cooperation.Pillar and pillar accommodating chamber 32 provide lateral support, and this support prevents that component from knocking over implantation body.Yet, should be appreciated that, in certain embodiments, can form the implantation body 10 that does not have pillar accommodating chamber 32.

Screw thread chamber 30 is positioned at the below of pillar accommodating chamber 32.There is screw thread screw thread chamber 30 and has can be less than the diameter of pillar accommodating chamber 32.

Fig. 2 A-2F has illustrated the embodiment with base station 38 of special characteristic and advantage according to an embodiment of the invention.The size of illustrated base station 38 and yardstick are decided to be with above-mentioned implantation body 10 and match.As tooth implant 10, though can use other material that is fit to, preferred base station 38 is made by dentistry level titanium alloy.In another preferred embodiment, implantation body 10 and base station 38 form overall structure, and this will further specify below.

Find out best that from Fig. 2 A the outer surface of final base station 38 preferably includes upper area 40, flared region (flared region) 42, anti-rotary area 44 and pillar 46.In a preferred embodiment, upper area 40 is level and smooth substantially and be taper.Upper area 40 also has smooth substantially top surface 48.Towards shoulder or one ridge 47 outside open flared parts 45 towards the bottom of upper area (that is the part of the most close flared region 42).Flared region 42 is extended from shoulder 47, and upper area 40 is connected to the smooth lower surface of preferred general 50.Edge 49 (referring to Fig. 2 B) limits the interface between shoulder 47 and the flared part 45.

Upper area 40 also preferably includes a plurality of grooves 51.These grooves 51 help orientation and prevent rotation such as the component (not shown) of final restoration, and described component typical case has the inner surface of the shape of the upper area 40 that cooperates or engage base station 38.Certainly, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that upper area 40 and groove 51 can form various other shapes that anti-rotation interface also can be provided between component and base station 38.

Should be appreciated that though the cross section of illustrated upper area 40 and flared region 42 is circular, cross section also can be for non-circular in improving structure.For example, the cross section of upper area and flared region can have the non-circular cross section of the cross section that is similar to the nature tooth.In addition, shoulder 47 does not need as described shown in the embodiment for level.For example, in improved embodiment, shoulder can for tilt, saddle type etc.

In order for good and all to fix final dummy, cement can be applied to the upper area 40 of base station 38.Alternatively, final dummy can be connected to base station 38 by the screw (not shown).In this structure, the screwed hole (not shown) can be arranged on the side of base station 38.

Shown in Fig. 2 E, base station 38 advantageously comprises the endoporus 52 at the center that extends through base station 38.Endoporus 52 is preferably limited by first and second zones 54,56.The diameter of first area 54 is preferably less times greater than the diameter of second area 56.Therefore, base 58 is formed between first and second zones 54,56.Base 58 support and connection screws 62 (referring to Fig. 3 A), it will describe in detail in the back.Selectively, second area 56 can comprise trapped inside screw thread (not shown).

Continuation is with reference to Fig. 2 E, and base station 38 comprises engagement features 3, and described engagement features is constituted as the complimentary engagement profile that engages another parts.Make more detailed description below, engagement features 3 and complimentary engagement feature can be constituted as provides two interference engagement, frictional fit or snap fit between the parts.In a preferred embodiment, snap fit is formed between two parts.Shown in Fig. 2 F, engagement features comprises the lip-deep groove that circumferentially extends 53 of the first area 54 that is formed at endoporus 52.Preferably, groove 53 has trapezoid cross section, and 53c compares with second surface, and a surperficial 53a of groove 53 extends with the different angles with respect to the pedestal 53b of groove 53.In improved embodiment, groove 54 can be for circular, level and smooth, rectangle etc.In other embodiments, engagement features 3 can constitute in a different manner with the engagement features of another parts and cooperate.For example, engagement features can comprise with corresponding another parts on groove and/or protrude the most advanced and sophisticated annular projection that engages or a series of projection, protrusion tip etc.

Return the A with reference to Fig. 2 again, the diameter of lower surface 50 is preferably near the diameter that equals the top surface 24 of implantation body 10.Anti-rotary area 44 extends from lower surface 50, and the size in this zone 44 and yardstick are decided to be in the anti-rotating room 36 that is engaged in implantation body.Therefore, find out best that anti-rotary area 44 is roughly cylindrical, and comprise three projections 60 from Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 D.Projection 60 is preferably extended and is had a semi-circular shape along the whole length of anti-rotary area 44.Projection 60 is arranged near 120 degree with the central shaft of final relatively base station 38 at interval around the periphery in index zone 44.

When having the anti-rotating room 36 of implantation body 10, should be appreciated that base station 38 can be constituted as not anti-rotary area 44.Yet because anti-rotary area 44 helps to prevent implantation body 10 and the finally relative rotation between the base station 38, preferred base station 38 comprises anti-rotary area 44.Be also to be understood that anti-rotary area 44 can form other the many different shape that is fit to that can effectively use to prevent that implantation body 10 and final base station 38 from rotating.

Pillar 46 is below index zone 44.Pillar 46 is cylindrical substantially, and size and yardstick are decided to be in the pillar accommodating chamber 32 that is engaged in implantation body 10.As mentioned above, when being placed on pillar 36 in the

implantation body

10,36 pairs of base stations 38 of pillar provide lateral support.Yet, should be appreciated that in improved embodiment, base station 38 can constitute does not have pillar 46.

Turn to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B now, the size of attachment screw 62 and yardstick are decided to be the endoporus 52 that extends through final base station 38, and final base station 38 is connected to implantation body 10.As final base station 38, attachment screw 62 is preferably made by dentistry level titanium alloy.Yet, the material that also can use other to be fit to.

Attachment screw 62 has outside threaded lower area 64.Have the size of lower area 64 of screw thread and the screw thread (referring to Fig. 1 C) that yardstick is decided to be the screw thread chamber 30 that engages implantation body 10.Lower area 64 with screw thread also can engage the screw thread of catching on the second area 56 that can be formed at final base station 38.In this structure, attachment screw 62 engages catches screw thread, makes when final base station 38 is transferred and is coupled in patient's the oral cavity attachment screw 62 separation that can not become.

Illustrated attachment screw 62 also advantageously comprises the hex-shaped recess 70 of the head 72 that is positioned at screw 62.Hex-shaped recess 70 can be inserted the hexagon instrument, and is for example, traditional

Spanner, described hexagon instrument can be used for revolving force is applied to attachment screw 62.Head 72 also advantageously comprises external screw thread 74, and external screw thread 74 is formed on the outer surface 75 of head 72.The purpose of external screw thread 74 and function will illustrate below.Alternatively, screw thread 74 can be formed in the inside of groove 70.

In improved embodiment, final base station can otherwise be connected to tooth implant.What for example, final base station can comprise formation is suitable for being contained in thread pillar in the screw thread chamber 30 of implantation body 10.An advantage of this structure is that final base station can be connected to implantation body without attachment screw.

Fig. 4 A-4F has illustrated an embodiment of cover screw fixture cover 76, and for example, described cover screw fixture cover can be used for covering base station 38 in second stage operation back.Cover screw fixture cover 76 can be made by synthetic polymer (for example, polyester or nylon).Yet, should be appreciated that the material that also can use other to be fit to.Cover screw fixture cover 76 is preferably white or near the color of natural teeth, makes to have the outward appearance of nature when cover screw fixture cover 76 is placed in patient's the oral cavity.

Cover screw fixture cover 76 comprises the inner surface 77 that limits inner chamber 78.Inner surface 77 limits bottom opening 82.The size of inner surface 77 and yardstick are decided to be on the upper area 40 that makes cover screw fixture cover be coupled to base station 38.Specifically with reference to Fig. 4 A, inner surface 77 preferably includes and is used to limit the retainer that cover screw fixture cover 76 advances to base station 38, referring to Fig. 4 C, is decided to be basal plane 84 on the flange portion 45 that leans against final base station 38 as size and yardstick.

Though do not show that cover screw fixture cover 76 can comprise the tissue contracts flange, the size of tissue contracts flange and yardstick are decided to be makes that described cover screw fixture cover extends beyond the upper limit of the shoulder 47 of final base station 38 at least when being placed on cover screw fixture cover 76 on the base station 38.

Find out best that from Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 D and 4F cover screw fixture cover 76 preferably has complimentary engagement feature 5, complimentary engagement feature 5 is formed in the inner surface 77, and is constituted as the engagement features 3 that is bonded on the base station 38 that shows among Fig. 2 E.In the illustrated embodiment, complimentary engagement feature 5 comprises that a plurality of protrusions are most advanced and sophisticated 7, protrudes most advanced and sophisticated 7 and comprises the projection 9 that constitutes preferably with snap fit engagement groove 53.In a preferred embodiment, when the protrusion tip advances in the endoporus 52 and then expands, protrude most advanced and sophisticated 7 toe-ins, and projection 9 enters groove 53.Certainly, will be understood by those skilled in the art that other structure is used for providing snap fit between two parts.For example, medicated cap 76 can comprise the groove on the pillar that is positioned to constitute and be formed at the protrusion engagement on the hole 52.In addition, as mentioned above, feature 3,5 can be configured for friction and/or interference engagement.Preferably, feature 3,5 is located on base station 37 and the medicated cap 76, makes that feature 3,5 is roughly protected can not touch intraoral material.In this mode, when being inserted in the patient's mouth, feature 3,5 can not be damaged.In the illustrated embodiment, by providing in the hole 52 and/or usually away from the splice protection feature 3,5 in the top of the medicated cap 76 of shoulder 47 and base station 38.

As final base station 38, should be appreciated that though the cross section of illustrated cover screw fixture cover 76 is circular, in improved structure, cross section can be for non-circular.For example, cross section can have the non-circular cross sections of the cross section that is similar to the nature tooth.

In use, at the intra-operative of second stage, the surgeon typically at first places implantation body 10 advance in patient's the mandible.Cover screw fixture cover is placed in the implantation body.Patient returns first healing cycle that to home typically is four to ten months.In the phase III, the surgeon makes otch to expose implantation body 10 and to take out cover screw fixture cover.Then, the surgeon is connected to implantation body 10 with final base station 38 usefulness attachment screws 62.The surgeon then is placed on cover screw fixture cover 76 on the final base station 38, and engages the feature 3,5 that base station and cover screw fixture cover are gone up separately, so that cover screw fixture cover 76 is connected to base station 38.In the illustrated embodiment, the surgeon is pressed into cover screw fixture cover 76 on the base station 38 till feature 3,5 engages in the snap fit mode.Therefore, cover screw fixture cover 76 keeps securely against final base station 38.Cover screw fixture cover 76 helps to be controlled at the healing and the growth of the gingival tissues around patient's the implantation body position.Cover screw fixture cover 76 has also improved the outward appearance of patient's mouth, and provides interim chewing surfaces for patient.If desired, cover screw fixture cover 76 can also be used to support interim dummy and/or itself can be shaped as interim reparation form.

Then, patient returns and carries out second healing cycle in to the home.Then, patient turns back to the surgeon place.The surgeon can seek and visit cover screw fixture cover 76 from base station 38.In this, surgeon's die of producing patient's mouth position, orientation and shape of coming the base station in the recording mouth.In improved structure, can during the second traditional operation stage, connect base station 38.In this structure, the die of final base station 38 can also be made before the cover screw fixture cover during the second stage 76 is connected to base station 38.Still in improved structure, during first and/or second healing cycle, can use the interim base station that preferably has the height that equals gingival tissues thickness at least.

In improved embodiment, tooth implant can be combined into single integration that is presented among Fig. 5 A-5E or the parts 200 that forever are connected with base station.In this embodiment, base station 38 ' and implantation body 10 ' can constitute as mentioned above substantially.Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, implantation body 10 ' have comprises upper area 54 and is preferably the endoporus 52 of threadless lower area 56.Upper area 54 preferably includes the engagement features 3 for the aforesaid groove that circumferentially extends 53.In addition, upper area 54 ' have one or more anti-rotation features (for example, longitudinal extension groove 55), described anti-rotation feature can be passed through instrument (for example, spanner) and engage, and enters in the patient body in order to implantation body 200 is driven.Slit 55 extends between groove 53 and threaded lower area 56.

Cover screw fixture cover 76 can be connected to implantation body 200 as mentioned above.

Fig. 6 A-F has illustrated an embodiment who has in accordance with a specific feature of the present invention, with the impression coping 120 of advantage.As described below, impression coping 120 can be used to produce the die of base station, for example as mentioned above.In this mode, can write down the shape in the position and/or the orientation of base station and implantation body.Then, this information can be used to construct last dummy well known in the art.

Illustrated impression coping 120 comprises the body 122 with near-end 124 and far-end 126.Body 122 is preferably made by mouldable plastics of elasticity and/or polymer (for example, Merlon).Body 122 limits the inner surface 128 that forms inner chamber 130.Inner chamber 130 is constituted as and makes impression coping 120 may be fitted on the upper area 40 of base station 38.Find out best that from Fig. 6 C inner surface 128 comprises sidewall 134 and top 136.

Impression coping 120 preferably is constituted as and engages base station 38.Particularly, impression coping comprises the complimentary engagement feature 132 of the engagement features 3 that can be configured for engaging implantation body 10,200 as mentioned above.In the illustrated embodiment, impression coping 120 engages implantation body 10,200 in the snap fit mode, but snap fit realizes by the medicated cap 120 that the protrusion tip 150 with a plurality of elastic biasings is provided, wherein said protrusion is most advanced and sophisticated to have and constitutes the projection 152 that engages the groove 53 of base station in the snap fit mode, shown in Fig. 2 E-F.Certainly, as mentioned above, those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that other structure also can be used to provide two snap fit between the parts.For example, medicated cap 120 can comprise and is positioned to constitute the groove that engages on the pillar that is formed at the projection on the hole 52.In addition, as mentioned above, feature 3,132 can be constructed for friction and/or interference engagement.Preferably, feature 3,132 is positioned on base station 37 and the medicated cap 120, makes described feature be protected usually and can not touch intraoral material, the particularly protected impression material of placing equably around medicated cap 120 that can not touch.In this mode, feature 3,150 can not be damaged or be suppressed.

With reference to Fig. 6 A-C and Fig. 6 F, impression coping 120 preferably includes one or more embedding features 160.As illustrating in greater detail below, embed feature 160 and help clamping and the maintenance of impression coping 120 in the die carriage.One or more embedding features preferably limit at least one interference surface 162, and this surface alignment is for roughly being transverse to the longitudinal axis 164 of impression coping.In the illustrated embodiment, embed one or more flanges 166 that feature 160 comprises the far-end 126 that is positioned main body 122.In a particular embodiment, (a plurality of) flange 166 can comprise a plurality of through holes 168 (with reference to Fig. 6 B) at four turnings that extend through flange 166.

Base station 38 ' when going up, the projection 180 of a plurality of elongations is formed on the sidewall when impression coping 120 is located in, and size be decided to be engage base station 38 ' groove 51.Therefore, projection 180 cooperates with groove 51 and prevents that substantially impression coping 120 relative base stations 38 from rotating.

Impression coping 120 has angled surperficial 182 at near-end 124, near-end 124 is constituted as when impression coping 120 is located in the implantation body 10 flared part 45 near implantation body 10.

Should be appreciated that though the embodiment of illustrated implantation body, base station, cover screw fixture cover and impression coping has circular cross section, in improved structure, the one or more cross section in these parts also can be for non-circular.

In use, impression coping 120 can be used to produce the die of final base station 38 and/or the orientation of record implantation body 10.Effective second stage or produce this die during the phase III can thought by the dentist.The surgeon is engaged in impression coping 120 on the base station 38.Then, preferably produce the whole arcs of patient's mouth or the die of quadrant.This typically relates to the U type die carriage (not shown) that use is filled with impression material.Carriage is inserted in the oral cavity on impression coping 120.Similarly, impression coping 120 becomes and is embedded in the impression material.The interference surface 162 of medicated cap 120 helps mechanical interlocked between impression material and the impression coping 120.This interlocking also is further strengthened by hole 168.

When laying impression material, will from the oral cavity, take out carriage 190.Impression coping 120 keeps being embedded in the impression material 192, and therefore separates with base station 38 when taking out carriage 190.Then, carriage is delivered to dental laboratory, and be used to make final dummy (that is artificial tooth) by the Dental Technician.The analogue body of base station (in following explanation) can be placed in the impression coping, has the axial orientation identical with base station 38 and implantation body 10 in patient's oral cavity.Then with artificial stone (dental stone) or any molding material fills or covering die carriage.After laying moulding material, model separates with die.Model has accurately duplicated the position of implantation body, and the appropriate position that makes the Dental Technician be produced on axial and rotary alignment is used for patient's final dummy.

In one embodiment, base station, cover screw fixture cover and/or transfer medicated cap are sold together and are packed as complete articles for use.

Fig. 7 A-7D has illustrated with reference to the base station 38 of explanation as mentioned above of Fig. 2 A-2F and Fig. 5 A-5E or the exemplary analogue body 400 of tooth implant 200.Analogue body 400 comprises the upper area 402 that has substantially the shape and size identical with the upper area 40 of base station 38.Therefore, the upper area 402 of illustrated analogue body 400 also comprises groove or groove 51.Analogue body 400 also comprises lower area 404, and for example, lower area 404 is constituted as in the plaster model that remains on patient's mouth as known in the art.

Analogue body 400 also comprises the endoporus 406 with engagement features 3, and engagement features 3 can constitute the complimentary engagement feature that engages another parts as mentioned above.Particularly, as mentioned above, analogue body can insert impression coping 120, so as to obtain with patient's mouth in base station 38 axial orientation identical with implantation body 10.Then, with artificial stone or any molding material fills or covering die carriage.The lower area 404 of analogue body 400 is embedded in the moulding material.After putting into moulding material, model separates with die.Model has accurately duplicated the position of implantation body, and the appropriate position that makes the Dental Technician be produced on axial and rotary alignment is used for patient's final dummy.

Fig. 8 A-D has illustrated the top cover 500 that can be used to make final dummy.Illustrated top cover 500 is constituted as with above-mentioned exemplary base station 38 (or implantation body 300) and analogue body 400 and matches.Certainly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that described top cover can be improved to the base station and the analogue body of difformity and size and cooperate.

Top cover 500 comprises main body 502.Main body 502 comprises the inner surface 506 that limits inner chamber 504.Inner surface 506 is constituted as and makes top cover 500 may be fitted on the upper area 402 of above-mentioned analogue body 400 and final base station 38.Therefore, top cover 500 comprises at least one anti-revolving part 510, and anti-revolving part 510 is constituted as and the groove 51 of analogue body and the groove fit of base station, so that prevent that top cover 500 is with respect to analogue body 400 and/or base station 38 rotations.

Inner surface can comprise one or more foots or support (not shown).For example, referring to United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 672, No. 871, it is for reference that the full content of this patent is incorporated this paper at this.

Inner surface 506 also preferably includes flange portion 512.Flange portion 512 is constituted as on the bottom or shoulder that is positioned at analogue body 400 and base station 38.Preferably, the size of flange portion is decided to be and is constructed such that the center of top cover at analogue body.

In one embodiment, top cover 500 is used to produce the casting coping that has with the inner surface of inner surface 506 broadly similars of top cover 500 by the model casting technology.In the method, top cover 500 is preferably by plastics or be suitable for the other material of model casting.For example, the technical staff is applied to wax the outer surface 514 of top cover 500 to form the model of casting coping.The technical staff takes out wax and top cover 500 from analogue body 400, and this combination is packed in the expendable pattern material.Then, the heating expendable pattern material is to remove wax and top cover 500.The technical staff fills expendable pattern material with metal (for example, gold or other material that is fit to).In case metal freezing, then expendable pattern material will break to discharge casting coping.In order to form final dummy, porcelain system lid or other dentation material use technique known that is fit to are connected on the casting coping.Casting coping provides structural strength and rigidity to final dummy.Final dummy can utilize cement, bolt or other technique known to be connected to base station 38 or implantation body 300.

In improved embodiment, top cover 500 is made by the material (for example, gold or ceramic material) that is suitable for forming the final dummy of part.Preferably, material is the metal material of fusion pottery, and for example, porcelain can directly be fused to described material.Top cover 500 has the shape and size identical substantially with above-mentioned plastic roof.Because top cover 500 is by quite coarse material, so top cover can form the final dummy of part.That is to say that the cover cap of the material that is fit to by porcelain or other can be directly connected on the top cover 500, thereby forms final dummy.

In one embodiment, base station, cover screw fixture cover, top cover, analogue body and/or transfer medicated cap are sold together and are packed as complete articles for use.

Though the present invention is open in the context of certain preferred embodiment and example, but should be appreciated that, those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that the present invention extends beyond the use of concrete disclosed embodiment to combination, sub-portfolio, other alternative embodiment and/or the present invention and tangible improved procedure and equivalents thereof.Therefore, scope of the present invention disclosed herein is not limited to above-mentioned concrete disclosed embodiment, and should only determine by the clear interpretation of following claim.

Claims

1. impression coping comprises:

Far-end, described far-end comprises top surface;

Near-end, described near-end limits opening;

Inner surface, described inner surface comprises sidewall and top, described inner surface limits inner chamber;

The deflective protrusion of at least one elasticity that is arranged in the described inner chamber is most advanced and sophisticated, and the described tip of protruding is constituted as the groove that engages releasedly in the hole that is formed at the reparation base station; With

Be used to help the clamping of described impression coping in impression material and one or more embedding features of maintenance, wherein said one or more embedding feature comprises flange, described flange limit roughly is transverse to the interference surface of the longitudinal axis of described impression coping, and described flange is located in the far-end of described impression coping.

2. impression coping according to claim 1, the most advanced and sophisticated described groove that engages described base station in the snap fit mode that is constituted as of wherein said at least one protrusion.

3. impression coping according to claim 1, wherein said at least one protrusion is formed at the described projection of protruding on the most advanced and sophisticated outer surface most advanced and sophisticated comprising, the size of described projection and yardstick are decided to be the described groove that engages corresponding described reparation base station in the snap fit mode.

4. impression coping according to claim 1, wherein said flange comprises one or more through holes.

5. impression coping according to claim 1, wherein said inner surface comprise the top surface of roughly facing the near-end of described impression coping, and the deflective protrusion of wherein said at least one elasticity is most advanced and sophisticated near extending from described top surface.

6. tooth implantation system, described system comprises:

Tooth implant;

Base station, described base station comprises upper area and endoporus, described endoporus has the engagement features that is positioned in it;

Impression coping, described impression coping has near-end, inner surface, complimentary engagement feature and one or more embedding feature, described near-end limits opening, described inner surface comprises sidewall and top, described inner surface is defined for the inner chamber of the described upper area that holds described base station, described complimentary engagement feature is arranged in the described inner chamber and is constituted as the described engagement features that engages releasedly in the described endoporus, described one or more embedding feature is used to help clamping and the maintenance of described impression coping in impression material, wherein said one or more embedding feature comprises flange, described flange limit roughly is transverse to the interference surface of the longitudinal axis of described impression coping, and described flange is located in the far-end of described impression coping.

7. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said engagement features and described complimentary engagement feature are constituted as snap fit are provided.

8. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said engagement features and described complimentary engagement feature are constituted as interference engagement are provided.

9. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said base station is connected to described implantation body by screw.

10. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said base station and described tooth implant form one.

11. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said engagement features comprises that the deflective protrusion of at least one elasticity that is arranged in the described inner chamber is most advanced and sophisticated, the described tip of protruding is constituted as the groove that engages releasedly in the hole that is formed at the reparation base station, described at least one protrusion is formed at the described projection of protruding on the most advanced and sophisticated outer surface most advanced and sophisticated comprising, the size of described projection and yardstick are decided to be the described groove that engages corresponding described reparation base station in the snap fit mode.

12. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said flange comprises one or more through holes.

13. tooth implantation system according to claim 6, wherein said inner surface comprise the top surface of roughly facing the near-end of described impression coping, and the deflective protrusion of wherein said at least one elasticity is most advanced and sophisticated near extending from described top surface.