CN101139236A - Modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method - Google Patents
Modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101139236A CN101139236A CNA2007100355403A CN200710035540A CN101139236A CN 101139236 A CN101139236 A CN 101139236A CN A2007100355403 A CNA2007100355403 A CN A2007100355403A CN 200710035540 A CN200710035540 A CN 200710035540A CN 101139236 A CN101139236 A CN 101139236A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a negative-pressure, static and continual manufacturing method for a modified ammonium oil detonator. The steps include: (1) each raw material is matched according to the weight ratio: 80-92 percent of oxidant, 3-12 percent of water, 4-10 percent of ignitable composite cere; (2) the oxidant and the water are mixed in 100-140 DEG C to resolute into a hydrofacies material. (3) The composite cere is melted into an oil phase material in 90-120 DEG C; (4) The oil phase material and the hydrofacies material are mixed to become even suspending liquid after being mixed in the static mixing device; the mixing temperature is 95-140 DEG C; (5) the suspending liquid obtained in step (4) is pumped into a vacuum milling device and then is to milled into powder after being dehydrated in vacuum state; the vacuum drying pressure is 0.01-0.03 MPa; the temperature in the milling device is 60-100 DEG C. The blasting performance of the modified ammonium oil detonator prepared by the present invention is much better without agglomeration; besides, the present invention is with safe production and low cost. The energy consumption can be decreased 20 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture production method, especially relate to a kind of modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method
Background technology
Powder ammonium nitrate explosive is the bigger industrial explosive kind of present usage quantity, mainly contains an-tnt explosive and ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture two big classes.Generally speaking, ammonium ladder class explosive contains high explosive sensitizing agent tritonal, and its blast performance is better than ammonium oils explosive, but tritonal is toxic ingredient, and is harmful, and the cost height.Ammonium oils explosive cost is low, and production technique is simple, but blast performance is poor, and easily oil impregnate is rotten, not anti-storage.Above-mentioned both all easy moisture absorption cakings, water repelling property is poor, and because explosion velocity is low, can not satisfy the requirement of the broken engineering of the big ore deposit rock burst of hardness.
Last century the eighties, China researchs and develops successful powdery an-tnt-oil explosive, tritonal is reduced to 3-7%, blast performance is near No. 2 rock powdery an-tnt explosive levels, improved the anti-caking ability of powder ammonium nitrate explosive to a certain extent, reduce the pollution of tritonal dust in the production process, but fundamentally do not overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.In view of this, last century, the nineties was researched and developed success " powdery anfo explosive with high dispersivity " again, it adopts emulsifying manner to prepare the oil-in-water emulsion of ammonium nitrate saturated aqueous solution and mineral oil, mineral oil is dispersed in the ammonium nitrate solution, in wheel roller milk sap is mixed with additive and wood powder etc. then, drying forms ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture.This explosive advantage is not contain tritonal, improved the blast performance of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, but still have following defective: (1) oil-in-water emulsion is in wheel roller in the combination drying process, ammonium nitrate begins crystallization, and mix with additives such as oil phase material and wood powders, this process still belongs to mechanically mixing, can only improve the coating situation of the oil film of prior art at ammonium nitrate surface to a certain extent, thoroughly do not solve moistureproof agglomeration problems, the anti-outlet capacity of explosive does not also have obvious raising; Because the developmental process of crystal grain can not get effective control, its dispersing uniformity is still relatively poor, and this directly influences the blast performance of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture; (2) when preparation ammonium nitrate saturated solution, water content reaches 3%-10%, and the water content of the finished product requires less than 0.3%, and water evaporates needs wasteful calorimetric energy, so energy consumption is higher, and the production cycle is also longer.Also have unit to develop a kind of WT modification ammoniumnitrate explosives, adopt the method for mechanical force secondary breaking to improve fineness.For preventing that the ammonium nitrate behind the primary fragmentation from reassociating, before the secondary breaking, ammonium nitrate carries out pre-treatment through tensio-active agent, and the product granularity after above-mentioned processing is bigger than normal, so its blast performance is not good enough yet.
Chinese invention patent CN 1727314A discloses a kind of " high energy non-TNT powder explosive and preparation method thereof ", need to add multiple additives such as lipid acid or dodecyl nitrate, anion surfactant, the hydrate of sodium sulfate, combustible organic hydrophobic agent in its raw material oil phase, prescription is complicated; Adopt known airflow atomizing granulating and drying mode, energy consumption is higher; Manufacturing cost is also higher; Adopt water-cooled,, can cause that water content exceeds standard in the explosive in case watercooling jacket leaks.
Chinese invention patent application CN 1837165A and CN 1837164A disclose a kind of " TNT-free powdered modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof " and " a kind of powdered ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof " respectively, its aqueous phase need add jointing compound, after preparing, water and oil phase work in-process need to add linking agent, and the last explosive finished product that forms is an oil-in-water-type, and anti-anti-caking and water repelling property are not good enough.
The production technique that the Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of powder type explosive No. 200610136796.9, the emulsion process of this technology still needs the stirring and emulsifying of mulser, and in oil phase material, still need to add emulsifying agent, adopt conventional water-cooled cooling, not only moisture absorption easily, and it is bigger to deposit dose, has certain potential safety hazard, and energy consumption is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of composition of raw materials simple, the product blast performance is good, do not lump, and production safety, energy consumption is lower, the modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method that production cost is low.
The present invention's modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive is made by following raw material: oxygenant, water, combustible agent; Described oxygenant can be an ammonium nitrate, and described combustible agent is a kind of compound wax, and main ingredient is organic oil soluble materials (it is on sale that this kind compound wax Shijiazhuang really reaches Science and Technology Ltd.) such as wax, phosphatide.
The weight percent proportioning of each component is: oxygenant 80～92, water 3～12, combustible agent compound wax 4～10, (preferred proportioning is: oxygenant 85～90, water 5～8, compound wax 5～7).
As produce permitted explosive for coal mine, often add smoke suppressor ammonium chloride or Repone K or saltpetre in addition.
The production method of the present invention's modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive may further comprise the steps: (1) takes by weighing raw material by following weight percent proportioning: oxygenant ammonium nitrate 80～92, water 3～12, combustible agent compound wax 4～10, smoke suppressor 0-8; (2) oxygenant, water mixed dissolution under 100～140 ℃ of (preferred 122-130 ℃) conditions is become water-phase material; (3) compound wax is fused into oil phase material under 90～122 ℃ of (preferred 100-118 ℃) conditions; (4) water-phase material, oil phase material are mixed, be mixed into uniform suspension liquid through static mixing device; 95～140 ℃ of mixing temperatures (preferred 122-130 ℃); (5) suspension liquid that (4) step was made pumps into vacuum powder process device, becomes powder after the vacuum-drying dehydration, and the vacuum-drying absolute pressure is 0.01～0.03MPa, and temperature is preferably 60～100 ℃ (preferred 70-90 ℃) in the powder process device.This method is a continous way.
For accelerating the speed of cooling that vacuum hydro-extraction becomes the powder product, after the discharging, should send into wind and bathe in the direct-cooled machine and cool off; Cooled powder is preferably sent into the efflorescence machine again and is carried out efflorescence, packs then.
Cooling, generally can adopt following steps: (1) is through the preliminary efflorescence of depiler and evenly be tiled on the strainer the thick 1～30cm (preferred 5-20cm, more preferably 8-15cm) that is generally of stone; (2) air that is extracted above the strainer by induced draft fan carries out the cooling of powder type explosive; (3) cooled powder type explosive is conveyed into the efflorescence machine through strainer.
After cooled powder enters the efflorescence machine, carry out efflorescence through the efflorescence roller, powder is ground into fine particle, discharging again, packing promptly get the modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive finished product that dispatches from the factory.
Improve the blast performance of powder ammonium nitrate explosive, oxygenant must fully contact with combustible agent; Improve the water resisting property and the storge quality of powder ammonium nitrate explosive, the material existence of one deck hydrophobic nature must be arranged at the ammonium nitrate surface of easily moisture absorption.The present invention makes the water of forming oxygenant and the oil phase of forming combustible agent form uniform mixed solution, because this mixed solution is very thin, helps vacuum puffed dehydration.Owing to adopt vacuum-drying, the moisture in the explosive is evaporated the back and forms a large amount of nanometer level microporously, and the explosive susceptibility is obviously improved.
Composition of raw materials of the present invention is simple; Adopt " liquid-phase mixing-drying under reduced pressure becomes powder craft ", need not emulsification, and described oxygenant powder is higher than existing modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive with the uniformity coefficient that contacts between the combustible agent.
The present invention adopts vacuum-drying to be dehydrated into powder, and vacuum tightness is not high, but can dewater at a lower temperature, and in the efflorescence machine residence time short, thereby not only energy consumption is low, and production capacity is big, product density is also higher, is 0.9-1.0.
Adopt the blast performance of the modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive of the present invention's production to be better than existing modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive, do not lump, water resisting property is good; And production safety; Production energy consumption can reduce by 20%, and production cost reduces more than at least 10%.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
(1) takes by weighing ammonium nitrate 86Kg, water 8Kg, compound wax 6Kg; (2) ammonium nitrate, water are made aqueous mixture under 122 ℃ of temperature; (3) under uniform temp, compound wax is fused into compound oil phase material; (4) under the said temperature condition, the water material is mixed with oil phase material through static mixer; (5) uniform suspension liquid is pumped in the vacuum powder process device, the vacuum-drying absolute pressure is 0.015MPa, 80 ℃ of powder process actuator temperatures, under this vacuum condition, carry out vacuum-drying removal moisture wherein, form loose powder-like product, directly enter discharging in the discharging hopper with micropore, after the discharging, send into wind through travelling belt and bathe in the direct-cooled machine and cool off, cooling layer thickness 8cm, cooled powder enters the efflorescence of efflorescence machine.
Product performance detect through blast performance: capacity for work 371ml, and brisance 14mm, induced detonation 7cm, explosion velocity 3700m/s, density 1.0 stores 8 months quality guaranteed perioves.
Embodiment 2
(1) takes by weighing ammonium nitrate 90Kg, water 5Kg, compound wax 5Kg; (2) ammonium nitrate, water are made aqueous mixture under 130 ℃ of temperature; (3) under 115 ℃ of temperature, compound wax is fused into compound oil phase material;
(4) under 128 ℃ of temperature condition, the water material is mixed with oil phase material through static mixer; (5) uniform suspension liquid is pumped in the vacuum powder process device carry out drying, its vacuum-drying absolute pressure is 0.01MPa, and the powder process actuator temperature is 95 ℃, carries out vacuum-drying and remove wherein moisture under this vacuum condition, forms the loose powder-like product with micropore.
Product performance detect through blast performance: capacity for work 350ml, and brisance 14mm, induced detonation 8cm, explosion velocity 3900m/s, density 9.3 stores 8 months quality guaranteed perioves.
Embodiment 3
(1) takes by weighing ammonium nitrate 80Kg, ammonium chloride 5Kg, water 6Kg, compound wax 9Kg; (2) ammonium nitrate, water are made aqueous mixture under 135 ℃ of temperature; (3) under 110 ℃, compound wax fused into compound oil phase; (4) under 130 ℃ of temperature condition, the water material is mixed with oil phase material through static mixer; (5) uniform suspension liquid is pumped in the vacuum powder process device carry out drying, its vacuum-drying absolute pressure is 0.02MPa, and temperature is 90 ℃ in the powder process device, carries out vacuum-drying and remove wherein moisture under this vacuum condition, forms the loose powder-like product with micropore.
Product performance detect through blast performance: capacity for work 310ml, and brisance 13mm, induced detonation 7cm, explosion velocity 3400m/s, density 0.91 stores 8 months quality guaranteed perioves.
Embodiment 4
(1) takes by weighing ammonium nitrate 82Kg, saltpetre 5Kg, water 5Kg, compound wax 8Kg; (2) ammonium nitrate, water are made aqueous mixture under 130 ℃ of temperature; (3) under 110 ℃, compound wax fused into compound oil phase; (4) under 125 ℃ of temperature condition, the water material is mixed with oil phase material through static mixer; (5) uniform suspension liquid is pumped in the vacuum powder process device carry out drying, its vacuum-drying absolute pressure is 0.02MPa, and temperature is 85 ℃ in the powder process device, carries out vacuum-drying and remove wherein moisture under this vacuum condition, forms the loose powder-like product with micropore.
Product performance detect through blast performance: capacity for work 320ml, and brisance 14mm, induced detonation 8cm, explosion velocity 3400m/s, density 0.92 stores 8 months quality guaranteed perioves.
Claims (7)
1. modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1) takes by weighing raw material by following weight percent proportioning: oxygenant ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride is or/and Repone K 80～92, water 3～12, combustible agent compound wax 4～10, smoke suppressor 0-8; (2) oxygenant, smoke suppressor, water mixed dissolution under 100～140 ℃ of conditions is become water-phase material; (3) compound wax is fused into oil phase material under 90～120 ℃ of conditions; (4) water-phase material, oil phase material are mixed, be mixed into uniform suspension liquid through static mixing device, 95～140 ℃ of mixing temperatures; (5) suspension liquid that (4) step was made pumps into the powder process device, becomes powder after the vacuum-drying dehydration, and the vacuum-drying absolute pressure is 0.01～0.03MPa, and temperature is 60～100 ℃ in the powder process device.
2. modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described each raw material weight per distribution ratio is: oxygenant 85～90, water 5～8, compound wax 5～7.
3. modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described water-phase material mixed dissolution temperature is 122～130 ℃.
4. modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described oil phase material temperature of fusion is 100-118 ℃.
5. according to the modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method of claim 1 or 2 described modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives, it is characterized in that described water-phase material, oil phase material mixing temperature are 122-130 ℃.
6. modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, after the discharging, sends into wind and bathes in the direct-cooled machine and cool off; Cooled powder is sent into the efflorescence machine again and is carried out efflorescence, packs then.
7. modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described refrigerating work procedure may further comprise the steps: (1) also evenly is tiled on the strainer through the preliminary efflorescence of depiler, and layer thickness is 1～30cm; (2) air that is extracted above the strainer by induced draft fan carries out the cooling of powder type explosive; (3) cooled powder type explosive is conveyed into the efflorescence machine through strainer.
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| CNA2007100355403A CN101139236A (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2007-08-10 | Modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive negatively pressurized static continuous production method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101417909B (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2012-07-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | Powdery ammonium nitrate explosives and preparation method thereof |
| CN106008122A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | Powdery emulsion explosive for on-site mixed loading and preparation method of powdery emulsion explosive |
| CN110734351A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-01-31 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | modified anfo explosive preparation facilities |
| CN112552133A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-03-26 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | Low-detonation-velocity modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-08-10 CN CNA2007100355403A patent/CN101139236A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101417909B (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2012-07-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | Powdery ammonium nitrate explosives and preparation method thereof |
| CN106008122A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | Powdery emulsion explosive for on-site mixed loading and preparation method of powdery emulsion explosive |
| CN110734351A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-01-31 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | modified anfo explosive preparation facilities |
| CN112552133A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-03-26 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | Low-detonation-velocity modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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