CN101138699A - Method and equipment for treating tail gas pollution of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device - Google Patents

Method and equipment for treating tail gas pollution of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101138699A
CN101138699A CNA2006101128347A CN200610112834A CN101138699A CN 101138699 A CN101138699 A CN 101138699A CN A2006101128347 A CNA2006101128347 A CN A2006101128347A CN 200610112834 A CN200610112834 A CN 200610112834A CN 101138699 A CN101138699 A CN 101138699A
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
reactor
catalyst
filler
tail gas
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CNA2006101128347A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李成岳
李向富
陈标华
马克存
韦军
朱吉钦
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Priority to CNA2006101128347A priority Critical patent/CN101138699A/en
Publication of CN101138699A publication Critical patent/CN101138699A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and equipment for treating organic, inorganic and cyanogen-containing compound waste gas discharged from an absorption tower of an acrylonitrile device, which is characterized in that a tail gas treatment device of flow direction conversion catalytic combustion equipment consisting of two groups of periodic automatic control pneumatic or electric valves, two fixed bed reactors, a waste heat boiler or a heat exchanger is added at the tail gas part of the absorption tower of the acrylonitrile device, a catalyst is prepared by a method with high dispersion rate and uniform distribution, and the particle size is as follows: phi 3-10 mm, compressive strength: not less than 50N/pellet, bulk density: 0.55-0.95 kg/l, specific surface: 250m2A catalyst per gram; the filler is regular ceramic filler, the bed layer void ratio is 60-70%, and the specific surface area is 300-400 m2/m3The weight of the powder is 500 to 950kgf/m3Or a ceramic ring and a ceramic ball, the temperature rapid change (DEG C) resistance is more than 500, and the volume ratio of the filling material and the catalyst in the reactor is as follows: the ratio of the upper layer filler to the catalyst to the lower layer filler is 0.1-0.2: 1: 2-6, the removal rate of the non-methane total hydrocarbon reaches 97%, and the acrylonitrileThe removal rate of cyanogen-containing compounds reaches 98 percent, and the removal rate of carbon monoxide reaches 98 percent.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus of administering the tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation pollution
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus organic, that inorganic pollution especially contains the waste gas of cyanogen compound that contains of handling the absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation discharging.
Background technology:
For the very big acrylonitrile commercial plant tail gas that contains low-concentration organic of tolerance, it is very effective adopting high temperature incineration (AOGI) method to handle.External same device adopts this method to handle mostly.The capital equipment of high temperature incineration method is 1 incinerator.Principle is that acrylonitrile absorbing tower tail gas, postcombustion and air make harmful substances such as hydro carbons in the tail gas, carbon monoxide, acrylonitrile change into carbon dioxide by flame combustion in incinerator and water is discharged into atmosphere with flue gas, the superheated steam of by-product 4.1MPa.The high-temp combustion treatment technology of U.S. PCC company is used wider, has 15 to use achievement.Two acrylonitrile factories of U.S. BP company all adopt PCC company technology.Domesticly just also will adopt the PCC technology to handle acrylonitrile absorbing tower tail gas at the Shanghai of joint construction Sai Ke petro-chemical corporation acrylonitrile installation.Anqing Petrochemical Company company acrylonitrile installation was accepted Japanese green energy program assistance in 1999 and is adopted Japanese BHK technology to build up acrylonitrile absorbing tower tail gas and waste water incineration device and heat recovery system at the bottom of calendar year 2001, and by national acceptance.But high-temperature flame technology one-time investment and operating cost height, and produce a large amount of nitrogen oxide and cause secondary pollution.
Common catalytic combustion technology (AOGC) is meant at a lower temperature (260~600) ℃, effect by catalyst, with a kind of waste gas processing method of the combustible components oxidation Decomposition in the waste gas, capital equipment is not catalytic reactor and necessary heat exchanger under having the condition of thermal-flame.External existing acrylonitrile industrial installation adopts Production by Catalytic Combustion Process to handle acrylonitrile tail gas, and domestic Dongfang Chemical Plant, Beijing, The East Chemical Plant,Beijing acroleic acid device adopts Mitsubishi heavy industry catalytic combustion technology to handle tail gas.But this technology needs postcombustion gas when tail gas concentration is low, operating cost is higher.
As a kind of novel fixed bed reactors non-steady-state operation technology, though the notion of flow-reversal catalytic combustion was just proposed by Cottrell as far back as 1938, but only equal to attempt between the seventies to the eighties it is carried out mathematical description at Boreskov and Matros, and experimental study and commercial use combine after, just make it demonstrate great vitality.After this, the research unit of many countries and university have all carried out the research of this respect, during have a large amount of articles to deliver.In recent years, more existing abroad industrialized units adopt the flow-reversal catalytic combustion technology to handle the waste gas that contains volatile organic matter (VOCs).Administer as contain methyl alcohol, phenol, formaldehyde exhaust-gas that Kemerovo in 1989 is discharged when the production of resins; The improvement that contains industrial waste gases such as acrylonitrile, cyanic acid, acetaldehyde, acetate that Navoi in 1991 is discharged in water and behind the container etc. all adopt the flow-reversal catalytic combustion technology to administer.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of employing flow-reversal catalytic combustion technology and administer tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes two groups of pneumatic or electrically operated valves of control periodically automatically in the increase of tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation position, two fixed bed reactors, the exhaust gas processing device of the flow-reversal catalytic combustion equipment that waste heat boiler or heat exchanger constitute, in the middle of two fixed bed reactors is catalyst layer, two ends are the high heat capacity inert filler, by an air intake valve and the valve of giving vent to anger be one group two groups periodically automatically pneumatic the or electrically operated valve of control be connected with the fixed bed reactors bottom respectively, two reactor upper ends are connected with high temperature heat collector waste heat boiler or heat exchanger respectively, tail gas enters pipe and is connected with two groups of automatic control air intake valves pneumatic or electrically operated valve respectively, and the purified gas outlet is connected with two groups of automatic control valves of giving vent to anger pneumatic or electrically operated valve respectively; Catalyst is for adopting γ-Al 2O 3Being carrier, is main active ingredient with precious metals pt, Pd, is prepared from granularity with the equally distributed method of high dispersive rate: Φ 3-10mm, compression strength: 〉=50N/ grain, bulk density: 0.55-0.95Kg/L, specific surface :~250m 2The catalyst of/g; Filler can be selected regular ceramic packing for use, and bed voidage is 60~70%, the big 300~400m2/m of specific area 3, weight accumulation is 500~950kgf/m 3, or porcelain ring, porcelain ball, spalling resistance (℃)>500, filler and catalyst amount in the reactor are by volume: upper strata filler: catalyst: lower floor's filler=0.1~0.2: 1: 2~6.
Technological process is:
The commutation cycle that reactant is set by the time relay alternately enters the reactor two ends from two intake valves, when the air intake valve of a reactor is opened, its valve closing of giving vent to anger, and the air intake valve of another reactor is closed, its air outlet valve is opened, gas enters the reactor of its connection from the valve of opening, at first through the inert filler of reactor upper end by heat temperature raising gradually, near the top catalyst time, reach the activity of such catalysts temperature, volatile organic matter is by catalytic combustion, through adjusting superfluous heat is taken away by waste heat boiler or heat exchanger, the high-temp waste gas that purifies enters another reactor, through the lower end inert filler with the heat transferred filler, and savings therein, gas is lowered the temperature gradually, enter blast pipe through the connected valve of giving vent to anger, after the half period that reaches time relay setting, the valve closing of opening, the valve opening of closing, reactant flows to and changes, enter another reactor, waste gas enters the catalyst section reaction through this reactor lower end inert filler, and the gas of purification is lowered the temperature after valve enters blast pipe through previous reactor lower end inert filler.The heat major part of exothermic reaction generation all is accumulated in the reactor bed like this, superfluous heat is removed by heat exchanger, reach effective utilization of heat, even still can reach self-heating operation, the Steam Recovery utilization that can produce 1~4Mpa when comhustible component is high when therefore combustible concentration is very low in the waste gas.
The flow-reversal catalytic combustion technology that the present invention adopts is administered acrylonitrile tail gas, NMHC clearance after the improvement has reached more than 97%, acrylonitrile etc. contain the cyanogen compound clearance and reach more than 98%, the carbon monoxide removal rate reaches more than 98%, and the tail gas after the improvement has reached discharging standards, and it is wide to adopt present technique to have processed tail gas combustible safe level excursion, minimum safe level is very low, once invest less, take up an area of few, characteristics such as simple to operate and operating cost is low.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 flow-reversal catalytic combustion is administered acrylonitrile tail gas process sketch.
Wherein: 1, air intake valve 2, air intake valve 3, the valve 4 of giving vent to anger, the valve 5 of giving vent to anger, inert filler 6, inert filler 7, catalyst 8, catalyst 9, waste heat boiler or heat exchanger 10, anticipatory electric heater 11, reactor 12, reactor 13, tail gas air inlet pipe 14, purification tracheae
Concrete real-time mode
Embodiment 1
The present invention includes two groups of pneumatic or electrically operated valves of control periodically automatically in the increase of tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation position, two fixed bed reactors, the exhaust gas processing device of the flow-reversal catalytic combustion equipment that waste heat boiler or heat exchanger constitute, it in the middle of two fixed bed reactors catalyst (7) (8) layer, two ends are high heat capacity inert filler (5) (6), by air intake valve (1) and the valve of giving vent to anger (4), air intake valve (2) controls pneumatic automatically with two groups of periodicity that the valve of giving vent to anger (3) constitutes or electrically operated valve is connected with fixed bed reactors (11) (12) bottom respectively, two reactor upper ends are connected with waste heat boiler or heat exchanger (9) respectively, tail gas enters pipe (13) and is connected with two groups of automatic control air intake valves (1) (2) pneumatic or electrically operated valve respectively, purified gas outlet (14) is connected with two groups of automatic control valves of giving vent to anger (3) (4) pneumatic or electrically operated valve respectively, and anticipatory electric heater (10) is connected with reactor; Catalyst adopts γ-Al 2O 3Being carrier, is main active ingredient with precious metals pt, is prepared from granularity with the equally distributed method of high dispersive rate: Φ 3-10mm, compression strength: 〉=50N/ grain, bulk density: 0.55-0.95Kg/L, specific surface: 250m 2The catalyst of/g; Filler can be selected regular ceramic packing for use, and bed voidage is 60~70%, the big 300~400m2/m of specific area 3, weight accumulation is 500~950kgf/m 3, or porcelain ring, porcelain ball, spalling resistance (℃)>500, filler and catalyst amount in the reactor are by volume: upper strata filler: catalyst: lower floor's filler=0.1~0.2: 1: 2~6.
Technological process is:
Accompanying drawing is seen in the technological process of acrylonitrile absorbing tower exhaust gas flow direction conversion catalytic combustion, and catalyst and two ends inert filler are preheated to more than the catalyst activity temperature (330 ℃), and tail gas combustible concentration is 540mg/m 3, the flow-reversal cycle is 200s, reaction velocity is 20000h -1
The commutation cycle that reactant is set by the time relay alternately enters the reactor two ends from two intake valves (1) (2), when the air intake valve (1) of reactor (11) is opened, its valve of giving vent to anger (3) is closed, and the air intake valve (2) of reactor (12) is closed, its air outlet valve (4) is opened, gas enters the reactor (11) of its connection from the valve of opening (1), at first through the inert filler (5) of reactor upper end by heat temperature raising gradually, near top catalyst (7) time, reach the activity of such catalysts temperature, volatile organic matter is by catalytic combustion, through adjusting superfluous heat is taken away by waste heat boiler or heat exchanger (9), the high-temp waste gas that purifies enters another reactor (12), through lower end inert filler (6) with the heat transferred filler, and savings therein, gas is lowered the temperature gradually, enter blast pipe (14) through the connected valve of giving vent to anger (4), after the half period that reaches time relay setting, the valve of opening (1) (4) is closed, the valve of closing (2) (3) is opened, reactant flows to and changes, enter another reactor (12), waste gas enters the reaction of catalyst (8) section through this reactor lower end inert filler (6), and the gas of purification is lowered the temperature after valve (3) enters escape pipe (14) through previous reactor (11) lower end inert filler.The heat major part of exothermic reaction generation all is accumulated in the reactor bed like this, superfluous heat is removed by heat exchanger, reach effective utilization of heat, even still can reach self-heating operation, the Steam Recovery utilization that can produce 1~4Mpa when comhustible component is high when therefore combustible concentration is very low in the waste gas.
Embodiment 2:
Acrylonitrile absorbing tower exhaust gas flow direction conversion catalytic combustion equipment and technological process are preheated to catalyst and two ends inert filler more than the catalyst activity temperature (330 ℃) with embodiment 1, and tail gas combustible concentration is 10720mg/m 3, the flow-reversal cycle is 3000s, reaction velocity is 20000h -1
Adopt a kind of load P d metallic catalyst, the simulation tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation consists of propane, propylene and carbon monoxide total concentration 500ppm (propane: propylene: carbon monoxide=21: 7: 72 (volume ratio)), acrylonitrile concentration 52ppm, flow-reversal cycle 400s, air speed is 4000h -1Handling back waste gas NMHC clearance reaches more than 98%.The carbon monoxide removal rate reaches more than 98%, and the acrylon clearance reaches more than 99%.
Embodiment 3:
Employing is with catalyst and equipment and the technology of embodiment 1, carbon monoxide=21: 7: 72 (volume ratio)) and the concentration 104ppm of acrylonitrile simulation acrylonitrile tail gas consists of propane, propylene and carbon monoxide total concentration 1400ppm (propane: propylene:, flow-reversal cycle 1200s, air speed is 8000h -1The NMHC clearance reaches more than 98% in the waste gas of processing back.The carbon monoxide removal rate reaches more than 98%, and the acrylonitrile clearance reaches more than 99%.
Embodiment 4:
Equipment and technology are with embodiment 1, carbon monoxide=21: 7: 72 (volume ratio)) and acrylonitrile concentration 104ppm simulation acrylonitrile tail gas consists of propane, propylene and carbon monoxide total concentration 2400ppm (propane: propylene:, flow-reversal cycle 2000s, air speed is 15000h -1The NMHC clearance reaches 97.5% in the waste gas of processing back.The carbon monoxide removal rate has reached more than 99%, and the acrylonitrile clearance has reached more than 99%.
Experimental example 5:
Equipment and technology are with embodiment 1, carbon monoxide=70.3: 7.8: 21.9 (volume ratio)) and acrylonitrile concentration 76ppm simulation acrylonitrile tail gas consists of propane, propylene and carbon monoxide total concentration 10870ppm, and (propane: propylene:, this forms with acrylonitrile commercial plant tail gas composition very approaching.Room temperature air inlet, air speed 7000h -1, the flow-reversal cycle is 2400s, the NMHC clearance reaches 99% in the waste gas of processing back.The carbon monoxide removal rate reaches more than 99%, and the acrylonitrile clearance reaches more than 99%.
From the foregoing description as can be seen, adopt the effect of this technology governance tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation fine, the waste gas after the improvement has reached discharging standards.

Claims (2)

1. administer the equipment that tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation pollutes for one kind, it is characterized in that:
Include two groups of pneumatic or electrically operated valves of control periodically automatically in the increase of tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation position, two fixed bed reactors, the exhaust gas processing device of the flow-reversal catalytic combustion equipment that waste heat boiler or heat exchanger constitute, in the middle of two fixed bed reactors is catalyst layer, two ends are the high heat capacity inert filler, by an air intake valve and the valve of giving vent to anger be one group two groups periodically automatically pneumatic the or electrically operated valve of control be connected with the fixed bed reactors bottom respectively, two reactor upper ends are connected with high temperature heat collector waste heat boiler or heat exchanger respectively, tail gas enters pipe and is connected with two groups of automatic control air intake valves pneumatic or electrically operated valve respectively, and the purified gas outlet is connected with two groups of automatic control valves of giving vent to anger pneumatic or electrically operated valve respectively; Catalyst is for adopting γ-Al 2O 3Being carrier, is main active ingredient with precious metals pt, Pd, is prepared from granularity with the equally distributed method of high dispersive rate: Φ 3-10mm, compression strength: 〉=50N/ grain, bulk density: 0.55-0.95Kg/L, specific surface :~250m 2The catalyst of/g; Filler can be selected regular ceramic packing for use, and bed voidage is 60~70%, the big 300~400m2/m of specific area 3, weight accumulation is 500~950kgf/m 3, or porcelain ring, porcelain ball, spalling resistance (℃)>500, filler and catalyst amount in the reactor are by volume: upper strata filler: catalyst: lower floor's filler=0.1~0.2: 1: 2~6.
2. administer the method that tail gas from absorption tower of acrylonitrile installation pollutes for one kind, it is characterized in that: the commutation cycle that application rights requires 1 described equipment reaction thing to set by the time relay alternately enters the reactor two ends from two intake valves, when the air intake valve of a reactor is opened, its valve closing of giving vent to anger, and the air intake valve of another reactor is closed, its air outlet valve is opened, gas enters the reactor of its connection from the valve of opening, at first through the inert filler of reactor lower end by heat temperature raising gradually, near the top catalyst time, reach the activity of such catalysts temperature, volatile organic matter is by catalytic combustion, through adjusting superfluous heat is taken away by waste heat boiler or heat exchanger, the high-temp waste gas that purifies enters another reactor, through the lower end inert filler with the heat transferred filler, and savings therein, gas is lowered the temperature gradually, enter blast pipe through the connected valve of giving vent to anger, after the half period that reaches time relay setting, the valve closing of opening, the valve opening of closing, reactant flows to and changes, enter another reactor, waste gas enters the catalyst section reaction through this reactor lower end inert filler, and the gas of purification is lowered the temperature after valve enters blast pipe through previous reactor lower end inert filler.
CNA2006101128347A 2006-09-05 2006-09-05 Method and equipment for treating tail gas pollution of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device Pending CN101138699A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104772038A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-15 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Using Pd-CeO2Method for purifying tail gas of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device by using/Me-beta molecular sieve
CN104772037A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-15 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Using Pd-CeO2Method for purifying tail gas of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device by using Me-SAPO molecular sieve
CN109569272A (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 HCN-containing gases processing method
CN110639500A (en) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Combustion catalyst for cyanogen-containing waste gas and application of combustion catalyst in cyanogen-containing waste gas treatment
CN112275127A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-29 阳江职业技术学院 Method for purifying volatile organic pollutants in environment-friendly air

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104772038A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-15 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Using Pd-CeO2Method for purifying tail gas of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device by using/Me-beta molecular sieve
CN104772037A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-15 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Using Pd-CeO2Method for purifying tail gas of absorption tower of acrylonitrile device by using Me-SAPO molecular sieve
CN109569272A (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 HCN-containing gases processing method
CN109569272B (en) * 2017-09-28 2021-11-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Cyanogen-containing waste gas treatment method
CN110639500A (en) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Combustion catalyst for cyanogen-containing waste gas and application of combustion catalyst in cyanogen-containing waste gas treatment
CN112275127A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-29 阳江职业技术学院 Method for purifying volatile organic pollutants in environment-friendly air

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