CN101135057B - Electrode - Google Patents
Electrode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101135057B CN101135057B CN2007100917608A CN200710091760A CN101135057B CN 101135057 B CN101135057 B CN 101135057B CN 2007100917608 A CN2007100917608 A CN 2007100917608A CN 200710091760 A CN200710091760 A CN 200710091760A CN 101135057 B CN101135057 B CN 101135057B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- ducted body
- electroconductive
- along
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
- B09C1/085—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically electrochemically, e.g. by electrokinetics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
- C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
- C02F2001/46161—Porous electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
An electrode comprises an elongate hollow tube (5) made of porous titanium suboxide the inside wall of which is contacted at spaced apart locations by an electrical conductor (11, 12) so that the current is substantially uniformly distributed along the length of the electrode.
Description
The application is to be July 3, application number in 2000 the dividing an application for the one Chinese patent application of " electrode " that be 00809912.X, denomination of invention the applying date.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electrode processed by the low electric conductivity material, kind electrode adopts the ducted body form of strip usually.This ducted body is preferably processed by the substoichiometric oxides of titanium etc., in this case, great majority effectively method of manufacture all can to make this ducted body be cavernous.
Background technology
One example it, if the long 500mm of tubular body arranged inside, external diameter 18mm, wall thickness 3mm, volume specific resistance are 30m Ω .cm, and (being intended to provides about 100A/m along all points on its length direction to be electrically connected and to impose the electric current of 2.83A at the one of which end
2Current density), calculate so and learn that the volts lost between the two ends of this electrode approximately is 750mV.In a lot of electrochemical applications, because this volts lost just possibly exist the electrode region that its electromotive force is not enough to carry out expectation function.(this situation is preferred in the occasion that between anode and the negative electrode is the electrolytic process operated under the low voltage of 1～5V order of magnitude; Because this can cause lower electric cost usually); The all surface zone that can not guarantee electrode is equal to effectively in full force and effect in other words conj.or perhaps; Particularly for electrolytic process for example water treatment show the electrode surface of high inflation overvoltage (gassing overpotential) more welcome (for example titanium oxide, plumbic oxide, adulterated tindioxide) at a low price this moment especially like this.In this case, the actual variation of current density between the kind electrode two ends surpasses 50%.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that is electrically connected with kind electrode, this method is will solve this type problem under the situation about being made up of porous material in electrode body especially.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of electrode, and it comprises: the integral body of being processed by the relative low electric conductivity material of porous is the ducted body of strip; With the electroconductive that is used to be connected to power supply; This electroconductive extends along this ducted body inside and along the whole length of this ducted body; And contacting with this ducted body inner wall surface along the isolated a plurality of positions on the length direction of this ducted body, feasible electric current from power supply distributes along this electrode basically equably.
The electroconductibility of said electric conductor part is higher than the electroconductibility of (at least 2 one magnitude) said electrode body in fact.A kind of form is that this electroconductive is the coil shape of a spring wire so that on mechanics, force this coil to contact with the inner wall surface of ducted body at regular intervals.
Said ducted body can be to be processed by a series of materials.This electrode ducted body most preferably is to be processed by the substoichiometric oxides of the titanium of TiOx form, and wherein the span of x is about 1.99-1.7.Such ducted body generally is cavernous, because cause vesicular structure easily with the method most of with low cost of this made right cylinder or ducted body.Can there be catalytic elements to exist.In a preferred embodiment, this electrode body is to be processed by the substoichiometric oxides of titanium, and electrode conductor is valve (valve) metal, can form competent electrical connection thus.
When the present invention is that preferably 200mm is long at least for this ducted body when being fit to use volume specific resistance to be higher than the material of about 20m Ω .cm.If the resistivity of hollow body material is higher, then the present invention is applicable to that said ducted body is the long occasion of 150mm at least.Electrode of the present invention is applicable to that the cylindrical electrode geometrical shape is that for example fluid handling is remedied with the scene of decontamination material and contaminated soil in favourable many processing.Generally speaking, water pollutes can be grouped into seven types, as follows:
1, sewage and other oxygen-demanding waste:
2, infectious agent:
3, plant nutrient:
4, external organic chemicals:
5, inorganic mineral and compound:
6, settling;
7, radioactive substance.
Sewage and other oxygen-demanding waste-as can be oxidized to the carbon containing organic materials of carbonic acid gas and water by biological (being chemically sometimes).These refuses possibly be problematic.In the waste water of municipal administration, sanatorium, process hides and slaughterhouse and boats and ships discharge, can find infectious agent usually.This pollutant can make humans and animals comprise that livestock is pathogenic.
Plant nutrient (for example nitrogen and phosphorus) can promote the growth of waterplant, and this waterplant has disturbed use and its of water to rot afterwards to produce niff and increased the amount of oxygen-demanding waste in the water.
External organic chemicals comprises the degraded product of the tensio-active agent that uses in washing composition, the sterilant, various mechanicals and other organic cpds.Among known these compounds some is just toxic to fish under extremely low concentration.Many among these compounds be difficult for biodegradable.
Inorganic mineral and compound are shown in the city usually and have stable political situation in trade effluent and the urban runoff.These pollutents can kill or injure fish and other hydrobiont and also can influence drinking or industrial use of water.A tangible example is that mercury exists in water.Another example is in the north, under colder weather, is used to remove the freezing salt pollution in road surface.
Settling be by heavy rain and flood from ground, pasture, surface mines, road surface and the soil-shifting zone, city of arable land, unprotected forest land, the overgraze soil and the mineral grain that wash away.Settling has been clogged river course and reservoir: corroded electric turbine and pumping equipment, reduced the utilizable amount of sunlight of waterplant; Running water filter; And alluviation fish nest, lay eggs and food supply, reduced the breeding of fish and shellfish thus.
Radioactive substance in water surrounding derives from the mining and the smelting of uranium and thorium usually: derive from Nuclear power plants and use radio active material with industry, medical treatment and scientific experiment.
The present invention can provide a kind of on-site soil remedial systems and a kind of device that carries out the reaction of redox type, and disclosed electrode among the present invention wherein all is installed.
On the other hand; The present invention provides a kind of device that is used for electrolytic treatment of liquid; It comprises: one is used to comprise pending fluidic chamber, an anode and a negative electrode, and a current and power supply, said anode and negative electrode be disclosed electrode among the present invention one of at least.
Find that the present invention has good especially effect aspect treating water and the water-bearing media.In this case, electric current is to pass through in the small gaps between anode and negative electrode, and water also is to pass through from this small gaps.Because the structure of electrode of the present invention can guarantee along there being for example 3V of predetermined minimum voltage on the length of electrode.
The electrode of being processed by the low price titanium oxide has high inflation overvoltage, promptly any tangible electric current through before desired voltage because it is low to be used to split water into the catalytic activity on surface of hydrogen and hydroxyl.Except that the surface by the catalytic situation; This electromotive force is to surpass 1V; So near the effective motivating force to electric current joint is to be about 2V (if total voltage such as the above-mentioned 3V of being) at the most; And the other end under non-situation of the present invention because in above-mentioned condition lower edge electrode generation volts lost, so voltage is 1.25V.
On the other hand; The invention provides a kind of method of operating said apparatus; It comprises: to the electrode with low electric conductivity, the current density in anode external zone is to surpass 10A.m2 from power supply supply electric current, and the voltage change between any 2 on the electrode is to be lower than 200mV thus.
In order to understand the present invention well, will the present invention be described with reference to accompanying drawing mode by way of example at present.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has shown the representative electrochemical cell that is used for water treatment;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing in the cross section of an embodiment shown in Fig. 1; And
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing in the cross section of another embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, water treatment system comprises a battery, thus pending water is introduced in two annular regions 2 between the strip tubular body arranged inside electrode, between the circular clearance be little.Each electrode normally 500mm is long and be to be connected on each electrode of direct supply 4, so that electrode is a negative electrode 5 and another (for example, interior electrode) is anode 6.The external diameter of interior electrode is 18mm and circular clearance 2mm normally normally.When electric current when the electrode, electrolytic reaction has taken place, such as treating water to remove pollutent.Water is to pass through in the circular clearance between electrode.Usually be electrically connected to an end of interior electrode and about 2.83A electric current is provided.Like interior electrode is to be that 3mm and volume specific resistance are that low price titanium oxide below the 30m Ω .cm is when processing by wall thickness; The volts lost of about 750mV will take place along the length of interior electrode under non-situation of the present invention, so that cell voltage potential at one end will be about 3V and be 2.25V at the other end.
According to the present invention, the anode 6 of Fig. 1 comprises the strip pipe of being processed through moulding, extruding or the like by the low price titanium oxide 10.Said pipe is that 500mm is long, and internal diameter is that 12mm and external diameter are 18mm, and promptly wall thickness is about 3mm.
According to one embodiment of present invention and as shown in Figure 2, current supply comprises a titanium spring wire 11 that extends along the endoporus of pipe.One end of spring wire 11 is to be connected on the power supply 4, and the other end can be by end cap seal.The coil of spring is that the inwall that mechanically is urged to managing in longitudinally-spaced position contacts, and power supply distributes along the length direction of pipe basically equably thus.As a result, cell voltage along on the whole length of battery be equate basically and whole thus length in for example microbicidel, the oxidation and/or to go back aspect the parent pollutant all be effective of its electrochemical function.
Negative electrode can be with anode be of similar shape or it can have the pattern of standard.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, coil spring is by substituting along isolated a series of single joints on the length direction of pipe.Reference numeral 12 expression electroconductives wherein.The present invention is the embodiment shown in being not limited to.Described water treatment device can comprise series of cells and comprise other processing element.It is circular not needing electrode sections.Though with regard to water treatment, described the present invention, said electrode all is useful needing under any occasion of strip electrode.This kind application comprises that on-site soil is remedied and electrochemical synthesis reaction, for example redox system.
Claims (12)
1. electrode, it comprises:
The integral body of being processed by the substoichiometric suboxide of the titanium of porous TiOx form is the ducted body of strip, and wherein x is in the scope of 1.99-1.7; With
Be used to be connected to the electroconductive of power supply; This electroconductive extends along this ducted body inside and along the length of this ducted body; And contacting with this ducted body inner wall surface along the isolated a plurality of positions on the length direction of this ducted body, feasible electric current from power supply distributes along this ducted body basically equably.
2. electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein this electroconductive is the strip coil spring that spring wire constitutes, its shape makes spring coil mechanically be urged to the inner wall surface of said ducted body in longitudinally-spaced position and contacts.
3. electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein this electroconductive comprises the conductor that several are independent, contacts with this ducted body inner wall surface in corresponding longitudinally-spaced position.
4. like each described electrode of aforementioned claim, wherein the electroconductibility of this electroconductive is than electroconductibility height at least two one magnitude of this ducted body.
5. electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ducted body are that 150mm is long at least.
6. like each described electrode among the claim 1-3, wherein this electroconductive is to be processed by valve metal.
7. one kind is used for the device that liquid electrolytic is handled, and this device comprises: one comprises chamber, an anode and a negative electrode of pending liquid, and said anode and negative electrode one of at least individual is like each electrode among the claim 1-3.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said liquid is water, and said processing is to remove pollutent.
9. device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said liquid is waste water, and said processing is to remove pollutent.
10. the method for an operation such as each described device of claim 7-9, it comprises: to said electrode, wherein the current density in external anode zone is to surpass 10A.m from power supply supply electric current
-2, the voltage change between any 2 on the electrode is lower than 200mV thus.
11. an on-site soil remedial systems wherein is equipped with like each electrode among the claim 1-3.
12. a device that carries out the reaction of redox type wherein is equipped with like each electrode among the claim 1-3.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9915420.5 | 1999-07-01 | ||
| GB9915420A GB9915420D0 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 1999-07-01 | Electrode |
| GB9917015.1 | 1999-07-20 | ||
| GB9917015A GB2351739B (en) | 1999-07-01 | 1999-07-20 | Electrode |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00809912A Division CN1359431A (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2000-07-03 | Electrode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101135057A CN101135057A (en) | 2008-03-05 |
| CN101135057B true CN101135057B (en) | 2012-02-01 |
Family
ID=10856443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100917608A Expired - Fee Related CN101135057B (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2000-07-03 | Electrode |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101135057B (en) |
| GB (2) | GB9915420D0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1120294A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2247175C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2511266C1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-04-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Челябинская государственная агроинженерная академия" | Device for cleaning agricultural soil from pesticides |
| CN103046071B (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-02-18 | 苏州市启扬商贸有限公司 | Ion membrane electrolysis unit tank |
| RU2538106C2 (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2015-01-10 | Юрий Константинович Курчаков | Electrolyser-neutraliser of dissociated contaminations |
| CN104451795B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2017-07-28 | 贵州红林机械有限公司 | A kind of electrodeposited chromium device for step-like inner hole part |
| US20190338429A1 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-11-07 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode for electrolysis |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4422917A (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1983-12-27 | Imi Marston Limited | Electrode material, electrode and electrochemical cell |
| US4486288A (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1984-12-04 | Linder Bjoern H | Oxide anode for use in impressed current cathodic corrosion protection |
| CN1212735A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1999-03-31 | 阿特拉沃达有限公司 | Electrochemical method and electrode |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2863819A (en) * | 1955-08-25 | 1958-12-09 | Herman S Preiser | Insoluble trailing anode for cathodic protection of ships |
| US4033849A (en) * | 1975-05-09 | 1977-07-05 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Electrode and apparatus for forming the same |
| US4154667A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-05-15 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Method of converting box anodes to expandable anodes |
| US4388162A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1983-06-14 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Continuous flow electrochemical cell and process |
| US4710644A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1987-12-01 | Corrpro Companies, Inc. | Replaceable deep anode system |
| DE3541845C1 (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1987-01-08 | Heraeus Elektroden | Tubular electrode for electrolytic processes |
| AT390274B (en) * | 1988-03-15 | 1990-04-10 | Steininger Karl Heinz | ELECTRODE |
| US5584975A (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1996-12-17 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Tubular electrode with removable conductive core |
-
1999
- 1999-07-01 GB GB9915420A patent/GB9915420D0/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-07-20 GB GB9917015A patent/GB2351739B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-03 RU RU2002102499A patent/RU2247175C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-03 CN CN2007100917608A patent/CN101135057B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-08-29 HK HK08109612A patent/HK1120294A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4422917A (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1983-12-27 | Imi Marston Limited | Electrode material, electrode and electrochemical cell |
| US4486288A (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1984-12-04 | Linder Bjoern H | Oxide anode for use in impressed current cathodic corrosion protection |
| CN1212735A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1999-03-31 | 阿特拉沃达有限公司 | Electrochemical method and electrode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9917015D0 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
| GB2351739A (en) | 2001-01-10 |
| GB2351739B (en) | 2004-01-21 |
| RU2247175C2 (en) | 2005-02-27 |
| CN101135057A (en) | 2008-03-05 |
| GB9915420D0 (en) | 1999-09-01 |
| HK1120294A1 (en) | 2009-03-27 |
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