CN101125280A - Biotrickling filter for treating volatile organic waste gas - Google Patents
Biotrickling filter for treating volatile organic waste gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a BTF used for dealing with the volatile waste gas, belonging to the field of treatment of the volatile waste gas, which aims at solving the problems that the prior BTF has uneven air flow distribution and biomass distribution, high center gas speed and voltage drop, and the prior BTF is easy to be blocked. The technic proposal is that: the volatile waste gas passes through an intake pipe (1) and then comes into a biofilter (22), and then being drained away by an exhaust pipe (9) after having the processes of degradation and purification; a nutrient solution (11) comes into the biofilter (22) through a nutrient solution shower (18) and a dropwise adding distributor device (19) having fixed quantities at fixed time; the present invention is characterized in that adopting a light and cheap packing (4) with different grain diameters, the biofilter (22) takes a homocentric column shape sleeve structure , the grain diameters of the filled packing (4) from the center to the edge are distributed from small to big, the centre area is filled with the packing (4) with small grain diameters, the ring area of the around close walls is filled with the packing (4) of big grain diameters. The present invention makes the distribution of the biomass in the biofilter even, thereby fully utilizing the useful space of the biofilter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Biotrickling filter of handling volatile organic waste gas, belong to the process field of volatile organic waste gas.
Background technology
(Volatile Organic Compounds is a big class gaseous organic pollutant VOCs) to VOC, mainly is meant at normal temperatures saturated vapour pressure approximately greater than 70Pa, and boiling point is less than 260 ℃ organic compound under the normal pressure.VOCs is of a great variety, and it is wide to distribute, and toxicity is big.The VOCs source exhaust gas is extensive, the part come from large-scale stationary source (as petrochemical industry, waste water disposal facility, pharmacy etc., the leakage at valve, pump place, the storage of low boiling organic compound, transportation etc.; In a large number from the vehicles, electroplate, spray paint and institute's exhaust gas discharged such as organic solvent use, have pollute wide, large-minded, characteristics such as concentration is low.Under the intense UV rays effect, photochemical reaction takes place in VOCs and nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon etc., generates photochemical fog; The infrared ray that absorbs terrestrial surface radiation causes greenhouse effects; Halohydrocarbon VOCs also can damage the ozone layer and form the ozone cavity; Some VOCs also has three causing property (carcinogenic, aberration inducing, mutagenesis, toxicity, foul smell in addition.The VOCs exhaust emission is increasingly extensive, is on the rise.It not only serious harm existent environment of people, and all the time do not encroaching on human healthy.
Bioanalysis is a kind of processing method of rising over nearly 20 years, being directed to this class had not only had the purified treatment of the industrial low concentration VOCs waste gas of recovery value but also serious environment pollution, mainly, the VOCs in the waste gas is converted into simple inorganic matter (CO by the metabolic activity of microorganism
2, the process of water etc. and cell component.Bioanalysis can be divided into biological washing method, biofiltration process and bio-trickling method.The bio-trickling method has been improved some problems that the traditional biological filtration method is in operation and runs into, as filler degraded need to upgrade, acidifying causes that pH value reduces, waste gas humidity is low makes filler mummification etc., becomes a kind of VOCs purification method that Recent study is enlivened the most.
The equipment that the bio-trickling method generally adopts is vertical type cylinder shape bio-trickling filter, drip the porous aggregate bed that has certain altitude in the filter tower, nutrient solution gets off from the top spray that drips the filter tower filler, and flow through the filler that drips filter tower step by step, need purifying exhaust air to enter by dripping filter tower bottom or top, liquid and gas can flow in the mode of adverse current or following current contact in the packed bed of porous, and the waste gas after the purification is discharged at the bottom of by cat head or tower.The biology of apposition growth as carbon source, carries out self growth and breeding with nutrient solution as nitrogenous source with VOCs on the filler.Filler is the medium of microorganism existence and growth, and it has determined the complexity of microorganism colonization and the quality of biomembrane performance.Whether easily the specific area of filler, voidage are relevant with the biomass of unit volume bed, also directly affect whole bed pressure drop and problem such as obstruction.More priorly be, the gaseous contaminant degraded will be experienced a gas phase to liquid phase or biophasic transmittance process, and the specific area of filler has determined gas phase and liquid phase or biophasic interfacial area, thereby transmittance process is had a significant impact.
The different filler of employings such as the Wei Zaishan of domestic Kunming University of Science and Technology is studied, and the result shows that the purifying property of seven kinds of fillers is in proper order: marine alga stone＞lightweight pottery piece＞haydite＞porcelain ring＞stainless steel ring＞cinder＞plastic hoop.The Qiang of Tongji University is peaceful, season Lee etc. relatively sticks media such as active carbon, polyethylene multiaspect bead, slag by dynamic condition biofilm and static degradation curve to be studied as the performance of gaseous state bio-trickling filter bio-carrier material silk screen, fiber, the result shows: it is big that silk screen and the fiber with screen net structure stick active carbon biofilm amount, degradation capability is strong, the degradation property of multiaspect bead takes second place, and slag is the poorest.The Wang Feng births of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology etc. have obtained good clean-up effect with two kinds of different haydites as the dimethylbenzene waste gas that the bio-trickling bed fillers purifies low concentration, illustrate that haydite is that bioanalysis is handled the discarded ideal filler of dimethylbenzene.External Sorial has tested two kinds of artificial synthetic carrier performances with dripping filter tower by experiment, a kind of is Monolithic Channelized Medium (MCM), another kind is PelletizedCeramic Medium (PCM), draws PCM at last and is more suitable for conclusion as filler.
As from the foregoing, concentrate in preferred, the performance test research of filler about the research of filler at present both at home and abroad, the type of feed of bio-trickling inner-tower filling material and the utmost point of filler sizes are joined and are not appeared in the newspapers.The patent of some relevant bio-trickling filters is disclosed in recent years, but the filling of bio-trickling inner-tower filling material great majority adopt the mode of evenly loading in the single packed tower, patent 200510095104.6 is disclosed a kind ofly to be used for removing in the bio-trickling filter of air odorant pollutant, adopt two kinds of specification fillers to fill and dripped filter tower, granular filler from the bottom to top loading distributes from big to small, has solved filter tower bottom excessive loads, the too much problem of biofilm biomass accumulation to a certain extent.But because gas is entered by the filter tower bottom, nutrient solution is added by the top, can there be bottom carbon source abundance, the problem of top nitrogenous source abundance, thus cause the top resistance far above base drag, influence the distribution of air-flow in filter tower, be unfavorable for purifying the discharge of back gas.
For cylindrical filter tower, it is equally distributed that air-flow is distributed in entry zone, and along with along the moving of axis direction, gas flow rate can present the central area height, the low parabola uneven distribution phenomenon near all around wall circular zone, the flow velocity maximum (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) on the central axis.Flow velocity problem pockety can cause nutrient solution to form wall stream, plume on this gas cross section, thereby cause gas-liquid distribution in the filter tower, humidity and biomass skewness, effectively reduce in the degraded space, influenced its removal effect, pressure drop height, susceptible to plugging problem have been produced, the existence of these problems has increased equipment volume and investment cost, makes troubles to operational administrative, has limited the further application of bio-trickling filter in industrial reality greatly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of Biotrickling filter of handling volatile organic waste gas, it is filler that this device adopts lightweight expansion potter's clay particle, the utmost point of filler sizes of advancing on the gas cross section of going forward side by side is joined, can solve the uneven problem of distribution of gas on the gas cross section to a certain extent, improved effective degraded space, had the advantages that pressure drop is low, biomass is evenly distributed.
A kind of Biotrickling filter of handling volatile organic waste gas comprises that air inlet pipe 1, bio-trickling filter 22, nutrient solution automatic ration feedway 17, nutrient solution shower 18, nutrient solution drip distribution apparatus 19, U type liquid sealing pipe 3, backwash air inlet pipe 6, backwash feed tube 7, counter-flushing liquid discharge pipe 8 and blast pipe 9; Bio-trickling filter 22 inner fillings can attached biological film porous aggregate 4, air inlet pipe 1 is positioned at the bottom of bio-trickling filter 22, blast pipe 9 is positioned at top one side of bio-trickling filter 22, nutrient solution shower 18 and nutrient solution drip the top that distribution apparatus 19 is positioned at bio-trickling filter 22, U type liquid sealing pipe 3 is positioned at the bottom of bio-trickling filter 22, nutrient solution automatic ration feedway 17 is connected to form successively by liquid reserve tank 5, water pump 13, constant volume device 16 and magnetic valve 15, link to each other with U type liquid sealing pipe 3 by liquid reserve tank 5, link to each other with nutrient solution shower 18 by magnetic valve 15; It is characterized in that: bio-trickling filter 22 packing layers are the concentric cylindrical telescoping structure, the ascending distribution of particle diameter of the filler 4 that is loaded from the center to the edge, central area filling small particle size filler 4, near all around wall circular zone filling large particle size filler 4.Gas flow rate u is central axis Peak Flow Rate u
Max/ 2nd (u
Max/ 2) locate maximum magnitude, calculate the radius 0＜r≤0.707r0 of central area according to the hydrodynamics formula into central area in the tower.
Described filler 4 is a lightweight expansion potter's clay particle.
Described backwash air inlet pipe 6 is positioned at the below of backwash feed tube 7, even perforate on the pipe, and backwash air inlet pipe 6 percent openings are higher than backwash feed tube 7.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) for cylindrical filter tower, it is equally distributed that air-flow is distributed in entry zone, and along with along the moving of axis direction, gas flow rate can present the central area height, the low parabola uneven distribution phenomenon in nearly mural margin zone.On the type of feed of filler, take the big or small utmost point to join, central area filling small particle size filler, behind the near all around wall circular zone filling large particle size filler, the fluid resistance of central area is greater than nearly wall circular zone, thereby air inlet cross section overdraught is evenly distributed, avoid the problem of nutrition liquid wall stream, plume, make the interior biomass distribution of filter tower more even, thereby made full use of the useful space of bio-trickling filter.
(2) select for use lightweight expansion potter's clay particle as filler, the porosity height when having certain mechanical strength and retentiveness, also has good retentiveness, can reduce the adding of nutrient solution, reduces cost.Have suspension simultaneously, help backwash, can adhere to more biomembranous growth, cheap.
(3) backwashing time is one of important operation index of bio-trickling filter, is determined by backwash mode.Filter tower is provided with the air-water backwashing system among the present invention, and the backwash air inlet pipe is positioned at the below of backwash feed tube, and drainage pattern is for hybrid fully, the dirt on the filler is peeled off the speed of getting off much larger than independent speed during with water backwashing.Height by backwash air inlet pipe and backwash feed tube percent opening simultaneously, intensity and the speed that can effectively regulate gas backwash and water backwashing reach the speed constant and the backwashing time of best removal dirt, cut down the consumption of energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is air inlet kernel of section zone and near wall circular area schematic all around.
Among the figure: the shadow region is the central area, white space be around nearly wall circular zone.
R-central area radius; r
0-filter tower radius
Fig. 2 is a gas flow rate distribution schematic diagram in the tower.
Among the figure: the u-gas flow rate; u
Max-central axis Peak Flow Rate
Fig. 3 handles the Biotrickling filter structural representation of volatile organic waste gas for the present invention.
Among the figure: the 1-air inlet pipe; The 2-sample tap; 3-U type liquid sealing pipe; The 4-filler; The 5-liquid reserve tank; 6-backwash air inlet pipe; 7-backwash feed tube; The 8-valve; The 9-blast pipe; 10-counter-flushing liquid discharge pipe; The 11-nutrient solution; 12-backwash buffering area; The 13-water pump; The 14-feed tube; The 15-magnetic valve; 16-constant volume device; 17-nutrient solution automatic ration feed system; 18-nutrient solution shower; The 19-water-locator; 20-micro computer time controller; The 21-return duct; The 22-bio-trickling filter
Fig. 4 moves the situation of handling volatile organic waste gas continuously for Biotrickling filter.
Fig. 5 is the biomass distribution situation of each section packing layer unit mass filler adheres growth.
Among the figure: packing layer is divided into one, two, three, four section in accordance with the order from top to bottom, each section central area and nearly wall circular zone respectively with in one, one outer, in two, two outer, in three, three outer, four interior, represent all round
The specific embodiment
The Biotrickling filter of processing volatile organic waste gas shown in Figure 3 is made up of air inlet pipe 1, bio-trickling filter 22, nutrient solution automatic ration feedway 17, nutrient solution shower 18, water-locator 19, U type liquid sealing pipe 3 and blast pipe 9.This Biotrickling filter overall appearance is a vertical type cylinder shape turriform, air inlet pipe 1 is positioned at bio-trickling filter 22 bottoms one side, blast pipe 9 is positioned at bio-trickling filter 22 tops one side, on air inlet pipe 1, bio-trickling filter 22 1 sides, blast pipe 9, be respectively arranged with sample tap 2, the effect of playing is that temperature before and after handling property, pressure drop and the reactor that can measure this bio-trickling device timely and accurately, humidity change, thereby helps controlling the operation of this bio-trickling device.Being filled with in bio-trickling filter 22 inside can the biomembranous porous aggregate 4 of apposition growth, be positioned at the nutrient solution shower 18 and the water-locator 19 on bio-trickling filter 22 tops, both can be more effective even cloth liquid, can also be used to solving and prevent that gas is from this problem of top short circuit, the seal of assurance device.Bio-trickling filter 22 bottoms are connected with U type liquid sealing pipe 3, U type liquid sealing pipe 3 one ends are immersed in the liquid reserve tank 5, liquid reserve tank 5, water pump 13, constant volume device 16 is connected successively with magnetic valve 15, formed nutrient solution automatic ration feedway 17, liquid reserve tank 12 links to each other with water pump 13 imports, water pump 13 outlets link to each other with constant volume device 16 tops by feed tube 14, constant volume device 16 bottoms link to each other with magnetic valve 15, magnetic valve links to each other with the nutrient solution shower 18 that is positioned at bio-trickling filter 22 tops, be provided with the control that micro computer time controller 20 carries out water pump 13 and magnetic valve 15, constant volume device 16 sides are provided with nutrient solution return duct 21 and communicate with liquid reserve tank 5, convenient operation and management, controlled the temperature in the reactor body preferably, humidity and biomembranous accumulation have guaranteed the stability of reactor long-time running handling property.
Volatile organic waste gas is successively by air inlet pipe 1, entered in the bio-trickling filter 22 by bottom one side, in bio-trickling filter 22, be filled with the porous aggregate 4 that can adhere to biology with degradation capability, nutrient solution 11 provides this required nitrogenous source of growth of microorganism with degradation capability, the nutrient solution automatic ration feedway 17 of nutrient solution 11 by connecting to form successively by liquid reserve tank 12, water pump 13, constant volume device 16 and magnetic valve 15, self-timing flow through quantitatively nutrient solution shower 18, water-locator 19 finally enter into bio-trickling filter 22.Water pump 13 is controlled by micro computer time controller 20 automatically with the open and close of magnetic valve 15, water pump 13 is opened back nutrient solution 11 and is entered in the constant volume device 16 by top by feed tube 14, when nutritious liquid 11 flows out in the return duct 21, water pump 13 cuts out automatically, magnetic valve 15 is opened automatically then, nutrient solution 11 with certain volume just has been added drop-wise in the bio-trickling filter 22 equably by nutrient solution shower 18, water-locator 19, and magnetic valve 15 cuts out automatically.Nutrient solution splashes in the bio-trickling filter 22 from top to bottom equably, with the volatile organic waste gas counter current contacting that enters into bio-trickling filter 22 from bottom to top, attached to the microorganism that has degradation capability on the porous aggregate 4 with nutrient solution 11 and volatile organic waste gas as the needed matrix of self growth and breeding, so, pollutant in the waste gas has obtained degraded, is discharged by blast pipe 9.
Handle certain volatile organic waste gas, wherein toluene concentration is 1005-1466mg/m
3, the time of staying in this Biotrickling filter is 86.4s.Temperature changes with variation of ambient temperature, and excursion is 17-28 ℃, and inlet concentration fluctuates within the specific limits.Bio-trickling filter is made by lucite tube, packing layer is divided into four sections, establish respectively with the concentric cylindrical shell of filter tower as the central area, the central area radius is 0.707 times of filter tower radius, central area filling diameter is the lightweight expansion potter's clay particle of Φ 8-9mm, and near all around wall circular zone filling diameter is the lightweight expansion potter's clay particle of Φ 5-6mm.
The lightweight expansion potter's clay particle of the plantation flowers and plants that employing is bought from market is as filler, and is cheap.This filling surface is coarse, and microcellular structure is abundant, proportion is little, be beneficial to growth of microorganism breeding, low price, has the height moisture retention.The filler outward appearance is spherical, bronzing.Be divided into two kinds of 8-9mm and Φ 5-6mm.Voidage is 72% and 80%; Bulk density is respectively 0.36kg/m
3And 0.46kg/m
3Specific area is respectively 257m
2/ m
3And 221m
2/ m
3Specific retention is all about 30.8%.
The biomembrane bacterium source that filling surface adheres to is a pseudomonas putida.To prepare bacteria suspension and splash in the filler 4, the beginning microbe inoculation regularly splashes into nutrient solution in bio-trickling filter 22, feed waste gas simultaneously in bio-trickling filter 22.Bacterial adhesion in the bacteria suspension begins growth and breeding at filling surface, and forms biomembrane gradually, by regularly carrying out the toluene concentration analytical test from sample tap 2 samplings, to remove the detergent power that efficient reflects system.
Figure 4 shows that Biotrickling filter moves the situation of handling volatile organic waste gas continuously.Bacterium adds the initial stage, the startup stage that whole system being in biofilm, continuous breeding growth along with microorganism, filling surface engenders the milky biomembrane, and color is deepened gradually, is faint yellow, shown in figure four, the removal efficient of this Biotrickling filter reached 84% at the 7th day, and the continuation increase reaches stable by 21% increase gradually that starts the 1st day, removing efficient maintains more than 91%, biofilm starts to be finished, and biofilm is very fast start-up time, and a wheat harvesting period is in service continuously afterwards, the device handling property is comparatively stable, volatile organic waste gas is handled in operation continuously, and it on average removes efficient is 94%, and the maximum removal of unit volume filler load-bearing capacity is 115.7g/m
3H, the detected toluene concentration of exit gas all is lower than " discharge standard of air pollutants " (GB16297-1996) maximal emission of middle regulation.
Figure 5 shows that the biomass distribution situation of each section packing layer unit mass filler adheres growth.The inhomogeneous meeting that biomass distributes causes the treating apparatus reduction in space of effectively degrading, thereby causes the huge of equipment volume, increases investment operating cost.Measured the biofilm biomass of each section packing layer central area and near wall circular area unit quality filler adheres growth all around in bio-trickling bed operating Ahau.Can see that by figure five biomembrane distributes comparatively evenly in each section packing layer, not have the comparatively big gap of appearance.Show, on the type of feed of filler, take the big or small utmost point to join, air inlet cross section overdraught is evenly distributed, avoid the problem of nutrition liquid wall stream, plume, make the interior biomass distribution of treatment facility more even, thereby made full use of the useful space of treatment facility.
When stopping up, appearance influences the filter tower handling property, be provided with the air-water backwashing system, backwash air inlet pipe and backwash feed tube are positioned at the bio-trickling tower bottom, and the backwash air inlet pipe is positioned at the below of backwash feed tube, and evenly perforate, height by backwash air inlet pipe and backwash feed tube percent opening, the percent opening of backwash air inlet pipe is 1.5 times of backwash feed tube, reached the speed constant of best removal dirt, the intensity and the speed of gas backwash and water backwashing have been regulated effectively, backwashing time only needs 5min, has reduced energy consumption.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment; as long as carrying out the utmost point of filler sizes in the bio-trickling filter on the air inlet cross section joins; central area filling small particle size filler, near all around wall circular zone filling large particle size filler all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a Biotrickling filter of handling volatile organic waste gas comprises that air inlet pipe (1), bio-trickling filter (22), nutrient solution automatic ration feedway (17), nutrient solution shower (18), nutrient solution drip distribution apparatus (19), U type liquid sealing pipe (3), backwash air inlet pipe (6), backwash feed tube (7), counter-flushing liquid discharge pipe (8) and blast pipe (9); The inner filling of bio-trickling filter (22) can attached biological film porous aggregate (4), air inlet pipe (1) is positioned at the bottom of bio-trickling filter (22), blast pipe (9) is positioned at top one side of bio-trickling filter (22), nutrient solution shower (18) and nutrient solution drip the top that distribution apparatus (19) is positioned at bio-trickling filter (22), U type liquid sealing pipe (3) is positioned at the bottom of bio-trickling filter (22), nutrient solution automatic ration feedway (17) is by liquid reserve tank (5), water pump (13), constant volume device (16) and magnetic valve (15) connect to form successively, link to each other with U type liquid sealing pipe (3) by liquid reserve tank (5), link to each other with nutrient solution shower (18) by magnetic valve (15); It is characterized in that: bio-trickling filter (22) packing layer is the concentric cylindrical telescoping structure, the ascending distribution of particle diameter of the filler that from the center to the edge, is loaded (4), central area filling small particle size filler (4), near all around wall circular zone filling large particle size filler (4).
2. according to the described a kind of Biotrickling filter of handling volatile organic waste gas of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described filler (4) is a lightweight expansion potter's clay particle.
3. according to the described a kind of Biotrickling filter of handling volatile organic waste gas of claim 1, it is characterized in that: backwash air inlet pipe (6) is positioned at the below of backwash feed tube (7), even perforate on the pipe, backwash air inlet pipe (6) percent opening is higher than backwash feed tube (7).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101189472A CN100500269C (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2007-06-15 | Biotrickling filter for treating volatile organic waste gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101189472A CN100500269C (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2007-06-15 | Biotrickling filter for treating volatile organic waste gas |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101125280A true CN101125280A (en) | 2008-02-20 |
| CN100500269C CN100500269C (en) | 2009-06-17 |
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| CN101804300A (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-18 | 盐城盐工环境科技有限公司 | Combined bio-trickling filter linkage organic waste gas treatment equipment |
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| CN103816797B (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-04-06 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of biodegradable method of strengthening hydrophobicity toluene |
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| CN117101397A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 烟台中蓝环境科技有限公司 | Biological trickling filter |
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