CN101113596A - Elastica loading unit capable of simulating formation resistance capability - Google Patents
Elastica loading unit capable of simulating formation resistance capability Download PDFInfo
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- CN101113596A CN101113596A CNA2006100293099A CN200610029309A CN101113596A CN 101113596 A CN101113596 A CN 101113596A CN A2006100293099 A CNA2006100293099 A CN A2006100293099A CN 200610029309 A CN200610029309 A CN 200610029309A CN 101113596 A CN101113596 A CN 101113596A
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- spring
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- load
- bar
- dowel
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an elastic loading device that is applied to testing underground structural mechanical property and can simulate strata resistance, comprising a fixed base, a loading joint and an elastic device. The elastic device consists of a dowel, a spring and a loading rod; the rear end of the dowel is connected with the loading joint and the front end is connected with the loading rod by the spring. A displacement meter is connected between the fixed seat and the loading rod. Compared with the prior art, the loading device and method of the invention can not only simulate the function of strata resistance, thereby reflecting the stress state of the structure under the ground more really, but also can obtain the right deformation of the structure at any moment and the loading that is actually imposed on the structure only by continuous recording the reading of the displacement meter when in use due to the skillful using of the property of the spring.. Meanwhile, due to the buffer action of the spring device, the loading device can conveniently load on the structure in the high temperature experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rig, specifically, relate to a kind of charger that is used for experimental field descending structural mechanical property.
Background technology
The stratum is the source of load for underground structure, also can produce effect of contraction (stratum drag) to the distortion of structure simultaneously.Particularly because the stratum is made up of the soil body that can be out of shape with certain rigidity, then when underground structure because distortion, generation is when the movement tendency of soil body side, structure applies active force to the soil body, compressive strain can take place in the soil body.Simultaneously, the soil body is because compressive strain can produce effect of contraction to structure conversely, and the continuation distortion of restraining structure also is the stratum drag.Therefore, in underground engineering field, to being embedded in underground structure in the stratum when carrying out mechanical property test, need to consider the interaction (stratum drag) of structure and ground interlayer, with the mechanics reaction of simulate formation structure reality.
At present, when carrying out structural test, normally adopt jack directly to load.As shown in Figure 1, be loaded as example with 4, loading method normally utilizes the jack (comprising a holder 1 and a loading head 2) of rigidity directly underground structure to be loaded from four direction, and this charger and loading method are all on the books in following document:
[1] Yao Zhengang, Liu Zuhua writes. Architectural Structure Experimentation. and Shanghai: publishing house of Tongji University, 1996.
[2] He Yingjie, Zhang Shuqin, Lu Kingdom's beam. wear outer lining associating force structure model investigation [J] in the yellow tunnel. institute of Changjiang Academy of sciences newspaper, 2002, increase 19:P64-67.
[3] Wang Rulu, Song Bo, Wang Qi, Zheng Bin. test of the double-O-tube shield tunnel lining cutting staggered joint erection domain and structural analysis [J]. underground construction and tunnel, 2001, (1): P12-15, P21.
[4] Wang Huayi. tunnel lining model testing [J]. tunnel collected translation, 1994, (3): P58-60.
The stress that this charger and method are used to simulate superstructure is rational.But, when being used for the stress of simulate formation structure, but can not reflect stratum and interstructural interaction, can not embody the distinctive load of this underground structure of stratum drag source.Summary is got up, and existing charger and method are used for existing when underground structure loads following shortcoming and deficiency:
(1) because jack rigidity is big, make structure to be out of shape; Simultaneously, even the withdrawal jack makes structure to be out of shape, but structure does not but have corresponding soil body drag to be applied on the structure in distortion, does not meet the interactional actual conditions of the stratum and the soil body.
(2) structure in the time of can not be directly to hot test loads.If the structure when being used for to hot test loads, then need jack is taked the cooling protection measure, could guarantee the correctness of loading, increased experimentation cost and workload.
(3) function singleness can not obtain the distortion of load(ing) point place structure simultaneously.Obtain the distortion of load(ing) point place structure if desired, need the extra measuring point of arranging.Simultaneously, in some cases, because jack and the interference of distortion measuring point on the locus make the test distortion not realize.
(4) can easily not obtain the actual structural load that is applied to.Obtain the actual structural load that is applied to if desired, then need to arrange dynamometer in addition, increased the workload and the cost of test.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provide a kind of can the simulated formation drag, simultaneously can the measurement structure distortion and the charger of load size.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: but a kind of elasticity charger of simulated formation drag, comprise holder and loading head, also has an elastic device, described elastic device comprises dowel bar, spring and load bar, the rear end of dowel bar is connected with loading head, and the front end of dowel bar is connected with load bar by spring, is connected with displacement meter between holder and load bar.
Charger of the present invention is compared with conventional device, and the advantage of following several aspects is arranged:
(1) owing between loading head and structure, be provided with elastic device, effect that can the simulated formation drag, thereby the stress of reaction structure when underground more realistically.Simultaneously, can simulate stratum and interstructural interaction by adjusting spring rate with different coefficient of subgrade reaction.
When (2) using, only need the reading of recording occurring continuously displacement meter, the distortion and the practical function that just can obtain the structure of any time accurately arrive structural payload values.
(3) because the buffer action of elastic device, the structure in the time of can be easily to hot test loads.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, the front end of described dowel bar also is provided with one section guide peg, and the center of load bar is provided with pilot hole and described guide peg is slidingly matched, and described spring housing is in the outside of guide peg.This structure can make between dowel bar and the load bar and lead mutually, guarantees effective transmission of load, improves the stability of device.
Another kind as technique scheme improves, and also is connected with the scale cuing scale between described dowel bar and the load bar.This cuing scale utilizes this deflection can indicate the size of initial load easily, and need not to arrange in addition dynamometer in order to the deflection of indication spring.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 utilizes existing charger structure to be carried out the schematic diagram (being loaded as example with 4) of load test.
Fig. 2 utilizes charger of the present invention structure to be carried out the schematic diagram (being loaded as example with 4) of load test.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of elasticity charger of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be utilize charger of the present invention to structure load, the schematic diagram of measurement structure distortion and load size.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, elasticity charger of the present invention comprises a jack, which is provided with holder 1 and loading head 2, elastic device is made of dowel bar 3, spring 4 and load bar 5, the rear end of dowel bar 3 is connected with loading head 2, the front end of dowel bar 3 is connected with load bar 5 by spring 4, in order to lead and to be convenient to the installation of spring, the front end of the dowel bar 3 one section guide peg 31 that is connected, the center of load bar 5 is provided with pilot hole 51 and is slidingly matched with described guide peg 31, spring 4 be enclosed within the outside of guide peg 31 and be compressed in dowel bar 3 and load bar 5 between.On holder 1, dowel bar 3 and load bar 5, fix a fixed mount 9 respectively, wherein be connected with scale cuing scale 6 between two fixed mounts 9 on load bar 5 and the dowel bar 3, be used to indicate the decrement of spring 4; Be connected with displacement meter 7 by connecting rod 8 between two fixed mounts 9 of holder 1 and load bar 5, displacement meter 7 can show the displacement of load bar 5 with respect to holder 1, and this displacement is the deflection of structure after loading just.As shown in Figure 2, because the existence of elastic device, when using this charger, structure can be out of shape to the stratum side, in distortion,, simulated of the constraint of stratum drag preferably to malformation owing to the compression spring is subjected to extra acting force of the spring (being the stratum drag).
In order to be expressly understood elasticity charger of the present invention, below its action principle and using method are further specified.
The initial load that need apply structure in the hypothesis test is P
0, then in order to reach this payload values, make jack pressurization compression spring, utilize scale cuing scale 6 to make the initial compression amount of spring be Δ
10(this moment is actual to be applied to structural load and to be initial design values P
0):
Δ
10＝P
0/K (1)
In the formula, the rigidity of K-spring.
Simultaneously, owing to structure has been applied initial load P by the compression spring
0, then the initial deformation of the structure that causes of this load is a Δ
20, Δ
20Can try to achieve by following formula:
Δ
20＝U
1-U
10 (2)
In the formula, U
1-when structure having been applied load P by the compression spring
0The time displacement meter 7 reading; U
10The initial reading of-displacement meter 7.Wherein, U
1, U
10Can obtain by displacement meter 7 continuous data record.
Simultaneously, as shown in Figure 4, in process of the test, the distortion Δ of any moment structure
2All can record by displacement meter 7.
When the distortion Δ that has recorded any time structure
2After, according to the initial deformation Δ of spring
10, structure the initial deformation Δ
20Can obtain the distortion Δ of any time spring easily
1:
Δ
1＝Δ
10-(Δ
2-Δ
20) (3)
In the formula, Δ
1-any time spring the distortion Δ
2-any time structure distortion.
According to formula (3), then can try to achieve the spring force P (being practical function load structurally) of any time:
P＝KΔ
1＝K(Δ
10-(Δ
2-Δ
20))＝K(Δ
10+Δ
20-Δ
2) (4)
In the formula, the spring force (being practical function load structurally) of P-any time.
According to formula (4), in the test, when the trend of the oriented stratum of structure side distortion,, can produce incremental deformation (Δ to the stratum side by the compression spring
20-Δ
2); Simultaneously, because structure compression spring makes spring produce compression increment δ=Δ
20-Δ
2, this compression increment makes spring produce elastic force increment δ P=K δ=K (Δ
20-Δ
2) act on structurally, this power is the stratum drag based on the Wen Keer supposition.So just simulate stratum and interstructural interaction, embodied the effect of stratum drag.
Simultaneously, in the test, can record the structure distortion Δ of any time in real time by displacement meter 7
2And according to the malformation Δ that records
2With known spring initial compression amount Δ
10, structure initial deformation Δ
20, substitution formula (4) obtains the actual elastic force (also promptly acting on structural actual loading) of any time spring.
The using method of this charger is: the coefficient of subgrade reaction on Mo Ni stratum as required, selected suitable spring rate K.By the indication of scale cuing scale 6, compression spring 4 makes spring force reach to need in the test load that applies.In loading procedure, the reading of recording occurring continuously displacement meter 7 (comprises initial reading U
10).Like this, not only obtained the distortion of any time structure, simultaneously, can be according to formula (4) in the hope of the actual elastic force (also promptly acting on structural actual loading) of any time spring.In actual the use, each measured value all with the direction shown in Fig. 4 for just; When the practical distortion direction is opposite with direction shown in Fig. 4, then with the negative substitution.
Claims (3)
1. but the elasticity charger of a simulated formation drag, comprise holder (1) and loading head (2), it is characterized in that: also comprise an elastic device, described elastic device comprises dowel bar (3), spring (4) and load bar (5), the rear end of dowel bar (3) is connected with loading head (2), the front end of dowel bar (3) is connected with load bar (5) by spring (4), is connected with displacement meter (7) between holder (1) and load bar (5).
2. but the elasticity charger of simulated formation drag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the front end of described dowel bar (3) also is provided with one section guide peg (31), the center of load bar (5) is provided with pilot hole (51) and is slidingly matched with described guide peg (31), and described spring (4) is enclosed within the outside of guide peg (31).
3. but the elasticity charger of simulated formation drag according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: also be connected with scale cuing scale (6) between described dowel bar (3) and the load bar (5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100293099A CN100523395C (en) | 2006-07-24 | 2006-07-24 | Elastica loading unit capable of simulating formation resistance capability |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100293099A CN100523395C (en) | 2006-07-24 | 2006-07-24 | Elastica loading unit capable of simulating formation resistance capability |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101113596A true CN101113596A (en) | 2008-01-30 |
| CN100523395C CN100523395C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100293099A Expired - Fee Related CN100523395C (en) | 2006-07-24 | 2006-07-24 | Elastica loading unit capable of simulating formation resistance capability |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102426396A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-04-25 | 同济大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating deep-displacement-initiated strata deformation coordination mechanism |
| CN103031859A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 同济大学 | Formation resistance action characteristic simulation test part |
| CN103439250A (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2013-12-11 | 西南交通大学 | Sustainable tracing energy storage type loading device |
| CN103487512A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 同济大学 | Ultrasonic probe pressing fixing device |
| CN106289845A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2017-01-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of Quantitative study tunnel surrounding comes to nothing and the dynamic test device and method softened |
| CN110608053A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-24 | 华东交通大学 | Structure for simulating shield tunnel circumferential weld joint |
-
2006
- 2006-07-24 CN CNB2006100293099A patent/CN100523395C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102426396A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-04-25 | 同济大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating deep-displacement-initiated strata deformation coordination mechanism |
| CN103031859A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 同济大学 | Formation resistance action characteristic simulation test part |
| CN103031859B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2015-02-18 | 同济大学 | Formation resistance action characteristic simulation test part |
| CN103439250A (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2013-12-11 | 西南交通大学 | Sustainable tracing energy storage type loading device |
| CN103487512A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 同济大学 | Ultrasonic probe pressing fixing device |
| CN103487512B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-06-24 | 同济大学 | Ultrasonic probe pressing fixing device |
| CN106289845A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2017-01-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of Quantitative study tunnel surrounding comes to nothing and the dynamic test device and method softened |
| CN106289845B (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2018-08-28 | 中南大学 | A kind of dynamic test device and method that Quantitative study tunnel surrounding comes to nothing with softening |
| CN110608053A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-24 | 华东交通大学 | Structure for simulating shield tunnel circumferential weld joint |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100523395C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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