CN101113500A - Copper alloy and composite material formed by the alloy - Google Patents
Copper alloy and composite material formed by the alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101113500A CN101113500A CNA2007101386894A CN200710138689A CN101113500A CN 101113500 A CN101113500 A CN 101113500A CN A2007101386894 A CNA2007101386894 A CN A2007101386894A CN 200710138689 A CN200710138689 A CN 200710138689A CN 101113500 A CN101113500 A CN 101113500A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a copper alloy and a compound material formed by the copper alloy. The copper alloy can be used for mould material, heat dispersing material and electrode material which is high in intensity and used for a high electrical conductivity welding device. The alloy contains 5-25 weight percent of Cr, and the rest component is copper; other functions of the copper alloy can be improved by being added with 0.01-0.3 weight percent of Nb or 0.01-0.3 weight percent of Si or 0.01-0.3 weight percent of Mg; the compound material has a core formed by the copper alloy with 5.0-25.0 weight percent of Cr and a peripheral layer arranged at the periphery of the core; the material of the peripheral layer is oxygen-free copper or copper alloy with 0.6-1.2 weight percent of Cr; the ratio of the volume of the core to the whole compound material is 1/10 to 1/3. The compound material can save 10 percent of electricity, improve the number of welding points or welding time and 15 percent of efficiency can be improved in total.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to an Albatra metal-and the matrix material of alloy composition thus, this copper alloy and matrix material are used for the electrode materials on moulding stock, heat sink material, the welding plant.
Background technology
In copper, add a small amount of Cr, reveal high strength, high conductivity and good wear resistance, therefore be used to moulding stock, heat sink material and apply to the electrode materials of the welding plant of high strength, high conduction by the Cr-Cu alloy body after the processing thermal treatment.
But contain the Cr amount not simultaneously in alloy, the electric conductivity of whole alloy is all different with hot strength, does not also have correlative study about this content at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of copper alloy with high conductivity, high machinability.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of matrix material by above-mentioned alloy composition.
In order to reach above purpose, the scheme that the present invention adopts is: an Albatra metal-, and be used for moulding stock, heat sink material and high strength and apply to the electrode materials of the welding plant of high conduction, this copper alloy contains the Cr of 5～25 weight %, and all the other are copper.
Described copper alloy also contains the Nb of 0.01～1.0 weight %.
Described copper alloy also contains the Si of 0.01～0.3 weight %.
Described copper alloy also contains the Mg of 0.005～0.3 weight %.
Described copper alloy also contains the Zr of 0.005～0.3 weight %.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is: the matrix material of an Albatra metal-, form by copper alloy core that constitutes and the outer perisphere that is coated on described core periphery of the Cr that contains 5.0～25.0 weight %; The material of described outer perisphere be oxygen free copper or with the copper alloy that contains 0.6～1.2 weight %Cr; The volume of described core accounts for 1/10～1/3 of whole matrix material volume.
Because adopted above technical scheme, the present invention has obtained following advantage:
This Cu alloy material at high temperature, can keep very high hot strength and electric conductivity, as shown in Figure 9, compared with aluminum oxide dispersion copper (nonmetal-aluminum oxide dispersion of 0.3-1.2 weight % is mixed in the copper), this Cu alloy material has very significantly boring and machinability.In 5-25%Cr-Cu (being expressed as the Cr and the surplus that contain 5～25 weight % is the copper alloy that copper is formed), the hardness of Cr is HV140 to Cr, and good machinability can be arranged with superfine fibrous tissue distribution.
Add the Nb of 0.01～0.3 weight % in the copper alloy, separating out with primary crystal Cr is core, is used for separating out of disperse and refinement Cr thereof.
Add the reductive agent that 0.01～0.3 weight %Si can be used for preventing the Cr oxidation, 2Cr2O3+3Si → 3SiO2+4Cr, by processing thermal treatment, obtain high conductivity, high strength and good wear resistance, can be used for moulding stock, heating unit or be used for the alloy material of the welding robot of high strength, high conduction.
Add 0.03～0.3 weight %Mg, can play the effect that prevents the Cr oxidation, can improve the turning of alloy again significantly.
Add Zr, the intensity of parent phase 0.89%Cr-Cu (being expressed as the Cr and the surplus that contain 0.89 weight % is the copper alloy that copper is formed) is improved, improve tensile strength, and the high thermal resistance of parent phase.
In addition, Cu alloy material of the present invention can obtain following characteristic by processing thermal treatment:
Example: the copper alloy that will contain the Cr of 16 weight % carries out two kinds of following thermal treatments, and its process characteristic the following is final parameter after two kinds of thermal treatments as shown in Figure 8:
During 400 ℃ of * thermal treatment in 1 hour, parameter is as follows:
Tensile strength: 560Mpa
Extend: 15%
Electric conductivity: 75%IACS
During 800 ℃ of * thermal treatment in 1 hour, parameter is as follows:
Tensile strength: 500Mpa
Extend: 25%
Electric conductivity: 74%IACS
Above-mentioned data prove absolutely this Cu alloy material, and at high temperature, intensity reduces ground seldom.
This alloy material can utilize at copper alloy die material, heat sink material (particularly 15%Cr-Cu has high thermal conductivity and low-expansion coefficient)
Cu alloy material utilization of the present invention because of higher heat conductivity is arranged, has been accelerated the cooled and solidified time on moulding stock, shortened the molding time cycle.
Cu alloy material of the present invention is used for various welding plants, example: the conducting rod of welding gun, ignition tip.Because of significant high conductivity, hot strength are arranged, at high temperature, can keep very high welding precision, thereby improve the efficient of welding, also can reach the lightweight of equipment configuration simultaneously.
Therefore can apply to the copper alloy electrode material that mechanical workout requires the various welding plants of more complicated.
In addition, the core that constitutes by the copper alloy of the Cr that contains 5.0～25.0 weight % be coated on the oxygen free copper of described core periphery or contain the copper alloy electrode that matrix material that the copper alloy of 0.6～1.2 weight % forms can be used for welding plant, example: electrode cap, ignition tip, it can save 10% electric current, improve welding and count or weld interval, totally can improve 15% efficient.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is Cr-Cu state graph of the present invention (monotectic reaction);
Accompanying drawing 2 is the Cr-Cu figure of macrostructure of the present invention (amplifying 125 times);
Accompanying drawing 3 is organized photo for the pure Cr phase constitution of primary crystal enlarges;
Accompanying drawing 4 is organized photo for the another expansion of the pure Cr phase of primary crystal;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the pure Cr dispersion tissue figure (amplify 80 times) of copper alloy after carrying out the hot-work processing that contains the Cr of 10 weight %;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the complex tissue figure of copper alloy after carrying out the hot-work processing that contains the Cr of 10 weight %;
Accompanying drawing 7 is the complex tissue figure of copper alloy after carrying out cold work that contains the Cr of 10 weight %;
Mechanical characteristics figure after for the copper alloy processing treatment of the Cr that contains 16 weight % of accompanying drawing 8 [laterally for aging temp (℃), the left side vertically vertically is electric conductivity (%IACS of unit) for Vickers' hardness, right side];
Accompanying drawing 9 is the disperse copper of the aluminum oxide that contains 0.8 weight %, the copper alloy of Cr that contains 14 weight % and the comparison diagram [laterally vertically vertically being electric conductivity (%IACS of unit) for tensile strength (Mpa of unit), right side for Heating temperature (unit ℃), left side] of mechanical characteristics of copper alloy that contains the Cr of 1 weight %
Accompanying drawing 10 be electric conductivity and thermal conductivity concern synoptic diagram { laterally for electric conductivity [%IACS], vertically for thermal conductivity [TC (W/m.K)] };
Embodiment
This Cu alloy material is in Cu, adds the Cr of 5-25 weight %, and the difference according to containing the Cr amount reduces electric conductivity, improves hot strength, and the purposes of the electrode materials of using according to moulding stock, heat sink material and welding material is adjusted the content of Cr.
By Cr that contains 5-25 weight % and surplus is the copper alloy that Cu forms, and there is the distinctive monotectic reaction first phase of this alloy in its cast structure, and the Cr-Cu that promptly pure Cr reaches parent phase 0.89 weight % mutually combines, as shown in Figure 1.
Concrete complete processing is as follows:
→ 900 ℃ of hot extrusion → 900 ℃ sosoloid heat-transmission processing → cold stretching of dissolving casting →
550 ℃ of ageing treatment, its complete processing is comparatively simple.
In Cr-Cu binary copper alloy substrate, the solubleness of Cr is about 0.89%.Belong to be with Nb-Cu system, V-Cu be the Pb-Cu alloy phase with monotectic (monotectic) reaction alloy; This alloy, behind iron mould casting, the first phase solute element of diffusion-precipitation shape, with reference to liquid phase figure shown in Figure 1, the figure of cast structure shown in Fig. 2～4.
The solubleness of Cr in Cu is about 0.89%, the Cr of remaining not solid solution with the disperse of primary crystal state in copper alloy, example: 10%Cr-Cu (being expressed as the Cr and the surplus that contain 10 weight % is the copper alloy that copper is formed) alloy cast ingot is by processing and thermal treatment, produce 9.11% pure Cr phase, and 0.89% Cr copper in solid solution alloy phase, the fiber attitude (composite alloy) of two-phase is shown in accompanying drawing 5～7.
This 2 phase copper alloy is to be that Cu and some unavoidable impurities elements form with Cr:5～25 weight %, surplus, the pure Cr that Cr divides 4.11-24.11 weight % again mutually and the Cr-Cu of about 0.89 weight % mutually.
The melt temperature of pure Cr is 1863 degree, and normal temperature hardness is HV140, about 900 degree of recrystallize softening temperature, and the normal temperature electric conductivity is 13%IACS.0.89%Cr-Cu (being expressed as the Cr and the surplus that contain 0.89 weight % is the copper alloy that copper is formed) hardness at normal temperatures is HV140, and the recrystallize softening temperature is about 400 degree, and the normal temperature electric conductivity is 85%IACS.More than be 75% by the electric conductivity of pure Cr and these 2 kinds of materials that are combined into of 0.89%Cr-Cu, example: 15%Cr-Cu (being expressed as the Cr and the surplus that contain 15 weight % is the copper alloy that copper is formed) is through heat treated 2 phase alloys of processing, normal temperature hardness HV140, about 900 degree of recrystallize softening temperature, almost with the imagination identical, example: during 25%Cr-Cu, electric conductivity is estimated as 85% * 0.74=63%IACS, as shown in figure 10.
Add the Nb of 0.01～0.3 weight % in the copper alloy, separating out with primary crystal Cr is core, is used for separating out of disperse and refinement Cr thereof, but when exceeding 0.3 weight %, can influence electric conductivity.
Above-mentioned be to add the reductive agent that 0.01～0.3 weight %Si is used to prevent the Cr oxidation in the copper alloy formed of Cu by Cr that contains 5-25 weight % and surplus, in this copper alloy, add 0.03～0.3 weight %Mg, the effect that prevents the Cr oxidation can be played, the turning of alloy can be improved again significantly.
In addition, add the Zr of 0.005～0.3 weight %, the intensity of parent phase 0.89%Cr-Cu is improved, improve tensile strength, and the high thermal resistance of parent phase.
For example, an Albatra metal-wherein contains the Cr of 16 weight %, and surplus is Cu.
This copper alloy tensile strength after through 900 ℃ of ageing treatment is: 480Mpa, and electric conductivity can reach 73%IACS, and its mechanical characteristics is as shown in Figure 8.
In addition, the Cu alloy material by the Cr that contains 5～25 weight % is that core and the outer perisphere that is coated on described core periphery are formed; Material that should outer perisphere be have high conductivity oxygen free copper or with the copper alloy that contains 0.6～1.2 weight %Cr; The volume of described core accounts for 1/10～1/3 of whole matrix material volume.
This matrix material is than the Cu alloy material that contains 5～25%Cr fully, and cost is low.This matrix material can be used for the electrode of welding plant, example: electrode cap, ignition tip.Can save 10% electric current, improve welding and count or weld interval, totally can be welding plant and improve 15% efficient.
Claims (6)
1. an Albatra metal-is used for the electrode materials of moulding stock, heat sink material and welding plant, and it is characterized in that: this copper alloy contains the Cr of 5～25 weight %, and all the other are copper.
2. copper alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described copper alloy also contains the Nb of 0.01～1.0 weight %.
3. copper alloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described copper alloy also contains the Si of 0.01～0.3 weight %.
4. copper alloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described copper alloy also contains the Mg of 0.005～0.3 weight %.
5. copper alloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described copper alloy also contains the Zr of 0.005～0.3 weight %.
6. the matrix material of an Albatra metal-is characterized in that: copper alloy core that constitutes and the outer perisphere that is coated on described core periphery by the Cr that contains 5.0～25.0 weight % are formed; The material of described outer perisphere be oxygen free copper or with the copper alloy that contains 0.6～1.2 weight %Cr; The volume of described core accounts for 1/10～1/3 of whole matrix material volume.
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| CNB2007101386894A CN100558921C (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | The matrix material of copper alloy |
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| CNB2007101386894A CN100558921C (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | The matrix material of copper alloy |
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| CN101113500A true CN101113500A (en) | 2008-01-30 |
| CN100558921C CN100558921C (en) | 2009-11-11 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107475559A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-15 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength highly-conductive high thermal stability chrome zirconium copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108048687A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-18 | 中国西电集团公司 | A kind of chromium-zirconium-copper magnesium quaternary alloy wire rod and its manufacturing method |
| CN111440963A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-24 | 中南大学 | High-heat-resistance high-conductivity CuCrNb-based copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-07-31 CN CNB2007101386894A patent/CN100558921C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107475559A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-15 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength highly-conductive high thermal stability chrome zirconium copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107475559B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-06-18 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength highly-conductive high thermal stability chrome zirconium copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108048687A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-18 | 中国西电集团公司 | A kind of chromium-zirconium-copper magnesium quaternary alloy wire rod and its manufacturing method |
| CN111440963A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-24 | 中南大学 | High-heat-resistance high-conductivity CuCrNb-based copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111440963B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-09 | 中南大学 | High-heat-resistance high-conductivity CuCrNb-based copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100558921C (en) | 2009-11-11 |
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