CN101105940A - Audio frequency encoding and decoding quantification method, reverse conversion method and audio frequency encoding and decoding device - Google Patents
Audio frequency encoding and decoding quantification method, reverse conversion method and audio frequency encoding and decoding device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an audio frequency coding quantization method, which includes: dividing the conversion domain signal into one sub-band or above; selecting a companding function to convert each sub-band so as to obtain the conversion coefficient of each sub-band; and quantifying the conversion coefficient of each sub-band. In addition, the invention also discloses a reverse conversion method of audio frequency decoding, which includes: making reverse conversion to each sub-band of the conversion domain signal according to the corresponding companding function in coding. At last, the invention also discloses an audio frequency coding device and an audio frequency decoding device, which, in the light of features of signals and ears, adopt the suitable companding function to convert different parts of each frame signal so as to optimize the coding way and enhance the overall efficiency of audio frequency coding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the audio coding technology, relate in particular to the inverse transform method of quantization method, audio decoder of audio coding and audio coding apparatus, decoding device.
Background technology
At present, audio coding apparatus is made up of four major parts usually, comprising: bank of filters, psychoacoustic model, quantization modules and coding module.Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of a kind of audio coding apparatus of the prior art.
Wherein, the transform domain mapping was mapped as transform domain with the sound signal of importing by time domain when bank of filters was used to carry out, and the transform-domain signals that is shone upon is exported to Bit Allocation in Discrete quantification module.Wherein, transform domain frequency domain is in other words made a general reference the signal indication result that the various transform methods that adopt for the convenience of signal Processing obtain, these transform methods comprise: Fourier transform (FFT), revise discrete cosine transform (MDCT) and wavelet transformation (wavelet) etc.
Psychoacoustic model is used for input signal is analyzed, determine according to the auditory model of people's ear which component can not encoded in the input signal, which component can be encoded etc. with lower precision, and generates control signal and export to Bit Allocation in Discrete and quantize module.
Quantization modules is used for according to information such as the perceptual entropy of making an uproar from covering of the control signal of psychoacoustic model when the transform-domain signals from bank of filters that is received being quantized, and the audio samples signal after quantizing is exported to coding module.
Coding module is used for the audio samples signal of quantization modules output is carried out entropy coding, and generates the code stream of compliant together with the required side information of some decodings.
In addition, audio decoding apparatus is made up of three major parts usually, comprising: decoder module, inverse quantization module and bank of filters.Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of prior art sound intermediate frequency decoding device.
Wherein, decoder module is used for the code stream that is received is decoded, decoded audio samples signal is exported to inverse quantization module, and the side information of will decoding accordingly (as channel number, information such as sampling rate and code table index) offers inverse quantization module, perhaps and bank of filters.
Inverse quantization module is used for according to the decoding side information audio samples signal from decoder module being carried out operations such as inverse quantization, and the transform-domain signals behind the inverse quantization is exported.
Bank of filters is used to receive the transform-domain signals from inverse quantization module, and the anti-time-domain signal that is mapped as of the transform-domain signals that is received is exported.
Wherein, quantization modules utilized unified companding function to carry out conversion to transform-domain signals earlier before transform-domain signals is quantized usually, the coefficient after the conversion was quantized afterwards again.Correspondingly, inverse quantization module also needs to utilize unified companding function to carry out inverse transformation to the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation after the audio samples signal is carried out inverse quantization.During specific implementation, can comprise companding functional transformation submodule in the quantization modules and quantize submodule as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, can comprise inverse quantization submodule and companding function inverse transformation submodule in the inverse quantization module.Wherein, unified companding function adopts f (x)=x usually
3/4In addition, when the companding function adopts f (x)=x, be equivalent to carry out equal interval quantizing, wherein, x is each coefficient in the transform-domain signals.
But because people's ear is different to the sensitivity of different frequency range noise, and after adopting different companding functions to carry out conversion process, the quantization error that the performance of signal and quantizing process are introduced is different, and the bit number that needs of encoding after quantizing also is different.Therefore, whole frame input signal is carried out unified companding functional transformation, can't make full use of the characteristics of signal itself and people's ear, can't effectively improve the whole efficiency of audio coding.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, provide a kind of quantization method and a kind of audio coding apparatus of audio coding in the embodiment of the invention, so that improve the whole efficiency of audio coding.
A kind of inverse transform method and a kind of audio decoding apparatus of audio decoder correspondingly, also are provided in the embodiment of the invention.
The quantization method of the audio coding that provides in the embodiment of the invention comprises: transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband; Select a companding function to carry out conversion respectively to each subband of being divided, obtain the conversion coefficient of each subband; Conversion coefficient to resulting each subband quantizes.
Wherein, describedly transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband is:, transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband according to predefined division information;
Perhaps be: according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband.
Wherein, describedly select a companding function to be transformed to respectively:, to select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion according to the mapping relations information of predefined subband and companding function to each subband of being divided;
Perhaps be: according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the corresponding relation of described signal message and companding function, select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion.
The inverse transform method of the audio decoder that provides in the embodiment of the invention comprises: each subband of the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained, the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding.
The audio coding apparatus that provides in the embodiment of the invention, comprise: bank of filters, psychoacoustic model, quantization modules and coding module, wherein, described quantization modules, be used for to be divided into one or more subband from the transform-domain signals of bank of filters, select a companding function to carry out conversion respectively to each subband of being divided, obtain the conversion coefficient of each subband, conversion coefficient to resulting each subband quantizes, and the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is exported to coding module.
Wherein, quantization modules comprises: sub-band division submodule, companding function chooser module, companding functional transformation submodule and quantification submodule, wherein,
Described sub-band division submodule is used for the transform-domain signals from bank of filters is divided into one or more subband, institute is divided subband export to described companding function chooser module;
Described companding function chooser module, each subband that is used to the sub-band division submodule to be divided is selected a companding function respectively, and each subband and corresponding companding function information thereof are offered described companding functional transformation submodule;
Described companding functional transformation submodule is used to utilize the companding function of each subband correspondence, and respective sub-bands is carried out conversion, obtains the conversion coefficient of each subband, and the conversion coefficient of described each subband is exported to the quantification submodule;
Described quantification submodule is used for the conversion coefficient from described each subband of described companding functional transformation submodule is quantized, and the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is exported to coding module.
Described sub-band division submodule further receives the signal message from described psychoacoustic model, according to the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, carry out describedly will be divided into the operation of one or more subband from the transform-domain signals of bank of filters.
Described companding function chooser module further receives the signal message from described psychoacoustic model, according to the corresponding relation of described signal message and companding function, carry out the operation that described each subband of being divided for the sub-band division submodule is selected a companding function respectively.
The audio decoding apparatus that provides in the embodiment of the invention, comprise: decoder module, inverse quantization module and bank of filters, wherein, described inverse quantization module, after being used for the audio samples signal from decoder module carried out inverse quantization, each subband of the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained, the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported to bank of filters.
Wherein, described inverse quantization module comprises:
The inverse quantization submodule is used for the audio samples signal from decoder module is carried out inverse quantization, and the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization obtains is exported to companding function inverse transform block;
Described companding function inverse transform block is used for each subband to described transform-domain signals, and the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported to bank of filters.
From such scheme as can be seen, in the embodiment of the invention transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband, select a companding function to carry out conversion respectively to each subband of being divided, thereby can make full use of the characteristics of signal and people's ear, to the different piece in every frame signal, adopt suitable companding function to carry out conversion respectively, optimize coded system, improve the whole efficiency of audio coding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art sound intermediate frequency code device;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of prior art sound intermediate frequency decoding device;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the quantization method of embodiment of the invention sound intermediate frequency coding;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment of the invention sound intermediate frequency code device.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the quantization method of embodiment of the invention sound intermediate frequency coding.As shown in Figure 3, this flow process comprises the steps:
In the audio coding process, input signal is mapped as transform domain by time domain after, can in this step transform-domain signals be divided into one or more subband.Wherein, the method for division subband can have multiple.As can transform-domain signals being divided according to predefined division information, also can be according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, transform-domain signals is divided.
For example: utilize people's ear relatively more responsive to the Low Medium Frequency section, and the characteristic not too responsive to high band, can divide by frequency range transform-domain signals, as being divided into high band part and two subbands of low-frequency range part, perhaps be divided into high band part, Mid Frequency part and three subbands of low-frequency range part etc.In addition, other division methods can also be arranged, which kind of specifically adopts according to dividing, can be decided according to the actual requirements, not limit among the present invention.
Wherein, can be according to the statistical law of sound signal, division information such as border when preestablishing the division subband or number can be divided transform-domain signals according to predefined division information afterwards.At this moment, can be in the make an appointment division information of subband of decoding end, then need not that the information of sub-band division is put into code stream behind the coding and transmit, or, need that then the information of sub-band division is put into code stream as side information and transmit in the lump not in the division information of decoding end agreement subband.
Perhaps, also can preestablish the relation of signal message (as the value of each frequency band in the transform domain masking threshold of signal or the transform-domain signals etc.) and sub-band division, afterwards according to the signal message of the present frame of systematic survey, according to the relation of predefined signal message and sub-band division, dynamically transform-domain signals is carried out the division of subband.Wherein, under the situation of dynamically dividing, the information of sub-band division need be put into code stream as side information and transmit in the lump.
The choosing strategy and can have multiplely of concrete companding function, as can be according to the characteristic of coded system, perhaps many-sided factors such as characteristics of binding signal be judged.Concrete which kind of foundation that adopts is chosen, and can be decided according to the actual requirements, and does not limit among the present invention.
Wherein, can be according to the statistical law of signal, preestablish the mapping relations information of subband and companding function, the subband that is what characteristic is corresponding with what companding function, or which subband is corresponding with which companding function etc., as preestablish 2 subbands of system divides, and set the corresponding companding function 2 of 1, the 2 subband of the corresponding companding function of first subband.According to the mapping relations information of predefined subband and companding function, select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion then.At this moment, can be in the make an appointment information of selecting for use of companding function of decoding end, need not when then encoding that the information that the companding function is selected for use is put into code stream transmits, or not in the information of selecting for use of decoding end agreement companding function, the information that then needs the companding function is selected for use is put into code stream as side information and is transmitted in the lump.
Perhaps also can preestablish the corresponding relation of signal message (as the value of each frequency band in the transform domain masking threshold of signal or the transform-domain signals etc.) and companding function, promptly set up the corresponding relation of signal message and companding function and subband characteristic etc., afterwards according to the signal message of the present frame of systematic survey, corresponding relation according to predefined signal message and companding function, dynamic is each subband, chooses suitable companding function and carries out conversion.Wherein, for the situation of choice of dynamical companding function, the information that the companding function need be selected for use is put into code stream as side information and is transmitted in the lump.
Wherein, the process of utilizing the companding function to carry out conversion can be that serial is carried out, and after promptly a sub-band transforms being finished, again another subband is carried out conversion; Perhaps also can be parallel carrying out, promptly simultaneously each subband be carried out conversion.Concrete which kind of mode that adopts can be selected according to actual needs.
In this step, the process that the conversion coefficient of resulting each subband is quantized can be that serial is carried out, promptly to a quantized subband intact after, again another subband is quantized; Perhaps also can be parallel carrying out, promptly simultaneously each subband be quantized.Concrete which kind of mode that adopts can be selected according to actual needs.
Afterwards, the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is carried out cataloged procedures such as entropy coding, and generate the code stream of compliant together with the required side information of some decodings.Equally, cataloged procedures such as entropy coding also can be that serial is carried out, or parallel carrying out.
Correspondingly, to adopting above-mentioned quantization method to quantize the code stream that the back coding generates, can comprise following process in decoding end: the code stream that is received is decoded, decoded audio samples signal is carried out inverse quantization, each subband of the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained, the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the anti-time-domain signal that is mapped as of the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported.
Wherein, if arranged the information of sub-band division in advance in decoding end, when then the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained carries out inverse transformation, can be according to the signal of the sub-band division of prior agreement, obtain the division information of each subband, otherwise can obtain the division information of each subband according to the side information that from code stream, decodes.
Equally, if arranged the information of choosing of companding function in advance in decoding end, when then the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained carries out inverse transformation, can be according to the signal of choosing of the companding function of prior agreement, obtain the companding function information of each subband correspondence, otherwise can obtain the companding function information of each subband correspondence according to the side information that from code stream, decodes.
More than the quantization method of embodiment of the invention sound intermediate frequency coding and the inverse transform method of audio decoder are described in detail, will be described in detail audio coding apparatus in the embodiment of the invention and audio decoding apparatus below.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment of the invention sound intermediate frequency code device.As shown in Figure 4, this device comprises: bank of filters, psychoacoustic model, quantization modules and coding module.
Wherein, the transform domain mapping was mapped as transform domain with the sound signal of importing by time domain when bank of filters was used to carry out, and the transform-domain signals that is shone upon is exported to Bit Allocation in Discrete quantification module.
Psychoacoustic model, be used for input signal is analyzed, determine according to the auditory model of people's ear which component can not encoded in the input signal, which component can be encoded etc. with lower precision, and generates control signal and export to Bit Allocation in Discrete and quantize module.
Quantization modules is used for the transform-domain signals from bank of filters is divided into one or more subband, select a companding function to carry out conversion respectively to each subband of being divided, obtain the conversion coefficient of each subband, conversion coefficient to resulting each subband quantizes, and the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is exported to coding module.Wherein, when the conversion coefficient of resulting each subband is quantized, can carry out according to the information such as perceptual entropy of making an uproar from covering in the control signal of psychoacoustic model when.
Coding module is used for the audio samples signal of quantization modules output is carried out entropy coding, and generates the code stream of compliant together with the required side information of some decodings.
During specific implementation, quantization modules can have multiple way of realization, only enumerates wherein a kind ofly in the present embodiment, and the specific implementation of quantization modules is described in detail.As shown in Figure 4, this quantization modules can comprise: sub-band division submodule, companding function chooser module, companding functional transformation submodule and quantification submodule.
Wherein, the sub-band division submodule is used for the transform-domain signals from bank of filters is divided into one or more subband, institute is divided subband export to described companding function chooser module.
Each subband that companding function chooser module is used to the sub-band division submodule to be divided is selected a companding function respectively, and each subband and corresponding companding function information thereof are offered described companding functional transformation submodule.
Companding functional transformation submodule is used to utilize the companding function of each subband correspondence, and respective sub-bands is carried out conversion, obtains the conversion coefficient of each subband, and the conversion coefficient of described each subband is exported to the quantification submodule.Wherein, when companding functional transformation submodule carried out conversion to each subband, serializable carried out, and also can walk abreast and carry out.Serial refer to a sub-band transforms intact after, again another subband is carried out conversion, parallelly refer to simultaneously each subband be carried out conversion.Concrete which kind of mode that adopts can be selected according to actual needs.
Quantize submodule and be used for the conversion coefficient from described each subband of described companding functional transformation submodule is quantized, the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is exported to coding module.Wherein, when the quantification submodule quantized each subband, serializable carried out, and also can walk abreast and carry out.Serial refer to a quantized subband intact after, again another subband is quantized, parallelly refer to simultaneously each subband be quantized.Concrete which kind of mode that adopts can be selected according to actual needs.
Wherein, the sub-band division submodule can have multiple division methods when sound signal is carried out sub-band division.As can transform-domain signals being divided according to predefined division information, as to preestablish according to the border of setting be 2 or a plurality of etc. with sub-band division.
Perhaps, also can be according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, transform-domain signals is divided.Wherein, the signal message of systematic survey can obtain from psychoacoustic model, also can from other module, obtain, if from psycho-acoustic module, obtain, then shown in the dotted portion among Fig. 4, the sub-band division submodule is further used for: receive the signal message from described psychoacoustic model, according to the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, carry out describedly will be divided into the operation of one or more subband from the transform-domain signals of bank of filters.
Companding function chooser module can have multiple choosing method when choosing the companding function for each subband.As can be according to the mapping relations information of predefined subband and companding function, select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion, as preestablish 2 subbands of system divides, and set the corresponding companding function 1 of first subband, the 2nd the corresponding companding function 2 of subband, then can be first subband and choose companding function 1, is that the 2nd subband chosen companding function 2; Perhaps preestablish the corresponding relation of subband characteristic and companding function,, choose corresponding companding function then according to each subband self characteristics.
Perhaps, also can be according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the corresponding relation of described signal message and companding function, select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion.Wherein, the signal message of systematic survey can obtain from psychoacoustic model, also can from other module, obtain, if from psycho-acoustic module, obtain, then shown in the dotted portion among Fig. 4, companding function chooser module is further used for: receive the signal message from described psychoacoustic model, according to the corresponding relation of described signal message and companding function, carry out the operation that described each subband of being divided for the sub-band division submodule is selected a companding function respectively.
Wherein, companding function chooser module and companding functional transformation submodule can integrate.
Correspondingly, the composition of the audio decoding apparatus in the embodiment of the invention and annexation can be consistent with the description of device shown in Figure 2.Comprise: decoder module, inverse quantization module and bank of filters.Difference is, inverse quantization module in the present embodiment, after being used for the audio samples signal from decoder module carried out inverse quantization, each subband of the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained, the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported to bank of filters.
During specific implementation, the inside of inverse quantization module is formed and annexation also can be consistent with the description of device shown in Figure 2.Comprise inverse quantization submodule and companding function inverse transform block.Wherein, the inverse quantization submodule still is, is used for the audio samples signal from decoder module is carried out inverse quantization, and the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization obtains is exported to companding function inverse transform block.
Difference is, companding function inverse transform block is used for each subband to described transform-domain signals, and the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported to bank of filters.
Wherein, if arranged the information of sub-band division in advance in decoding end, then companding function inverse transform block can be obtained the division information of each subband, otherwise can obtain the division information of each subband according to the side information that decodes from code stream according to the signal of the sub-band division of prior agreement.
Equally, if arranged the information of choosing of companding function in advance in decoding end, then companding function inverse transform block can be according to the signal of choosing of the companding function of prior agreement, obtain the companding function information of each subband correspondence, otherwise can obtain the companding function information of each subband correspondence according to the side information that from code stream, decodes.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the quantization method of an audio coding is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband;
Select a companding function to carry out conversion respectively to each subband of being divided, obtain the conversion coefficient of each subband;
Conversion coefficient to resulting each subband quantizes.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband is: according to predefined division information, transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband;
Perhaps be: according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, transform-domain signals is divided into one or more subband.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly select a companding function to be transformed to respectively:, to select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion according to the mapping relations information of predefined subband and companding function to each subband of being divided;
Perhaps be: according to the signal message of systematic survey, and the corresponding relation of described signal message and companding function, select corresponding companding function respectively for each subband and carry out conversion.
4. the inverse transform method of an audio decoder is characterized in that, this method comprises: each subband of the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained, the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding.
5. audio coding apparatus, comprise: bank of filters, psychoacoustic model, quantization modules and coding module, it is characterized in that, described quantization modules, be used for to be divided into one or more subband from the transform-domain signals of bank of filters, select a companding function to carry out conversion respectively, obtain the conversion coefficient of each subband each subband of being divided, conversion coefficient to resulting each subband quantizes, and the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is exported to coding module.
6. device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described quantization modules comprises: sub-band division submodule, companding function chooser module, companding functional transformation submodule and quantification submodule, wherein,
Described sub-band division submodule is used for the transform-domain signals from bank of filters is divided into one or more subband, institute is divided subband export to described companding function chooser module;
Described companding function chooser module, each subband that is used to the sub-band division submodule to be divided is selected a companding function respectively, and each subband and corresponding companding function information thereof are offered described companding functional transformation submodule;
Described companding functional transformation submodule is used to utilize the companding function of each subband correspondence, and respective sub-bands is carried out conversion, obtains the conversion coefficient of each subband, and the conversion coefficient of described each subband is exported to the quantification submodule;
Described quantification submodule is used for the conversion coefficient from described each subband of described companding functional transformation submodule is quantized, and the audio samples signal that obtains after quantizing is exported to coding module.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described sub-band division submodule further receives the signal message from described psychoacoustic model, according to the relation of described signal message and sub-band division, carry out describedly will be divided into the operation of one or more subband from the transform-domain signals of bank of filters.
8. as claim 6 or 7 described devices, it is characterized in that, described companding function chooser module further receives the signal message from described psychoacoustic model, according to the corresponding relation of described signal message and companding function, carry out the operation that described each subband of being divided for the sub-band division submodule is selected a companding function respectively.
9. audio decoding apparatus, comprise: decoder module, inverse quantization module and bank of filters, it is characterized in that, described inverse quantization module, after being used for the audio samples signal from decoder module carried out inverse quantization, each subband of the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization is obtained, the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported to bank of filters.
10. device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described inverse quantization module comprises:
The inverse quantization submodule is used for the audio samples signal from decoder module is carried out inverse quantization, and the transform-domain signals that inverse quantization obtains is exported to companding function inverse transform block;
Described companding function inverse transform block is used for each subband to described transform-domain signals, and the companding function of correspondence carries out inverse transformation respectively during according to coding, and the transform-domain signals after the inverse transformation is exported to bank of filters.
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| WO2015000373A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Signal encoding and decoding method and device therefor |
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