CN101105220A

CN101105220A - Reciprocating type lever force-saving synergistic transmission device

Info

Publication number: CN101105220A
Application number: CNA200610106643XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓晋州
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-07-14
Filing date: 2006-07-14
Publication date: 2008-01-16

Abstract

A reciprocating type pedal lever-reinforcing transmission device is provided. The device comprises a pedal lever, a lever member (1), a lever member (2), an orbital-fixed sliding block mechanism, a gear, and a gear set. The invention adds a lever member (1) at one end of the pedal lever to make the pedal level to slide along the power trajectory. The mechanical character of the transmission device is that the sinusoidal function of the included angle Alpha of the force F applied by people and the vertical line is an arc line infinitively approaching X-line and Y-line. Thus, the force driving the pedal level is maximal at the beginning of the moving period and minimal at the end of the period. The lever member (1) takes effect in changing torque to make the maximal labor-saving ratio increase by several times and several ten times. The moving period of the inventive device can increase applied force at the front stage and increase accelerated speed at the late stage, so as to completely utilize the applied force. The reinforcing effect of the lever device can increase the power to some extent compared with the conventional crank transmission, so as to achieve the purposes of saving labor, assuring accelerated speed and increasing the power of labor working. The invention is a power-reinforcing transmission device, and is used for improving the power of suitable equipments, especially suitable for bicycle and man-powered vehicle.

Description

Reciprocating type lever force-saving synergistic transmission device

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to a kind of transmission device, be used to improve the power of suitable device, be particularly useful for equipment such as bicycle, rickshaw.

Background technique

As everyone knows, but the running of manpower powered vehicle such as bicycle or other equipment, and traditionally double-cranks that use are done the running of circular movement driving arrangement more, realize riding instead of walk, functions such as transportation, grain threshing.Along with development of technology, make the universal day by day of fuel oil machinery, manual machine more and more be difficult to adapt to the needs of efficient development.Yet because oil-fired minimizing day by day, cost of transportation increases, and environmental protection requirement, and manual machine is still played a positive role.

Recently, the bicycle that the reciprocating type lever transmission occurred is as described in the CN1749090A (an open day 2006.3.22), and for example " THE STUDY OF TREADLE BICYCLES TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ". explore in (the journal .1995.Jun.Vol.13 of Xibei College of Light Industry), above-mentioned improvement obtains certain labor-saving effect, comparatively speaking, desired speed effect is not remarkable.Find by comparative study, the mechanical characteristic of reciprocating type lever transmission device and traditional double-crank circular movement drive unit is basic identical, driving the power F of crank and the sine function of the angle α of vertical line, is a parabola above the first interval x axle, that is: the effect of driving force minimum initially the time, increase gradually, maximum when vertical with vertical line reduces, then when overlapping with vertical line, the value minimum of power, motion and so forth.Learn as calculated, the total efficient of power acting that the people bestows is about 63%, through improving, efficient can bring up to 98%, it is more complicated that structure becomes, (" back and forth pedaling type drive unit design and analysis ". Machine Design and manufacturing technology .2002 the 6th phase of November), but power does not realize surmounting tradition.

People attempt to utilize the reciprocating type lever of lengthening to reach the labour-saving purpose, but can't improve speed simultaneously, increase power, be owing to but do not notice mechanism's mechanical characteristic of institute's research and design, the contradiction that does not have equilibrant and speed makes full use of the power acting, and concluding main shortcoming has:

1, the length of crank is restricted, and scrunches effort.Though circular movement crank and reciprocating type lever pedal rod driven can increase the length of lever, obtain certain labor-saving effect, because the crank girth strengthens, the angular velocity of driving diminishes, and has limited the prolongation of crank, lacks use value because of travelling speed is slack-off.

2, power utilize effect relatively poor, power is lower.Reciprocating type lever drives and compares with the circumference crank drive, though the application of force was made full use of more in effective application of force stage by appropriate design, improve the utilization ratio of manpower acting, but because application of force effect angular velocity non-linear and the lever treadle diminishes, total work be there is no to be increased or increases seldom.

The conventional ADS driving mode has limited the raising of total output, can't obtain purpose laborsaving and the assurance travelling speed simultaneously, more is difficult to increase the power of manpower acting.

Therefore, need and a kind ofly can increase power and guarantee the immovable efficient transmission device of travelling speed, make the maximum effect of people's application of force acting, the contradiction of power and speed is in best equinoctial point, reaches the speed of maximum in the hope of the power with minimum.

The present invention's general introduction

The present invention is by increasing by a rod member 1 at rotating treadle one end, rod member 1 one ends and treadle are hinged, and make its angle α 1 at 0 °～180 °, initial angle is an acute angle, the other end rod member 2, rod member 2 axis also are the application of force tracks of device, with treadle angle α 2 at 0 °～180 °, α 1＜α 2 makes rod member 1 one ends with an orbit determination device, rod member 2 is by this fixation locus motion, this trajectory is between the treadle two-end-point, effect position preferably is the hinge of close treadle and rod member 1, and rod member 2 one sides have tooth and gear engagement motion, drive a gear train again, the output of realization power, this trajectory is referred to as the power trajectory.Thereby the mechanical characteristic of transmission device is: the sine function of power F that the people bestows and vertical line angle α is a unlimited camber line near x, y axle.That is: the people drive treadle the effect of power in the cycle of motion maximum when initial, minimum when being urged to the end of term in week.

Principle of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, treadle 1 rotates around axle O, one end connects with rod member 1 one ends, and treadle 1 and rod member 1 angle are between 0～180 °, and rod member 1 the other end connects with rod member 2, rod member 2 one sides have a groove, be combined with two

travellers

5,6 with it,

traveller

5,6 is fixed on the orbit determination slide block 4, and slide block 4 has two right angle type chutes, two

travellers

7,8 of Pei Heing are fixed on the casing 11 with it.

Its course of action is as follows: move when treadle 1 promotes rod member 1, because slide block 4 vertical slots are stuck in

traveller

7,8 places, play fixedly orbit determination slide block effect, rod member 1 one ends and rod member 2 are moved by the power trajectory of 5,6 position limit, treadle and rod member 1 angle enlarge, and rod member 1 one ends and rod member 2 move simultaneously, and rod member 2 opposite sides have tooth and gear 9 engagements and gear 9 is rotated, while driven gear group 10, outputting power and speed.When rod member 2 moves to end, rod member 1 promotes slide block 4 vertical slots and upwards moves apart

casing traveller

7,8 to translot one end, utilize gravity that slide block 4 translots can laterally be moved by

traveller

7,8, departing from the power trajectory slides rod member 2 separating tooths wheel, treadle 1 lifts rod member 1, rod member 2 and orbit determination slide block return initial position again, orbit determination slide block vertical slot is stuck in fixedly slide block of

traveller

7,8 places simultaneously, and rod member 2 meshes again with gear 9 simultaneously, finishes a cycle of motion.

For being exported continuously, usually use the above-mentioned same apparatus of two covers to drive same gear train, other establishes pulley mechanism 14 and is fixed on the frame 12, be positioned at the treadle top, pass pulley with rope 13 and connect two treadles, take turns actuation gear and gear train by two treadles, make it to realize outputting power and speed continuously.Export with continuous or bigger power of the online realization of clutch or speed with two covers or the above above-mentioned pair of treadle device of two covers.

Rod member 1 has played the effect that changes moment.Rod member 1 one ends connect with treadle, the other end connecting rod 2, and press the power trajectory and move, under the driving of treadle and since the orbit determination slide block with rod member 2 qualification effects, rod member 1 constantly enlarges with the treadle angle, rod member 2 is also same by the motion of orbit determination slide block qualification power trajectory, this movement locus axis between the two-end-point of treadle, its straight line and treadle at angle, between 0 °～180 °.

Rod member 1 changes the effect of moment, make maximum laborsaving value than increase several times with the length simple lever, tens of times, even hundreds of times depend primarily on that treadle is moving, resistance arm ratio, the length of rod member 1 and the angle of treadle and power trajectory.This actuator movement process can realize that the last stage increases the application of force, after-stage gathers way, the power that the people is bestowed makes full use of, no longer there is so-called dead point, the raising of implementation efficiency, 100% utilized people's power to do work in theory, and because desirable bigger value of this device treadle length and boosting function, power will increase than traditional double crank and reciprocating type lever device, by regulating treadle power arm and resistance arm ratio and rod member 1 length, obtain the equinoctial point of required power and speed, the treadle power arm when its numerical value depends on the specific product design and the value of resistance arm and rod member 1.For example:

When this transmission device is got the treadle power arm: resistance arm: rod member 1=5: in the time of 1: 1.2, the maximum force rate of economizing reaches 13, promptly import the power that maximum, force is 100N, be to be output as 1300N under 1 the situation at velocity ratio, and simple lever moving arm: resistance arm=5: 1 o'clock, in the power of maximum input 100N, be to be output as 500N at 1 o'clock at velocity ratio, this transmission device is increased to 2.6 times than simple lever transmission.Most of power arms in traditional crank transmission in fact: resistance arm=2.5: 1, do not reach 5: 1, can see obviously that the transmission usefulness of this transmission device obviously is better than conventional apparatus.

In the present invention, rod member 2 works to limit the track of rod member 1 and realizes power and speed output, and rod member 2 is then controlled its action by a slide block.In rod member 2 one sides a groove is arranged, two travellers that cooperate with groove are (as Fig. 6: 5,6, be referred to as the orbit determination traveller) be fixed on the slide block, for rod member 2 is moved by the power trajectory, there are two right angle type grooves at this slide block middle part, what cooperate with the right angle type groove has two travellers in addition (as Fig. 6: 7,8, be referred to as the casing traveller) be fixed on the transmission device casing, the slide block vertical slot is stuck in

traveller

7,8 fixing slide blocks, make the rod member 2 can be by 5, the 6 power trajectory slippages that limit, make it to turn round with the gear engagement actuation gear, after action is finished, make the slide block vertical slot move apart post 7,8 press translot laterally moves, but rod member 2 again separating tooth take turns slippage again to the initial position, the slide block vertical slot is stuck on the casing traveller again, and rod member 2 one ends mesh again with gear simultaneously.This slide block is called orbit determination slide block (as Fig. 6, Fig. 7).

Rod member 2 opposite sides are formed rack and pinion mechanism by a tooth and a gear, also can adopt sour jujube bar ratchet mechanism, and actuation gear or ratchet and the running of other power output wheel group, thereby realize output.The power output wheel group can be a gear, also can adopt sprocket wheel, belt pulley or the mutual combination between them, realizes commutation or speed change with clutch in case of necessity.According to the different requirements to power, wheels are chosen suitable velocity ratio, and velocity ratio is desirable on demand 0～1000, even bigger, and practical is 0～500, with output speed and the power that needing to obtain.

The present invention has made full use of inertia.In actual applications, moving system certainly exists inertia, and system is once startup, because its required driving force of inertia reduces relatively, especially all the more so in the situation of keeping uniform motion, this transmission device can be satisfied the demand just.This is that the present invention need make the mechanical characteristic that matches and design application according to reality.Like this, can be so that with less power, this device just can reach the crank-driven speed of traditional double, has relatively improved the efficient of acting, improves power, and the load of corresponding raising equipment like this, just can substitute the equipment that some manpowers can satisfy the power requirement.Also can be applicable to improve the power of suitable device.

The accompanying drawing summary

Fig. 1: schematic diagram 1,

Fig. 2: embodiment 1, two-way lever-type drive unit side view

Fig. 3: embodiment 1, two-way lever-type drive unit North-East Bound view

Fig. 4: embodiment 2, unidirectional lever-type drive unit side view

Fig. 5: embodiment 2, unidirectional lever-type drive unit north-westward view

Fig. 6: example 1 orbit determination slide-block mechanism side view

Fig. 7: example 2 orbit determination slide-block mechanism side views

As shown in the figure, 1.

treadle

1, and 2.

rod member

1, and 3.

rod member

2,4. orbit determination slide block, 5.6. orbit determination traveller, 7.8. casing traveller, 8-1 return fixing column, 9. gear, 10. gear train, 11. casings, 12. frames, 13. rope, 14. pulley mechanisms, 15 small levers, 16. lever connecting rods, 17. the dihedral post, 18. springs, 19. reset lever, 20. pto, O. treadle axle, 1 rotating shaft of O1. rod member

Preferred embodiment is described

Example 1 two-way lever-type drive unit

Two-way lever-type drive unit structure is shown in Fig. 2,3, treadle 1 rotates around axle O, one end and rod member 1 are articulated in O1, its angle is between 0 °～180 °, rod member 1 the other end connects with rod member 2, rod member 2 one sides have a groove, be combined with

orbit determination traveller

5,6 with it, orbit determination slide block 4 has two right angle type chutes, with it the

casing traveller

7,8 of Pei Heing, rod member 2 opposite sides have tooth, rotate with gear 9 engagements, and driven gear group 10, other establishes pulley mechanism 14 and is fixed on the frame 12, be positioned at the treadle top, connect the treadle of another set of device with rope 13 by pulley.

The course of action of device is as follows: when treadle 1 rotates around axle O, promote rod member 1 simultaneously, because orbit determination slide block 4 vertical slots are stuck in

casing traveller

7,8 places, play fixedly orbit determination slide block effect, make rod member 1 one ends and rod member 2 by orbit determination traveller 5, the power trajectory of 6 position limit moves, treadle 1 enlarges with rod member 1 angle, rod member 1 one ends and rod member 2 move simultaneously, rod member 2 promotes gear 9 simultaneously and rotates, but driven gear group 10 is rotated simultaneously, realize the output of power and speed, design rod member 1 makes when rod member 2 moves to latter end to the suitable length of slide block 4, rod member 1 promotes slide block 4 and upwards moves apart vertical slot to translot one end, utilize action of gravity, orbit determination slide block 4 translots are pressed

casing traveller

7,8 laterally move, and drive rod member 2 simultaneously and break away from gears and slide, lift rod member 1 by treadle 1 again, rod member 2 and promote orbit determination slide block 4 initial position that resets, orbit determination slide block vertical slot is stuck in casing traveller 7 again, 8 places, a cycle of motion is finished in rod member 2 incision gears and engagement.

For being exported continuously, use the above-mentioned same apparatus of two covers usually, establish a pulley mechanism 14 on

frame

12,13 connect two treadles with restricting by pulley, make above-mentioned pair of treadle device take turns actuation gear and gear train, can realize outputting power and speed continuously.When bigger power requirement was arranged, above-mentioned pair of treadle device of available more covers made it online realization output with coupling or engaging and disengaging gear.

When device pauses in running, restart to drive, can spur reset lever 19, the horizontal mobile rod member 2 separating tooths wheel of device orbit determination slide block is slided, lift by treadle again and make device recovery initial state.

Example 2 unidirectional lever-type drive units

Unidirectional lever-type drive unit structure such as Fig. 4, shown in 5, treadle 1 rotates around axle O, rod member 1 one ends and treadle are connected in an O1, the other end connects with rod member 2, rod member 1 and treadle 1 angle are between 0～180 °, and rod member 2 one sides have a groove, are combined with orbit determination slide block traveller 5 with it, 6, be fixed on the orbit determination slide block 4, orbit determination slide block 4 has two right angle type chutes, with it the casing traveller 7 of Pei Heing, 8, be fixed on (as Fig. 7) on the casing 11, between two right angle type grooves, a straight trough is arranged, in a spring is arranged, be stuck in post 8-1, post 8-1 is fixed on the casing 11, spring 18 makes orbit determination slide block energy self-return, drives rod member 2 simultaneously and breaks away from gears.Establish a small lever 15 at bottom half, one end connects the orbit determination slide block, when making rod member 2 move to end, can depress the small lever the other end and lift the orbit determination slide block, side at rod member 2 chutes has a denation, what cooperate with it is a dihedral post 17 that is fixed on the casing 11, when treadle 1 lifts pulling rod member 2 when resetting, projection by the edge of post 17 make rod member 2 have tooth one side incision gear again with gear engagement, other establishes pulley mechanism 14 and is fixed on the frame 12, be positioned at treadle top, 13 connect two treadles by pulley with restricting.

The movement process of unidirectional lever-type drive unit: treadle 1 promotes rod member 1 and moves, because orbit determination slide block 4 vertical slots are stuck in

casing traveller

7,8 places, play fixedly slide block effect, make rod member 1 the other end and rod member 2 by orbit determination slide block traveller 5, the power trajectory motion of 6 restrictions, treadle 1 enlarges with the rod member angle, rod member 2 moves simultaneously, driven gear 9 rotates, while driving cluster gear 10, outputting power and speed, design small lever correct position, make when rod member 2 moves to end that rod member 2 can promote small lever 15 1 ends, promote orbit determination slide block 4 and be moved upwards up to translot one end, spring 18 makes orbit determination slide block 4 laterally move by translot, make rod member 2 break away from gear 9, lift treadle 1 return initial position, rod member 2 denations make rod member 2 cut gear 9 and engagement again by the track of dihedral post 17 simultaneously, utilize gravity orbit determination slide block vertical slot to be stuck in 7 again automatically, 8, finish a cycle of motion.

For being exported continuously, use the above-mentioned same apparatus of two covers usually, other establishes pulley mechanism 14 and is fixed on the frame 12, be positioned at the treadle top, connect two treadles with rope 13, take turns actuation gear and gear train, make it to realize outputting power and speed continuously by above-mentioned pair of treadle device.When bigger power requirement was arranged, above-mentioned pair of treadle device of available more covers made it online realization output with coupling or engaging and disengaging gear.

When device pauses at the volley, restart to drive, can spur reset lever 19, make device orbit determination slide block move rod member 2 and break away from gear, lift pulling rod member 2 by treadle again and make device recover initial state.

Claims

1. reciprocating type treadle synergistic transmission device, comprise treadle, rod member 1, rod member 2, the orbit determination slide-block mechanism, gear, gear train, pto, casing, small lever, traveller, frame, pulley, rope, reset lever, engaging and disengaging gear is formed, it is characterized in that by at the hinged rod member 1 of an end of the treadle that can rotate around the axis, the other end rod member 2 of rod member 1, rod member 2 one sides have tooth, with a gear engagement, rod member 2 opposite sides have groove, connect the orbit determination slide-block mechanism, the orbit determination slide-block mechanism makes rod member 1 one ends and the rod member 2 can be by power trajectory and the tangent motion of gear, and make rod member 2 finish separating tooth samsara rejuvenate beginning position behind the stroke, the orbit determination slide block is positioned between the treadle two-end-point this power trajectory, rod member 2 has tooth one side to promote gear simultaneously and drives the power output wheel group, realize the output of power and speed,, realize power or outputting power and speed greatly continuously by said apparatus or composite mechanism more than 1 group or 1 group.

2. as treadle as described in 1, it is characterized in that: be the lever of rotatingshaft with the fulcrum, its power arm can get 0～200: 1 with the resistance arm ratio according to different power and rate request, and practical is 0～50: 1.

3. as rod member 1 as described in 1, it is characterized in that: its two ends perforate, one end connects treadle, and the other end connecting rod 2 is when treadle rotates, rod member 1 connecting rod 2 one ends move by the power trajectory, enlarge with the treadle angle, at 0 °～180 °, rod member 1 length is less than 3 times of treadle resistance arms, by regulating its length, can change the treadle output torque.

4. as rod member 2 as described in 1, it is characterized in that: an end and rod member 1 are hinged, one side has groove, slide by the action rule that the orbit determination slide block is given, opposite side has tooth, forming the rack pinion structure with a gear, also can be sour jujube bar ratchet mechanism, and gear or ratchet drive one group or several groups of power output wheels rotations simultaneously.

5. as orbit determination slide-block mechanism as described in 1, it is characterized in that: can move by the power trajectory for making rod member 1 one ends and rod member 2, and can allow rod member 2 be repositioned to initial position, property performance period regular movement, be fixed on orbit determination slide block one side at two travellers that rod member 2 has groove one side to cooperate with groove, there are two right angle type grooves at orbit determination slide block middle part, what cooperate with the right angle type groove has two travellers, be fixed on the transmission device casing, when being stuck in the casing traveller, plays orbit determination slide block vertical slot fixedly orbit determination slide block, make rod member 2 and gear or ratchet engaged, slide by the power trajectory that the orbit determination traveller limits, when the orbit determination slide block laterally slides by translot, can make rod member 2 break away from gear or ratchet, return initial position.

The mode that another kind of orbit determination slide block moves is except that above-mentioned major character, realize moving up and down of orbit determination slide block by small lever, usually increase by a lever in the transmission case body bottom, one end connects the orbit determination slide block, one end drives in the time of can sliding into end by rod member 2, make lever can lift the orbit determination slide block and move apart vertical slot to translot one end, there is a spring can make in the middle part of the orbit determination slide block and laterally moves the disengaging gear by translot with orbit determination slide block and the rod member 2 that is connected, in rod member 2 chutes one side the dihedral projection is arranged, what cooperate with it is fixed on the oblique side of dihedral post on the casing, incision gear and engagement when rod member 2 is resetted.

6. as power output wheel group as described in 1, it is characterized in that: can gear train as power take-off mechanism, also can be sprocket wheel, belt pulley or its combination, according to different requirements to power, choose suitable velocity ratio, velocity ratio is desirable on demand 0～1000, and practical is 0～500, with output speed and the power that needing to obtain, realize power output.

7. as composite mechanism as described in 1, it is characterized in that: can use the above-mentioned same apparatus of two covers, other establishes pulley mechanism and is fixed on the frame, be positioned at the treadle top, pass pulley with rope and connect two treadles, make two treadles take turns actuation gear and can realize driving continuously the power output wheel group and rotate, thereby realize outputting power and speed continuously.Above-mentioned pair of treadle device of perhaps more covers makes it online with coupling or engaging and disengaging gear, the big power of output.