CN101100705A - Method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance - Google Patents
Method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance Download PDFInfo
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- CN101100705A CN101100705A CNA2007100441644A CN200710044164A CN101100705A CN 101100705 A CN101100705 A CN 101100705A CN A2007100441644 A CNA2007100441644 A CN A2007100441644A CN 200710044164 A CN200710044164 A CN 200710044164A CN 101100705 A CN101100705 A CN 101100705A
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Abstract
A process for fine crystallization of metal liquid by electric current pulses is carried out by: smelting metal and over-heating, casting, inserting two parallel electrodes from above into molten metal, and disturbing metal liquid by 1000-4000A impulse electric current at 100-1000Hz to obtain fine-crystallized cast ingots. The disturbance is divided into both periods of core forming and solidifying. It can be used mold casting or continuous casting various metals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance, belong to the metal freezing technical field.
Background technology
The solidifying fine crystal technology is the problem that the metallurgical material scholar is devoted to study always, and therefore a large amount of solidifying fine crystal technology is along with research deeply continues to bring out out.Metal current solidifying fine crystal method can reduce following a few class substantially: (1) casting process and heat transfer condition control method; (2) chemical treatment method; (3) kinetics thinning method.
Casting process and heat transfer condition control method mainly comprise casting process control techniques, cast cold, raising speed of cooling and increase condensate depression etc.These methods are traditional thinning method, and such as in continuous casting industry, casting process control techniques and cast cold remain a kind of measure that more effectively improves solidified structure.But thinning effect is limited, and limited by working condition, and it is bigger to implement difficulty.
Chemically treated method, promptly inoculation and rotten the processing are just added a small amount of special chemical substance or chemical element in liquid.This material is divided into grain-refining agent and stops two kinds of growth promoters, is commonly referred to as nucleating agent or alterant, impels the heterogeneous body of melt inside to give birth to nuclear and suppress growing up of crystal grain.Chemical treatment method is the common method that common foundry goods obtains fine grained texture at present industrial most widely used.But rely on the method for in melt, adding grain-refining agent, cost height not only, complicated process of preparation, and sometimes because of the adding of external particle, make heterogeneous particle in the metal, be mingled with and increase, the result causes plasticity to reduce mechanical properties decrease on the contrary.
Kinetics refinement method mainly is to adopt mechanical force or electromagnetic force to cause the relative movement of liquid phase and solid phase, causes the fragmentation of dendrite or dendrite to separate with casting mold, forms the mass crystallization core in liquid phase, reaches the effect of crystal grain thinning.Kinetics thinning method commonly used mainly contains mechanical vibration, electric and magnetic oscillation, ultrasonic vibration etc.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide two kinds of method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technique means.
A kind of forming core stage method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance, this method has following technology characteristics: at first Metal Melting is changed into liquid, the cast of when 20-180 ℃ of metal melt temperature overheating, coming out of the stove, two parallel poles are inserted the following 20-500mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, thermal analysis curve Real Time Observation metal melt temperature variation from online detection, treat that the molten metal temperature arrives theoretical Tc when following, open the perturbation pulse power switch, the pulse current peak scope is: 1000-4000A, the pulse-repetition scope is: 100-1000Hz, carrying out the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation handles, when solidifying platform and begin, the break impulse power supply stops to handle, and can obtain the cast metals of structure refinement.
A kind ofly solidify omnidistance method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance, this method has following technology characteristics: at first Metal Melting is changed into liquid, the cast of when 20-180 ℃ of metal melt temperature overheating, coming out of the stove, two parallel poles are inserted the following 20-500mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, after treating that pouring metal melt finishes, open the perturbation pulse power switch, the pulse current peak scope is: 1000-4000A, the pulse-repetition scope is: 100-1000Hz, carry out the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation and handle, when solidifying end, the break impulse power supply, stop to handle, can obtain the cast metals of structure refinement.
The present invention is divided into forming core stage disturbance treatment and solidifies omnidistance disturbance treatment according to the difference of pulsed current disturbance time period, when the molten metal temperature begins to begin to carry out during this period of time the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation and handle and be called forming core stage disturbance treatment to solidifying platform below theoretical Tc; Treat to begin after pouring metal melt finishes to be called and to solidify omnidistance disturbance treatment to solidifying when finishing during this period of time disturbance treatment.
The present invention is different from existing three metalloid solidifying fine crystal methods, its principal feature is in metal solidification process, utilize the pulsed current of certain parameter, heat and magnetoresistive effect by pulsed current, the free surface of disturbance metal, to promote the forming core of surface metal liquid, form crystallization rain, thereby make solidified structure obtain remarkable refinement.
Present method (introduce by parallel pole, referring to Fig. 1 (b)) (mode of applying is that vertical electrode is introduced with the thin crystal technique of relevant pulsed current, referring to Fig. 1 (a)) to compare, the essence of its refinement and electric current apply mode all difference, and the refinement efficient of this method improves greatly.For superalloy, especially those are easy to generate the alloy of segregation in process of setting simultaneously, and this technology can be improved the segregation of alloying element significantly, thereby improves the mechanical property of alloy effectively; Can avoid upper/lower electrode to handle the generation of the situations such as molten metal leakage that may cause in addition, improve the accessibility and the security of operation greatly.
" breeding " that present method and other researchists carried out before metal enters solidification stages handled all essential distinction on technique means and principle.Inoculation has comparatively high temps at melt and just begins to handle, and processing finishes before solidifying beginning.And our rule is on the contrary, handles from melt forming core stage or whole process of setting.Treating processes can be divided into " forming core stage disturbance treatment " and " solidifying omnidistance disturbance treatment " two kinds of patterns.
Accompanying drawing is seen in metallographic structure.Fig. 2 is not for carrying out the fine aluminium macrostructure of pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation, Fig. 3 introduces the (2000A of fine aluminium macrostructure that pulsed current is handled for vertical electrode, 800Hz), Fig. 4 parallel pole is introduced the (2000A of fine aluminium macrostructure of pulsed current forming core stage disturbance treatment, 200Hz), Fig. 5 for parallel pole introduce pulsed current solidify omnidistance disturbance treatment fine aluminium macrostructure (2000A, 200Hz).The contrast back is found under the same current peak value condition, no matter be forming core stage disturbance treatment or solidify omnidistance disturbance treatment, parallel pole is introduced the solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance technology only needs the frequency of 200Hz just can reach the thinning effect that vertical electrode is introduced pulsed current 800Hz frequency, this shows that the refinement efficient of liquid surface fluctuation technology improves greatly.
The present invention relates to die casting, continuous casting production in the metallurgical industry, be fit to the structure refinement of nonferrous materials, ferrous material, and in above-mentioned field to obtain the thin brilliant outfield disturbance treatment technology of axle such as cast condition.Method of the present invention is implemented very easy, but thinning effect is remarkable.
Description of drawings
Synoptic diagram (a) upper/lower electrode step mode (b) the parallel pole step mode of two kinds of pulsed current step modes of Fig. 1
Fig. 2 is not for carrying out the fine aluminium macrostructure of pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation
The fine aluminium macrostructure that Fig. 3 handles for vertical electrode introducing pulsed current (2000A, 800Hz)
Fig. 4 for parallel pole introduce pulsed current forming core stage disturbance treatment fine aluminium macrostructure (2000A, 200Hz)
Fig. 5 for parallel pole introduce pulsed current solidify omnidistance disturbance treatment fine aluminium macrostructure (2000A, 200Hz)
Fig. 6 is not for carrying out the bearing steel macrostructure of pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation
Fig. 7 for parallel pole introduce the bearing steel macrostructure that pulsed current solidifies omnidistance disturbance treatment (4000A, 400Hz)
Embodiment
After now embodiments of the invention specifically being described in.
Embodiment 1
The material of present embodiment is that purity is the commercial-purity aluminium of 99.7wt.%, and casting mold is the sodium silicate sand dry type, and casting dimension is Φ 40 * 140mm, carries out forming core stage disturbance treatment respectively and solidifies omnidistance disturbance treatment.In order to strengthen comparative, Fig. 2 is not for carrying out the fine aluminium macrostructure of pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation, and Fig. 3 introduces the fine aluminium macrostructure (current peak is 2000A, and pulse-repetition is 800Hz) that pulsed current is handled for vertical electrode.
Forming core stage pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation is handled, specific embodiment is as follows: at first Metal Melting is changed into liquid, the cast of when 180 ℃ of metal melt temperature overheatings, coming out of the stove, two parallel poles are inserted the following 30mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, thermal analysis curve Real Time Observation metal melt temperature variation from online detection, when treating that the molten metal temperature arrives below 660 ℃, open the perturbation pulse power switch, pulse current peak is 2000A, and pulse-repetition is 200Hz, carrying out the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation handles, when solidifying platform and begin, the break impulse power supply stops to handle, sample is carried out metallographic structure observe, its macrostructure is referring to Fig. 4.
Solidifying omnidistance pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation handles, specific embodiment is as follows: at first Metal Melting is changed into liquid, the cast of when 180 ℃ of metal melt temperature overheatings, coming out of the stove, two parallel poles are inserted the following 30mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, after treating that pouring metal melt finishes, open the perturbation pulse power switch, pulse current peak is 2000A, pulse-repetition is 200Hz, carries out the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation and handles, when solidifying end, the break impulse power supply, stop to handle, sample is carried out metallographic structure observe, its macrostructure is referring to Fig. 5.
The contrast back is found: under the same current peak value condition, no matter be forming core stage disturbance treatment or solidify omnidistance disturbance treatment, parallel pole is introduced the solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance technology only needs the frequency of 200Hz just can reach the thinning effect that vertical electrode is introduced pulsed current 800Hz frequency, this shows that the refinement efficient of liquid surface fluctuation technology improves greatly.
Embodiment 2
Adopt high-carbon-chromium bearing steel as experiment material, its composition is C=0.80～0.96%, Si=0.20～0.35%, Mn=0.3～0.5%, P＜0.025%, S＜0.02%, Cr=1.35～1.50%, Ni+Cu＜0.52%.Consistent for guaranteeing molten metal composition, teeming temperature and cooling conditions, to guarantee the comparability of experimental result, adopt the experimental program of " pour into a mould simultaneously, shunt and fill type ".Molten metal flows into respectively in the measure-alike sample die cavity simultaneously by splitter box.Specimen size is Φ 50mm * 180mm.Casting mold adopts the sodium silicate sand dry type.Specific embodiment is as follows: with bar remelting in medium-frequency induction furnace of Φ 40, it is preceding with 0.2% aluminium final deoxygenation to come out of the stove.Teeming temperature is 1650 ℃ (overheated 180 ℃), after cast finishes, two parallel poles are inserted the following 30mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, and feed pulsed current at once and carry out omnidistance liquid surface fluctuation and handle, up to solidifying end, the cutting sample is observed the macrostructure of sample also with after the cold erosion of supersaturation picric acid under the low power metaloscope.Fig. 6 is not for adding pulsed current turbulent macrostructure, and Fig. 7 solidifies the macrostructure that omnidistance liquid surface fluctuation is handled (current peak 4000A, pulse-repetition 400Hz) for adopting pulsed current.The result shows, is columanar structure without the sample of disturbance treatment, and its equiaxial crystal ratio only is 30%, and the equiaxial crystal ratio that adopts the present invention to handle the back sample can reach 70%.
Claims (2)
1. forming core stage method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance, this method has following technology characteristics: at first Metal Melting is changed into liquid, the cast of when 20-180 ℃ of metal melt temperature overheating, coming out of the stove, two parallel poles are inserted the following 20-500mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, thermal analysis curve Real Time Observation metal melt temperature variation from online detection, treat that the molten metal temperature arrives theoretical Tc when following, open the perturbation pulse power switch, the pulse current peak scope is: 1000-4000A, the pulse-repetition scope is: 100-1000Hz, carrying out the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation handles, when solidifying platform and begin, the break impulse power supply stops to handle, and can obtain the cast metals of structure refinement.
2. one kind solidifies omnidistance method for solidifying microlite by impulse current liquid surface disturbance, this method has following technology characteristics: at first Metal Melting is changed into liquid, the cast of when 20-180 ℃ of metal melt temperature overheating, coming out of the stove, two parallel poles are inserted the following 20-500mm of metal bath surface from the melt top, after treating that pouring metal melt finishes, open the perturbation pulse power switch, the pulse current peak scope is: 1000-4000A, the pulse-repetition scope is: 100-1000Hz, carry out the pulsed current liquid surface fluctuation and handle, when solidifying end, the break impulse power supply, stop to handle, can obtain the cast metals of structure refinement.
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| CN101850406A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-10-06 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Graphite electrode for applying pulse current to continuously casting tundish |
| CN101920333A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-12-22 | 上海大学 | Pulse magneto liquid level vibration method for thinning metal solidification texture |
| CN101941066A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-01-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ceramic casting mold applied to metal casting under electric field treatment and method for casting titanium aluminum-based alloy by using same |
| CN102974807A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2013-03-20 | 南昌大学 | Method and device for improving liquid metal mold-filling capacity |
| WO2013106953A1 (en) * | 2012-01-21 | 2013-07-25 | 唐山文丰山川轮毂有限公司 | Metallurgical tank electric-pulse device |
| CN103949631A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-30 | 上海大学 | Device for measuring temperature of melt in pulse current liquid level disturbance fine grain solidification process |
| CN105970134A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-09-28 | 上海大学 | Device and method using electric current high throughput to prepare metal solidification and heat treatment samples |
| CN106111927A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 湖南科美达电气股份有限公司 | The grain refining of a kind of continuous casting billet solidified structure and the method that homogenizes |
| CN107855672A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-30 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of method and system for coupling high energy pulse current reduction laser welding residual stress |
| CN109175315A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of copper and iron immiscible alloy |
| CN111139417A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-12 | 西北工业大学 | Method for refining grain structure of high-temperature alloy |
| GB2598523A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2022-03-02 | Glassy Metals Llc | Method and apparatus for supercooling of metal/ alloy melts and for the formation of amorphous metals therefrom |
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- 2007-07-25 CN CNA2007100441644A patent/CN101100705A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101920333A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-12-22 | 上海大学 | Pulse magneto liquid level vibration method for thinning metal solidification texture |
| CN101850406A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-10-06 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Graphite electrode for applying pulse current to continuously casting tundish |
| CN101941066A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-01-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ceramic casting mold applied to metal casting under electric field treatment and method for casting titanium aluminum-based alloy by using same |
| CN101941066B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-07-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ceramic casting mold applied to metal casting under electric field treatment and method for casting titanium aluminum-based alloy by using same |
| WO2013106953A1 (en) * | 2012-01-21 | 2013-07-25 | 唐山文丰山川轮毂有限公司 | Metallurgical tank electric-pulse device |
| CN102974807A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2013-03-20 | 南昌大学 | Method and device for improving liquid metal mold-filling capacity |
| CN103949631A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-30 | 上海大学 | Device for measuring temperature of melt in pulse current liquid level disturbance fine grain solidification process |
| GB2598523A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2022-03-02 | Glassy Metals Llc | Method and apparatus for supercooling of metal/ alloy melts and for the formation of amorphous metals therefrom |
| GB2598523B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2022-06-01 | Glassy Metals Llc | Method and apparatus for supercooling of metal/ alloy melts and for the formation of amorphous metals therefrom |
| CN105970134A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-09-28 | 上海大学 | Device and method using electric current high throughput to prepare metal solidification and heat treatment samples |
| CN105970134B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-03-02 | 上海大学 | The apparatus and method that electric current high flux prepares metal freezing and heat treatment sample |
| CN106111927A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 湖南科美达电气股份有限公司 | The grain refining of a kind of continuous casting billet solidified structure and the method that homogenizes |
| CN107855672A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-30 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of method and system for coupling high energy pulse current reduction laser welding residual stress |
| CN107855672B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2024-03-01 | 上海海事大学 | Method and system for reducing laser welding residual stress by coupling high-energy pulse current |
| CN109175315A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of copper and iron immiscible alloy |
| CN111139417A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-12 | 西北工业大学 | Method for refining grain structure of high-temperature alloy |
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Open date: 20080109 |