CN101093901A - Constituents of electrolyte of lithium ion battery possessing function of guarding against over charge, and gaseous distention - Google Patents
Constituents of electrolyte of lithium ion battery possessing function of guarding against over charge, and gaseous distention Download PDFInfo
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- CN101093901A CN101093901A CNA2007101439196A CN200710143919A CN101093901A CN 101093901 A CN101093901 A CN 101093901A CN A2007101439196 A CNA2007101439196 A CN A2007101439196A CN 200710143919 A CN200710143919 A CN 200710143919A CN 101093901 A CN101093901 A CN 101093901A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The composition of electrolyte includes ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclohexyl benzene, vinylene carbonate, 1,3 - propane sultones, and lithium phosphofluoric acid. When overcharge occurs in battery, electric polyreaction takes place in the disclosed electrolyte, and polymerization membrane is generated at surface of electrode to make internal resistance of battery increase rapidly so as to prevent battery from overcharging further, and prevent explosion of battery from occurring effectively. At the same time, stable passive film on battery is formed in reduction procedure so as to make battery possess better storage capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, and it refers to a kind of constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable especially.
Background technology
At present, the low capacity lithium ion battery of 3C industry--the production as battery of mobile phone, cells in notebook computer etc. is tending towards saturated substantially, but jumbo power lithium-ion battery does not but still come into the market.Electric motor car and large-scale portable power source application are still plumbic acid system battery in occupation of leading position.The positive electrode of lithium ion battery is generally cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4 or lithium nickelate and all kinds of transition metal oxide that is doped with other element.The operating voltage of lithium ion battery is the 3.0V-4.2V scope, and rated voltage is 3.6V-3.7V.It adopts carbonates mixed solvent (as ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate etc.), and as electrolyte solvent, electrolytic salt commonly used is lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6) or LiBF4 (LiBF4).Electrolyte directly influences the electrical property of battery.
The material that the exothermic reaction of battery when improper use used with battery and the system that discharges and recharges of battery are relevant; therefore manage to improve battery material (electrolyte; both positive and negative polarity and barrier film) performance and the electric current that discharges and recharges of restriction be the basic thinking that solves battery safety; adopt following three kinds of methods to the safeguard protection of battery is normal: the one, in the assembly of the charger of battery or battery, add a circuit to prevent overcharging of battery; when overcharging,, the rising of inside battery air pressure cuts off inner circuit because starting external circuit; thereby or connecting the internal resistance cut-out electric current that can increase battery when the temperature of a thermistor at battery raises on the battery; the 2nd, utilize diaphragm cell overcharging or during short circuit; the rising of temperature makes the barrier film fusing; close wherein a large amount of apertures; this need select suitable barrier film thereby cut off electric current; because when big electric current; the heat that produces is very big; even after the diaphragm seals; the temperature of battery also can continue to rise; the security performance of battery still can not get effective guarantee; the third method is to utilize chemical method; promptly, reach the purpose of improving battery security by adjusting the composition of electrolyte.
Moreover, battery is when overcharging, the higher (＞4.3V of the current potential of electrode, vsLi/Li+) cause the decomposition of solvent easily, reaction raises the temperature of battery, cause the rising of vapor pressure solvent, thereby increase the interior pressure of battery, this is the immediate cause that causes the cell safety problem, so present technology is to be the decomposition voltage and the boiling point of solvent in the raising battery electrolyte with effective ways that improve battery safety, once the solvent that was used for electrolyte has diethoxy ethane, 1, the 3-dioxolanes, ether, oxolane, the 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl formate, methyl acetates etc. are because their boiling point is low or decomposition voltage is low, so be not applied, the general solvent that adopts of current electrolysis liquid is the mixed solvent of various carbonic esters, because the performance of various carbonic esters differs, have research to think to adjust the content of solvent in electrolyte can improve battery overcharge fail safe propene carbonate (PC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) can be embedded into the concurrent reaction of separating estranged in the graphite cathode in charge and discharge process, if reduce PC and the content of DEC in electrolyte, or adopt the appropriate solvent proportioning can improve the security performance of battery.
Battery is easy to overcharge under abuse condition, causes battery explosion, on fire, thereby cause immeasurable consequence, and flexible-packed battery easy inflatable that takes place when storing, battery performance influenced, the present invention prevents over-charging of battery, inflatable, guarantees that cell safety uses.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable, it is to utilize anti-inflatable additive, so that lithium ion battery can form stable passivating film (SEI film) at formation process, thereby make battery have excellent storage; Utilize anti-overcharge additive simultaneously, when battery overcharged, anti-overcharge additive generation electric polymerization reaction generated polymeric membrane at electrode surface, and the internal resistance of cell is increased rapidly, prevents that battery from further overcharging, thereby effectively stops battery to be blasted.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the present invention is a kind of constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable, the constituent of its electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate (EC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), cyclohexyl benzene (CHB), vinylene carbonate (VC), 1, the 3-propane sultone (1,3-PS), lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6); The present invention is when battery overcharges, and electrode surface generates polymeric membrane, and the internal resistance of cell is increased rapidly, prevents that battery from further overcharging, thereby effectively stops battery to be blasted; Lithium ion battery can form stable passivating film (SEI film) at formation process, thereby makes battery have excellent storage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1. can effectively stop battery that on fire, blast takes place, increase the fail safe of battery.
2. do not influence other electrical properties of lithium ion battery, can increase the storge quality of battery, especially can improve the high-temperature storage performance.
Embodiment
The lithium ion battery of knowing for solution overcharges the problem with inflatable, the invention provides anti-overcharge additive and anti-inflatable additive, to guarantee having anti-overcharge anti-inflatable function simultaneously under the normal situation of battery electrical property.
At first, the invention discloses the anti-overcharge flatulence-proof electrolytic solution of a kind of liquid lithium ionic cell, this electrolyte comprises following component: ethylene carbonate (EC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), cyclic group stupid (CHB), vinylene carbonate (VC), 1, the 3-propane sultone (1,3-PS), lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6).
Wherein, ethylene carbonate (EC) content is that 25～35w.t.%, methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) content are 25～35w.t.%, diethyl carbonate (DEC) content 25～35w.t.%., vinylene carbonate (VC) content 0.5～1w.t.%, 1, (1,3-PS) content is that 5～10w.t.%, cyclohexyl benzene (CHB) content are not more than 5%w.t.%, lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6) concentration is 0.9～1.2mol/L to the 3-propane sultone.All above-mentioned constituents are all LITHIUM BATTERY reagent, and purity is greater than 99.95%, and moisture is less than 20ppm.
When battery overcharged, electrolyte generation electric polymerization reaction of the present invention generated polymeric membrane at electrode surface, and the internal resistance of cell is increased rapidly, prevents that battery from further overcharging, thereby effectively stops battery to be blasted.Simultaneously, battery can form stable passivating film (SEI film) at formation process, thereby makes battery have excellent storage.And this electrolyte has the good high-temperature performance simultaneously, can significantly improve the high-temperature storage characteristics of battery, has excellent cycle performance.
Generally, liquid lithium ionic cell is easy to overcharge under abuse condition, causes battery explosion.Use anti-overcharge electrolyte, do not influence the chemical property of battery, and under the situation that battery overcharges, anti-overcharge additive generation electropolymerization in the electrolyte, form polymer film at electrode surface, inside battery resistance is increased rapidly, can prevent effectively that battery from further overcharging, thereby stop battery to be blasted.
This electrolyte has the good high-temperature performance simultaneously, can show the high-temperature storage characteristics of improving battery, has excellent cycle performance.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable, it is characterized in that: this electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclohexyl benzene, vinylene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, lithium hexafluoro phosphate.
2, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: ethylene carbonate content is 25～35w.t.%.
3, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the methyl ethyl carbonate ester content is 25～35w.t.%.
4, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: diethyl carbonate content is 25～35w.t.%..
5, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vinylene carbonate content is 0.5～1.0w.t.%.
6, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 1, and 3-propane sultone content is 5～10w.t.%.
7, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cyclohexyl benzene content is not more than 5%w.t.%.
8, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the hexafluorophosphoric acid lithium concentration is 0.9～1.2mol/L.
9, the constituent with lithium-ion battery electrolytes of anti-overcharge and anti-inflatable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: all above-mentioned constituents are all LITHIUM BATTERY reagent, and purity is greater than 99.95%, and moisture is less than 20ppm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101439196A CN101093901A (en) | 2007-08-14 | 2007-08-14 | Constituents of electrolyte of lithium ion battery possessing function of guarding against over charge, and gaseous distention |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101439196A CN101093901A (en) | 2007-08-14 | 2007-08-14 | Constituents of electrolyte of lithium ion battery possessing function of guarding against over charge, and gaseous distention |
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| CN101093901A true CN101093901A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101299471B (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2010-06-09 | 深圳市雷天电源技术有限公司 | Composite electrolytic solution of lithium ion power battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN101901932A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-12-01 | 江西省福斯特新能源有限公司 | Quick-chargeable, high-security and high-multiplying-power battery and production method thereof |
| CN106785037A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 河南华瑞高新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes for ternary material battery |
| CN112436190A (en) * | 2019-08-25 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳格林德能源集团有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-08-14 CN CNA2007101439196A patent/CN101093901A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101299471B (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2010-06-09 | 深圳市雷天电源技术有限公司 | Composite electrolytic solution of lithium ion power battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN101901932A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-12-01 | 江西省福斯特新能源有限公司 | Quick-chargeable, high-security and high-multiplying-power battery and production method thereof |
| CN101901932B (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2015-07-08 | 江西省福斯特新能源有限公司 | Quick-chargeable, high-security and high-multiplying-power battery and production method thereof |
| CN106785037A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 河南华瑞高新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes for ternary material battery |
| CN106785037B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-07-26 | 河南华瑞高新材料有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes for ternary material battery |
| CN112436190A (en) * | 2019-08-25 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳格林德能源集团有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery thereof |
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