CN101091332B - Methods and apparatus for fast downlink information of uplink out-of-synchronization - Google Patents

Abstract

Information systems, detectors, and methods for a communication link, such as the downlink of a cellular telephone system, reduce the problem of uplink transmit power peaks when the uplink is out of synchronization (OoS). One method of indicating that a first link to a communication node is OoS includes the step of including an OoS signal in signals that are sent by the node on a second link. The OoS signal includes at least one data bit transmitted by the node that indicates that the first link is synchronized or OoS. A method of determining that a first link to a communication node is OoS includes the step of detecting an OoS signal in signals that are sent by the node on a second link. The OoS signal includes at least one data bit that indicates that the first link is synchronized or OoS, comprising a change-of-sign of symbols, a power level offset between information elements or different scale factors on the pilot symbols. When the first link is OoS, transmit power control commands from the second link are excluded from determining transmit power on the first link.

Description

The method and apparatus of fast downlink information of uplink out-of-synchronization

Background

The present invention relates to have the communication system of synchronous transmitter and receiver, and more particularly, relate to transmitter indication asynchronously with receiver, and even more particularly, relate to the transmitter and receiver in radio telephone system.

Digital communication system comprises time division multiple access (TDMA) system, as meet GSM telecommunication standard and picture GSM/EDGE the powerful cellular radiotelephone system of increasing, and comprise code division multiple access (CDMA) system, as meet the cellular radiotelephone system of IS-95, cdma2000 and wideband CDMA (WCDMA) telecommunication standard.Digital communication system also comprises " mixing " TDMA and cdma system, as meet the cellular radiotelephone system of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) standard, the third generation (3G) mobile system that this standard specifies Liao You ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) develops in the IMT-2000 framework of International Telecommunications Union (ITU).Third generation partner program (3GPP) has been issued UMTS standard.For simplicity's sake, the application concentrates in WCDMA system, but will understand, and the principle described in the application can be implemented in other digital communication system.

WCDMA is based on direct sequence spread spectrum skill, in down link (base station is to terminal) direction, separates base station and physical channel (terminal or user) respectively by pseudo noise scrambler and orthogonal channel code.Because all users in cdma system share identical radio resource, therefore, importantly each physical channel is not used over its required power.This controls (TPC) mechanism by transmitting power and realizes, and in this mechanism, among others, base station sends TPC order to user.TPC order makes user increase or reduce its transmitted power level by increment, thereby keeps the target sir (SIR) of the DPCH (DPCH) between base station and user.Here use WCDMA term, but will understand, other system has corresponding term.Scrambler and channel code and transmitting power are controlled well known in the art.

Fig. 1 illustrates mobile radio cellular telecommunication system 10, and this system can be for example CDMA or WCDMA communication system.Radio network controller (RNC) 12,14 is controlled different radio network functionality, for example, comprises the foundation of radio access bearer, diversity switching etc.More generally, each RNC calls out through suitable base station (BS) guiding travelling carriage (MS) or remote terminal, these base stations communicate mutually by down link (that is, base station to travelling carriage or forward direction) and up link (that is, travelling carriage to base station or reverse) channel.RNC 12 is depicted as and is coupled to BS 16,18,20, and RNC 14 is depicted as and is coupled to BS 22,24,26.Each BS is a geographic area service, and this region may be partitioned into one or more communities.BS 26 is depicted as has 5 antenna sector S1-S5, and this can be described as and forms BS26 community.BS is coupled to its corresponding RNC by dedicated telephone line, optical fiber link, microwave link etc.RNC 12,14, by one or more core network nodes of picture mobile switching centre's (not shown) and/or packet radio service node (not shown), is connected with external networks such as PSTN (PSTN), internet.

At user terminal during with respect to base station movement, and may conversely, by handover process, remain on and connect.For example, in cell phone system, while moving on to another community in user Cong Yige community, user's connection is switched to another base station from a base station.Early stage communication system is used direct-cut operation, and in direct-cut operation, the base station of the first community (covering the community that user will leave) stops communicating with user in the time of will just in time in the second base station, (community that covering user will enter) starts to communicate by letter.Modern system is generally used soft handover, and in soft handover, user is connected to two or more base stations simultaneously.In Fig. 1, MS 28,30 is shown under diversity switch instances and communicates with a plurality of base stations.MS 28 and BS 16,18,20 communicate, and MS 30 communicates with BS 20,22.Control link between RNC 12,14 allows to carry out diversity communication through BS 20,22 and MS 30.

During soft handover (SHO), terminal receives TPC order from a more than base station, and researches and develops and draw for the treatment of the method for the conflict between the TPC order from different base station.Due to when user terminal or equipment (UE) leave Yi Ge community, the base station of this community receives the signal dying down gradually, so TPC order request increasing power of this base station, and user terminal may enter new community simultaneously, and the base station of new community receives the signal of grow gradually, thereby the TPC order request of new base station reduction power, therefore, there is conflict in expection.In meeting the system of 3GPP, UE is combined by the TPC order from reliable down link and logical "or" function, and this causes UE transmitting power to reduce when any reliable order indication " reduction ".In the physical layer proce-dures (Physical layer procedures, FDD) of the 5.1.2.2.2.3 of 3GPP TS 25.214 (V5.6.0) Rel.5 (2003) part, this is described.

"or" TPC combination reliably can be implemented by different way in UE, for example, by dependability threshold value, " in the power control command combination of WCDMA during soft handoff " (N.Wiberg, H.Rong, F.Gunnarsson and B.Lindoff, " Combining of powercontrol commands during soft handover in WCDMA ", Proc.of the 14thlnt ' l Symposiumon Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communication (PIMRC), 2003) in, this is described.The other side of TPC has been described in authorizing the people's such as A.Andersson the United States Patent (USP) 6594499 that is entitled as " downlink power in cellular telecommunication network is controlled " (Downlink Power Control ina Cellular Telecommunications Network).

Soft handover in WCDMA and other 3G communication system relates to active set renewal-ADD process, and this process for example has description in above-mentioned 3GPP TS 25.214.UE is to network-reporting event 1A (radio link interpolation), and RNC notifies new base-station node B to start up link (UL) synchronously.When in RNC, receive from Node B acknowledge message time, " active set renewal-ADD " message is transmitted into UE, meanwhile, new node B starts in the upper transmitting of down link (DL).Realize UL synchronous before, the TPC order request UE that Node B is launched on new DL increases its transmitting power; According to the 5.1.2.2.1.2 part of TS 25.214, TPC command sequence is ... 11111....UE receives " active set renewal-ADD " message and is decoded, and afterwards, the physical layer of terminal starts combination from the DL information of Node B and " old " base-station node A, comprises TPC order.

Depending on channel condition, the UL when entering soft handover or add link in soft handover synchronously can spend 100 milliseconds (ms) or even longer.This delay is mainly because Node B is not known UE, this forced node B searches for its whole community, and the common low-power of UL signal and the low quantity of UL DPCCH pilot tone that receive due to Node B, this forced node B receives a large amount of symbols before obtaining reliable channel and path estimation.

For reducing this time delay, it is synchronous to start UL the 3rd layer of " active set renewal " message is transmitted into UE that the physical layer in Node B (the 1st layer) obtains the 3rd layer of information from RNC, has impact the period that this time delay is open loop on the TPC on new UL and DL.Although because this improvement amount of bringing is difficult to calculate, at least one RNC daily record, existing the delay is only the indication of 30-40ms for Node B.Compare with DL, UL (Node B) has at least two other advantages regularly when synchronous setting up: this is long as 20ms for active set update message, and UE needs the time to process it subsequently.The processing time of UE is depended in the architecture of UE and terminal the present load on processing unit in real time.Before terminal starts to combine the new DL information on the 1st layer, in terminal, can there is the further delay of 30-50ms.In DL, the summation of these delays is approximately 100ms, this means and can expect at least in synchronously (sync) approximately synchronous beginning of 100ms generation UL before occurring of DL.Yet the synchronous end of UL can occur in UE and receives active set update message and start after the power control command of combination from new base station.In this case, there is UL power peak (power peak) the i.e. possibility of the control ring problem of too large UL power or the too little UL power form of UL power valley (power dip).

Field experiment shows the phenomenon at during soft handoff that current TPC method is not obviously forbidden.When terminal or subscriber equipment enter soft handover or add communication link in soft handovers, if the initial downlink link power on new link is established get Tai Gao, and if when UE starts to combine down link TPC order (, receiving and process after " active set renewal " message) new node B fails to realize uplink synchronisation in 30-40ms, in up link (UE is to base station) transmitting power, can observe the peak value of 20-40dB.In test, also observe at the scene, after the communication link set up in SHO is synchronous, this link has necessarily may become asynchronous (OoS).If there is this situation, conventionally can in a process, make this link re-synchronization, this process is identical with the process in initial synchronisation situation, and therefore will have the possibility of large UL transmission power peak.

Because UL synchronously needs the time, in soft handover, the UL of the connection of new or re-synchronization and the TPC on DL can open loop operation 100-200ms, and this type of long delay can think to occur in transmitting power the main cause of peak value.These power peaks have disturbed other user, thereby can throw into question to user and system on the whole.In the U.S. Patent application 10/839926 that is entitled as " synchronization detecting method and equipment " (SynchronizationDetection Methods and Apparatus) of being submitted to by people such as B.Lindoff on May 6th, 2004, UL synchronization detecting method and equipment have been described.

General introduction

Therefore the OoS reporting system and the detector that, wish for DL reduce UL spike problem in such cases.

Aspect of applicant's invention, a kind of nonsynchronous method of indication the first communication link is included in the step that the signal sending on second communication link comprises OoS signal.OoS signal comprises that indication first communication link of transmitting is synchronous or at least one data bit of OoS.

On the other hand, a kind of method that definite the first communication link is OoS is included in the step that detects OoS signal in the signal sending on second communication link.OoS signal comprises that indication the first communication link is synchronous or at least one data bit of OoS.

Aspect another, a kind of communication node that is applicable to transmit and receive electromagnetic signal comprises: detector, is applicable to determine that whether the first receiver is synchronous; And device, in response to detector, the signal that is applicable to launch on the second link comprises OoS signal.OoS signal comprises that indication the first receiver is synchronous or at least one data bit of OoS.

On the other hand, a kind of communication terminal that is applicable to transmit and receive electromagnetic signal comprises: device, and the electromagnetic signal being applicable to from receiving at the first link is recovered information, and this information comprises that frequency pilot sign and transmitting power control (TPC) order; Control unit, is applicable to control based on TPC order the power level of the electromagnetic signal launched on the second link by terminal; And detector, be applicable to monitor the information of recovering is to observe in the signal receiving on the first link whether have OoS signal, wherein OoS signal comprises that indication the second link is synchronous or at least one data bit of OoS.

Still having on the other hand, a kind of communication system comprises: at least one base station, be applicable to propagate and receiving electromagnetic signals, and wherein electromagnetic signal comprises at least one Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) and at least one DPCH (DPCH); And at least one subscriber equipment, be applicable to electromagnetic signal propagation at least one base station and the electromagnetic signal receiving from least one base station.Subscriber equipment comprises: device, be applicable to recover information from CPICH and DPCH, and this information comprises frequency pilot sign and TPC order; And control unit, be applicable to the power level based on transmitter in TPC order control subscriber equipment.Base station comprises and is applicable to determine the whether synchronous detector of up link (UL) from subscriber equipment; And when detector determines that UL is OoS, base station changes the DPCH frequency pilot sign that propagates into subscriber equipment.

Also having on the other hand, a kind of method that the first link that is indicated to communication node is OoS comprises the following steps: by node, check whether UL is OoS; If the first link synchronization is launched the frequency pilot sign with the first conversion factor on the second link; And if the first link is OoS, on the second link, transmitting has the frequency pilot sign of the second conversion factor.

Aspect another, the method of the transmitting power on a kind of the first link that is controlled at communication node comprises the following steps: the conversion factor that detects the frequency pilot sign receiving on the second link, if the first link synchronization wherein, the frequency pilot sign with the first conversion factor detected, and if the first link is OoS, the frequency pilot sign with the second conversion factor detected; If the frequency pilot sign with the second conversion factor detected, in TPC command in combination, be limited in the TPC order receiving on the second link; And if the frequency pilot sign with the first conversion factor detected, in TPC command in combination, be included in the TPC order receiving on the second link.

Still having on the other hand, a kind of method that UL that determines communication node in subscriber equipment is OoS comprises the following steps: the TPC order of the renewal relatively receiving from node and older TPC order; If the output signal generating from comparison step surpasses threshold value, be that DL measure signal interference from node is than (SIR); And the SIR based on measured, determine whether node is following the TPC order that sends to node in UL.If node is not being followed TPC order, determine it is OoS.

Accompanying drawing summary

Read in conjunction with the drawings this explanation, will understand different qualities, object and the advantage of applicant's invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of communication system;

Fig. 2 is according to base station and the receiver block diagram of applicant's invention;

Fig. 3 is according to the method flow diagram of applicant's invention;

Fig. 4 A, 4B, 4C are according to other method flow diagram of applicant's invention; And

Fig. 5 is according to the other method flow chart of applicant's invention.

Describe in detail

The invention describes and a kind ofly in synchronous up link, become the method that reduces the possibility of UL transmission power peak when asynchronous.For simplicity, this explanation concentrates in WCDMA system, but is not limited to this type systematic by understanding the present invention.

UE know a kind of mode that its UL is OoS at the node such as base station be by UL OoS signal leading in the control signal of at least this node and UE exchange.This type of control signal can be the one or more data bit by node (specifically Node B) transmitting, and these one or more data bit can tell UE at UE, to synchronize with the UL between this special joint B or asynchronous.For example, data bit=1 can be indicated synchronously, and that data bit=0 can be indicated is asynchronous.By this type of control signal, UE can detect transmitting synchronous/different steps, and as long as sync status is indicated in this position, UE just can comprise the TPC command stream from this Node B in its TPC command in combination.If detect OoS position by UE, OoS detected, UE can stop comprising the TPC order from this Node B, or reduces its trust to the TPC order from this Node B.Therefore, base station (that is, receiver) is to UE (that is, transmitter) indication synchronization loss, and transmitter operates according to indication.

This indication is the information of single-bit, can be embodied as like a cork the sign symbol change of predetermined symbol, and with embodied in other in greater detail below.In the communication system such as WCDMA system, facilitating available predetermined symbol is the frequency pilot sign in the upper transmitting of DPCH (DPCH) of UE by BS.BS is also at the upper transmitting of Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) frequency pilot sign, and UE is generally used CPICH frequency pilot sign in the impulse response of radio channel of estimating BS.To recognize, due to the general higher signal noise ratio of CPICH, UE is used CPICH pilot tone to carry out channel estimating, rather than DPCH pilot tone, but UE is still used DPCH pilot tone, is mainly used in SIR and estimates, that is, for DL power, control.

Correspondingly, UE advantageously compares the sign symbol of CPICH frequency pilot sign and the sign symbol of DPCH pilot tone.If it is different that UE determines sign symbol, UE determines that its UL is OoS (certainly, vice versa), and subsequently, UE can not comprise the TPC order being sent by this node in the TPC command in combination with from other BS.Base station determines when UL is synchronous, and base station makes the sign symbol of its DPCH frequency pilot sign identical from the sign symbol of its CPICH symbol (can certainly be different).UE detects change (for example, UE determines that DPCH and CPICH frequency pilot sign have identical sign symbol), and starts to intercept the TPC order of this base station.

Indicate in this way OoS should be easy to implement in many current networks, and due to during OoS without more senior signaling, therefore, OoS detection and response can carry out fast.For guaranteeing and not utilizing the UE of these indications compatible, UE should have the quick OoS notification capabilities described in the application by this UE of informing base station in its 3rd layer of control signal.For example, UE can comprise that applicable mark, information word or message indicates it to have this ability by set up message transmission in connection.

Fig. 2 comprises the communication system block diagram of base station 200 and user equipment (UE) 250 according to applicant's invention.This communication system for example generally can comprise a plurality of base stations that can be simultaneously communicate with UE at during soft handoff, and each base station in these base stations all can identify by applicable index i.

Base station generally comprises the transmitting antenna 202 and the reception antenna 204 that receives the electromagnetic signal being sent by UE 250 and other remote terminal to UE 250 and other remote terminal by electromagnetic signal propagation.To understand, although antenna 202,204 is depicted as different antennas, they are without so.As mentioned above, the signal being sent by base station 200 in the system as WCDMA system comprises a plurality of common signal channels, and as CPICH, the channel code of the base station of encoder 206 by these channels and in using is combined.The quantity N of the dedicated channel of being launched by base station in any special occasion can pass through corresponding multiplexer/channel encoder 208-1 ..., 208-N produces, each multiplexer/channel encoder is combined by the data flow of dedicated channel and known frequency pilot sign.Encoder 206,208-1 ..., the output example of 208-N is as adder 210 combinations by being applicable to, and by the applicable device 212 such as " XOR (EX-OR) " combiner, result and predetermined scrambler is combined.Subsequently this result is provided to transmitting antenna 202, while needing, carries out before this suitable up-conversion and amplification.

UE 250 such as mobile terminal in WCDMA communication system generally transmits and receives radio signal by antenna 252.These signals are generated by the transmitter 254 and the receiver section that are applicable to, and transmitter utilizes base-band information and it is up-converted to radio frequency, and receiver section will receive signal down-conversion sampling.As Fig. 2 schematically as shown in, the signal of antenna reception is provided to channel estimator 256, this estimator is by the DPCH despreading of Common Pilot Channel and UE, the frequency pilot sign that recovery comprises on CPICH and DPCH, while needing, determine received signal level, and estimate the impulse response of radio channel.Some contents based on this information, 258 combinations of Rake combiner receive the echo of data, and output signal are provided to the symbol detector 260 of generation information, and this information is further processed to be applicable to specific communication system.To understand, although antenna 252 is depicted as single antenna, it can be embodied as the different antennas that transmits and receives.

Rake combination is well known in this area with channel estimating.In following file, describe the different aspect of Rake receiver: G.Turin and shown " spread spectrum anti-multipath technology introduction and city digital radio application thereof " (" Introduction to Spread-Spectrum AntimultipathTechniques and Their Application to Urban Digital Radio ", Proc.IEEE, vol.68, pp.328-353 (in March, 1980); Authorize the United States Patent (USP) 5305349 that is entitled as " quantized coherent Rake receiver " (Quantized Coherent Rake Receiver) of Dent; Authorize the United States Patent (USP) 6363104 that is entitled as " eliminating the method and apparatus disturbing for Rake receiver " (Method and Apparatus for Interference Cancellation in a RakeReceiver) of Bottomley; And the United States Patent (USP) 6801565 that is entitled as " multistage Rake combined method and equipment " (Multi-Stage Rake Combining Methods and Apparatus) of authorizing the people such as Wang; And the people's such as Wang the U.S. Patent Application Publication specification 2001/0028677 that is entitled as " for equipment and the method for Rake receiver rake pin the delayed selection culture " (Apparatus and Methods for Finger DelaySelection in Rake Receivers).Channel estimating for example has description in the U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/519261 that is entitled as " adaptive interpolation channel estimating " (Channel Estimation by Adaptive Interpolation) of L.Wilhelmsson.

Except CPICH and DPCH frequency pilot sign, estimator 256 also recovers control character, comprises coming the TPC order of each node such as base station 200 that self terminal is connected to, and combination is from the TPC command stream of every link in the active set of UE.Order based on detecting, control unit 262 generates the combination TPC order that is provided to transmitter 254, and the response of this transmitter is the transmitting power that increases or reduce terminal.If only have a link in active set, combining TPC order is just a TPC command stream for this specific link detecting.

The known several method of determining and combining TPC order, as being entitled as of the people such as Nilsson (Methods that " uses biasing to explain method, receiver and the computer program of determining transmission power control command ", Receivers, and Computer Program Product for DeterminingTransmission Power Control Commands Using Biased Interpretation) those methods described in U.S. Patent Application Publication specification US 2004/0058700.By the node such as Node B, sending to UE can be different in different networks to control the DL TPC pattern of UL power.For example, even if the indication of 3GPP standard should be used height-rise type TPC pattern, but network can change the pattern that sends repeatedly (toggling pattern) into,, can comprise once in a while that (lifting) that rise order of " additionally " is to sequence that is.In the 5.1.2.2.1.2 part of 3GPP TS 25.214, discussed pattern repeatedly.

Reception antenna 204 by the signal of the remote terminal transmitting such as UE 250 by base station receives, base station comprise N detector 214-1 ..., 214-N, these detector processes are from the signal of corresponding remote terminal and recover the information of transmission.These detectors voluntarily its corresponding signal are synchronous, and this is typical case in digital communication system.For various reasons, detector 214 may be lost synchronously, that is, detector becomes asynchronous.Corresponding OoS detector 216-1 ..., 216-N advantageously detects asynchronous situation, but will understand, and can share one or more OoS detectors between receive channel.OoS detector 216-1 ..., 216-N produces corresponding output signal, by these signals be provided to combiner 218-1 ..., 218-N, combiner is combined with corresponding DPCH pilot symbol stream by OoS signal.Each OoS detector 216 can be embodied as comparator, determines that whether the estimation of UL SIR is higher than certain threshold value; If it is higher than threshold value, UL is synchronous, otherwise UL is OoS.The SIR of UL channel 1-N estimates to be determined by the processor 220 being applicable to, and the method for multiple estimation SIR is well known in this area.Typically use known symbol that frequency pilot sign launch on one or more channels and estimate signal power S and the interference power I of channel.Such as described SIR estimation in the people's such as J.Nilsson the U.S. Patent application 10/700855 that is entitled as " using the alternately Interference Estimation of scrambler in cdma system " (Interference Estimation in CDMA Systems Using AlternativeScrambling Codes).

As mentioned above, when OoS detector 216 detects asynchronous situation, its output signal change, its changing mode is correspondingly changed DPCH frequency pilot sign.For example, OoS output signal may be+1 under sync status, and under asynchronous situation, is-1, and combiner 218 can be binary multiplier.Result is that DPCH frequency pilot sign is multiplied by conversion factor+1, is multiplied by conversion factor-1 when asynchronous when the receiver of base station and the transmitter of UE are synchronizeed.Certainly, will understand, contrary situation may occur, and, when synchronous, is multiplied by-1 that is, and be multiplied by when asynchronous+1.

At UE, the polarity of DPCH frequency pilot sign is detected by channel estimator 256, and this estimator recovers the frequency pilot sign comprising on the CPICH from this base station and DPCH.If polarity is equally for sync status as expected, for example+1, is delivered to control unit 262 by applicable indication, and control unit can be arranged in UE and determine in its appropriate transmitted power level that use is from the TPC order of base station.If polarity is different from expection, for example, against one's expectation, applicable indication is delivered to control unit 262, control unit can be arranged in UE and determine and in its appropriate transmitted power level, do not comprise the TPC order from base station.

Fig. 3 is according to the method flow diagram of applicant's invention.In step 302, its quick OoS detectability of UE informing network, for example, comprises suitable information word by the message exchanging during connecting foundation.If all UE have applicant's quick OoS detectability, if or network pay no attention to UE and lack this ability, do not need this preliminary step.

For example, when UE is in SHO, the base station in active set checks whether its corresponding UL from UE is OoS (step 304).If UL is synchronous, conversion factor+1 is applied to the DL DPCH pilot tone p that (being multiplied by) is transmitted into UE, and flow process turns back to step 304.If UL is OoS, conversion factor-1 is applied to (being multiplied by) DL DPCH pilot tone p, and starts re-synchronization process (step 306).According to a re-synchronization process, DL transmitted power level is fixed on special level, and in down link transmitting such as ..., rise, rise, rise ... or ..., ascending, descending, ascending, descending, liter ... the special sequence of TPC order.

As mentioned above, UE detects UL OoS situation, for example, and by checking from frequency pilot sign p or the channel estimating (step 308) of CPICH and DPCH acquisition.If OoS detected, UE is not used from the DL TPC order with the BS of OoS UL in its TPC combinational algorithm.In step 310, whether BS is checked through the UL of this BS synchronous, and if asynchronous, flow process turns back to step 306, and DPCH pilot tone p is launched together with-1 conversion factor.When UL is again synchronous, the BS conversion factor of its DPCH pilot tone is changed to+1 (step 312).UE detects conversion factor change, and this indicates its UL for synchronous, and starts again in its TPC command in combination algorithm, to use the TPC order (step 314) from this BS.

When the UL of UE becomes OoS in SHO, changing applicant's method of the conversion factor of DL DPCH frequency pilot sign can implement in all system's operating modes, and in these modes, channel estimating can be based on CPICH (main or inferior CPICH) frequency pilot sign.This type of mode for example comprises normal mode (that is,, without beam forming, wherein only having the DPCH pilot tone will be for channel estimating) and Open-Loop Transmit Diversity.Although become nonsynchronous situation with regard to up link in the above, describe the method, when UE enters SHO or add link in SHO, also can use the method.In such cases, DPCH frequency pilot sign for example has negative sign, until UL is synchronous.

If CPICH can be used for DPCH channel estimating, should notice that the relation of interchannel is as follows:

$H_{i,j}^{\mathrm{DPCH}}={\mathrm{\γ}}_j{H}_{i,j}^{\mathrm{CPICH}}$

Wherein, i=1 ..., N _pfrom BS in active set _jthe numbering of radio path (that is, the signal rake pin of using in the Rake of receiver part), wherein, j=1 ..., N _bS, and γ _j> 0 is real-valued conversion factor, is all identical, but is different for different BS for all radio paths.Therefore, in DPCH pilot tone, detect the sign symbol and detection γ of change _jsign symbol identical.The method of known estimation conversion factor γ has been described at least some methods wherein in the above-mentioned people's such as J.Nilsson U.S. Patent application 10/700855.Any applicable method can be carried out by UE, for example, in control unit 262, carry out.

For this type of situation, Fig. 4 A shows a kind of demonstration OoS detection method, and the method is included as each base station BS in each receiving slot and active set _jestimate conversion factor γ _jstep (step 402).If the γ estimating _i> 0, and UE is used from BS in forming its TPC command in combination _jdL TPC order (step 404,406).If the γ estimating _j< 0, and UE does not comprise from BS in its TPC command in combination _jdL TPC order (step 404,408).

To understand, the method can change as shown in Figure 4 B, for example, and by estimating H _{i, j} ^dPCHand H _{i, j} ^cPICH(step 412), and the sign symbol (step 414) of comparison DPCH and CPICH channel estimating.If for BS _j, sign symbol is identical, in TPC combination, comprises from BS _jdL TPC order (step 416).If sign symbol is different, in TPC combination, do not comprise from BS _jdL TPC order (step 418).

In some communication systems such as some WCDMA systems, may come to send OoS signal to UE by the change sign symbol method of Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, this is because some UE may be used DPCH pilot tone as the phase reference in its detector.This type systematic can be used following signaling procedure, this process recognize BS can be freely with other data element of its DPCH pilot tone of higher (or lower) power emission and/or TPC order or relevant this aspect.For example, current WCDMA standard allows with different power level DPCH pilot tones and TPC order, and these power bias are by the PO3 for pilot tone and these two parameter-definitions of PO2 for ordering.

BS or other node can carry out in DL, to send in the following manner UL OoS signal with these power bias.If UL is synchronous, PO2 and PO3 level can be made as equally, for example, equal the value of 0dB with respect to the data bit of launching on DPCH.If UL is OoS, PO2 level can increase, for example, be increased to+3dB or+value or another the applicable value of 6dB, and PO3 Level hold is constant.Certainly, will understand, alternatively, PO3 level can increase, and PO2 Level hold is constant, and a level even can reduce with respect to another level, but reduce, may bring other problem.

For UE, remain unchanged be estimate between DPCH pilot tone and TPC order or out of Memory unit that DL signal comprises between power level setover.Based on receiving signal amplitude or received signal power, this estimation can complete in several ways.In example below, PO2 signal amplitude change+3dB, and testing process is similar to above-mentioned explanation.

Relation between DPCH pilot channel and TPC command channel is as follows:

$H_{i,j}^{\mathrm{TPC}}{u}_{\mathrm{TPC},j}={\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_j^{\mathrm{TPC}/\mathrm{DPCH}}{H}_{i,j}^{\mathrm{DPCH}}$

Wherein, i=1 ..., N _pfrom BS in active set _jthe numbering (that is, the numbering of the signal rake pin of using in the Rake of receiver or G-Rake part) of radio path, wherein, j=1 ..., N _bS, and γ is expressed as follows:

${\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_j^{\mathrm{TPC}/\mathrm{DPCH}}=\sqrt{2}$

And being real-valued conversion factor, is all identical to all radio paths from certain special BS, but is different for different BS.In addition u, _{tPC, J}from BS _jtPC order.

If to BS _juL be synchronous, conversion factor ${\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_j^{\mathrm{TPC}/\mathrm{DPCH}}=1.$ UE can be used the above-mentioned technology that for example can carry out in control unit 262 to estimate γ, for the channel estimation process of TPC channel estimating, is supposing u _{tPC, j}=1.Generally, when UL is while being synchronous, the estimated value of γ will be less than 1, and this is because TPC order will be+1 or " liter " and-1 or " falling " under synchronous situation.

If to BS _juL asynchronous, ${\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_j^{\mathrm{TPC}/\mathrm{DPCH}}=\sqrt{2}$ UE estimates conversion factor γ as before, and the estimated value of γ should be approximately , this be because when UL is OoS all the time or almost all the time from BS _jtransmitting TPC " liters " order or+1.

UE only needs to determine that it is about that its γ estimates subsequently still being less than this, to be worth to detect its UL be synchronous or OoS.To understand, the sign symbol of change " liter " and " falling " order can not changed basic principle of operation in this example.

Fig. 4 C illustrates a kind of demonstration OoS detection method, and each BS that the method is included as in each receiving slot and active set estimates conversion factor γ _j ^tPC/DPCHstep (step 422).If the estimation of conversion factor γ is less than threshold value A, UE is used from BS in forming its TPC command in combination _jdL TPC order (step 424,426).If the estimation of conversion factor γ is greater than threshold value A, UE does not comprise the DL TPC order (step 424,428) from BSj in its TPC command in combination.

Threshold value A can be optimized in advance, and changes with quantity of TPC order in time slot and DPCH pilot tone etc.Threshold value A also can change with spreading factor.In addition, in detection procedure, can introduce sluggishness.For example, at γ, estimate to be greater than at about 0.7 o'clock, UL can detect OoS, and subsequently only γ estimate to drop to be less than at about 0.3 o'clock and just detect synchronous.

Applicant has recognized that and allows UE know another mode that its UL is OoS, and this mode is without any modification or extra control signal.Node B in SHO is lost UL when synchronous, node is generally fixed on certain special level by its DL power, this is because when UL is OoS, node cannot " be heard " the TPC order of launching from UE in UL, and node starts re-synchronization process, for example, node transmitting TPC order, require " rise, liter ... ".Therefore, and as shown in Figure 5, another of control unit 262 or UE be applicable to part can be relatively from participating in the TPC order of the renewal that each Node B of SHO receives and older TPC order, for example, by for each Node B, calculate up-to-date time slot and before ratio (step 502) between TPC order during time slot.If these relatively in the output of any comparison higher than threshold value (step 504), the Node B corresponding to this comparison may mainly send " liter " order, and this can to regard UL as may be the sign (step 506) of OoS.In response to this indication, UE is the DL measurement reception SIR (step 508) corresponding to this Node B.If UL is OoS, at least to compare with the SIR from thering is the Node B that UL synchronizes, DL power will be constant, and the reception SIR of this link will be roughly constant, and the TPC order of the UE therefore launching in following UL.By determining that for example the SIR of this DL changes, and relatively this changes the TPC order (step 510) with the UE of transmitting, can make OoS definite.If this changes lower than threshold value, represent that DL, not according to the TPC command operation of UE, detects OoS (step 512).

Can also note the difference between the SIR of continuous slot, and difference is relevant to the TPC order of launching in up link.If DL follows the TPC order of transmitting, the pattern that SIR changes should be followed the pattern of TPC order.For example, if the pattern of the TPC order of launching in up link be ..., 1 ,-1 ,-1,1,1 ..., the pattern that SIR changes in theory should be ..., SIR+1, SIR, SIR-1, SIR, SIR+1 ....To understand, SIR is just the value before a TPC order shown in this example.Yet due to the fading channel of down link and different path loss values, the changing pattern of SIR may not can repeat TPC command mode completely.Therefore, by filter passes SIR changing pattern, and by filter output be provided to can be relatively when the changing pattern of filtering and the correlator of expectancy model meeting favourable.Comparator can be relatively correlated with and be exported and applicable threshold value, and if relevant, surpasses threshold value, and DL is following the TPC order of transmitting; Otherwise, determine OoS situation.Conventional finite impulse response (FIR) or infinite impulse response (IIR) filter of the applicable threshold value that has the time constant (that is, several frames) of about 20-100ms and can rule of thumb determine can be implemented by the processor of the applicable programming such as processor 262 like a cork.

To understand, repeat when needed said process, for example, to respond the time varying characteristic of the communication channel between transmitter and receiver.For ease of understanding, according to the action sequence that for example can be carried out by the unit of programmable computer system, many aspects of applicant's invention are described.To recognize, program command or both combinations that different actions can for example, be carried out by special circuit (, being connected to each other to carry out discrete logic gates or the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) of dedicated functions), one or more processor are carried out.

In addition, applicant's invention can be considered as being completely contained in any type of computer-readable recording medium in addition, stores suitable instruction set for using or be combined with it as computer based system, the system that comprises processor or instruction execution system, equipment or the device that can obtain instruction and carry out other system of instruction from medium in medium.Any parts that while using herein, " computer-readable medium " can be for can comprise, storage, transmission, propagation or conveying program are used or are combined with it for instruction execution system, equipment or device.Computer-readable medium can be for example but be not limited to electronics, magnetic, optics, electromagnetism, infrared or semiconductor system, unit or propagation medium.Computer-readable medium more specifically example (non exhaustive list) comprises electrical connection, portable computer diskette, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (EPROM or flash memory) and the optical fiber with one or more line.

Therefore, the present invention can be presented as many multi-form, the not form of ownership of describing in the above, and all this type of forms will be considered as within the scope of the present invention.For each aspect of different aspect of the present invention, any this type of form can be described as " logic is configured to " and carries out described action, or is called " logic " of carrying out described action.

Be stressed that, term " comprises " points out to exist described characteristic, integral body, step or assembly while using in this application, and do not get rid of, does not exist or adds one or more other characteristics, integral body, step, assembly or its combination.

Above-mentioned specific embodiments is illustrative, and should not be considered as by any way restrictive.Scope of the present invention is determined by the claims of enclosing, and is intended to all changes within the scope of claims and equivalent to be included in wherein.

Claims (19)

1. a method for indication the first communication link asynchronous (OoS), is included in the step that the signal of launching on second communication link comprises OoS signal,

Wherein said OoS signal is included in the power level biasing between the information word that the described signal that sends on described second communication link comprises,

Or wherein said OoS signal comprises that described the first link of indication is synchronous or at least one symbol of OoS, and wherein said OoS signal comprises the sign symbol change of described at least one symbol.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein said information word is frequency pilot sign and the emissive power control command of launching in DPCH.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein said at least one symbol is the frequency pilot sign in the upper transmitting of DPCH (DPCH).

4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein at described the first communication link when synchronous, the sign symbol of DPCH frequency pilot sign is identical with the sign symbol of the frequency pilot sign of launching in Common Pilot Channel.

5. determine a method for the first communication link asynchronous (OoS), be included in the step that detects OoS signal in the signal receiving on second communication link,

Wherein said OoS signal is included in the power level biasing between the information word that the signal that receives on described second communication link comprises,

Or wherein said OoS signal comprises that described the first communication link of indication is synchronous or at least one symbol of OoS, and wherein said OoS signal comprises the sign symbol change of described at least one symbol.

6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said information word is frequency pilot sign and the emissive power control command receiving in DPCH.

7. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said at least one symbol is at the upper frequency pilot sign receiving of DPCH (DPCH).

8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein at described the first communication link when synchronous, the sign symbol of DPCH frequency pilot sign is with identical in the sign symbol of the upper frequency pilot sign of launching of Common Pilot Channel (CPICH), and described method also comprises the step of the sign symbol of more above-mentioned DPCH frequency pilot sign and the sign symbol of CPICH frequency pilot sign.

9. the method as described in any one in claim 5-8, if wherein determine that described the first communication link is synchronous, the transmitted power level on determining described the first communication link comprises the emissive power control command from described second communication link, and if determine that described the first communication link is OoS, do not comprise the emissive power control command from described second communication link in the described transmitted power level on determining described the first communication link.

10. a communication node that is applicable to transmit and receive electromagnetic signal, comprising:

Detector, is applicable to determine that whether the first receiver is synchronous; And

Device, in response to described detector, the signal that is applicable to launch on the second link comprises asynchronous (OoS) signal,

Wherein said OoS signal comprises that the power level between the information word of being launched on described the second link by described node setovers,

Or wherein said OoS signal comprises that described the first receiver of indication is synchronous or at least one symbol of OoS, and wherein said OoS signal comprises the sign symbol change of described at least one symbol.

11. communication nodes as claimed in claim 10, wherein said information word is frequency pilot sign and the emissive power control command of launching in DPCH.

12. communication nodes as claimed in claim 10, wherein said at least one symbol is the frequency pilot sign in the upper transmitting of DPCH (DPCH) by described node.

13. communication nodes as claimed in claim 12, wherein at described the first receiver when synchronous, the sign symbol of DPCH frequency pilot sign is identical with the sign symbol of the frequency pilot sign of launching in Common Pilot Channel.

14. communication nodes as described in any one in claim 10-13, wherein said communication node is the base station in telecommunication system.

15. 1 kinds of communication terminals that are applicable to transmit and receive electromagnetic signal, comprising:

Device, the electromagnetic signal being applicable to from receiving at the first link is recovered information, and described information comprises frequency pilot sign and transmitting power control (TPC) order;

Control unit, is applicable to control based on described TPC order the power level of the electromagnetic signal of being launched on the second link by described terminal; And

Detector, is applicable to monitor that the information of recovering is to observe in the signal receiving whether have asynchronous (OoS) signal on described the first link,

Wherein said OoS signal is included in the power level biasing between the information word that the signal that receives on described the first link comprises,

Or wherein said OoS signal comprises that described the second link of indication is synchronous or at least one symbol of OoS, and wherein said OoS signal comprises the sign symbol change of described at least one symbol.

16. communication terminals as claimed in claim 15, wherein said information word is frequency pilot sign and the emissive power control command of launching in DPCH.

17. communication terminals as claimed in claim 15, wherein said at least one symbol is at the upper frequency pilot sign receiving of DPCH (DPCH) by described terminal.

18. communication terminals as claimed in claim 17, wherein when described the second link synchronization, the sign symbol of DPCH frequency pilot sign is with identical in the sign symbol of the upper frequency pilot sign receiving of Common Pilot Channel (CPICH), and described terminal also comprises the comparator that is applicable to the sign symbol of more above-mentioned DPCH frequency pilot sign and the sign symbol of CPICH frequency pilot sign.

19. communication terminals as described in any one in claim 15-18, if wherein described at least one data bit is indicated described the first link synchronization, the transmitted power level on determining described the second link comprises the emissive power control command from described node, and if it is OoS that described at least one data bit is indicated described the first link, in the described transmitted power level on determining described the second link, do not comprise the emissive power control command from described node.