CN101083347A - Arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on right-left transmission line and its production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention publishes a random dual-frequency Wilkinson power division of fully based on the compound right-hand transmission line which includes three ports, four right hand transmission lines and two left hand transmission lines and the isolating resistor; the method steps include obtain the frequency ratio of the work frequency pots, establish the phase-shift value of transmission line, establish the port transmission line, establish the right hand transmission line, establish the left hand transmission line, and establish the isolating circuit. The invention prepared shrink type and the compact random dual-frequency power division of the double festival impedance conversion technology, overcomes the work flaw of the traditional power division only works on the odd number frequency multiplication, the branch line length can reduces to (lambda /4) Alpha below, satisfies the dual-frequency work at the same time has compact structure. The power division design is simple, the microwave plate and the primary device is easy to obtain, convenient for the processing. The invention power division can good satisfied the performance requirement on two work frequency place.

Description

Based on arbitrary dual-frequency power divider of composite right/left-handed transmission line and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, relate to a kind of any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter based on composite right/left-handed transmission line.

Background technology

Based on the double frequency standard of Modern wireless communication, be the device count in the minimizing system, require employed device should satisfy the requirement of two-frequency operation as far as possible.The Wilkinson power splitter often is used to antenna is carried out feed in communication system, but traditional Wilkinson power splitter can only be operated under fundamental frequency and its odd harmonic frequencies, and present gsm wireless communication normally used be 900M and two working frequency range of 1800M, therefore traditional Wilkinson power splitter can not satisfy the needs of modern communications.

Traditional Wilkinson power divider structure such as Fig. 1, Z among Fig. 1 ₀Be port identity impedance, Z ₁Be branch line characteristic impedance, R=2Z ₀Be isolation resistance.The branch line characteristic impedance is  Z ₀, line length is λ _g/ 4.In this case power splitter can be from the power of 1 mouthful of input from branch outputs such as 2,3 mouthfuls, and can satisfy under operating frequency, and three mouths all have good coupling, and isolate mutually between two delivery outlets.In addition, if with 2,3 mouthfuls as the input, 1 mouthful as output, can be used as power combiner in this case and use.But, this λ _gThe power splitter of/4 details can only be operated under fundamental frequency and its odd harmonic frequencies, wherein Z ₁= Z ₀, isolation resistance R=2Z ₀Be 90 degree of the phase shift shown in the RH curve and the pairing frequency of 270 degree among Fig. 2, be respectively f ₁, 3f ₁

For overcoming the shortcoming that traditional power splitter can only the work of odd frequency multiplication, people such as Lei Wu are at document [1] (Lei Wu, Zengguang Sun, Hayattin Yilmaz, and Manfred Berroth, " ADual-Frequency Wilkinson Power Divider ", IEEE TRANSA CTIONS ONMICROWAVE THEORYAND TECHNIQUES, to be published) impedance conversion has proposed a kind of novel Wilkinson power splitter that can be operated under any dual-frequency based on binodal in, can satisfy the dual-band requirement of modern communications.But this structure need be with original λ _g/ 4 nodel lines become the series connection of the different detail of two characteristic impedances, and its total length is greater than λ _gTherefore/4, the dual frequency characteristics of this structure is to be cost with the compact conformation characteristic of sacrificing device, and this also disagrees with the trend toward miniaturization of Modern Communication System.

On the other hand, produce dielectric constant and magnetic permeability is negative artificial left-handed materials from people such as Smith in 2000 ^[2](D R Smith, Willie J Padilla, Vier D C, et al..Composite Medium withSimultaneously Negative Permeability and Permittivity.Phys.Rev.Lett., 2000,84:4184～4187.), and with since the existence that experimental results show that negative refraction ^[3](ShelbyR A, Smith D R, Schultz S, Experimental Verification of a Negative Index of Refraction.Science, 2001,292:77～79.), left-handed materials more and more receives the concern of research group all over the world.But this left-handed materials is based on resonance structure, decay that it is bigger and narrower bandwidth constraints it in the application of microwave regime.

2002, the people such as Itoh of U.S. UCLA university proposed a kind of new method that realizes left-handed materials with transmission line ^[4](Caloz C, Itoh T.Application of the transmission line theory ofleft-handed (LH) materials to the realization of a microstrip LH transmission line.IEEE-APS Int.Symp.Dig..TX:San Antonio, 2002,2:412-415.), and with its called after left hand transmission line (LH-TL).Traditional transmission line is also referred to as right hand transmission line (RH-TL); Left hand transmission line and right hand transmission line are combined, constitute composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL).This left hand transmission line is based on the topological structure of high pass filter, compare with the left-handed materials of resonance structure have broadband, low-loss characteristic, its special phase-shift characterisitc is also furtherd investigate in the application in microwave circuit field ^[5-8]([5] C. Caloz, A.Sanada, L.Liu, and T.Itoh, " A BroadbandLeft-Handed (LH) Coupled-Line Backward Coupler with Arbitrary Coupling Levels ", IEEE-MTT Int ' l Symp., vol.1, pp.317-320, Philadelphia, PA, June 2003.

[6]A.Sanada，C.Caloz，and?T.Itoh，“Zeroth?Order?Resonance?in?CompositeRight/Left-Handed?Transmission?Line?Resonators”，accepted?at?Asia-Pacific?MicrowaveConference，Seoul，Korea，November?2003.

[7]Hiroshi?Okabe，Christophe?Caloz，and?Tatsuo?Itoh，“A?CompactEnhanced-Bandwidth?Hybrid?Ring?Using?an?Artificial?Lumped-Element?Left-HandedTransmission-Line?Section”，IEEE?TRANSACTIONS?ON?MICROWAVE?THEORY?ANDTECHNIQUES，VOL.52，NO.3，MARCH?2004，p798-804

[8]L.Liu，C.Caloz，andT.Itoh，“Dominant?Mode(LM)Leaky-Wave?Antenna?withBackfire-to-Endfire?Scanning?Capability”，Electron.Lett.，vol.38，no.23，pp.1414-1416，Nov.2000.)。

Caloz had proposed the double frequency design philosophy based on composite right/left-handed transmission line in 2003, and designed and produced out a kind of branch line electric bridge and ring-shape bridge that can be operated in any two frequencies ^[9](I-Hsiang Lin, Marc De Vincentis, Christophe Caloz, and Tatsuo Itoh, " ArbitraryDual-Band Components Using Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Lines ", IEEETRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL.52, NO.4, APRIL 2004,1142-1149).Double frequency design philosophy according to Caloz proposes adds left hand transmission line in right hand transmission line, constitute composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH), can change the phase-shift characterisitc of whole transmission line, reaches at any two Frequency point f ₁, f ₂Down, phase shift is respectively 90 degree and 270 degree, shown in the CRLH curve among Fig. 2.

Summary of the invention

Can only be operated under fundamental frequency and its odd harmonic frequencies in order to solve traditional power splitter, branch line length is λ _g/ 4, though its size is little, the problem that can not under any dual-frequency, work;

In order to solve the dual-frequency power divider based on the binodal impedance conversion, branch line is two λ _gThe series connection of/6 details is though can work the larger-size problem of power splitter under any dual-frequency;

Move technology resonance structure power splitter in order to solve based on negative, decay that it is bigger and narrower bandwidth constraints its problem of using in microwave regime;

First purpose of the present invention is: the manufacture method that a kind of plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter based on composite right/left-handed transmission line is provided;

Second purpose of the present invention is: the manufacture method that provides a kind of size to move the scaled-down version any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of technology less than prior art, based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and negative;

The 3rd purpose of the present invention is: based on the manufacture method of the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion technology.

In order to realize first purpose of the present invention, the present invention is based on the double frequency design philosophy of traditional power splitter and composite right/left-handed transmission line, traditional power splitter that can only be operated under the odd frequency multiplication is modified into the novel power divider with any dual-frequency service behaviour.

First aspect of the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method of the plain edition arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, and making step is as follows:

Obtain working frequency points frequency ratio step: determine any two working frequency points, and calculate the two frequency ratio;

Set up transmission line phase-shift value step:, obtain the phase-shift value of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line respectively based on the phase-shift characterisitc of composite right/left-handed transmission line;

Set up port transmission line step: utilize port identity impedance, phase-shift value and dielectric-slab parameter, obtain the live width and the length of port transmission line;

Set up right hand transmission line step: utilize branch line characteristic impedance, phase-shift value and dielectric-slab parameter, obtain the live width and the length of right hand transmission line in the branch line;

Set up the left hand transmission line step: determine the construction unit number of left hand transmission line, obtain the capacitance and the inductance value of left hand transmission line;

Set up the buffer circuit step:, determine that buffer circuit adopts concrete components and parts and parameter according to circuit relationships between two output ports.

A kind of plain edition arbitrary dual-frequency power divider of the present invention based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, comprise first port, second port, the 3rd port, it is characterized in that also comprising: two branch lines are composite right/left-handed transmission line and are: comprise that four right hand transmission lines are that first right hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, the 3rd right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line and two left hand transmission lines are first left hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line, isolation resistance; Wherein first branch line is that first right hand transmission line, first left hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line three are connected in series, and second branch line is that the 3rd right hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line three are connected in series; The input of first right hand transmission line and the 3rd right hand transmission line is connected with first port; Two outputs at second right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line are connected in parallel to isolation resistance; The output of second right hand transmission line is connected with isolation resistance one end with the input of second port; The output of the 4th right hand transmission line is connected with the isolation resistance other end with the input of the 3rd port.

Described plain edition arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, isolation resistance R=2Z ₀, wherein first right hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, the 3rd right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line have identical characteristic impedance and are respectively Z ₁, phase shift length is respectively Pf ₁/ 2, operating frequency f wherein ₁, right hand transmission line coefficient of frequency p; First left hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line have identical characteristic impedance and are respectively Z ₁, phase shift length is respectively Q/f ₁, operating frequency f wherein ₁, left hand transmission line coefficient of frequency Q; First right hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, the 3rd right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line are realized by microstrip circuit that respectively first left hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line are respectively by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute.

In order to realize second purpose of the present invention, mainly consider under 1＜α＜3 conditions, power splitter to be improved, its size is dwindled.

Second aspect of the present invention, a kind of making that moves the scaled-down version arbitrary dual-frequency power divider of technology and composite right/left-handed transmission line based on negative is provided, negative according to composite right/left-handed transmission line moves characteristic, can be with the contraction in length of branch line, thus the size of whole power splitter is dwindled.The branch line of this scaled-down version power splitter constitutes by having the composite right/left-handed transmission line that negative moves characteristic, and its length is reduced into

The described transmission line phase-shift value step of setting up also comprises: according to Negative composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift curve f ₁, f ₂The phase shift of transmission line is made as respectively-pi/2 and pi/2 under two frequencies, calculates f ₁The phase shift Pf of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line under the frequency ₁, Q/f ₁, obtain the frequency displacement FACTOR P, the Q value is:

$P\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{1}{f_2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1},$ $Q\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{f_1{f}_2}{f_2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1.$

The described right hand transmission line step of setting up comprises: branch line length is

When 2＜α＜3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave, and when 1＜α＜2, branch line length is greater than quarter-wave.

In order to realize the 3rd purpose of the present invention, be to utilize binodal impedance conversion technology and composite right/left-handed transmission line characteristics design any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter, its size is further dwindled.

The 3rd aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of utilizing binodal impedance conversion and composite right/left-handed transmission line characteristic to make the compact arbitrary dual-frequency power divider is provided, the branch line of this power splitter constitutes the described right hand transmission line of setting up by different left hand transmission line and the right hand transmission lines of two joint characteristic impedances

Step comprises: branch line length is

Wherein the ratio of 2 operating frequency points is α, and when 1＜α＜3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave.

The described buffer circuit step of setting up comprises: buffer circuit is by isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _xForm, its value is respectively:

$R=2z_0,C_x=\frac{\frac{B}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{A}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}{\frac{{2\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}},$ $L_x=\frac{\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}{B{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-{\mathrm{A\&omega;}}_2}$

Wherein $A=\frac{Z_2-Z_1{p}^2}{Z_{2}p({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1+z_2)},$ $B=\frac{Z_2-Z_1{q}^2}{Z_{2}q({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1+z_2)},$ p＝tan(Pf ₁)，q＝tan(Q/f ₁)。

Describedly set up transmission line phase-shift value step and set up right hand transmission line step and comprise: the characteristic impedance Z of right hand transmission line ₂With phase shift Pf ₁Be respectively:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}\text{+2}}},$ $\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}{f}_{}{}_1=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}},$ ξ=(tan (Pf wherein ₁)) ²

Describedly set up transmission line phase-shift value step and set up the left hand transmission line step and comprise: the characteristic impedance characteristic impedance Z of left hand transmission line ₁With phase shift Q/f ₁Be respectively:

$Z_1=\frac{2Z_0^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2},$ $Q/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1=-\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}};$

Described set up transmission line phase-shift value step, set up right hand transmission line step and set up the left hand transmission line step comprise: right hand line characteristic impedance Z ₁With left hand transmission line characteristic impedance Z ₂Value exchange, computing formula becomes:

$Z_1=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}\text{+2}}},$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{2Z_0^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1}$

ξ=(tan (Pf wherein ₁)) ²

A kind of compact arbitrary dual-frequency power divider of the present invention in conjunction with binodal impedance conversion and composite right/left-handed transmission line, comprise input port, first output port, second output port, first left hand transmission line, first right hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, buffer circuit is by isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _xConstitute; First branch line comprises that first left hand transmission line and first right hand transmission line are connected in series, and second branch line comprises that second left hand transmission line and second right hand transmission line are connected in series; The input of first left hand transmission line and second left hand transmission line is connected with input port; Between the output of first right hand transmission line and second right hand transmission line and between the input of first output port, second output port respectively be connected in parallel to isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _x, characteristic impedance Z in described first branch line and second branch line ₁, Z ₂Difference, wherein the characteristic impedance of first left hand transmission line and second left hand transmission line is Z ₁, phase shift length is Q/f ₁, first right hand transmission line and second right hand transmission line are Z ₂, phase shift length is Pf ₁Right hand transmission line is realized that by common microstrip circuit left hand transmission line is by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute.

Description of drawings

By the detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and others, feature and advantage of the present invention will become more apparent.In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a background technology tradition Wilkinson power splitter schematic diagram

Fig. 2 is the phase-shift characterisitc curve of a nodel line in background technology and the power splitter of the present invention, the RH curve is a right hand transmission line phase-shift characterisitc curve, the CRLH curve is a composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift characterisitc curve, the composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift curve of Negative CRLH curve for moving in conjunction with negative.

Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of background technology left hand transmission line

Fig. 5 the present invention is based on the plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter that composite right/left-handed transmission line is made

Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are the plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter S parameter curves based on composite right/left-handed transmission line that is operated in 0.9G and 1.8G that the present invention makes

Fig. 7 be the present invention make move the scaled-down version any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of fabrication techniques based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and negative

Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b be the present invention make be operated in 0.9G and 1.8G move the scaled-down version any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter S parameter curve of technology based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and negative

Fig. 9 is any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter schematic diagram based on binodal impedance conversion making that background technology proposes

Figure 10 is the structure principle chart of compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of the present invention

Figure 11 is the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion technology that the present invention makes

Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b are the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter S parameter curves based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion technology that is operated in 0.9G and 1.8G that the present invention makes

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is specified.Be noted that the described example of executing only is considered as illustrative purposes, rather than limitation of the present invention.

According to a first aspect of the invention, specific embodiment 1 is expressed as follows:

Double frequency design philosophy according to Caloz proposes adds left hand transmission line in right hand transmission line, constitute composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH), can change the phase-shift characterisitc of whole transmission line, reaches at any two Frequency point f ₁, f ₂Down, phase shift is respectively 90 degree and 270 degree, shown in the CRLH curve among Fig. 2, this technology is applied to the Wilkinson power splitter, adopt composite right/left-handed transmission line to realize the detail impedance conversion, can design the Wilkinson power splitter that is operated under any two frequencies.The novel power divider that can be operated in any two frequencies that the present invention produces this employing composite right/left-handed transmission line calls plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter.

Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of the present invention, comprise first port one, second port 2, the 3rd port 3 shown in the figure, two branch lines are composite right/left-handed transmission line and are: comprise that four right hand transmission lines are that first right hand transmission line 4, second right hand transmission line 6, the 3rd right hand transmission line 7, the 4th right hand transmission line 9 and two left hand transmission lines are first left hand transmission line 5, second left hand transmission line 8, isolation resistance R; Wherein first branch line is that first right hand transmission line 4, first left hand transmission line 5, second right hand transmission line, 6 threes are connected in series, and second branch line is that the 3rd right hand transmission line 7, second left hand transmission line 8, the 4th right hand transmission line 9 threes are connected in series; The input of first right hand transmission line 4 and the 3rd right hand transmission line 7 is connected with first port one; Two outputs at second right hand, 6 transmission lines, the 4th right hand transmission line 9 are connected in parallel to isolation resistance R; The output of second right hand transmission line 6 is connected with isolation resistance R one end with the input of second port 2; The output of the 4th right hand transmission line 9 is connected with the isolation resistance R other end with the input of the 3rd port 3.

Described based on the composite right/left-handed transmission line arbitrary dual-frequency power divider, it is characterized in that comprising: isolation resistance is R=2Z ₀, wherein first right hand transmission line 4, second right hand transmission line 6, the 3rd right hand transmission line 7, the 4th right hand transmission line 9 have identical characteristic impedance and are respectively Z ₁, phase shift length is respectively Pf ₁/ 2, operating frequency f wherein ₁, right hand transmission line coefficient of frequency p; First left hand transmission line 5, second left hand transmission line 8 have identical characteristic impedance and are respectively Z ₁, phase shift length is respectively Q/f ₁, operating frequency f wherein ₁, left hand transmission line coefficient of frequency Q; First right hand transmission line 4, second right hand transmission line 6, the 3rd right hand transmission line 7, the 4th right hand transmission line 9 are realized by microstrip circuit respectively; First left hand transmission line 5, second left hand transmission line 8 are respectively by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute as Fig. 4.

The branch line length of plain edition any dual-frequency rate power splitter of the present invention is Wherein the ratio of 2 operating frequency points is α, and when 1＜α＜3, branch line length is greater than quarter-wave, and when α＞3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave.

The concrete execution in step of making plain edition arbitrary dual-frequency power divider method is:

Step a1. determines working frequency points f according to user's needs ₁, f ₁, make f ₁＞f ₁, the two frequency ratio α=f ₂/ f ₁

Step b1. according to the composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift curve among Fig. 2 f ₁, f ₂Transmission line phase shift under two Frequency points is made as pi/2 and 3 pi/2s respectively,

Step c1. calculates f ₁The phase shift of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line is respectively Pf under the Frequency point ₁, Q/f ₁, obtain the frequency displacement FACTOR P, the Q value is:

$P\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{3f_2-f_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_2^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1^2}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{3\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2-1}\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1},$ $Q\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{\frac{3}{f_2}-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1}}{\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1^2}-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_2^2}}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{3\mathrm{\&alpha;}-{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2-1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1.$

Steps d 1. is determined characteristic impedance Z in the transmission line according to user's request ₀, again according to selected dielectric-slab calculation of parameter transmission line live width;

Step e1. calculates isolation resistance R=2Z in the power splitter ₀

Step f1. calculates branch line characteristic impedance Z in the power splitter ₁= Z ₀, again according to selected dielectric-slab parameter and phase shift Pf ₁The live width of right hand transmission line and length in the Branch Computed line;

Step g 1. definite construction units of left hand transmission line of realizing are counted N, and selected N value must be guaranteed to satisfy condition $\frac{Q}{{\mathrm{Nf}}_{}}$ $\frac{{}_1}{}<\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2};$

Step h1.: the capacitance C that determines to realize left hand transmission line _LWith inductance value L _LFor:

$C_L=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{Z}_{1}Q},$ $L_L=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}{Z}_{}{}_1}{2\mathrm{\&pi;Q}}.$

Step I 1. is utilized for example ADS of microwave simulation software, and Ansoft Designer etc. to power splitter emulation and optimization, make working frequency points f ₁, f ₂Lower port standing-wave ratio and isolation meet design requirement;

Step j1. processes according to the simulation result fabrication and processing domain of power splitter;

Step k1. measures processing circuit board, judge whether measurement result meets design requirement, for example carry out circuit debugging as required: change live width, patch capacitor inductance value etc., up to meeting design requirement, finish making based on the plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of composite right/left-handed transmission line.

Fig. 2 is the phase-shift characterisitc curve of a nodel line in background technology and the power splitter of the present invention, below Fig. 2 drawing is described, and include among the figure: transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the longitudinal axis is the transmission line phase-shift value;

(1) the RH curve is represented traditional λ _gThe phase-shift curve of/4 transmission lines is at f ₁, 3f ₁Place's phase shift is respectively 90 ° and 270 °;

(2) the CRLH curve is a phase-shift curve of representing the prior art composite right/left-handed transmission line, at f ₁, f ₂Place's phase shift is respectively 90 ° and 270 °;

(3) after the representative of Negative CRLH curve utilized the capable improvement of negative shift-in, the phase-shift curve of composite right/left-handed transmission line of the present invention was at f ₁, f ₂Place's phase shift is respectively-90 ° and 90 °.

Fig. 5 the present invention is based on the plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter that composite right/left-handed transmission line is made, Wilkinson power splitter according to above design procedure fabrication and processing, it is the Wilkinson power splitter that is operated in 0.9G and two Frequency point places of 1.8G, its α=2, Pf ₁=5 π/6, promptly two line lengths are 5 λ _g/ 12.

Left hand transmission line is realized by patch capacitor and chip inductor among Fig. 5, and the shunt inductance terminal is by through hole ground connection, and isolation resistance is connected in parallel in the middle of two output ports.

Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are the plain edition any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter S parameter curves based on composite right/left-handed transmission line that is operated in 0.9G and 1.8G that the present invention makes, Fig. 6 a is a simulation result, Fig. 6 b is the result of experiment measuring, can see, power splitter three ports on two operating frequencies of making all can reach good coupling, the port standing-wave ratio that calculates is less than 1.2, and the isolation between two delivery outlets is greater than 15dB.

Fig. 6 a transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the left longitudinal axis is s11, s22 and s33 value, and the right longitudinal axis is the s12 value: Fig. 6 b transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the left longitudinal axis is s11, s22 and s33 value, and the right longitudinal axis is the s12 value.

According to a second aspect of the invention, specific embodiment 2 is expressed as follows:

Fig. 7 be the present invention make move the scaled-down version any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of fabrication techniques based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and negative.

Based on second aspect of the present invention, the total length of composite right/left-handed transmission line is mainly by the phase shift Pf of right hand transmission line ₁Decide, analyze as can be known, when 1＜α＜3, ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Pf"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Pf</figure-callout>}}_1>\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2},$ Composite right/left-handed transmission line length will be greater than original λ _g/ 4; When α＞3, ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Pf"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Pf</figure-callout>}}_1<\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2},$ The length of composite right/left-handed transmission line is less than λ _g/ 4.That is to say that in frequency ratio was 1＜α＜3 scopes, designed power splitter had increased size of devices when obtaining the double frequency performance, this structure is unfavorable for miniaturization of devices.And 1＜α＜3 are frequency proportions scopes of the two-frequency operation device that often is applied in the reality.Main consideration according to a second aspect of the invention improves power splitter under 1＜α＜3 conditions, and its size is dwindled, and the invention provides a kind of any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of making scaled-down version that moves based on negative.

Negative according to left hand transmission line moves characteristic, f ₁, f ₂The phase shift of following transmission line is made as respectively-pi/2 and pi/2, and shown in Negative CRLH phase-shift curve among Fig. 2, then the frequency displacement coefficient of composite right/left-handed transmission line is P, Q.

The calculating formula of P in following formula and the summary of the invention one is compared, can get P '＜P, after promptly utilizing negative to move summary of the invention one improved, the right hand length of transmission line in the branch line will shorten,

The size of whole scaled-down version power splitter has had dwindling to a certain degree.Structure principle chart and Fig. 3 basically identical of any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of this scaled-down version, parameter P only wherein, the computing formula of Q are different.Its branch line length of described first branch line and first branch line is reduced into

When 2＜α＜3, branch line length can satisfy the requirement of two-frequency operation and compact conformation simultaneously less than the quarter-wave of traditional power splitter; When 1＜α＜2, greater than quarter-wave, still greater than the size of traditional power splitter.

The concrete execution in step with content one of the present invention is consistent basically for the concrete execution in step of the scaled-down version any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter that content two of the present invention proposes, and only needs to make wherein step b1, c1 into b2 as described below, c2:

Step b2. according to the composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift curve that moves in conjunction with negative among Fig. 2 f ₁, f ₂The phase shift of transmission line is made as respectively-pi/2 and pi/2 under two frequencies;

Step c2. calculates f ₁The phase shift Pf of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line under the frequency ₁, Q/f ₁, obtain the frequency displacement FACTOR P, the Q value is:

$P\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{1}{f_2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1},$ $Q\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{f_1{f}_2}{f_2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1;$

Fig. 7 is that the present invention uses negative and moves and improve fabrication techniques and processed the Wilkinson power splitter that can be operated in 0.9G and two Frequency point places of 1.8G, its α=2 o'clock, ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Pf"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Pf</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2},$ Promptly two line lengths are λ _g/ 4.Its physical dimension has very big dwindling than Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b the present invention is based on the S parameter curve that dual-frequency power divider that negative moves making is operated in the double frequency of 0.9G and 1.8G, simulation result such as Fig. 8 a, experimental measurements such as Fig. 6 b, three ports of the power splitter of actual fabrication all can reach good coupling on two operating frequencies, the port standing-wave ratio that calculates thus is less than 1.2, and the isolation between two delivery outlets is greater than 15dB.

Fig. 8 a transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the left longitudinal axis is s11, s22 and s33 value, and the right longitudinal axis is the s12 value; Fig. 8 b transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the left longitudinal axis is s11, s22 and s33 value, and the right longitudinal axis is the s12 value.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, specific embodiment 3 is expressed as follows: Figure 11 is the structure chart that the present invention is based on the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion.The present invention adopts the binodal composite right/left-handed transmission line to substitute traditional quarter-wave impedance conversion in conjunction with binodal impedance conversion technology, and buffer circuit is made of electric capacity, inductance and the resistance of parallel connection, divides detail length to be reduced into Quarter-wave less than traditional power splitter.

Fig. 9 is any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter schematic diagram based on binodal impedance conversion making that background technology proposes, and is a kind of Wilkinson power divider structure figure (document [1]) that is operated in any two frequencies that Lei Wu proposes, Z among Fig. 9 ₀Be port identity impedance, Z ₁, Z ₂Be respectively the characteristic impedance of binodal impedance conversion branch line, l ₁, l ₂Be respectively its electrical length, R, L, C are the buffer circuit of two output ports, it is based on binodal impedance transformer (document [10] C.Monzon of two-frequency operation, " A small dual-frequency transformer in two section; " IEEE Trans.Microw.Theory Tech., vol.51, no.4, pp.1157-1161, Apr.2003.).

When 1＜α＜3, the branch line CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS is among the figure

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_1={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_1+{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_2}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2(1+\mathrm{\&alpha;})}$

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{{4\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}+2}}$

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{2Z_0^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2}$

ξ=(tan (β wherein ₁l ₁) ², the branch line total length $l_{\mathrm{total}}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}}>\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="g"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}}{4},$ The double frequency Wilkinson power splitter that is to say this basic binodal conversion is still greater than the size of traditional power splitter.

Carry out odd even based on binodal conversion power splitter and touch when analyzing this, each CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS is based on transmission line impedance transformation for mula (document [9])

$Z_{\mathrm{in}}=Z_0\frac{Z_L+j{Z}_0\tan \left(\mathrm{\&beta;l}\right)}{Z_0+j{Z}_L\tan \left(\mathrm{\&beta;l}\right)}$

The present invention utilize tan θ=tan (θ-π), carry out as down conversion:

$\tan \mathrm{\&beta;l}=\tan (\mathrm{\&beta;l}-\mathrm{\&pi;})$

$=\tan [-\mathrm{\&beta;}(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}-l)]=\tan [-\mathrm{\&beta;}(\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2(1+\mathrm{\&alpha;})})]$

$=\tan [-\mathrm{\&beta;}*\frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2(1+\mathrm{\&alpha;})}]$

That is to say that phase-shift constant is that β, electrical length are in the background technology $l=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2(1+\mathrm{\&alpha;})}$ Transmission line and the present invention in phase-shift constant for-β, electrical length be

$l^{\&prime;}=\frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2(1+\mathrm{\&alpha;})}$

The impedance conversion effect be identical.A wherein joint conventional transmission line of binodal impedance conversion among Fig. 9 is replaced to the left hand transmission line of phase-shift constant for bearing, and under the situation of other parameter constant, the Wilkinson power splitter still can reach same two-frequency operation performance; Because left hand transmission line is realized that by lamped element it is small-sized, can ignore with respect to the size of right hand transmission line simultaneously, branch line length can reduce to $l_{\mathrm{total}}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_2\&ap;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{2(1+\mathrm{\&alpha;})}<\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="g"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}}{4}.$ Like this, in 1＜α＜3 scopes, the power splitter size when reaching two-frequency operation after improving in conjunction with the binodal impedance conversion has realized the requirement of structural compactness less than traditional power splitter.

The present invention is called compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter with this power splitter in conjunction with binodal impedance conversion and composite right/left-handed transmission line.Figure 10 is the structure principle chart of compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of the present invention, comprise among the figure: input port 101, first output port 102, second output port 103, first left hand transmission line 104, first right hand transmission line 105, second left hand transmission line 106, second right hand transmission line 107, buffer circuit is by isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _xConstitute; First branch line comprises that first left hand transmission line 104 and first right hand transmission line 105 are connected in series, and second branch line comprises that second left hand transmission line 106 and second right hand transmission line 107 are connected in series; The input of first left hand transmission line 104 and second left hand transmission line 106 is connected with input port 101; Between the output of first right hand transmission line 105 and second right hand transmission line 107 and between the input of first output port 102, second output port 103 respectively be connected in parallel to isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _x, characteristic impedance Z in described first branch line and second branch line ₁, Z ₂Difference, wherein the characteristic impedance of first left hand transmission line 104 and second left hand transmission line 106 is Z ₁, phase shift length is Q/f ₁, first right hand transmission line 105 and second right hand transmission line 107 are Z ₂, phase shift length is Pf ₁Right hand transmission line is realized that by common microstrip circuit left hand transmission line is by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute.

Power splitter among the figure has three ports, and the port identity impedance is Z ₀, the left hand transmission line characteristic impedance is Z ₁, phase shift length is Q/f ₁, the characteristic impedance of right hand transmission line is Z ₂, phase shift length is Pf ₁Right hand transmission line is realized that by common microstrip circuit the circuit specific implementation of left hand transmission line is seen Fig. 4, by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute.

The branch line length of the compact power splitter that the present invention designs is Wherein the ratio of 2 operating frequency points is α, and when 1＜α＜3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave.

Embodiment according to a third aspect of the present invention, concrete execution in step is:

Step a3. determines working frequency points f according to customer requirements ₁, f ₂, make f ₂＞f ₁, and make the two ratio cc=f ₂/ f ₁

Step b3. determines characteristic impedance Z in the port transmission line according to user's request ₀, again according to selected dielectric-slab calculation of parameter transmission line live width;

Step c3. is according to the characteristic impedance Z of right hand transmission line in the following formula Branch Computed line ₂With phase shift Pf ₁, and according to the live width and the length of right hand transmission line in the selected dielectric-slab calculation of parameter branch line $Z_{}$ ${}_2=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{{4\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}+2}},$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Pf"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Pf</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}},$ ξ=(tan (Pf wherein ₁)) ²

Steps d 3. is according to the characteristic impedance Z of left hand transmission line in the following formula Branch Computed line ₁With phase shift Q/f ₁:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{2Z_0^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2},$ $Q/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1=-\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}};$

Annotate: right hand line characteristic impedance Z ₁With left hand transmission line characteristic impedance Z ₂Value exchange, computing formula becomes:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}\text{+2}}},$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{2Z_0^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1}$

ξ=(tan (Pf wherein ₁)) ²

The definite construction unit of left hand transmission line of realizing of step e3. is counted N, and guarantees that N satisfies condition

$\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Q\; Nf"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}{{\mathrm{Nf}}_{}}<\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2};$

Step f3. calculates the patch capacitor value C that realizes left hand transmission line according to following formula _LWith chip inductor value L _LFor:

$C_L=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{Z}_{1}Q},$ $L_L=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="NZ"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">NZ</figure-callout>}}_1}{2\mathrm{\&pi;Q}};$

Step g 3. buffer circuits are by isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _xForm, its value is respectively:

$R=2z_0,C_x=\frac{\frac{B}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{A}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}{\frac{{2\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}},$ $L_x=\frac{\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}{B{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-{\mathrm{A\&omega;}}_2}$

Wherein $A=\frac{Z_2-Z_1{p}^2}{Z_{2}p({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1+z_2)},$ $B=\frac{Z_2-Z_1{q}^2}{Z_{2}q({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1+z_2)},$ p＝tan(Pf ₁)，q＝tan(Q/f ₁)

Step h3. carries out emulation, optimization according to Wilkinson power splitter theory structure and above institute parameters calculated with the microwave simulation software, makes working frequency points f ₁, f ₂Lower port standing-wave ratio and isolation meet design requirement;

Step I 3. is according to simulation result fabrication and processing domain, and processes;

Step j3. measures processing circuit board, judge whether measurement result meets design requirement, carry out circuit debugging (as changing live width, capacitor and inductor value etc.) as required, up to meeting design requirement, finish making based on the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter of composite right/left-handed transmission line.

Figure 11 is the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion technology that the present invention makes, and power splitter can be operated in 0.9G and two Frequency point places of 1.8G among the figure, α=2 wherein, $l_{\mathrm{total}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="6"\; label="g"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400261.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}}{6}.$ Left hand transmission line is realized by patch capacitor and inductance among Figure 11, and the shunt inductance terminal is by through hole ground connection, and isolation resistance, inductance and electric capacity all are connected in parallel in the middle of two output ports.

Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b are the compact any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter S parameter curves based on composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion technology that is operated in 0.9G and 1.8G that the present invention makes, Figure 12 a is a simulation result, Figure 12 b is an experimental measurements, can see, three ports of the power splitter of actual fabrication all can reach good coupling on two operating frequencies, the port standing-wave ratio that calculates thus is less than 1.2, and the isolation between two delivery outlets is greater than 15dB.

Figure 12 a transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the left longitudinal axis is s11, s22 and s33 value, and the right longitudinal axis is the s12 value; Figure 12 b transverse axis is a frequency axis, and the left longitudinal axis is s11, s22 and s33 value, and the right longitudinal axis is the s12 value.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) utilize the special nature of composite right/left-handed transmission line, design novel any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter, this power splitter can be operated in any two Frequency points, has overcome the defective that traditional power splitter can only the work of odd frequency multiplication.

(2) according to the present invention two propose move phase-shift curve with composite right/left-handed transmission line in conjunction with negative, the branch line contraction in length of designed scaled-down version power splitter arrives

When 1＜α＜3, branch line length is greater than quarter-wave, when α＞3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave, overcome the larger-size defective of device architecture in the double frequency designing technique that Caloz proposes in document [9].

(3) according to invention three propose in conjunction with composite right/left-handed transmission line and binodal impedance conversion technology, a joint impedance conversion line wherein adopts the phase shift of left hand transmission line $Q/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20061001204400251.png,A20061001204400281.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1=-\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}}$ Be the technical scheme that negative moves, the branch line contraction in length of the compact power splitter that the present invention designs is arrived When 1＜α＜3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave, and compact conformation when satisfying two-frequency operation has overcome the larger-size defective of device architecture in the double frequency designing technique that Lei Wu proposes in document [1].

(4) the novel any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter design process of the present invention's proposition is simple, and required microwave sheet material and components and parts all are easy to obtain, and are convenient to processing.

(5) emulation and experimental measurements prove, the novel any dual-frequency Wilkinson power splitter design that the present invention proposes all is well positioned to meet the performance requirement of power splitter at two working frequency points places, and technology is practical.

Describing above is to be used to realize the present invention and embodiment, and those of ordinary skills can be according to the definite multiple implementation method that will use of actual conditions, and therefore, scope of the present invention should not described by this and limit.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art,, all belong to claim of the present invention and come restricted portion in any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1, a kind of arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, comprise first port, second port, the 3rd port, it is characterized in that also comprising: two branch lines are composite right/left-handed transmission line and are: comprise that four right hand transmission lines are that first right hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, the 3rd right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line and two left hand transmission lines are first left hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line, isolation resistance; Wherein first branch line is that first right hand transmission line, first left hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line three are connected in series, and second branch line is that the 3rd right hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line three are connected in series; The input of first right hand transmission line and the 3rd right hand transmission line is connected with first port; Two outputs at second right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line are connected in parallel to isolation resistance; The output of second right hand transmission line is connected with isolation resistance one end with the input of second port; The output of the 4th right hand transmission line is connected with the isolation resistance other end with the input of the 3rd port.

2, according to the described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider of claim 1, it is characterized in that: isolation resistance R=2Z based on composite right/left-handed transmission line ₀, wherein first right hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, the 3rd right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line have identical characteristic impedance and are respectively Z ₁, phase shift length is respectively Pf ₁/ 2, operating frequency f wherein ₁, right hand transmission line coefficient of frequency p; First left hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line have identical characteristic impedance and are respectively Z ₁, phase shift length is respectively Q/f ₁, operating frequency f wherein ₁, left hand transmission line coefficient of frequency Q; First right hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, the 3rd right hand transmission line, the 4th right hand transmission line are realized by microstrip circuit that respectively first left hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line are respectively by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute.

3, a kind of arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, comprise input port, first output port, second output port, it is characterized in that also comprising: first left hand transmission line, first right hand transmission line, second left hand transmission line, second right hand transmission line, buffer circuit is by isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _xConstitute; First branch line comprises that first left hand transmission line and first right hand transmission line are connected in series, and second branch line comprises that second left hand transmission line and second right hand transmission line are connected in series; The input of first left hand transmission line and second left hand transmission line is connected with input port; Between the output of first right hand transmission line and second right hand transmission line and between the input of first output port, second output port respectively be connected in parallel to isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _x, characteristic impedance Z in described first branch line and second branch line ₁, Z ₂Difference, wherein the characteristic impedance of first left hand transmission line and second left hand transmission line is Z ₁, phase shift length is Q/f ₁, first right hand transmission line and second right hand transmission line are Z ₂, phase shift length is Pf ₁Right hand transmission line is realized that by common microstrip circuit left hand transmission line is by N joint patch capacitor C _LWith chip inductor L _LConstitute.

4, a kind of arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture method based on composite right/left-handed transmission line is characterized in that making step is as follows:

Obtain working frequency points frequency ratio step: determine any two working frequency points, and calculate the two frequency ratio;

Set up transmission line phase-shift value step:, obtain the phase-shift value of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line respectively based on the phase-shift characterisitc of composite right/left-handed transmission line;

Set up port transmission line step: utilize port identity impedance, phase-shift value and dielectric-slab parameter, obtain the live width and the length of port transmission line;

Set up right hand transmission line step: utilize branch line characteristic impedance, phase-shift value and dielectric-slab parameter, obtain the live width and the length of right hand transmission line in the branch line;

Set up the left hand transmission line step: determine the construction unit number of left hand transmission line, obtain the capacitance and the inductance value of left hand transmission line;

Set up the buffer circuit step:, determine that buffer circuit adopts concrete components and parts and parameter according to circuit relationships between two output ports.

According to the described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture method of claim 4, it is characterized in that 5, the described working frequency points frequency ratio step of obtaining comprises: according to user's needs, determine working frequency points f based on composite right/left-handed transmission line ₁, f ₂, make f ₂＞f ₁, the two frequency ratio α=f ₂/ f ₁

According to claim 1 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods, it is characterized in that 6, the described transmission line phase-shift value step of setting up comprises based on composite right/left-handed transmission line: according to the composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift curve f ₁, f ₂Transmission line phase shift under two Frequency points is made as pi/2 and 3 pi/2s respectively, calculates f ₁The phase shift of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line is respectively pf under the Frequency point ₁, Q/f ₁, obtain the frequency displacement FACTOR P, the Q value is:

$P\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{3f_2-f_1}{f_2^2-f_1^2}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{3\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2-1}\frac{1}{f_1}$ 、 $Q\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{\frac{3}{f_2}-\frac{1}{f_1}}{\frac{1}{f_1^2}-\frac{1}{f_2^2}}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{3\mathrm{\&alpha;}-{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2-1}{f}_1.$

According to claim 1 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods, it is characterized in that 7, the described right hand transmission line step of setting up comprises: branch line length is based on composite right/left-handed transmission line $\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g}{4}\frac{3\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2-1},$ Wherein the ratio of 2 operating frequency points is α, and when 1＜α＜3, branch line length is greater than quarter-wave, and when α＞3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave.

According to the described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture method based on composite right/left-handed transmission line of claim 4, it is characterized in that 8, the described left hand transmission line step of setting up comprises: the construction unit of determining the realization left hand transmission line is counted N, and selected N value must be guaranteed to satisfy condition $\frac{Q}{N{f}_1}<\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}.$

According to the described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture method of claim 4, it is characterized in that 9, the described left hand transmission line step of setting up comprises: the capacitance C that determines to realize left hand transmission line based on composite right/left-handed transmission line _LWith inductance value L _LFor: $C_L=\frac{N}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{Z}_{1}Q}$ 、 $L_L=\frac{N{Z}_1}{2\mathrm{\&pi;Q}}.$

According to claim 1 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods, it is characterized in that 10, the described transmission line phase-shift value step of setting up comprises based on composite right/left-handed transmission line: according to the composite right/left-handed transmission line phase-shift curve that moves in conjunction with negative f ₁, f ₂The phase shift of transmission line is made as respectively-pi/2 and pi/2 under two frequencies, calculates f ₁The phase shift Pf of right hand transmission line and left hand transmission line under the frequency ₁, Q/f ₁, obtain the frequency displacement FACTOR P, the Q value is:

$P\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{1}{f_2-f_1}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}\frac{1}{f_1}$ 、 $Q\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{f_1{f}_2}{f_2-f_1}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}\frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}-1}{f}_1.$

According to claim 1 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods, it is characterized in that 11, the described right hand transmission line step of setting up comprises: branch line length is based on composite right/left-handed transmission line When 2＜α＜3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave, and when 1＜α＜2, branch line length is greater than quarter-wave.

According to claim 3 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods, it is characterized in that 12, the described right hand transmission line step of setting up comprises: first branch line and the second branch line length are based on composite right/left-handed transmission line

Wherein the ratio of 2 operating frequency points is α, and when 1＜α＜3, branch line length is less than quarter-wave.

13, according to claim 3 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, it is characterized in that the described buffer circuit step of setting up comprises: buffer circuit is by isolation resistance R, isolation capacitance C _xWith the isolation inductance L _xForm, its value is respectively:

R＝2Z ₀、 $C_x=\frac{\frac{B}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{A}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}{\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}$ 、 $L_x=\frac{\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}-\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}}{B{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-A{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2}$

Wherein $A=\frac{Z_2-Z_1{p}^2}{Z_{2}p(Z_1+Z_2)},$ $B=\frac{Z_2-Z_1{q}^2}{Z_{2}q(Z_1+Z_2)},$ p＝tan(Pf ₁)，q＝tan(Q/f ₁)。

14, according to claim 3 or 4 described arbitrary dual-frequency power divider manufacture methods based on composite right/left-handed transmission line, it is characterized in that, described set up transmission line phase-shift value step, set up right hand transmission line step and set up the left hand transmission line step comprise: the characteristic impedance Z of right hand transmission line ₂, phase shift Pf ₁Characteristic impedance Z with left hand transmission line ₁With phase shift Q/f ₁Be respectively:

$Z_2=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}+2}}$ 、 $P=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}}\frac{1}{f_1}$

$Z_1=\frac{2Z_0^2}{Z_2}$ 、 $Q=-\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{1+\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{f}_1$

ξ=(tan (Pf wherein ₁)) ²Or right hand line characteristic impedance Z ₁With left hand transmission line characteristic impedance Z ₂Value exchange and to be:

$Z_1=Z_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\&xi;}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2}+2}}$ 、 $Z_2=\frac{2Z_0^2}{Z_1}$

ξ=(tan (Pf wherein ₁)) ²

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