CN101075774A - Linear motor and field magnet member of linear motor - Google Patents
Linear motor and field magnet member of linear motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101075774A CN101075774A CNA2007101123333A CN200710112333A CN101075774A CN 101075774 A CN101075774 A CN 101075774A CN A2007101123333 A CNA2007101123333 A CN A2007101123333A CN 200710112333 A CN200710112333 A CN 200710112333A CN 101075774 A CN101075774 A CN 101075774A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/15—Sectional machines
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Abstract
The invention comprises: a field magnet member, even numbers of permanent magnetic components each with two poles and distributed along the moving direction, and an armature member comprising even numbers of electromagnetic components insulted each other and having opposite pole each other. Two pole faces of each magnet component are reversed each other along a first direction; at least a part of said armature member is held by the magnetic component of said field magnet member; the armature member combines with the one magnetic component of said field magnet member to form one stator, and combines the other magnetic component of said field magnet to form a rotor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, especially the field magnet member that refers to a kind of linear electric machine and this linear electric machine, more particularly between the electromagnet elements that contains coil of a plurality of magnetic isolation of the magnetic element that contains permanent magnet of a plurality of magnetic isolation of the field magnet member of permanent magnet type linear motor and armature member with electromagnetic interaction.
Background technology
With general electric rotating machine, no matter the magnetic principle that the magnetic pole same sex is repelled each other, there is a natural attraction between the sexes is all adopted in the running of direct current machine or alternating current machine between its rotor and stator.In early days, linear strength is often reached by a turning motor and a mechanical switching device.Yet this kind system causes the shortcoming of high manufacturing cost, high maintenance costs because of complex structure; And, because of the extraneoas loss that conversion equipment caused, efficient reduction, the output torque of system are reduced.
Because of directly producing a linear strength, linear electric machine do not need the conversion equipment of any power, so system simplification and system effectiveness are increased.In order to produce a linear strength, the stator of electric rotating machine and rotor are replaced by stator and mover with linear electric machine, but operating principle is identical.For a linear strength, the conventional linear motor that obtains from the level development of the structure of an electric rotating machine has a simple structure, and this is not need through any conversion equipment because linear electric machine directly produces a linear strength.
In the conventional linear motor in early days, because the magnetic force between stator and mover generally mostly is unidirectional, cause and in mover supporting mechanism, be applied in a undesired additional force perpendicular to moving direction, not only have influence on actuating force, also in mover supporting mechanism, applied simultaneously an added burden.
For bigger linear strength being provided and preventing to cause mover supporting mechanism to be distorted because of unidirectional magnetic force, the stator of one traditional permanent magnet type linear motor has facing with each other and has the magnetic pole that mutually diamagnetic paired magnet becomes, move in the space of mover between paired opposite magnetic magnet, to be reduced in the added burden in the mover supporting mechanism.But the top of the magnet magnetic pole of traditional permanent magnet type linear electric machine structure has leakage flux, and can cause the flux concentrating of magnet magnetic pole to be affected because of adjoining the magnet magnetic pole.
People such as Maslov propose a kind of turning motor in No. 6791222 certificate of United States Patent (USP) mandate, its arrangement that independently electromagnet poles is right separately on the stator is adjoined magnetic flux conversion disturbing effect between coil with processing, and to very concentrated magnetic flux distribution is provided, make magnetic flux can be concentrated in big relatively surface to facilitate high moment with the rotor magnet axially arranged and stator poles.And,, control eligibly respectively that electromagnet poles causes the smooth-going running of motor to last coil current on the stator in the different time with the relative position of perceptron detecting rotor and stator.
In order to obtain bigger total effective air gap surface area, and in No. the 6891306th, U.S. Patent number, people such as Maslov are gained the structure of above-mentioned motor.By the stator pole surface of motor and the increase of rotor magnet, be modified by the concentrated magnetic flux distribution that makes of magnetic flux, so that bigger magnetic flux distribution to be provided.Make the motor structure provide the bigger continuous magnetic flux between rotor and stator to produce the path.The structure of this motor framework passes the rotor pole of a plurality of air gaps and the surface area of corresponding stator poles by increase, to impel flux concentrating on bigger relatively surface, with the high torque (HT) ability of further enhancement motor.
By flux concentrating, magnetic flux utilize as far as possible, the minimization of the loss of magnetic flux and conversion disturbing effect, to obtain the high efficiency and the high torque of motor, be described in during above-mentioned patent uses.These principles are applied in the linear electric machine of the present invention, and further gain in the present invention, the magnet magnetic flux of linear electric machine is not only concentrated on the bigger relatively pole surface, and because of the magnetic pole of considering linear electric machine perpendicular to the balance geometrically on the moving direction, the flux leakage of linear electric machine surrounding environment can be lowered, also be reduced in the added burden that applies in the mover supporting mechanism.
Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B are the prior art illustration, to be presented at the arrangement of a stator field magnet in the traditional permanent magnet type linear motor.Figure 10 A is the perspective view of the traditional stator in the traditional permanent magnet type linear motor; And Figure 10 B is the front cross-sectional view of the traditional stator in the traditional permanent magnet type linear motor.Shown in Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B, in the described linear electric machine, having on the stator faces with each other is positioned in fixedly on the bar 5 with mutually diamagnetic in pairs a plurality of field magnets 1 of arranging along moving direction, this fixedly bar 5 usually by ferromagnetic made; The armature (not being shown among the figure) that is placed in the magnets of stator constitutes for a plurality of coils with conductor of a connection electric current, the coil current of armature is when excitatory, the magnetic field interaction of electromagnetic field that coil is set up and the paired field magnet of stator moves in the paired space between mutually diamagnetic field magnet to cause armature.Wherein, along the armature moving direction, a plurality of permanent magnets of stator are alternately arranged in line with equidistant and pole polarity usually; And, armature is moved with respect to the mutually diamagnetic in pairs field magnet of stator by providing armature supply as power.But the field magnet magnetic pole that linear electric machine adjoins along moving direction can influence the flux concentrating of field magnet magnetic pole.
In addition, in traditional permanent magnet type linear motor, the iron content electrocardio pivot coil of linear electric machine can cause puzzlement in the control because of the torque of pausing, and does not compare and can produce bigger electromagnetic torque but do not contain iron core with the armature coil of linear electric machine.Yet, no matter whether the armature coil of linear electric machine contains iron core, all applicable to the servo-control system of height response, hi-Fix.And no matter whether the armature coil of permanent magnet linear electric machine contains iron core, the leakage of the strong magnetic field of the rare earth element permanent magnet of field magnet member also should be noted that around having influence on easily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the field magnet member of a kind of linear electric machine and linear electric machine, its by the arrangement of magnet so that the magnetic flux distribution of concentrating very much to be provided, interact in the extra moment of vertical moving direction with the reduction electromagnetic force, and the surface area that increases the mover pass air gap and stator poles accordingly is to impel flux concentrating on relative bigger surface, and the flux leakage of reduction surrounding environment, the linear driving force of further promoting linear electric machine.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of linear electric machine, it is formed with a field magnet member and an armature member who contains a plurality of coils; And, linear electric machine characteristic of the present invention is that field magnet member contains a plurality of magnetic elements that contain permanent magnet that form connecting support with magnetic conductive material of arranging along moving direction, and aforementioned permanent magnet is placed in the connecting support inner surface of each magnetic element to form two magnetic poles of magnetic element, on first direction, be configured to opposite in fact each other with two permanent magnet poles pole-faces of each magnetic element, and each magnetic pole pole-face of two permanent magnet poles of each magnetic element only demonstrates a single polarity of the magnetic field and opposite with the polarity of the magnetic field of another magnetic pole pole-face, and the permanent magnet that adjoins along moving direction is each other not only with separated and each other with magnetic isolation and with the continuous alternate configurations of polarity of the magnetic field N/S.Thereby, the two opposite magnetic poles of magnetic flux return path polarization that the permanent magnet on the magnetic element borrows the connecting support as the yoke function of magnetic element to provide; Adjoin the influence of field magnet and concentrating of enhancement magnetic pole magnetic flux with reduction by means of each interval of adjoining magnetic element along moving direction and magnetic isolation.And, can reduce added burden (not shown) in the mover supporting mechanism corresponding to magnetic element two magnetic poles on vertical moving direction both sides.
The present invention is principal character with the magnetic element that contains permanent magnet of a plurality of magnetic isolation as the field magnet of linear electric machine.Each magnetic element that contains permanent magnet has two opposite magnetic poles of polarity of the magnetic field and connecting support as yoke, and two magnetic pole pole-faces of each magnetic element are configured to opposite in fact each other on first direction, adjoin the influence of field magnet and concentrating of enhancement magnetic pole magnetic flux with reduction by means of the magnetic isolation each other of adjoining magnetic element along moving direction.
Another feature of the present invention, the connecting support of each magnetic element of field magnet member part is forming sealing round moving direction in the linear electric machine, make the magnetic flux distribution balance more of two magnetic pole pole-faces of the magnetic element of field magnet member, and reduce the flux leakage of field magnet member.
In an another feature of specializing, adding extra permanent magnet in the sealing connecting support of the magnetic element of linear electric machine distributes to guide to return as the magnetic flux in the connecting support of yoke, the magnetic flux distribution of magnetic element two magnetic poles is determined, and further reduces the flux leakage of field magnet member.
In a preferable specific another feature, additionally increasing hardly under the volume of linear electric machine, magnet member's magnetic element increases extra permanent magnet poles pole-face at each magnetic pole and have corresponding permanent magnet pole-face on second direction.This kind gain, supporting mechanism additionally increases burden hardly to mover, but makes flux concentrating on big relatively surface, to increase the air-gap flux surface area of linear electric machine, provides linear electric machine bigger relatively moment output.
In an another feature of specializing, for increasing extra permanent magnet pole-face at each magnetic pole, corresponding magnet member's magnetic element on second direction, has corresponding permanent magnet pole-face, the armature member is contained a plurality of magnetic isolation and is connected into the electromagnet elements that contains coil to the utmost point with the core of magnetic conductivity, though the core of magnetic conductivity connects into and the utmost point is formed electromagnet the operation of motor is had adverse influence, but when the coil of electromagnet elements by with current excitation the time, the core of magnetic conductivity connects into extremely can providing bigger moment, and the arrangement that independently electromagnet poles is right separately can be handled the magnetic flux conversion disturbing effect of adjoining between coil.
In another preferable specializing, it is corresponding on second direction that field magnet member in the linear electric machine not only increases extra permanent magnet poles pole-face, and the connecting support of magnetic element forms sealing, make the magnetic flux distribution of field magnet member magnetic element can be modified into more balance, and the flux leakage of minimizing field magnet member with being provided, relative bigger moment is exported.
In better specializing, the field magnet member of linear electric machine is except increasing extra permanent magnet poles pole-face on second direction, and add extra permanent magnet in the sealing connecting support of magnetic element and return distribution to guide as the magnetic flux in the connecting support of yoke, the magnetic flux distribution of two magnetic poles of magnetic element is determined, and further reduces the flux leakage of field magnet member.
In aforementioned miscellaneous specializing, one of them of armature member and field magnet member forms a stator of linear electric machine, and another forms a mover of linear electric machine.When linear electric machine with field magnet member as mover with the armature member during as stator, armature coil need more control circuit and armature coil magnetic flux may leak and be unfavorable for the external world; But the structure of linear drives is easy to arrange.Yet, when linear electric machine with field magnet member as stator with the armature member during as mover, though, the structure of linear drives is difficult for arranging, but minimizing because of armature member electromagnet elements quantity, and reduce required control circuit, and, make the coil flux of linear electric machine be difficult for influencing each other with surrounding environment because of a plurality of coils of armature member are comprised by field magnet member.
This kind arrangement, because the magnetic flux of linear electric machine is modified into more concentrated more smooth with magnetic flux distribution, and impel flux concentrating on bigger relatively surface, with the flux leakage that reduces surrounding environment, and the improvement geometrically of taking the histological structure of linear electric machine into account, thereby reduce electromagnetic force and interact in the extra moment of vertical moving direction, with additionally do not increase under the situation of space and weight as far as possible, promote the linear driving force of linear electric machine further.
Further specializing after the present invention showed and described, and via contemplate illustration of the present invention clearly, additional advantage of the present invention will become technology easy to implement very soon and significantly.When the present invention when actual embodiment, the present invention can have other hypostazation measure of all kinds and not exclusively the same; It can only repair several details of the present invention, and does not depart from the viewpoint explanation of every technology item that claim that the present invention narrates puts down in writing, and carries out the present invention.Thereby, the description that the present invention did and only draw just and to be regarded as in essence explanation at this, but not be the restriction of actual implementation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of first embodiment of the invention linear electric machine;
Fig. 2 is the constitutional diagram of first embodiment of the invention linear electric machine;
Fig. 2 A is a first embodiment of the invention with the linear electric machine that illustrates Fig. 2 along the resulting cutaway view of line A-A;
Fig. 2 B is that the linear electric machine of Fig. 2 is along the resulting part detailed sectional view of line B-B;
Fig. 3 is a second embodiment of the invention, is analogous to the structural section figure of a change of the sectional view that part is detailed among Fig. 2 B;
Fig. 4 is the mover structural upright exploded view of third embodiment of the invention linear electric machine;
Fig. 4 A is the magnetic element exploded view of third embodiment of the invention mover;
Fig. 4 B is to illustrate the cutaway view of third embodiment of the invention linear electric machine;
Fig. 5 is the constitutional diagram of third embodiment of the invention linear electric machine;
Fig. 6 is a fourth embodiment of the invention, is analogous to the cutaway view of part-structure of the change of Fig. 4 B structure linear electric machine;
Fig. 7 is the constitutional diagram of sixth embodiment of the invention linear electric machine;
Fig. 7 A is that sixth embodiment of the invention is to illustrate the cutaway view of Fig. 7 linear electric machine;
Fig. 8 is a seventh embodiment of the invention, is analogous to the cutaway view of the change part-structure of aforementioned the 4th embodiment linear electric machine;
Fig. 9 is a fifth embodiment of the invention, is analogous to the cutaway view of the change part-structure of Fig. 6 structure linear electric machine;
Figure 10 A is the perspective view of the traditional stator in the traditional permanent magnet type linear motor;
Figure 10 B is the front cross-sectional view of the traditional stator in the traditional permanent magnet type linear motor.
The main element symbol description
Field magnet in the 1 conventional linear motor
The fixedly bar of the field magnet in the 5 conventional linear motors
10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 101,103b, 102a, 102b field magnet member shell
Each half one of 11a, 11b, 111,112,112b, 113a, 113b, 114 magnetic element connecting supports
12, the bipolarity permanent magnet of 12b, 121a, 121b, 122a magnetic element
13, the extra permanent magnet of 13b, 131,132 connecting support dual-sides
The magnetic conductivity core of 31 electromagnet elements
32, a utmost point of 32b, 321a, 321b, the paired utmost point of 322a electromagnet elements
Separately groove on 4 of each utmost point of the paired utmost point of 32a electromagnet elements end angles
33, the coil of 33b electromagnet elements
3 electromagnet elements
511 bonding pads
The protuberance of 511b bonding pad
The solid locking element of 511a bonding pad
The solid locking element of 101a and 101b field magnet member shell
512 armature member holders
The projection of 512a armature member holder
The permanent magnet of two magnetic poles of 80 magnetic elements is each other in the gap of first direction
81 adjoin gap between magnetic element along what moving direction was arranged in parallel
82 adjoin the interelement gap of stator electromagnet along what moving direction was arranged in parallel
70 separate the air gap of armature member and field magnet member on the opposite two sides of first direction
71 at two air gaps between definition armature member and field magnet member on the two sides of second direction
Embodiment
Various embodiment of the present invention will be described in the following diagram.In icon, partly be suitable each other with what indicate other element with same reference numbers with the part of same reference numbers indication element.
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of first embodiment of the invention linear electric machine.Described linear electric machine contains a field magnet member and an armature member.Wherein, field magnet member contains a plurality of magnetic elements that contain permanent magnet that have two magnetic poles separately of arranging along moving direction, and each magnetic element that contains permanent magnet has the connecting support that forms with magnetic conductive material; In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to be easy to explain but not as restriction, the connecting support of magnetic element be divided into generally take the shape of the letter U approximately with corresponding approximately two and half 11a of, 11b, and the inner surface of each U-shaped half one of connecting support is settled the thin U-shaped bipolarity permanent magnet 12 as magnetic element two magnetic poles respectively, makes each magnetic pole of each magnetic element two magnetic pole have the pole-face that takes the shape of the letter U approximately; And each U-shaped permanent magnet demonstrates a single polarity of the magnetic field on the surface towards air gap, and opposite with the polarity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet backside surface that is bonded to magnetic element connecting support inner surface.Each U-shaped half 11a of, 11b of each magnetic element connecting support are placed within field magnet member shell 10a, the 10b, with the combination of field magnet member shell, a plurality of magnetic elements that contain permanent magnet are placed within field magnet member shell 10a, the 10b of non-magnetic.Contain on the armature member along the electromagnet elements with paired utmost point 3 of a plurality of magnetic isolation of moving direction arrangement, and utmost point of each structure that takes the shape of the letter U approximately of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements has groove 32a separately on 4 end angles of each U-shaped utmost point; As each having a protuberance 511b in conjunction with each side on the two sides of the last bonding pad 511 that adjoins electromagnet elements and following bonding pad 511 each leisure itself, present by narrow to wide variation, and outside broad is in, and to combine with the main body of bonding pad at interior narrower place; Wherein, the main body of each bonding pad can be described into the composition of two parts, and it is in conjunction with upper and lower two ends that become elongated member approximately, and each side on the two sides of junction separately in conjunction with one by narrow to wide protuberance 511b; Thereby, the last elongated member of a bonding pad can be closely adjacent with the following elongated member of another bonding pad, make the hole on the last bonding pad 511 that adjoins mutually borrow traditional fixed form combination, and the projection 512a of solid locking element 511a and armature member holder 512 show in the drawings as illustration.The armature member borrows the protuberance 511b on the bonding pad closely to agree with mutually separately with the groove 32a that the U-shaped of electromagnet elements is extremely gone up, make bonding pad 511 combinations that electromagnet elements 3 forms via the non-magnetic material of adjoining, thereby each electromagnet elements of armature member there is not the contact of ferromagnetism each other along the moving direction arrangement.Field magnet member borrows linear slide rail relevant with armature member holder 512, and the armature member is comprised by the field magnet member magnetic element to small part, and one of them is corresponding with two magnetic poles of the magnetic element of field magnet member separately to make each utmost point of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements of armature member.In first embodiment, the armature member is as a stator, and field magnet member is as a mover.In fact, even the last bonding pad among the armature member of linear electric machine does not exist, can't be different to the operation of linear electric machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the constitutional diagram of the first embodiment linear electric machine, and the power that provides straight line to move can be provided.Fig. 2 A is the first embodiment of the present invention with the linear electric machine that illustrates Fig. 2 along the resulting cutaway view of line A-A.In field magnet member shell 10a, 10b, the interior example surface of each U-shaped half 11a of, 11b of the connecting support of each magnetic element of mover is mounted with the magnetic pole pole-face separately towards the U-shaped permanent magnet 12 perpendicular to moving direction, and each U-shaped permanent magnet poles pole-face only demonstrates a single polarity of the magnetic field and opposite with the polarity of the magnetic field of another permanent magnet poles U-shaped pole-face of same magnetic element; And, two magnetic pole pole-faces of each magnetic element are configured to opposite in fact each other on first direction, on second direction, have corresponding pole-face with each pole-face of two magnetic pole pole-faces of each magnetic element, and the permanent magnet on two magnetic poles of each magnetic element is separated with gap 80 in first direction each other; Wherein, first direction is perpendicular to moving direction at this, second direction is then perpendicular to moving direction and first direction, and the connecting support of magnetic conductive substance manufacturing forms the yoke of magnetic element, with the path that a magnetic flux as two permanent magnet poles of magnetic element returns, make the flux concentrating that produces moment end in magnetic element two permanent magnet poles.Each electromagnet elements of stator contains the paired utmost point with core 31 connections of a magnetic conductivity, and have a coil 33 on the core of stator electromagnet element, to form, and each utmost point 32 of the paired utmost point of each electromagnet elements all contain U-shaped pole-face separately; And, the armature member is comprised by the field magnet member magnetic element to small part, the armature member is not only separated with air gap 70 and field magnet member on the opposite two sides of first direction, and at two air gaps 71 between definition armature member and field magnet member on the two sides of second direction.At this, one of them is corresponding across two permanent magnet poles 12 of the magnetic element of separately air gap and field magnet member respectively for each utmost point 32 of armature member's the paired utmost point of a plurality of electromagnet elements that is arranged in parallel along moving direction, with the air gap 70 of first direction of respective poles definition in two magnetic poles of each utmost point of electromagnet elements and magnetic element and the air gap 71 of two second directions.For the electromagnet elements that is centered on the armature member who comprises by the magnetic element of field magnet member, when the coil of electromagnet elements is subjected to when excitatory, its magnetic flux is via electromagnet cores part 31, the paired utmost point 32, sees through the reciprocation of two permanent magnets, the 12 mutual intercropping electromagnetism of the air gap of separating armature member and field magnet member and field magnet member magnetic element.Electromagnet elements borrows the following bonding pad 511 that adjoins mutually to be assembled in armature member holder 512; And the hole on the last bonding pad 511 that adjoins is mutually borrowed solid locking element 511a combination; Among the figure, bonding pad, armature member holder and the manufactured materials of solid locking element can use the material of non-magnetic, as pottery, aluminium or stainless steel or the like, so that each stator electromagnet element is magnetic flux path independently voluntarily in fact separately each other.Polarity of the magnetic field N, the S that is indicated among the figure just for as the magnetic pole pole-face towards the illustrating of the polarity of the magnetic field of air gap, be not construed as limiting.
Fig. 2 B is that the linear electric machine of Fig. 2 is along the resulting part detailed sectional view of line B-B.As illustration among Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 B, magnetic element in mover combines with field magnet member shell 10a, 10b with its connecting support 11a, 11b, and the surface, inside of U-shaped connecting support 11a, the 11b of each magnetic element is mounted with the magnetic pole pole-face separately is configured to opposite in fact permanent magnet 12 each other on first direction; Make field magnet member a plurality of magnetic elements each magnetic pole be arranged in parallel along moving direction adjoin the magnetic element magnetic pole, with the continuous alternate configurations of pole polarity N/S.The electromagnet elements 3 of stator has core 31 linking a paired utmost point 32, and with the material manufacturing of magnetic conductivity, as Fe, SiFe, SiFeP, SiFeCo or the like; And there is coil 33 on the core 31 of electromagnet elements, to form.Though, the gap of adjoining between magnetic element 81 that is arranged in parallel along moving direction does not need identical, do not need identical with the interelement gap 82 of stator electromagnet of adjoining that is arranged in parallel along moving direction yet, so that suitable relative position according to mover that perceptron predicts and stator, control separately excitatory of coil on the electromagnet elements rightly, cause the magnetization of corresponding mover electromagnet elements, provide relatively moving with respect to stator to drive mover.In addition, along moving direction be arranged in parallel adjoin between magnetic element gap 81 with can be predetermined along the interelement gap 82 of stator electromagnet of adjoining that moving direction is arranged in parallel, make the arrangement of perceptron and control become easy.
In the linear electric machine, the brush of placing perceptron in position or cooperating with commutator makes the coil current of controlling each other electromagnet elements in the suitable time respectively, to obtain smooth-going output.For example, as reaction, control the excitatory of coil on the electromagnet elements rightly, cause the magnetization of corresponding armature member electromagnet elements with stator that perceptron was predicted and mover relative position; And opposite polarity of the magnetic field N, S produce on the pole-face of the two poles of the earth of the paired utmost point of electromagnet thereupon, and the magnetic flux that this coil excitation caused is crossed air gap and produced magnetomotive force, with the reciprocal effect of the mutual intercropping electromagnetism of the permanent magnet poles on the field magnet member, to drive mover.
In all embodiment of the present invention, with the coil excitation control of single the electromagnet elements of armature member among first embodiment as illustrating, when the coil of armature member's a certain electromagnet elements in addition during current excitation, pole-face separately at the two poles of the earth of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements produces opposite polarity of the magnetic field, and the polarity of the magnetic field that the pole-face of each utmost point is produced is identical.Because of opposite pole is inhaled mutually, when the N Ghandler motion of field magnet member permanent magnet poles during to the S utmost point of armature member electromagnet elements magnetic pole, the permanent magnet poles element also shift to the N utmost point of the paired magnetic pole of same electromagnet elements simultaneously at the S of first direction opposite side utmost point, the field magnet member permanent magnet poles is attracted by the stator electromagnet element.And be attracted in the field magnet member permanent magnet poles, when consequently comprising armature member electromagnet elements, the electric current in the coil of reverse electromagnet elements is so that the polarity of the magnetic field of the two poles of the earth pole-face of the paired utmost point of armature member electromagnet elements also reverses thereupon.
At this moment, the polarity of the magnetic field of the paired magnetic pole of armature member electromagnet elements repels each other because of like pole with the field magnet member permanent magnet poles outside being enclosed in, and makes the field magnet member permanent magnet poles by the repulsion of armature member electromagnet elements institute; But also inhale mutually simultaneously, and the field magnet member permanent magnet poles of adjoining is attracted because of opposite pole.Repeat above-mentioned process, thereby cause the mover rotation.In said process carries out, on first direction, be configured to opposite in fact in the field magnet member permanent magnet poles, because the two poles of the earth of field magnet member produce reciprocal in fact gravitation or repulsion on first direction, and because on second direction, each magnetic pole pole-face at the two poles of the earth of field magnet member has corresponding pole-face and is created in reciprocal gravitation or repulsion on second direction, make to act on that the undesired additional force perpendicular to moving direction can be lowered between mover and stator, be applied to a added burden in the mover supporting mechanism with reduction.
Fig. 2 B shows the embodiment that armature member's three-phase is arranged for foundation the present invention.In the drawings, the interelement gap of stator electromagnet of adjoining that is arranged in parallel has identical approximately spacing with the gap of adjoining permanent magnet along moving direction, just as auxiliary illustration, but not as restriction.
Fig. 3 is the second embodiment of the present invention, is analogous to the structural section figure of a change of the detailed sectional view of part among Fig. 2 B.Fig. 3 shows another embodiment that armature member's three-phase is arranged for foundation the present invention.In order to reduce control circuit and to reduce armature coil on every side to possible magnetic flux influence; Fig. 3 linear electric machine with field magnet member as stator, the armature member is then as mover, with stator that perceptron was predicted and mover relative position as reaction, control the excitatory of coil on the electromagnet elements rightly, cause the magnetization of corresponding mover electromagnet elements, provide relatively moving with respect to stator to drive mover.In order to cooperate the stator of field magnet member as linear electric machine, the field magnet member shell that stator casing 10c, 10d in a second embodiment can be considered the field magnet member of first embodiment is extended, so that settle a plurality of magnetic elements that contain permanent magnet that have two magnetic poles separately of more arranging along moving direction.This kind change of Fig. 3 linear motor structure, the field magnet member that is used as stator because of a plurality of coils of armature member comprises, and makes the coil flux of linear electric machine be difficult for influencing each other with surrounding environment; And the minimizing because of armature member electromagnet elements quantity also reduces required control circuit.
Illustration as first and second embodiment of the present invention, two magnetic pole pole-faces of each magnetic element of the field magnet member of linear electric machine not only are configured to opposite in fact each other on first direction, and each pole-face of two magnetic pole pole-faces of each magnetic element has extra corresponding pole-face on second direction.Borrow the mutual magnetic isolation of field magnet member magnetic element, can reduce being modified of influence of adjoining field magnet and the concentrated and magnetic flux distribution of promoting the magnetic pole magnetic flux, and bigger air-gap flux surface area is provided; And the balance of the magnetic flux distribution at the two poles of the earth impels flux concentrating on bigger relatively surface, to promote the torque capacity of linear electric machine; And because of the unlikely harmful effect that causes motor of balancing effect between stator and mover perpendicular to the magnetic attraction strength of moving direction.
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional exploded view of mover structure of the linear electric machine of the third embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 A is the exploded view of magnetic element of the mover of the third embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 B is to illustrate the cutaway view of third embodiment of the present invention linear electric machine.Fig. 5 is the constitutional diagram of the linear electric machine of the 3rd embodiment, and the power that provides straight line to move can be provided.With respect to first embodiment, two U-shapeds, half one 111 that the connecting support of each magnetic element partly is divided into the tool same structure in the 3rd embodiment is forming sealing round moving direction, and each half, 111 inner surface of connecting support are mounted with U-shaped bipolarity permanent magnet 12; And each electromagnet elements of armature member still remains unchanged, and one of them is corresponding with two magnetic poles of the magnetic element of field magnet member separately to make each utmost point 32 of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements.Thereby the armature member not only separates with air gap 70 and field magnet member on the opposite two sides of first direction, and at two air gaps 71 between definition armature member and field magnet member on the two sides of second direction.In the 3rd embodiment, the field magnet member shell of non-magnetic is divided into the halves 101 of same structure and borrows traditional fixed form combination, a plurality of magnetic elements of mover are placed in the field magnet member shell 101 of non-magnetic, and solid locking element 101a and 101b show in the drawings as illustration.This kind change of the 3rd embodiment, can make the preparation of zero element comparatively simple, make the more balance that is modified as the magnetic flux return path in the connecting support of the magnetic element of yoke, and then the magnetic flux distribution of magnetic element is modified, with the flux leakage that reduces field magnet member, to reach further the demand of balance geometrically, it with icon display in the drawings; Polarity of the magnetic field N, the S that is indicated among the figure just for as the magnetic pole pole-face towards the illustrating of the polarity of the magnetic field of air gap, be not construed as limiting.
Fig. 6 is the fourth embodiment of the present invention, is analogous to the cutaway view of part-structure of change of the linear electric machine of Fig. 4 B structure.In the 4th embodiment, the dual-side of each U-shaped half one of the connecting support of the magnetic element of field magnet member adds extra permanent magnet 13, and adding extra permanent magnet 13 purposes at the connecting support dual-side is to guide as the concentrating with direction of the magnetic flux recurrence of flux circuit in connecting support of magnetic element.Though, the opposite polarity permanent magnet poles 12 of two magnetic pole pole-faces of magnetic element inboard does not change, but assembling for the ease of two extra permanent magnets 13 of each magnetic element of field magnet member, each U-shaped half one of the connecting support of the magnetic element in the previous embodiment is substituted with each half one 112 of the connecting support of Fig. 6, and it with icon display in the drawings; The polarity of the magnetic field direction that is indicated among the figure just for as the illustrating of polarity of the magnetic field, is not construed as limiting.Yet in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the shape magnetic conductive substance of one of them available phase similar shape of the two extra permanent magnets 13 of Fig. 6 replaces.This kind change can make the magnetic flux distribution of magnetic element be modified with flux leakage and be further reduced, to obtain the running of better linear electric machine.
Fig. 9 is the fifth embodiment of the present invention, is analogous to the cutaway view of part-structure of change of the linear electric machine of Fig. 6 structure.Consider the convenience of the preparation and the manufacturing of permanent magnet, each magnetic pole of magnetic element changes a circular arc permanent magnet poles 12b separately among the figure, making has two radial component air gaps with separation stator and mover between stator and mover, and stator poles has axial corresponding axial component air gap to separate the stator poles and the mover utmost point with corresponding mover interpolar.In order to cooperate the change of permanent magnet 12b, each half 112b of of field magnet member shell 101b, magnetic element connecting support with also must become at the extra permanent magnet 13b of connecting support dual-side thereupon.And each utmost point 32b of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements also needs to cooperate permanent magnet 12b to change with the coil 33b of electromagnet elements, and it with illustration in the drawings.Wherein, opposite in fact because magnetic element two magnetic poles are configured on first direction, make the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements and corresponding magnetic element two magnetic poles on the component of first direction, produce reciprocal in fact gravitation or repulsion; And because each magnetic pole pole-face of magnetic element two magnetic poles has corresponding pole-face on second direction, make each utmost point of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements on the component of second direction, produce opposite each other and corresponding gravitation or repulsion with the corresponding permanent magnet poles of magnetic element two magnetic poles, make to act on that the undesired additional force perpendicular to moving direction can be lowered between mover and stator, be applied to a added burden in the mover supporting mechanism with reduction.Arrange like this,, the operation of linear electric machine be there is no difference though can reduce the pole-face surface area of each utmost point.
Fig. 7 is the constitutional diagram of the linear electric machine of the 6th embodiment, and the power that provides arc to move back and forth can be provided.Fig. 7 A is the sixth embodiment of the present invention with the cutaway view of the linear electric machine that illustrates Fig. 7, is analogous to the cutaway view of the linear electric machine of aforementioned the 4th embodiment.In the 6th embodiment,, the structure that makes linear electric machine moves back and forth each half 113a of, 113b of field magnet member shell 102a, 102b, magnetic element connecting support and also must thereupon become for being suitable for arc at the extra permanent magnet 131 of connecting support dual-side; And, the last magnetic flux distribution that balance can be arranged of each magnetic pole 121a, 121b for each magnetic element two magnetic pole of making field magnet member, the polar area that each magnetic pole of each magnetic element two magnetic pole has identical approximately size, thereby each utmost point 321a, 321b of armature member's the paired utmost point of each electromagnet elements also cooperate to have the polar area of identical approximately size.This kind arrangement, identical approximately polar area can impel the magnetic flux distribution balance on two magnetic poles of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements and magnetic element, to obtain the demand of balance geometrically, make linear electric machine when being used for the power that arc moves back and forth, still have the advantage of linear electric machine provided by the invention.
In the illustration of aforementioned first to the 6th embodiment, the armature member of linear electric machine is contained a plurality of magnetic isolation of arranging along moving direction and is connected into the electromagnet elements that contains coil to the utmost point with the core of magnetic conductivity; Wherein, the independent magnetic flux that allows of electromagnet elements can be concentrated in electromagnet separately, and the electromagnet elements of magnetic isolation can handle the interference each other of adjoining between electromagnet elements, with the magnetic flux that reduces electromagnet itself adverse effect because of the generation of magnetic flux conversion disturbing effect.
In aforementioned first to the 6th embodiment, field magnet member shell as combination linear motor magnetic element can be formed by the material of magnetic conductivity, though magnetic flux concentrated had adverse effect, the running control of linear electric machine be there is no difference, still can obtain the available running of linear electric machine.
In aforementioned first to the 6th embodiment, the connecting support part of the magnetic element of linear electric machine can be formed by the material of non-magnetic certainly, though magnetic flux concentrated had adverse effect, the running control of linear electric machine be there is no difference, still can obtain the available running of linear electric machine.
Fig. 8 is the seventh embodiment of the present invention, is analogous to the cutaway view of part-structure of change of the linear electric machine of aforementioned the 4th embodiment.Among the figure, two U-shaped permanent magnets of the connecting support inner surface of magnetic element are substituted with a permanent magnet 122a separately; Wherein, the permanent magnet poles pole-face of two magnetic poles of each magnetic element is configured to opposite in fact each other on first direction, and the corresponding pole-face of each permanent magnet poles of two magnetic poles of each magnetic element on second direction is removed, and adds extra permanent magnet distribute to guide to return as the magnetic flux in the connecting support of yoke in the connecting support of the sealing of magnetic element.In order to cooperate the change of permanent magnet 122a, each half one 114 of magnetic element connecting support also must become with the extra permanent magnet 132 at the connecting support dual-side thereupon; And, for one of them is corresponding with two magnetic poles of the magnetic element of field magnet member, the changing also essential cooperation of each utmost point 322a of the paired utmost point that electromagnet elements connects with the core 31 of a magnetic conductivity, it is with illustration in the drawings.Thereby the armature member separates with air gap and field magnet member on the opposite two sides of first direction; Even the extra permanent magnet 132 of connecting support dual-side is replaced with magnetic conductive substance, borrow the field magnet member shell of non-magnetic material manufacturing and the connecting support that magnetic conductive substance is made, still can make the end of the flux concentrating of generation moment in magnetic element two permanent magnet poles.In the illustration of the 7th embodiment, contain extra permanent magnet on the connecting support as the magnetic element of magnetic flux return path with concentrating and guiding as magnetic flux, with flux concentrating that magnetic pole is provided and smooth magnetic flux distribution, and reduce the flux leakage of permanent magnet; And the armature member who contains a plurality of coils of linear electric machine and one of them of field magnet member form a stator of linear electric machine, and another forms a mover of linear electric machine.Wherein, the arrangement of armature member coil can be according to the arrangement of the armature member coil in traditional permanent magnet type linear motor; And armature coil can be to contain iron core or do not contain iron core.This kind change of the 7th embodiment though can reduce the polar area of each utmost point, there is no difference to the operation of linear electric machine.
Though a kind of three-phase linear motor has been shown in an embodiment of the present invention with as illustration, the present invention can be applied to heterogeneous linear electric machine, for example: linear electric machine of two-phase, four phases, five phases or the like.
In addition, linear electric machine of the present invention, magnetic isolation because of a plurality of magnetic elements of the magnetic isolation of a plurality of electromagnet elements of armature member and field magnet member, make armature member's the electromagnet elements and the magnetic element of field magnet member be easier to modularization manufacturing respectively separately, enable to help to make and simplify.Because of each electromagnet elements and magnetic element for independently individual respectively, make the stator of linear electric machine and mover be arranged easily and be adjusted, and can make respectively simultaneously reach more tight so that the coil of electromagnet elements is easy to coiling; So, the copper cash consumption of coil windings can reduce, and improves motor properties.Linear electric machine of the present invention is except providing bigger output, more the energy-efficient, in fact also making linear electric machine be easy to make.
Aforementioned various implementation form is to illustrate the present invention as an illustration, but the present invention is not subjected to these example restrictions.In this is open, only show and a spot of illustrations more miscellaneous of description the present invention.The present invention can be applied in other combination miscellaneous and the environment, and can change in the scope that is no more than the notion of the present invention that is similar to above-mentioned explanation or revise.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of linear electric machine, it includes:
A field magnet member, contain a plurality of magnetic elements that contain permanent magnet that have two magnetic poles separately of arranging along moving direction, and each magnetic pole pole-face of aforementioned each magnetic element two magnetic pole only demonstrates a single polarity of the magnetic field and opposite with the polarity of the magnetic field of another magnetic pole pole-face;
An armature member contain along the electromagnet elements with paired utmost point of a plurality of magnetic isolation of moving direction arrangement, and each utmost point of the paired utmost point of aforementioned each electromagnet elements is all contained pole-face separately; It is characterized in that:
Two magnetic pole pole-faces of aforementioned each magnetic element are configured to opposite in fact each other on first direction, and each pole-face of two magnetic pole pole-faces of aforementioned each magnetic element has corresponding pole-face on second direction;
Aforementioned armature member is comprised by aforementioned field magnet member magnetic element to small part, and one of them is corresponding across two magnetic poles of the magnetic element of separately air gap and aforementioned field magnet member respectively to make each utmost point of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements of aforementioned armature member;
And one of them of aforementioned armature member and aforementioned field magnet member forms a stator of aforementioned linear electric machine, and another forms a mover of aforementioned linear electric machine.
2, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the paired utmost point of each electromagnet elements of aforementioned armature member connects with the core of magnetic conductivity, and there is a coil on the core of electromagnet elements, to form, when coil in addition during current excitation, pole-face separately at the two poles of the earth of the paired utmost point of electromagnet elements produces opposite polarity of the magnetic field, and the polarity of the magnetic field that the pole-face that makes each utmost point produces is identical, and when the current reversal passed through in the coil, also reverse at the polarity of the magnetic field of the two poles of the earth pole-face of the utmost point in pairs thereupon.
3, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the structure that each electromagnet elements of aforementioned armature member is all formed via the non-magnetic material separately is fixed to respectively on the armature member, makes each electromagnet elements of armature member not have the contact of ferromagnetism each other.
4, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: aforementioned each magnetic element that contains permanent magnet has the connecting support that forms with magnetic conductive material; And there are a plurality of permanent magnets to be placed in the inner surface of the connecting support of each magnetic element, to form two magnetic poles of magnetic element; And each permanent magnet that forms the magnetic element magnetic pole demonstrates a single polarity of the magnetic field on the surface towards air gap, and opposite with the polarity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet backside surface of the connecting support inner surface that is bonded to magnetic element.
5, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: each magnetic pole of a plurality of magnetic elements of aforementioned field magnet member adjoins the magnetic element magnetic pole what arrange along moving direction, with the continuous alternate configurations of pole polarity N/S.
6, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the permanent magnet on two magnetic poles of aforementioned each magnetic element is each other with the separated perpendicular to moving direction.
7, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the aforementioned permanent magnet that adjoins along moving direction is each other with separated.
8, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: the aforementioned permanent magnet that adjoins along moving direction is each other not only with separated and there is not the contact of ferromagnetism each other.
9, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the connecting support part of each magnetic element of aforementioned field magnet member is forming sealing round moving direction.
10, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the polar area that each utmost point at the paired utmost point of each electromagnet elements the two poles of the earth of aforementioned armature member has identical approximately size separately, and the polar area of each utmost point of each magnetic element two magnetic pole of aforementioned field magnet member also has identical approximately size separately.
11, linear electric machine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: contain extra permanent magnet on the connecting support of the magnetic element of aforementioned field magnet member with concentrating and guiding as magnetic flux.
12, a kind of field magnet member of linear electric machine is characterized in that it contains:
A plurality of magnetic elements that contain permanent magnet that form connecting support with magnetic conductive material along the moving direction arrangement, and aforementioned permanent magnet is placed in the connecting support inner surface of aforementioned each magnetic element to form two magnetic poles of aforementioned magnetic element, on first direction, put each other with two permanent magnet poles pole-faces of aforementioned each magnetic element with opposite in fact, and each magnetic pole pole-face of two permanent magnet poles of aforementioned each magnetic element only demonstrates a single polarity of the magnetic field and opposite with the polarity of the magnetic field of another magnetic pole pole-face, and the aforementioned permanent magnet that adjoins along moving direction is each other not only with separated and each other with magnetic isolation and with the continuous alternate configurations of polarity of the magnetic field N/S; Wherein, aforementioned linear electric machine contains an aforementioned field magnet member and an armature member who contains a plurality of coils who is comprised by aforementioned field magnet member magnetic element to small part; And one of them of aforementioned armature member and aforementioned field magnet member forms a stator of aforementioned linear electric machine, and another forms a mover of aforementioned linear electric machine.
13, as the field magnet member of linear electric machine as described in the claim 12, it is characterized in that: the connecting support part of each magnetic element of aforementioned field magnet member is forming sealing round moving direction.
14, as the field magnet member of linear electric machine as described in the claim 12, it is characterized in that: contain extra permanent magnet on the connecting support of the magnetic element of aforementioned field magnet member with concentrating and guiding as magnetic flux.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101123333A CN101075774B (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Linear motor and field magnet member of linear motor |
| PCT/CN2008/001088 WO2008148305A1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-04 | Linear motor and field magnet member thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101123333A CN101075774B (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Linear motor and field magnet member of linear motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101075774A true CN101075774A (en) | 2007-11-21 |
| CN101075774B CN101075774B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101123333A Expired - Fee Related CN101075774B (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Linear motor and field magnet member of linear motor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101075774B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008148305A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008148305A1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Lu, Hsaio-Ting | Linear motor and field magnet member thereof |
| CN101997387A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-03-30 | 株式会社安川电机 | Multihead-type coreless linear motor |
| WO2019007200A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-01-10 | 上海合***能科技有限公司 | Linear motor and mover thereof |
| CN111758209A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-10-09 | 通力股份公司 | Electric linear motor |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3627673B1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2023-07-26 | Etel S.A. | Segmented secondary part for a linear motor |
| CN113410972B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-05-24 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Magnetic field isolation device for linear motor |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5175455A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-12-29 | Otis Elevator Company | Permanent magnet linear door motor |
| JP3395155B2 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2003-04-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Linear motor and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2001286120A (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-12 | Mitsui High Tec Inc | Linear motor |
| JP3851265B2 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2006-11-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Linear motor |
| AU2003263507A1 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-13 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | High force density linear electric motor |
| CN101075774B (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2010-08-11 | 联塑(杭州)机械有限公司 | Linear motor and field magnet member of linear motor |
-
2007
- 2007-06-04 CN CN2007101123333A patent/CN101075774B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-06-04 WO PCT/CN2008/001088 patent/WO2008148305A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008148305A1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Lu, Hsaio-Ting | Linear motor and field magnet member thereof |
| CN101997387A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-03-30 | 株式会社安川电机 | Multihead-type coreless linear motor |
| CN101997387B (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2014-08-06 | 株式会社安川电机 | Multihead-type coreless linear motor |
| WO2019007200A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-01-10 | 上海合***能科技有限公司 | Linear motor and mover thereof |
| CN111758209A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-10-09 | 通力股份公司 | Electric linear motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008148305A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
| CN101075774B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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Granted publication date: 20100811 Termination date: 20140604 |