CN101072915A - 摩擦焊接方法 - Google Patents
摩擦焊接方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101072915A CN101072915A CNA2005800423185A CN200580042318A CN101072915A CN 101072915 A CN101072915 A CN 101072915A CN A2005800423185 A CNA2005800423185 A CN A2005800423185A CN 200580042318 A CN200580042318 A CN 200580042318A CN 101072915 A CN101072915 A CN 101072915A
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- plug
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- steel
- friction welding
- manganese steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B11/00—Rail joints
- E01B11/44—Non-dismountable rail joints; Welded joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/26—Railway- or like rails
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
- C21D9/505—Cooling thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
在用于将由高锰钢铸件制成的道岔件或交叉件或者高锰钢轨道与由碳钢制成的轨道相连接的方法中，所述待彼此连接的部件必要时在中间连接插件的情况下通过摩擦焊接相连接，其中所述与高锰钢的焊接连接在不进行热处理的情况下在静止的空气中冷却。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将由高锰钢铸件制成的道岔件或交叉件或者高锰钢轨道与由碳钢制成的轨道相连接的方法。
背景技术
为了将高锰钢铸件中心件与标准钢轨相连接，在AT350881B以及DE2834282A中已经提出进行对头烧熔焊接，利用这种对头烧熔焊接将插件与标准钢轨相连接。因此，按照这个较旧的建议，将所述插件定尺寸剪切到最多20到25毫米的长度，随后借助于另一次对头烧熔焊接将该插件与所述高锰钢铸件中心件相连接。这个第二焊接过程要求冷却速度比在第一焊接过程之后更快，其中应该避免因较慢的冷却速度而引起的轨道钢变脆。因此，所述插件的使用尤为必要，因为在所述焊接过程中合金元素扩散到标准钢轨的碳钢中，由此导致接缝不精确并且由此导致断裂危险增加。另一方面，现在认为插件与高锰钢铸件相比要软得多，并且由于这个原因遭受更加严重的磨损。奥氏体钢被建议用于所述插件，但其耐磨性由此不及中心件的材料，从而在所述插件尺寸太长的情况下就会观察到所述插件的摩擦面的凹陷。如果另一方面所选择的插件太短，那又存在着合金元素从高锰钢扩散到碳钢中这种危险。所述插件由此用于在热方面隔离所述两个焊接点，以便能够在相应焊接点上保持相应所要求的冷却条件，并且避免脆化。在这种情况下，所述高锰钢铸件的脆化首先应该归因于扩散效应，与此相反可以通过对头烧熔焊接的温度对碳钢进行相应的软冷却。
在EP0070774A中可得知一种用于在由锰钢铸件制成的轨道和由碳钢制成的轨道之间建立连接的方法，其中要为所述由锰钢铸件制成的轨道件使用特殊的合金。对于所述在奥氏体锰钢和钢制工件之间的连接，在EP181251A中也已提出进行铝热熔化并且在两个在模具中保持间距的轨道件之间浇铸一种如此得到的金属。在AT395122B中提出一种由用铌和/或钛进行稳定处理的、低碳化的奥氏体钢制成的插件，并且尤其使用铬-镍-钢，其中在这里紧接在所述插件和标准钢轨之间的第一焊接连接之后需要进行热处理，并且尤其提出在350℃和1000℃之间的温度下进行扩散退火。
发明内容
现在本发明的任务是提供一种开头所述类型的方法，其中用大为缩短的插件就满足用途，其中优选甚至可以放弃使用插件。为解决该任务，所述按本发明的方法基本上在于，将有待彼此连接的部件在必要时在中间连接插件的情况下通过摩擦焊接相连接，其中所述与高锰钢之间的焊接连接在不进行热处理的情况下在静止的空气中进行冷却。事实令人惊讶地表明，通过使用摩擦焊接方法，与其它公知的焊接方法相比可以如此多地降低焊接点的热负荷，从而可以将扩散过程限制在最小程度上，并且可以将不受欢迎的热移位几乎完全消除。将摩擦焊接用作建立连接的方法可以完全放弃中间连接插件，而不必紧接在焊接连接之后进行单独的热处理。唯一可能必要的、但不应该称为热处理的热处理是对标准钢轨进行预热，以便能够以简单的方式实现焊接连接所要求的温度。无论如何，即使在没有中间连接插件且在没有热处理的情况下也能在静止的空气中成功地使焊接连接冷却，由此使该方法与所述公知的方法相比得到显著简化。
按本发明，以有利的方式在使用插件时如此进行，即使得必要时进行的热处理或者说迟延的冷却限制在碳钢和插件之间的焊接连接上。但是，在使用摩擦焊接方法的情况下，通常同样可以取消在所述第一焊接、即轨道与插件的焊接之后的热处理。
在此，肯定没有必要进行在与所述高锰钢铸件焊接之后的补充热处理。仅仅为摩擦焊接过程对标准钢轨进行预热证实是十分有利的。
总之，由此可以以特别简单的方式在使用公知的、就象比如可从EP1459833A1或WO2004/028733A1中得知的摩擦焊接方法的情况下放弃成本很高的热处理，其中令人惊讶的是即使不使用插件也消除了公知的焊接方法的不利的伴随现象，并且阻止可能导致凹陷形成的软退火区域的形成。
Claims (2)
1.用于将由高锰钢铸件制成的道岔件或交叉件或者高锰钢轨道与由碳钢制成的轨道相连接的方法，其特征在于，所述待彼此连接的部件必要时在中间连接插件的情况下通过摩擦焊接相连接，其中所述与高锰钢的焊接连接在不进行热处理的情况下在静止的空气中冷却。
2.按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在使用插件时将必要时进行的热处理或者说迟延的冷却限制在碳钢和插件之间的焊接连接上。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0208504A AT501239B1 (de) | 2004-12-10 | 2004-12-10 | Verfahren zum verbinden von aus manganhartstahlguss bestehenden weichenteilen oder von manganstahlschienen mit einer schiene aus kohlenstoffstahl |
| ATA2085/2004 | 2004-12-10 | ||
| PCT/AT2005/000487 WO2006060832A1 (de) | 2004-12-10 | 2005-12-02 | Reibschweissverfahren |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101072915A true CN101072915A (zh) | 2007-11-14 |
| CN101072915B CN101072915B (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
Family
ID=36096100
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005800423185A Expired - Fee Related CN101072915B (zh) | 2004-12-10 | 2005-12-02 | 摩擦焊接方法 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080093419A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1831468B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2008522824A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20070087001A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101072915B (zh) |
| AT (1) | AT501239B1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2005313823A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0518966B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2593984A1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2515098T3 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO20073518L (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL1831468T3 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2377354C2 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI296952B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2006060832A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200705038B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5853405B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-25 | 2016-02-09 | 株式会社Ihi | 摩擦接合方法及び接合構造体 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2307002A1 (de) * | 1973-02-13 | 1974-08-29 | Schneider Gesenkschmiede | Metallisches formteil |
| DE2834282A1 (de) * | 1977-08-19 | 1979-02-22 | Voest Ag | Verfahren zur verbindung von aus manganhartstahlguss bestehenden herzstuecken mit aus kohlenstoffstahl bestehenden schienen |
| AT395122B (de) * | 1990-07-20 | 1992-09-25 | Voest Alpine Eisenbahnsysteme | Verfahren zur verbindung von aus manganhartstahlguss bestehenden weichenteilen bzw. manganstahlschienen mit einer schiene aus kohlenstoffstahl |
| EP1459833A1 (de) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-09-22 | voestalpine Schienen GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden der Stirnseiten von Teilen durch Reibschweissen |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2509769A1 (fr) | 1981-07-17 | 1983-01-21 | Creusot Loire | Appareil de voie en acier au manganese et procede de raccordement de cet appareil de voie a des rails en acier au carbone |
| FR2572319B1 (fr) | 1984-10-26 | 1988-07-22 | C3F Comp Franc Forges Fond | Procede de raccordement d'une piece en acier austenitique au manganese a une piece en acier ordinaire |
| FR2645547B1 (fr) * | 1989-04-05 | 1991-07-26 | Manoir Ind | Insert pour le raccordement d'une piece en acier au manganese a une autre piece en acier au carbone, procede de raccordement a l'aide de cet insert, et assemblage obtenu par ce procede |
| JP3102444B2 (ja) * | 1991-10-11 | 2000-10-23 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 摩擦圧接方法 |
| DE19621017C1 (de) * | 1996-05-24 | 1998-01-08 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleisoberbauteils sowie Gleisoberbauteil |
| FR2840628B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-05 | 2004-08-13 | Cogifer | File de rail comportant un element d'appareil de voie et un troncon de rail soudes sans apport de matiere |
| EP1398106A1 (en) * | 2002-09-14 | 2004-03-17 | AEA Technology plc | Method and apparatus for welding rails with a rotating welding steel disc |
| AT411883B (de) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-07-26 | Voestalpine Schienen Gmbh | Verfahren zum metallischen verbinden von stäben |
-
2004
- 2004-12-10 AT AT0208504A patent/AT501239B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-12-02 BR BRPI0518966A patent/BRPI0518966B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-02 WO PCT/AT2005/000487 patent/WO2006060832A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-12-02 EP EP05816456.7A patent/EP1831468B1/de active Active
- 2005-12-02 RU RU2007125974/11A patent/RU2377354C2/ru active
- 2005-12-02 ES ES05816456.7T patent/ES2515098T3/es active Active
- 2005-12-02 AU AU2005313823A patent/AU2005313823A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-02 CA CA002593984A patent/CA2593984A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-02 JP JP2007544682A patent/JP2008522824A/ja active Pending
- 2005-12-02 US US11/792,468 patent/US20080093419A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-02 KR KR1020077015710A patent/KR20070087001A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-12-02 CN CN2005800423185A patent/CN101072915B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-02 PL PL05816456T patent/PL1831468T3/pl unknown
- 2005-12-07 TW TW094143103A patent/TWI296952B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2007
- 2007-06-06 ZA ZA200705038A patent/ZA200705038B/xx unknown
- 2007-07-09 NO NO20073518A patent/NO20073518L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2307002A1 (de) * | 1973-02-13 | 1974-08-29 | Schneider Gesenkschmiede | Metallisches formteil |
| DE2834282A1 (de) * | 1977-08-19 | 1979-02-22 | Voest Ag | Verfahren zur verbindung von aus manganhartstahlguss bestehenden herzstuecken mit aus kohlenstoffstahl bestehenden schienen |
| AT395122B (de) * | 1990-07-20 | 1992-09-25 | Voest Alpine Eisenbahnsysteme | Verfahren zur verbindung von aus manganhartstahlguss bestehenden weichenteilen bzw. manganstahlschienen mit einer schiene aus kohlenstoffstahl |
| EP1459833A1 (de) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-09-22 | voestalpine Schienen GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden der Stirnseiten von Teilen durch Reibschweissen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL1831468T3 (pl) | 2014-12-31 |
| BRPI0518966A2 (pt) | 2008-12-16 |
| JP2008522824A (ja) | 2008-07-03 |
| EP1831468A1 (de) | 2007-09-12 |
| RU2377354C2 (ru) | 2009-12-27 |
| EP1831468B1 (de) | 2014-07-16 |
| AT501239A1 (de) | 2006-07-15 |
| ES2515098T3 (es) | 2014-10-29 |
| AT501239B1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
| US20080093419A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| AU2005313823A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
| TW200618912A (en) | 2006-06-16 |
| ZA200705038B (en) | 2008-08-27 |
| TWI296952B (en) | 2008-05-21 |
| RU2007125974A (ru) | 2009-01-20 |
| KR20070087001A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
| BRPI0518966B1 (pt) | 2017-05-16 |
| WO2006060832A1 (de) | 2006-06-15 |
| NO20073518L (no) | 2007-07-09 |
| CN101072915B (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
| CA2593984A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
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