CN101069529A - Method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage - Google Patents
Method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101069529A CN101069529A CNA2007100244720A CN200710024472A CN101069529A CN 101069529 A CN101069529 A CN 101069529A CN A2007100244720 A CNA2007100244720 A CN A2007100244720A CN 200710024472 A CN200710024472 A CN 200710024472A CN 101069529 A CN101069529 A CN 101069529A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a non-chemical treatment method for controlling grain storage injurious insects, belonging to the field of grain storage processing technology. Said method includes the following two steps: firstly, adopting UV-ray irradiation treatment: adopting UV-ray whose wavelength is 265nm and power is 2X8W to irradiate grains for 20 min; then utilizing wingnut essential oil to make treatment: mixing 0.08% of wingnut essential oil with grains so as to attain the goal of controlling injurious insects.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage belongs to the Chinese ash essential oil and combines the method for handling grain storage pest control with ultraviolet, is exclusively used in the safety stock of grain.
Background technology
Grain storage pest is one of key factor that directly influences grain quality, and the cereal loss that the annual grain storage pest in the whole world is caused makes us pained.It is reported that grain is 5%-15% at storage period because of the loss that the harm of insect, mite class and mould causes, and does not introduce the country of modern grain storage technology at some, grain storage is lost up to 10%-40%.Chemical pesticide is long-term a large amount of to use the environmental pollutions that cause, pest resistance to insecticide and the uneasy congruent a series of problems of people and animals more and more are subjected to people's attention.
Because the long-term single use of medicaments such as hydrogen phosphide, malathion, make grain storage pest such as sitophilus zea-mais produce the serious resistance to the action of a drug to these medicaments.This just requires us to seek non-chemically, and Prevention Technique solves the problems referred to above, and the insecticide active substance that utilizes natural resources such as plant to extract, the characteristics that itself have poisoning, repellent, food refusal and grow and suppress to grain storage pest, not only can reduce the resistance to the action of a drug of insect, can reduce the residues of pesticides in the cereal simultaneously.Plants essential oil not only is widely used in aspects such as medicine, food, chemical industry as a kind of natural resources, and research in pesticide field and application are also increasing.Because plants essential oil has low toxicity, do not pollute grain and characteristics such as environment, the difficult generation of insect resistance, exploitation will become part important in the green grain storage project as grain protectant.Physical control comprises radiotechnologies such as laser and ultraviolet ray, the radiation Prevention Technique have desinsection thoroughly (comprising worm's ovum), less energy consumption, noresidue pollutant, keep the original quality of grain and handle after advantage such as can eat immediately and receive much attention, evidence has effect preferably preventing and treating grain storage pest.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
The object of the invention is to seek a kind of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling technology and reach the control grain storage pest at the serious resistance to the action of a drug problem of grain storage pests such as sitophilus zea-mais to the generation of medicaments such as hydrogen phosphide, malathion, guarantees the security of grain simultaneously.
Technical scheme
A kind of method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage is a kind of method in conjunction with physical control and biological control combination, handles two parts by ultraviolet irradiation processing and Chinese ash essential oil and forms.It is characterized in that: adopt earlier ultraviolet irradiation to handle, adopt the wavelength of 265nm, power 2 * 8W, irradiation 20min utilizes the Chinese ash essential oil to handle then, is to mix the grain processing at 0.08: 100 with the weight ratio of Chinese ash essential oil and grain storage.Radiation treatment can be finished in the grain storage transport process, and irradiation apparatus is arranged at the conveyer belt top, by transfer rate is set, reaches the requirement of exposure time.The Chinese ash method of extraction of essential oil is: gather fresh Chinese ash, 60 mesh sieves were pulverized in 45 ℃ of oven dry; Add absolute ethyl alcohol in 2: 5 ratios, fully extract 6h, be condensed into the essential oil that concentration is 12mg/mL 40 ℃ the time with Rotary Evaporators.
Beneficial effect
Advantage of the present invention is: control non-chemically becomes the new direction of grain storage pest controlling development gradually, utilize natural resources extraction plants essential oils such as plant, the characteristics that itself have poisoning, repellent, food refusal and grow and suppress, not only can reduce the resistance to the action of a drug of insect, can reduce the residues of pesticides in the cereal simultaneously.The physical treatment Prevention Technique have desinsection thoroughly (comprising worm's ovum), less energy consumption, noresidue pollutant, keep the original quality of grain and handle after advantage such as can eat immediately.
The inventive method can be used for the grain warehouse-in, handle when taking grain out of a granary to sun it, and the generation of control grain storage pest when also insect pest occurring during foodstuff preservation, is used to kill grain storage pest, guarantees stored grain safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 ultraviolet is handled the sitophilus zea-mais installation drawing
1, quartz burner 2, camera bellows 3, sample platform 4, ultraviolet light controller
Fig. 2 Chinese ash essential oil is to the repellent action of sitophilus zea-mais
Fig. 3 Chinese ash essential oil is to the fumigation action of sitophilus zea-mais
Fig. 4 different wave length, time ultraviolet are handled the corrected mortality of sitophilus zea-mais
Fig. 5 is in conjunction with the corrected mortality of handling sitophilus zea-mais
The specific embodiment
This example is research object with the sitophilus zea-mais, study respectively that the Chinese ash essential oil is handled, ultraviolet is handled the control action to sitophilus zea-mais, and determine that on this basis ultraviolet combines the control action of handling sitophilus zea-mais with the Chinese ash essential oil, result according to test, draw the optimal parameter that each is handled, to set up the concrete technological parameter of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage.
1 test method
1.1 the Chinese ash essential oil is handled
1.1.1 Chinese ash extracts essential oil
Gather fresh Chinese ash, 60 mesh sieves were pulverized in 45 ℃ of oven dry; Take by weighing the 60g powder, add the 150ml absolute ethyl alcohol, fully extract 6h, be condensed into the essential oil that concentration is 12mg/ml 40 ℃ the time with Rotary Evaporators.
1.1.2 the Chinese ash essential oil is to the repellent action of sitophilus zea-mais
The circular filter paper of diameter 9cm is cut into two halves, and half drips plants essential oil 1mL, makes the acetone volatilization under the room temperature; Second half equivalent absolute ethyl alcohol, after sending out in contrast.With two halves filter paper again and connect, fixing rearmounted with viscose paper with in the diameter culture dish, put glass ring on the filter paper again.3 repetitions are established in each processing.Insert 30 of corundum Sitophilusspp. imagos in every ware, put in the insectary, connect worm 24,48,72,96, respectively check the adult distribution situation behind the 120h 1 time, and calculate scattering ratio.
Scattering ratio (%)=(contrast limit examination borer population-processing limit examination borer population)/contrast limit examination borer population * 100%
According to the scattering ratio difference repellent effect is divided into six grades of 0-V [11]: grade scale (rank: scattering ratio) 0 grade: 0; I level: 0.1%-20%; II level: 20.1%-40%; III level: 40.1%-60%; IV level: 60.1%～80%; V level: 80.1%-100%.
1.1.3 the Chinese ash essential oil is to the fumigation action of sitophilus zea-mais
Adopt the airtight fumigating system of triangular flask to measure: the volatile oil of drawing 6ml with micropipettor drips respectively on the rectangle filter paper of 1 * 10cm, and be suspended on rapidly below triangular flask (250mL) bottleneck, the filter paper bar is apart from triangular flask bottom 2-3cm, cover bottleneck rapidly, every bottle is inserted 30 of corundum Sitophilusspp. imagos respectively, compare with blank filter paper, each is handled and repeats 3 times.Placing temperature is 28 ± 1 ℃, in the insectary of 75%RH, observes respectively at handling back 72h, and calculates the death rate and corrected mortality.Death standard: touch the adult afterbody to dial pin, feeler and the motionless person of foot are dead.
The total borer population in the death rate (%)=dead borer population * 100/
Corrected mortality (%)=(handling the death rate-contrast death rate) * 100/ (1-contrasts the death rate)
1.1.4 the Chinese ash essential oil is to the action of contace poison of sitophilus zea-mais
On the culture dish chassis of diameter 6cm, put into the identical circular filter paper of area, on filter paper, splash into plant extracts acetone (changing absolute ethyl alcohol into) dilution 2mL.Splash into the equivalent absolute ethyl alcohol at another filter paper with diameter, volatilization is done the back as blank.Place glass ring on filter paper medicine film, the lower end is coated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and is prevented to try worm and swash, and 3 repetitions are established in every processing.Every ware drops into 30 of corundum Sitophilusspp. imagos, puts in the insectary, respectively at 24,48,72, behind the 96h, checks the effect of tagging, and calculates the death rate and corrected mortality.
The total borer population in the death rate (%)=dead borer population * 100/
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processed group death rate-control group death rate) * 100/ (the 1-control group death rate).
1.2 ultraviolet is handled
Device with Fig. 1, utilize ultraviolet source (254nm, 2 * 8W and 365nm, 2 * 8W) handle, irradiation distance=20cm, and different wavelength is irradiation 20min and 30min respectively, observe the sitophilus zea-mais fatal rate, be contrast with processed group not simultaneously, every group is repeated 3 times, handles 30 sitophilus zea-maises at every turn and calculates the death rates and corrected mortality.
The total borer population in the death rate (%)=dead borer population * 100/
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processed group death rate-control group death rate) * 100/ (the 1-control group death rate).
1.3 ultraviolet combines processing with the Chinese ash essential oil
Result according to ultraviolet is handled carries out physics and biological in conjunction with handling to corundum Sitophilusspp. imago.Ultraviolet is handled according to difference analysis and is selected 254nm20min, with the device of Fig. 1,254nm, the uviol lamp of 2 * 8W, irradiation distance 20cm behind the irradiation 20min, is carried out the test of tagging of Chinese ash essential oil with trying the culture dish that insect changes diameter 6cm over to, step as
1.1.4, calculate the death rate and corrected mortality.
The total borer population in the death rate (%)=dead borer population * 100/
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processed group death rate-control group death rate) * 100/ (the 1-control group death rate).
1.4 data are handled
Adopt SAS8.2 software carry out the new multipole difference analysis of Duncan formula (Huang Yan, Wu Ping .SAS statistical analysis and application. China Machine Press, Beijing, 2006.).
2 results
2.1 the Chinese ash essential oil is handled the control action to sitophilus zea-mais
2.1.1 the Chinese ash essential oil is to the sitophilus zea-mais repellent action
As shown in Figure 2, fruit is stable during to the repellent action of sitophilus zea-mais for the Chinese ash essential oil, has reached the IV level: scattering ratio 60.1%～80%, the most obvious at test initial stage repellent action, 24h subsequently has a process that descends, and drops to the III level, and repellent action is along with the prolongation of time has increase trend then.
2.1.2 the Chinese ash essential oil is to the sitophilus zea-mais fumigation action
As shown in Figure 3, the Chinese ash essential oil has stronger fumigation action to corundum Sitophilusspp. imago, and corrected mortality reaches 86.7%, shows that the Chinese ash essential oil has control action preferably to the activity of sitophilus zea-mais.
2.1.3 the Chinese ash essential oil is to the sitophilus zea-mais action of contace poison
The Chinese ash essential oil has stronger action of contace poison to sitophilus zea-mais as shown in Table 1, and the effect of tagging strengthens along with the prolongation of time, and the death rate when 96h and corrected mortality have all reached 100%.
Three kinds of plant essential oils of table 1 are to the action of contace poison of sitophilus zea-mais
| Time | CK (contrast) | Chinese ash | |
| 24h 48h 72h 96h | The death rate (%) corrected mortality (%) death rate (%) corrected mortality (%) death rate (%) corrected mortality (%) death rate (%) corrected mortality (%) | 0.00±0.00 0.00±0.00 10.00±10.00 13.33±5.77 | 3.33±5.77 3.33 26.67±11.55 26.67 73.33±11.55 70.37 100.00±0.00 100 |
2.2 ultraviolet result
Different wave length, time ultraviolet irradiation are to the control method of sitophilus zea-mais, the result as shown in Figure 4,254nm20min processed group effect is best, corrected mortality at 96h, 120h reaches 53.20% and 81.03% respectively, organize three groups with CK group, 365nm20min group and 365nm30min and reach significant difference, not remarkable with 254nm20min group result difference, so wavelength is 254nm, irradiation 20min effect is better.
2.3 ultraviolet combines processing with the Chinese ash essential oil
The result as shown in Figure 5, since 48h, ultraviolet+Chinese ash processed group (is 254nm20min, behind the irradiation 20min, carry out tagging of Chinese ash essential oil) corrected mortality the highest, show the highest control, and with other each processed group significant differences, the corrected mortality of 96h, 120h has reached 100%.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage is handled two parts by ultraviolet irradiation processing and Chinese ash essential oil and is formed, it is characterized in that,
Adopt ultraviolet irradiation to handle earlier: to adopt the wavelength of 265nm, power 2 * 8W, irradiation 20min;
Utilize the Chinese ash essential oil to handle then: with the weight ratio of Chinese ash essential oil and grain storage is to mix the grain processing at 0.08: 100.
2, a kind of method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that radiation treatment is finished in the grain storage transport process, irradiation apparatus is arranged at the conveyer belt top, by transfer rate is set, reaches the requirement of exposure time.
3, a kind of method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the Chinese ash method of extraction of essential oil is: gather fresh Chinese ash, 60 mesh sieves were pulverized in 45 ℃ of oven dry; 2: 5 by volume ratios add absolute ethyl alcohol, extract 6h, are condensed into the essential oil that concentration is 12mg/mL 40 ℃ the time with Rotary Evaporators.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710024472A CN101069529B (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2007-06-19 | Method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200710024472A CN101069529B (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2007-06-19 | Method of non-chemical treatment for preventing and controlling insects of grain storage |
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| CN101069529A true CN101069529A (en) | 2007-11-14 |
| CN101069529B CN101069529B (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2460275C2 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-09-10 | Государственное научное учреждение "Северо-Кавказский научно-исследовательский институт горного и предгорного сельского хозяйства" Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук | Method of combat grain crops seed diseases, packed for storage |
| CN112450229A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-09 | 华南农业大学 | Plant essential oil type ultraviolet sterilization synergist and ultraviolet combined sterilization method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5607711A (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 1997-03-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method of controlling insects and mites with pulsed ultraviolet light |
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2007
- 2007-06-19 CN CN200710024472A patent/CN101069529B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2460275C2 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-09-10 | Государственное научное учреждение "Северо-Кавказский научно-исследовательский институт горного и предгорного сельского хозяйства" Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук | Method of combat grain crops seed diseases, packed for storage |
| CN112450229A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-09 | 华南农业大学 | Plant essential oil type ultraviolet sterilization synergist and ultraviolet combined sterilization method thereof |
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| CN101069529B (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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