CN101064942A - Dynamic channel allocation and spatial feature extraction and wave beam forming method - Google Patents
Dynamic channel allocation and spatial feature extraction and wave beam forming method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method of data transmission system dynamic channel distributing, feature space extracting and shaped beam, which includes: (1) base station distributes the ascending channels and descending channels for terminals via MAP signaling; (2) the terminals resolve the MAP signaling, and send the ascending signal to the base station; (3) the base station extracts the estimate of route and the space characteristic according to ascending signal; (4) the base station executes the beam shaping for descending and ascending signal according to space characteristics. The invention solves the puzzles that the system for distributing WiMAX channels is difficult to use the intelligent antenna, and said distributing mode for channels keeps the advantages of WiMAX channel distribution, such as short delay, and fits for multi-user dispatching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to channel allocation in a kind of wireless communication system, space characteristics extraction and beam form-endowing method, especially in the OFDM transmission system.
Background technology
All adopted intelligent antenna technology in SCDMA and TD-SCDMA system, the down beam shaping of SCDMA is the space characteristics that utilizes the upward signal of previous frame, and the down beam shaping of TD-SCDMA can utilize the space characteristics of the upward signal of this subframe.And in the burst transmission system (for example WiMAX), because the every frame of channel distributes, and the distribution of up-downgoing and asymmetric (distribute to user's down channel and do not distribute to its up channel simultaneously), the therefore very difficult wave beam forming that uses smart antenna in the system that is similar to the such channel allocation of WiMAX to mean.
The space characteristics of cdma system extracts and the wave beam forming Study on Technology compares thoroughly, and has used in a lot of systems, and such as SCDMA, TDS-CDMA system, but the space characteristics of ofdm system extracts and the wave beam forming technology is worth studying.
One of them is to be difficult to use smart antenna in the system that is similar to the WiMAX channel allocation for the shortcoming of prior art, therefore need make certain modification to method for channel allocation.The another one shortcoming is that existing aerial feature extraction and wave beam forming technology are not suitable for using in ofdm system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of data transmission system dynamic channel to distribute and space characteristics extraction and beam form-endowing method, be similar to the very difficult difficult problem of using smart antenna of system of WiMAX channel allocation with solution, and described method for channel allocation has kept the advantage of WiMAX channel allocation simultaneously again, such as postponing little, suitable multi-subscriber dispatching etc.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of data transmission system dynamic channel distribution method, one or more terminal distribution up-downgoing channel is given by the MAP broadcast signaling in the base station, preferably, the base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame at any time.
Preferably, the base station is that described frame and next frame distribute the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding, descending after.
Described data transmission system can be the OFDM tdma system, and described channel is specific time slot.
Described data transmission system can be the OFDMA system, and described channel is the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols.
The present invention also proposes space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system, comprising:
(1) base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame by the MAP broadcast signaling at any time;
Preferably, the base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame at any time.
Preferably, the base station is that described frame and next frame distribute the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding, descending after.
Described data transmission system can be the OFDM tdma system, and described channel is specific time slot.
Described data transmission system can be the OFDMA system, and described channel is the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols.
(2) behind the terminal parses MAP broadcast signaling, send upward signal to the base station;
Described upward signal should comprise the signal that is used for the space characteristics extraction.
The described signal that is used for the space characteristics extraction can be training sequence or pilot tone or user data.
(3) base station utilizes the upward signal of terminal to carry out channel estimating and space characteristics extraction.
Preferably, also comprise after the described channel estimating estimating that the channel value that obtains carries out the step of low-pass filtering.
Preferably, step (3) also comprises the step of going path to handle to the channel response of estimating.
It can be that the time domain space characteristics extracts that described space characteristics extracts, and also can be that the frequency domain space characteristics extracts.
The present invention also proposes the method for wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system, comprising:
(1) base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame by the MAP broadcast signaling at any time;
Preferably, the base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame at any time.
Preferably, the base station is that described frame and next frame distribute the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding, descending after.
Described data transmission system can be the OFDM tdma system, and described channel is specific time slot.
Described data transmission system can be the OFDMA system, and described channel is the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols.
(2) behind the terminal parses MAP broadcast signaling, send upward signal to the base station;
Described upward signal should comprise the signal that is used for the space characteristics extraction.
The described signal that is used for the space characteristics extraction can be training sequence or pilot tone or user data.
(3) base station utilizes the upward signal of terminal to carry out channel estimating and space characteristics extraction;
Preferably, also comprise after the described channel estimating estimating that the channel value that obtains carries out the step of low-pass filtering.
Preferably, step (3) also comprises the step of going path to handle to the channel response of estimating.
It can be that the time domain space characteristics extracts that described space characteristics extracts, and also can be that the frequency domain space characteristics extracts.
(4) base station utilizes described space characteristics that uplink and downlink signals is carried out wave beam forming.
Described uplink beam figuration or down beam shaping all can be finished at frequency domain.
Preferably, described descending wave beam forming is finished in time domain.
Described descending wave beam forming is finished in time domain, is specially: every postpones directly all to use independently space characteristics, adds to postpone, and each footpath is superimposed.
In the OFDMA system, the operating process of descending wave beam forming is: each user's information mapping is to the subcarrier of distributing to it, other user's subcarrier disposes 0, carry out fast adverse Fourier transform separately, the independent then time-domain signal to each user carries out down beam shaping, addition on every antenna behind the independent wave beam forming of each user's signal.
Preferably, described each footpath also needs when superimposed to guarantee the same superimposed of each footpath simultaneously, and each antenna satisfies high specific and merge, and each footpath also is that high specific merges.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 WiMAX channel allocation schematic diagram
Fig. 2 channel allocation schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 extracts the space characteristics schematic diagram
Fig. 4 time-domain wave beam shaping method schematic diagram
Time-domain wave beam figuration process schematic diagram in Fig. 5 OFDMA system
Embodiment
Specify the realization of the present invention in the OFDMA system below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The every frame up-downgoing that Figure 1 shows that the channel allocation mode of WiMAX: WiMax distributes respectively by UL_MAP and DL_MAP respectively, and descending preceding, up after, therefore be difficult to adopt intelligent antenna technology.
Figure 2 shows that method for channel allocation of the present invention: channel allocation mode of the present invention is a dynamic assignment, and distributes the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding descending after.MAP is the channel allocation indication information among the figure, be broadcast signaling, same MAP information is dispersed to two frames for the user indicates the up-downgoing channel, and up preceding descending after, the benefit of Fen Peiing is descendingly can utilize up space characteristics to carry out down beam shaping like this, has the abundant time to handle MAP information simultaneously.
In data transmission procedure, the down channel (channel refers to the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols in the OFDMA system) of a correspondence of up channel that a user distributes this frame simultaneously and next frame is given in the base station by the MAP broadcast signaling, behind the terminal parses MAP broadcast signaling, send upward signal (comprising the training sequence or pilot tone or the user data that are used for doing channel estimating at least), the base station utilizes user's upward signal to carry out channel estimating and space characteristics extracts, and utilizes this space characteristics to the descending wave beam forming that carries out then.It is long that up-downgoing is about field at interval.
Specifically describe the process that combined channel is estimated and space characteristics extracts below.
Figure 3 shows that and extract the space characteristics schematic diagram, every antenna receives after the upward signal, is FFT (fast fourier transform) or IDFT and extracts pilot tone later on, utilizes pilot frequency information to do frequency domain channel and estimates.Suppose to estimate that at frequency domain the channel that obtains is
To estimating that the channel value that obtains carries out low-pass filtering, the filtering partial noise is simultaneously in order to suppress the multipath interference better and to improve the accuracy of figuration and the complexity that reduces descending time domain figuration, the processing that should remove path to the channel response of estimating.Low-pass filtering and the specific implementation flow process of going path to operate are: earlier the frequency domain channel estimated value is IFFT, obtains time-domain pulse response
Low-pass filtering allows h exactly
l=0, when L (l＞), L is the maximum multipath time delay of channel, in ofdm system, generally getting L is the protection gap length of OFDM symbol.The specific operation process of removing path is: set a threshold value I, for example than the little 6db of power of maximum diameter, allow each h
lPower (| h
l|
2) and I relatively, power puts 0 less than the footpath of I, i.e. h
l=0, if (| h
l|
2＜I), power is retained more than or equal to the footpath of threshold value, and the time-domain pulse response behind low-pass filtering and the removal path is designated as
Can set different thresholdings when the space characteristics that is used for the wave beam forming of up-downgoing extracts, not do the processing of path when perhaps extracting the space characteristics that is used for the uplink beam figuration.
The time domain space characteristics directly utilizes amplitude and the phase extraction of each footpath at each antenna, and the amplitude of estimating at antenna k as footpath i is α
I, k, phase place is
I, k, then weighing vector is
α
i，ke
-ji，k
And the extraction of frequency domain space characteristics is earlier going the time-domain pulse response behind the path to transform to frequency domain,
Get each antenna at frequency domain
Average amplitude and phase extraction, estimate that as antenna k the average amplitude obtain is α
k, phase place is
k, then weighing vector is.α
ke
-jk
Up wave beam forming is finished at frequency domain, that is, each aerial signal multiply by addition after the respective weight factor, and wherein, antenna k goes up each subcarrier and multiply by weighted factor, α
I, ke
-j i, k
All subcarriers have identical space characteristics during the frequency domain figuration, and there is same figuration gain in each footpath.Can obtain by the average phase of getting each antenna at the frequency domain extraction space characteristics, all subcarriers utilize same space characteristics to carry out wave beam forming simultaneously.
Descending wave beam forming also can be finished at frequency domain, that is, each aerial signal multiply by the respective weight factor, and wherein, antenna k goes up each subcarrier and multiply by weighting α
I, ke
-j i, kThe factor,
For the OFDMA system, a plurality of users share an OFDM symbol, should carry out channel estimating, space characteristics extraction and wave beam forming separately to each user.
Fig. 4 time-domain wave beam shaping method schematic diagram
Time-domain wave beam figuration process schematic diagram in Fig. 5 OFDMA system
Therefore wave beam forming, can adopt following operating process in the OFDMA system at each user when time domain is carried out down beam shaping:
Each user's information mapping is to the subcarrier of distributing to it, other user's subcarrier disposes 0, carry out fast adverse Fourier transform (IFFT) separately, the independent then time-domain signal to each user carries out the time-domain wave beam figuration, addition on every antenna behind the independent wave beam forming of each user's signal.
Time-domain wave beam figuration process is: every postpones the footpath and all uses independently space characteristics (this space characteristics obtains according to the phase place of every footpath at each antenna), add and postpone, purpose is to postpone the emission earlier of big footpath in order to allow, thereby the signal in each path is almost arrived simultaneously.That is, the footpath amplitude estimated at antenna k of l is α
L, k, phase place is
L, k, then weighing vector is α
L, ke
-j l, k,
Add and postpone τ
l, delay can be definite like this: the delay that footpath l estimates is l*ts, and ts is the cycle of sampled point, and the delay that then descending time domain figuration adds is τ
l=-l*ts ,-l*ts represent l*ts emission in advance.Each footpath signal is through addition behind figuration, and the signal behind the antenna k figuration is,
S (t) is the signal before the figuration.Each footpath signal is superimposed, guarantees the same superimposed of each footpath simultaneously, and each antenna satisfies high specific and merge, and each footpath also is that high specific merges.
Only be for describing and describe purpose of the present invention, having provided the example of above OFDM and OFDMA system.But, be appreciated that method of the present invention also is applicable to other data transmission system (for example cdma system).Those of ordinary skills can make amendment to embodiment within the spirit and scope of the invention and not deviate from the present invention.
Claims (30)
1. the data transmission system dynamic channel method of distributing, one or more terminal distribution up-downgoing channel is given by the MAP broadcast signaling in the base station, it is characterized in that the base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame at any time.
2. the method that a kind of data transmission system dynamic channel as claimed in claim 1 is distributed is characterized in that the base station is that described frame and next frame distribute the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding, descending after.
3. as the method for claim 1 or 2 described a kind of data transmission system dynamic channel distribution, it is characterized in that described data transmission system can be the OFDM tdma system, described channel is specific time slot.
4. as the method for claim 1 or 2 described a kind of data transmission system dynamic channel distribution, it is characterized in that described data transmission system can be an OFDM A system, described channel is the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols.
5. space feature extracting methods in the data transmission system is characterized in that this method mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame by the MAP broadcast signaling at any time;
(2) behind the terminal parses MAP broadcast signaling, send upward signal to the base station;
(3) base station utilizes the upward signal of terminal to carry out channel estimating and space characteristics extraction.
6. space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described base station is that described frame and next frame distribute the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding, descending after.
7. space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described data transmission system can be the OFDM tdma system, and described channel is specific time slot.
8. space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described data transmission system can be an OFDM A system, and described channel is the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols.
9 as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, described upward signal should comprise and is used for the signal that space characteristics extracts.
10. as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 9, it is characterized in that, describedly be used for the signal that space characteristics extracts, can be training sequence or pilot tone or user data.
11. as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 5 or 6 or 10, it is characterized in that, channel estimation process is in the step (3): k root antenna receives after the upward signal, do the FFT conversion, in the frequency domain extraction pilot tone, utilize pilot frequency information to do frequency domain channel and estimate, estimate that the frequency domain channel that obtains is designated as
12. as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 11, it is characterized in that, also comprise after the described channel estimating of step (3) estimating that the channel value that obtains carries out the step of low-pass filtering, wherein, the low-pass filtering process is: earlier the frequency domain channel estimated value is IFFT, obtains time-domain pulse response
Make h
l=0, when L (l＞), L is the maximum multipath time delay of channel.
13., it is characterized in that step (3) also comprises the step of going path to handle to the channel response of estimating as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 11,
Described removal path is handled and comprised: set a threshold value I, power puts 0 less than the footpath of I, and power is retained more than or equal to the footpath of threshold value, and the time-domain pulse response behind the removal path is designated as
14. as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 13, it is characterized in that, it can be that the time domain space characteristics extracts that described space characteristics extracts, described time domain space characteristics extracts and directly utilizes amplitude and the phase extraction of each footpath at each antenna, and be specially: the amplitude that footpath i estimates at antenna k is α
I, k, phase place is
I, k, then weighing vector is: α
I, ke
-j i, k
15. as space feature extracting methods in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 13, it is characterized in that, it can be that the frequency domain space characteristics extracts that described space characteristics extracts, the extraction need elder generation handle of described frequency domain space characteristics goes the time-domain pulse response behind the path to transform to frequency domain
Get each antenna at frequency domain
Average amplitude and phase extraction, be specially: antenna k estimates that the average amplitude obtain is α
k, phase place is
k, then weighing vector is:
α
ke
-jk。
16. the method for wave beam forming is characterized in that in the data transmission system, may further comprise the steps:
(1) base station is one or more up channel of this frame of terminal distribution and one or more corresponding down channel of next frame by the MAP broadcast signaling at any time;
(2) after the terminal parses MAP broadcast signaling, send upward signal to the base station;
(3) base station utilizes the upward signal of terminal to carry out channel estimating and space characteristics extraction;
(4) base station utilizes described space characteristics that uplink and downlink signals is carried out wave beam forming.
17. the method for wave beam forming is characterized in that in a kind of data transmission system as claimed in claim 16, described base station is that described frame and next frame distribute the up-downgoing channel simultaneously, and up preceding, descending after.
18. the method for wave beam forming is characterized in that in a kind of data transmission system as claimed in claim 17, described data transmission system can be the OFDM tdma system, and described channel is specific time slot.
19. the method for wave beam forming is characterized in that in a kind of data transmission system as claimed in claim 17, described data transmission system can be an OFDM A system, and described channel is the parton carrier wave in several OFDM symbols.
20 methods as wave beam forming in claim 16 or 17 or the 18 or 19 described a kind of data transmission systems is characterized in that, described upward signal should comprise the signal that is used for the space characteristics extraction.
21. the method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 20 is characterized in that, describedly is used for the signal that space characteristics extracts, and can be training sequence or pilot tone or user data.
22. method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 21, it is characterized in that, channel estimation process is in the step (3): k root antenna receives after the upward signal, do the FFT conversion, in the frequency domain extraction pilot tone, utilize pilot frequency information to do frequency domain channel and estimate, estimate that the frequency domain channel that obtains is designated as
23. the method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 22 is characterized in that, also comprises after the described channel estimating of step (3) estimating that the channel value that obtains carries out the step of low-pass filtering,
Wherein, the low-pass filtering process is: earlier the frequency domain channel estimated value is IFFT, obtains time-domain pulse response
Make h
l=0, when L (l＞), L is the maximum multipath time delay of channel.
24. the method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 22 is characterized in that step (3) also comprises the step of going path to handle to the channel response of estimating,
Described removal path is handled and comprised: set a threshold value I, power puts 0 less than the footpath of I, and power is retained more than or equal to the footpath of threshold value, and the time-domain pulse response behind the removal path is designated as
25. method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 21 or 23 or 24, it is characterized in that, it is that the time domain space characteristics extracts that described space characteristics extracts, the extraction of time domain space characteristics, directly utilize amplitude and the phase extraction of each footpath at each antenna, be specially: the amplitude that footpath i estimates at antenna k is α
I, k, phase place is
I, k, then weighing vector is: α
I, ke
-j i, k
26. method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 21 or 23 or 24, it is characterized in that, it is that the frequency domain space characteristics extracts that described space characteristics extracts, the extraction of described frequency domain space characteristics, need elder generation handle goes the time-domain pulse response behind the path to transform to frequency domain
Get each antenna at frequency domain
Average amplitude and phase extraction, be specially: antenna k estimates that the average amplitude obtain is α
k, phase place is
k, then weighing vector is: α
ke
-j k
27. the method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 26 is characterized in that uplink beam figuration or down beam shaping all can be finished at frequency domain,
Described up wave beam forming is finished at frequency domain, is specially: each aerial signal multiply by addition after the respective weight factor, and wherein, the weighted factor on the antenna k is: α
ke
-j k,
Described descending wave beam forming is finished at frequency domain, is specially: each aerial signal multiply by the respective weight factor, and wherein, the weighted factor on the antenna k is: α
ke
-j k
28. method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 25, it is characterized in that, described down beam shaping is finished in time domain, be specially: every postpones the footpath and all uses independently space characteristics, add and postpone, each footpath is superimposed, and wherein, the amplitude that footpath l estimates at antenna k is α
L, k, phase place is
L, k, then weighing vector is: α
L, ke
-j l, k, add and postpone τ
l, definite method of delay: the delay that footpath l estimates is l*ts, and ts is the cycle of sampled point, and the delay that then descending time domain figuration adds is τ
l=-l*ts ,-l*ts represent l*ts emission in advance, and each footpath signal is through addition behind the figuration, and the signal behind the antenna k figuration is:
S (t) is the signal before the figuration.
29. method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in claim 25 or 28, it is characterized in that, in the OFDMA system, the operating process of descending wave beam forming is: each user's information mapping is to the subcarrier of distributing to it, other user's subcarrier disposes 0, carry out fast adverse Fourier transform separately, the independent then time-domain signal to each user carries out down beam shaping, addition on every antenna behind the independent wave beam forming of each user's signal.
30. the method as wave beam forming in a kind of data transmission system as described in the claim 29 is characterized in that, described each footpath also needs to guarantee the same superimposed of each footpath simultaneously when superimposed, and each antenna satisfies high specific and merge, and each footpath also is that high specific merges.
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