CN101061313A - Hydrodynamic drive train for energy converters that use ocean currents - Google Patents
Hydrodynamic drive train for energy converters that use ocean currents Download PDFInfo
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- CN101061313A CN101061313A CNA2005800398713A CN200580039871A CN101061313A CN 101061313 A CN101061313 A CN 101061313A CN A2005800398713 A CNA2005800398713 A CN A2005800398713A CN 200580039871 A CN200580039871 A CN 200580039871A CN 101061313 A CN101061313 A CN 101061313A
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- acquiring energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
- F16H47/06—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H47/08—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
- F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
- F16H61/48—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrodynamic
- F16H61/50—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrodynamic controlled by changing the flow, force, or reaction of the liquid in the working circuit, while maintaining a completely filled working circuit
- F16H61/52—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrodynamic controlled by changing the flow, force, or reaction of the liquid in the working circuit, while maintaining a completely filled working circuit by altering the position of blades
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and system that utilizes one or more cassettes or trays, which hold one or more types of medicaments, the cassettes or trays being configured for secure and intelligent dispensing of the medicaments. In one embodiment, a smart tray for dispensing medicaments includes: a housing; a chamber within the housing to store the medicament units; an outlet defined in the housing to dispense the medicament units; and a rotatable disk within the housing and defining at least one radial groove configured to hold at least one medicament unit, the rotatable disk being positioned between the storage chamber and the outlet whereby when the rotatable disk rotates, the at least one radial groove carries the at least one medicament unit from the chamber to the outlet. In a further embodiment, the smart tray includes a memory device within the housing to store information pertaining to the medicament units stored in the tray and/or information pertaining to the status or operation of the tray.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind ofly produce the device and the scheme thereof of electric energy by ocean current, the electric energy that is produced will be imported among the electrical network that has a constant frequency.
Ocean current can provide huge potential difference, utilizes this potential difference can produce electric energy, and does not have the problem of radiation in the energy production process.Such ocean current not only requires to have endurance, as Gulf of Mexico warm current, and requires to produce by morning and evening tides.For reaching the latter's requirement, it is very important selecting suitable place, and this place requires to have enough morning and evening tides intensity and special geographical environment, such as narrow fluid passage or special zone, bay, so that produce ocean current clearly.These specific conditions have been arranged, and the wave by the fluid generator of diving beneath the water could be utilized fully.These conditions can adopt artificial measures's (as building the inflow entrance wet pit) to be achieved, and by these measures, can utilize the kinetic energy in the wave fully.
By the water turbine that ocean current drives, its specialization is that its power can change in time and change.Such time fluctuation occurs in the tidal region equally.Such situation is very surprising, by the test at 10 meters fluid generator (such as in the warm current of the Gulf of Mexico) shows for submerged depth commonly used, such energy producing unit must change this in use in time and the power that changes is taken into account.The influence of weather, and the motion of consequent wave can make that all power changes.Another test result to turbulent flow in the ocean current shows, turbulent flow not only is present in the morning and evening tides, equally also be present in the lasting ocean current sample body, in the zone of 50 meters depth of waters, also can form especially, and we can choose such turbulent flow especially and come produce power.
Except the fluctuations of time, wanting from ocean current to produce can be for the kinetic energy that utilizes, and also must consider extremely correlated characteristic of flowing medium converts mechanical energy to from kinetic energy in water turbine dynamics.Therefore, one cover also is installed in the inlet rotating shaft is used for the system that detection power changes intrinsic characteristic, this system adopts and the corresponding quick running variable of optimized revolution/torque ratio for the specific flow velocity of ocean current, and this variable is relevant with the form of geometry and power receiving machine.
The power transfer characteristic is present in other the fluid machinery, as wind-driven generator equally.Fluid generator energy-producing mode from ocean current is different from wind generating unit, because the high density of fluid media will influence the torque of power receiving machine, and the microminiaturization of subsequent arrangement for acquiring energy such as transmission line and motor generator set or mechanical supporting structure is built.At this, for whole device hydraulically operated more perfect, transmission line and arrangement for acquiring energy motor require microminiaturized as much as possible the structure.When making every effort to reduce the construction size, the motor that uses in arrangement for acquiring energy will produce an obstacle, and the power receiving machine that is driven by ocean current can only have less revolution (in typical case, less than 20 rev/mins).If do not insert intermediate gearbox between water turbine and motor, the speed of circulation that motor reduces will cause increasing the structure size.
By the arrangement for acquiring energy that ocean current drives electric energy is imported in the electrical network of a constant frequency.Arrangement for acquiring energy (as water turbine) produces the variable revolution of power receiving machine, and this just requires to adopt the variable motor of revolution, also needs to adopt the frequency-variable electronic device before the input electrical network.Therefore, can adopt the motor that has rated frequency or adopt frequency compensated mode to produce required mains frequency.These addition also have some difficulties at present, because fluid generator power transfer characteristic only depends on frequency variator also to be not enough to meet the demands.Usually need to adopt higher relatively cost, must reach suitable network input quality, particularly produce harmonic load and wattless power.
In another kind of alternative mode,, make that the revolution of power receiving machine is constant by setting to water turbine turbine blade angle, so just can be so that keep constant by power receiving machine drive electric motor revolution.This revolution constant energy generating apparatus can adopt based on the asynchronous motor of restricted revolutional slip, inserts one with simple structure and mode and connects electrical network.Gou Zao shortcoming is like this, fixes the receiving machine revolution by the turbine blade setting, will reduce the income of energy, that is to say, receiving machine can not produce maximum energy from ocean current.
The present invention has described a device that produces electric energy from ocean current in order to solve such problem, and the operating process of the shortcoming of being described before corresponding the minimizing.An energy like this generates equipment can just take variable revolution when the power receiving machine in the partial load zone, and motor adopts under the situation of constant revolution simultaneously, carries out work.Further, arrangement for acquiring energy is wanted to adapt in other working environment to move.Power receiving machine revolution is adjusted to a upper limit, and with the generation of minimizing cavitation effect, and the protection shoal of fish is not subjected to the injury of harmful circulation revolution.In the constant power district of revolution, should reduce collision, and carry out short time energy storage buffering, utilized in the hope of load pulse and power peak.Further, arrangement for acquiring energy is zone or in particular job zone at full capacity, as interrupting and load when reducing reaction, realizes the adjustment of moment.
In order to solve this task, the inventor think need accomplish following some.At first, in order to build the motor littler than water turbine, the water turbine that is driven by ocean current must be connected with the motor of fast turn-around by a drive unit.In addition, according to designing requirement, being connected by means of a transmission line that comprises fluid dynamics device between water turbine and the motor realizes.Fluid dynamics device is used to carry out the revolution conversion on the one hand, is used to realize the revolution indeterminedness of water turbine when the motor revolution is constant on the other hand.These can exert an influence by the control gear and the rule of hydrokinetics assembly in the fluid dynamics device, and special preference makes up fluid dynamics device as a power dividing device.
In a design that has superiority, the chain that adheres to specification comprises an overlapping device, and as a planetary type gear transmission unit, this device is divided into an one-level branch and at least one secondary branch with power.In one-level branch, adopt the axis drive motor of a Rapid Cycle.Secondary branch and one-level branch are by a hydrokinetics assembly, and as the hydrokinetics transducer, hydrokinetics clutch or hydraulic pitch device have the connection of indirect effect.The control gear and the secondary branch of the power circuit by the hydrokinetics assembly of flowing through can guarantee that motor keeps constant revolution when power receiving machine revolution is indefinite, and extract maximum energy from ocean current.
When water turbine started, motor at first accelerated to the standard revolution, and and synchronized.Under normal conditions, mains frequency will exert an influence to motor, and one-level branched power number of poles is relevant with the standard revolution.A typical motor speed is 1500 rev/mins, so will use a kind of motor of microminiaturization.In addition, when the rotating shaft of one-level branched power ran up, being used to of linking to each other with one-level branch distributed the hydrokinetics assembly of secondary branch effectively to work.Power circuit between one-level and secondary power branch by the adjustment or the conciliation of hydrokinetics assembly, makes water turbine produce optimized revolution when power dividing.
A hydrokinetics position transducer will be used for the connection one-level and the secondary branch of success as the hydrokinetics assembly.Revolution-power ratio and revolution-torque ratio that the characteristic of power receiving machine is relevant with the transducer characteristic are corresponding.The transmission line that has position transducer should so arrange, with convenient motor circulation revolution constant the time, the water turbine function that the fixed position of position transducer upper saw pulley is determined produces and makes the revolution of power optimized.
Therefore, in the power dividing transmission line of the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification in the transducer of use position, say accurately that at the revolution that the water turbine revolution is set it not is necessary not regulating when reaching optimized power.
In order to reduce the cavitation cavitation that pore produces, water turbine can not surpass its maximum revolution.In addition, when the revolution of water turbine is increasing, also can work the mischief to marine organisms.From a specific revolution boundary, this boundary is relevant, also relevant with the direction and the flow velocity of fluid with size with the form of water turbine.Therefore to select corresponding arrangement for acquiring energy form and corresponding work mode, so that water turbine is worked under a conditional speed of circulation.According to the kind of layout, these two kinds of factors are determined according to the water turbine revolution upper limit of arrangement for acquiring energy.
For the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification, water turbine reaches the qualification revolution by means of the assembly in the fluid dynamics device, as uses a position transducer and the power transmission circuit of the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification has measure of a power dividing or the like.Can influence power from of the transmission of one-level branch by the layout that changes the position transducer upper saw pulley to secondary branch.In a word, the position of upper saw pulley will determine whether the water turbine acc power reaches optimization.
Turbo machine reaches the restriction revolution in best consumed power, that is to say, the parabola of consumed power has a summit restriction.Inlet is variable power the time, and when just surpassing power-limiting, it is necessary that the water turbine revolution does not keep constant, the assembly in so just can regulated fluid dynamics device.Need to adopt necessary sensor to survey the turbo machine revolution or come control flows body dynamics assembly by experienced professional workforce.
A special advantage of the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification is, it has a fluid dynamics device, this fluid dynamics device is used for water turbine revolution fluctuation controlled and can suppress changing and fast-changing load fluctuation in time, and the energy that is produced can be at short notice with the turbo machine acceleration and as short time energy accumulator use.Such characteristic can obtain by the adjustment of hydrokinetics module position on particular job point.Around this operation point, the water turbine revolution is in specific revolution fluctuation in intermittence.Wave range generally maintains ± and 10%, preferentially select to maintain ± 5%, preferably maintain ± 3%.
Because the influence of turbulent flow, on water turbine, can produce a load pulse, make revolution in scope as can be known, increase, therefore whole system will be affected because of the secondary power of a short-term, one to come this be in order to utilize this secondary power, and two come also in order to reduce the load pulse and not absorbed by mechanical structure.Do for the moment pulse that reduces in the drive link highly beneficial like this.
The partial load zone links to each other with the full and down zone, and in the partial load zone, the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification reaches best power along parabola, and by a specific revolution restriction revolution is limited.So just can be so that power interface receipts machine reaches maximum moment.Under this moment restriction, water turbine begins to carry out the moment adjustment.Meanwhile, for the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification, also will use additional element on the next door of hydrokinetics module position, these elements are used for limiting the power that turbo machine is accepted.In the design example that has superiority, change the restriction that realizes for power by water turbine gear angle, but such mode can cause the reaction time slow excessively, need remedy by being provided with of hydrokinetics assembly, when adopting the hydrokinetics assembly, the short term power restricted passage of motor is provided with to adjust to take turns and realizes.So just can be so that the position transducer that system can be provided with is at short notice fast adjusted water turbine gear angle.
Replace the hydrokinetics assembly to use with the hydrokinetics clutch, can realize the non-automatic adjusting of water turbine power optimized.Being provided with of hydrokinetics clutch must be effectively, makes to reach optimization at partial load zone turbo machine revolution according to parabola.Replace the advantage of position transducer to be that the power benefit of power transmission circuit can get a promotion especially under full-load conditions with the hydrokinetics clutch.Also can select to adopt a hydraulic pitch device as the hydrokinetics assembly, it can provide corresponding benefit in a certain power zone, and comparing with the hydrokinetics position transducer also has its corresponding advantage.
The present invention is described in detail by following picture:
The sketch of the arrangement for acquiring energy that Fig. 1 adheres to specification;
Fig. 2 has the firsts and seconds power dividing, the layout of the transmission line of arrangement for acquiring energy;
Revolution/torque coordinate system is adopted in 3 working zones of the arrangement for acquiring energy that Fig. 3 adheres to specification;
Fig. 4 is in the partial load zone, and when use a hydrokinetics position transducer in transmission line after, revolution is for the automatic conciliation influence that realizes power optimized;
Fig. 5 in Fig. 3 in the transition region between the single working zone, the setting of the upper saw pulley of hydrokinetics position transducer;
The energy storage of Fig. 6 short time and the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification make load reduce because of bump in the revolution occlusion areas;
Fig. 7 has described the control aspect of 3 kinds of arrangement for acquiring energy that adhere to specification with sketch.
Fig. 1 with the sketch formal description arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification.Motor 11 and electrical network 60 couplings, and by means of water turbine 3 drivings, water turbine 3 can be controlled by the professional person, turbo machine can be selected double-vane or multiple wing propeller cavitation structure.Further, can around water turbine, reserve in order to protect or to guide the additional structure of fluid.According to designing requirement, between water turbine 3 and motor 11, use a Hydrodynamic drive train 1.Transmission line 1 is to comprise an one-level branch 7 and at least one secondary branch 18, is used for the device of power dividing.In the power dividing of active surface, can adopt a power dividing device, such as a planetary type gear transmission unit.On the driven surface of power dividing device 5,, one-level branch 7 and secondary branch 18 are interconnected, make the motor 11 of water turbine 3 can become different speed of circulation from constant speed of circulation by means of the hydrokinetics assembly of distributing to secondary branch.
Arrangement for acquiring energy can further adopt the assembly after the optimization to form.Additional device is connected in before and after the Hydrodynamic drive train.In Fig. 1, the gear stage 4 that makes up as planetary gear system is used for the water turbine revolution is carried out changing the first time.Further, between Hydrodynamic drive train 1 and motor 11, there is a transmission component 50, comprises a coupling and/or a braking device.Between fitting device 4 and Hydrodynamic drive train 1, also such element can be set.
The supporting structure of arrangement for acquiring energy is not described in Fig. 1.In a design example, the assembly described in Fig. 1 is as fundamental structural unit and superscribe the shell of a waterproof, makes whole base unit to dive beneath the water.Whole base unit both can adopt supporting structure work also can slip into optimum depth to obtain energy.
Fig. 2 has shown the structure of the Hydrodynamic drive train of the energy production device that adheres to specification.Inlet rotating shaft 2 is connected with water turbine 3.The device 4 that has constant transformer ratio is settled between rotor 3 and inlet rotating shaft 2.In the design example of being described, the power dividing device 5 of transmission line 1 adopts planetary gear system, and inlet rotating shaft 2 links to each other with planetary gear carrier 6.Power dividing device 5 has two branched powers, and first branched power 7 will import the outlet rotating shaft 10 of transmission line by the power of planetary gear system central gear 9.Outlet rotating shaft 10 drive motors 11 also effectively are connected with the pump impeller 13 of hydrokinetics position transducer 12.In hydrokinetics position transducer 12, use a upper saw pulley that has the position blade as reaction constituent elements 15, so just make power circuit arrive turbine bucket 14.Produce a power by turbine bucket 14 and reflux, reflux, influence the foreign steamer 17 of power dividing device 5 by a fixing planetary gear system 16, and transformer ratio.The power that comes to this that the secondary branch 18 of power dividing device is described refluxes.
The arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification has three different working zones, has drawn in Fig. 3 in these three zones.Relied on the revolution decision of water turbine by the water turbine power absorbed.
The region representation energy production device of representing with I is in the partial load regional work, this zone since a specified rotation number up to a specified rotation number restriction D
MaxFinish.In Fig. 3, described the calibration curve of a working zone I, marked and made the revolution of water turbine 3 power optimized.Specific power is relevant with the optimum revolution of water turbine 3.When water turbine 3 revolutions less than or during greater than optimum revolution, arrangement for acquiring energy just can't reach the optimal power of ocean current.
In the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification, use a motor 11 that has constant and quick revolution.The revolution of synchronous machine is guaranteed by the electrical network that is attached thereto.In the time of the motor line sex work, same situation also is applicable to asynchronous machines.The constant revolution of motor 11 realizes with effective connection of 18 of branched powers by the branched power 7 of transmission line 1, that is to say to make the revolution of transmission line inlet revolution and water turbine 3 to reach after power circuit is regulated by the hydrokinetics assembly and the revolution when keeping best power.
At working zone I, when obtaining best power under the partial load condition, the kinetic energy of ocean current is accepted by the power receiving machine of the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification, and arrives the load region of full constant revolution along power parabola.Usually when such working state, from certain power, revolution can surpass revolution upper limit D
Max, and the hole produces and the reason of the protection shoal of fish in order to reduce, and must be noted that the revolution upper limit.From revolution upper limit D
MaxBegin to enter working zone II from working zone I, the revolution of water turbine keeps constant in this zone.
The state of transmission line 1 transition stage between two working zones that has hydrokinetics position transducer 12 has been described among Fig. 5.In the I of working zone, the random setting of upper saw pulley can reach the revolution of best power by automatic control, at this moment generally adopts the distance work of 25% regulation and control.From working zone I and have the transition region between the working zone II of revolution restriction, the upper saw pulley of hydrokinetics position transducer 12 is set according to the power of water turbine 3, so that it is constant that the turbo machine revolution is kept, only change moment and power that turbo machine 3 absorbs.In the II of working zone, adopt a specific revolution to move towards curve and replace the revolution upper limit, preference is selected the curve that moves towards of steeper.The characteristic of working zone II is, needn't consider the revolution of power optimized.
In Fig. 5, also described one by the transition region of restriction revolution working area II to restraining moment working area III.Constant revolution produces the control that wind turbine 3 limits moment.In order to reduce water turbine 3 the increasing of unnecessary power in the III of working zone, use additional measure, such as the leaf position that changes water turbine 3 or the setting of guiding device, limit for power, so that reduce the moment restriction of rising and causing owing to revolution by water turbine 3.When power among the III of working zone rises, should note controlling the leaf position of water turbine 3, at first change the upper saw pulley position of hydrokinetics position transducer 12, so that avoid moment pulse and the moment lifts of short-term by transmission line.Moment pulse and moment lifts all can make the water turbine revolution raise, but these can limit by the blade setting of water turbine 3.This restriction is not described in Fig. 5.
What Fig. 6 described can not be row setting, the standard revolution that water turbine 3 reaches by hydrokinetics position transducer 12 on the specified rotation number restricted area of working zone II.The upper saw pulley position (H=25%-100% command range) that described curve representation is different.Formerly under the state of Miao Shuing, hydrokinetics position transducer upper saw pulley position is at the H=25% place.Can significantly find out from Fig. 6, not become row to be provided with by hydrokinetics position transducer 12 and can select different operation points, so just can regulate the revolution of water turbine 3.Under the simplest situation, the revolution of water turbine 3 limits, and desired revolution is along a curve setting, and this curve is described according to the moment that absorbs by water turbine 3.Therefore, the softness of transmission line must the boundary when meeting work be determined.
Do not become to be listed as to be provided with the power absorption characteristic parabola that the operation point that is created among the II of working area is depicted process Versatile speed once more by the hydrokinetics position transducer.This state is explained in Fig. 6.Being provided with of particular job point must be slowly, the zone that is accurate to second in other words or divides, and relevant with flow velocity.The fluctuation that the worker organizes a little is a short-term and continuous, and is each all by the system performance of transmission line, uses hydrokinetics transducer 12 to regulate automatically and is able to balance.Fluctuating range in the operation point can not surpass desired revolution ± 30%, be preferably in ± 10%, expect especially to maintain ± 5%.
Except described working zone I-III, also have other working state, start and state during shutdown such as arrangement for acquiring energy, the synchronizing of motor, the load unloading, emergency braking or special working state are such as test run etc.In order to realize different operating zone and working state, the arrangement for acquiring energy that adheres to specification adopts three regulation and control face structures to adjust for whole device.This describes in Fig. 7.First chain of command is exactly an arrangement for acquiring energy itself.Here, for self-regulating needs, the transmission line of arrangement for acquiring energy adopts the hydrokinetics position transducer as the hydrokinetics assembly.The hydrokinetics assembly also can be selected hydrokinetics clutch or hydraulic pitch device for use according to the benefit reason simultaneously.When not adopting position transducer, the automatic control of internal system must replace with the rotating speed control of an active.First chain of command and second chain of command are overlapped, and second chain of command is used to control the position of impeller, hydrokinetics assembly, and motor power (output).At this level, for each control the ratio of a rating value and actual value is arranged all, its numerical value will be used for corresponding position signal.
According to designing requirement, the control on second chain of command is not that each all is used for all working zones or working state.The ACTIVE CONTROL of regulator or independent transfer that graduate switching will influence by the 3rd chain of command between the machine at two.Regulator not only selects to regulate size according to working state or working zone, and can be provided with at the blade upper saw pulley of identical size, uses different regulators or different regulator settings.Control characteristic and governing speed can adapt to for each special situation like this.Further, the setting of controller rating value or selection operation point is preferentially carried out by the 3rd chain of command.
Claims (15)
1. the arrangement for acquiring energy by ocean current generation electric energy is characterised in that, comprising:
1.1 transmission line (1) that has inlet rotating shaft (2) and outlet rotating shaft (10);
1.2 inlet rotating shaft (2) drives by means of a water turbine (3);
1.3 outlet rotating shaft (10) drives a motor (11) that links to each other with electrical network (60), the frequency of electrical network (60) is constant;
1.4 transmission line (1) comprises a power dividing device (5) that has one-level branch (7) and secondary branch (18);
1.5 one-level branched power (7) and secondary power branch (18) interconnect by a power dividing device (5) and a hydrokinetics assembly (12).
2. arrangement for acquiring energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hydrokinetics assembly (12) is a hydrokinetics position transducer, or a hydrokinetics clutch, or a fluid torque converter.
3. according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy in one of claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that described hydrokinetics assembly (12) is arranged on the driven surface of power dividing device (5).
4. according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that described hydrokinetics assembly (12) links to each other with the live axle of motor (11).
5. according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described motor (11) is the motor of a fast turn-around.
6. according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, between water turbine (3) and inlet rotating shaft (2), be provided with a transmission device (4).
7. according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, in one-level branched power (7) and/or secondary power branch (18), reserved additional state device (16).
8. according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described water turbine (3), transmission line (1) and motor (11) are built as same assembly, and this assembly can be sunken in the water.
9. according to the working method of the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that the turbo machine of arrangement for acquiring energy (3) produces optimized revolution in the partial load zone.
10. according to the working method of the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that the water turbine rotating speed reaches a revolution restriction D according to calibration curve
Max
11. the working method of arrangement for acquiring energy according to claim 9 is characterized in that, it is constant that revolution keeps substantially.
12. the working method according to one of claim 1 or 10 described arrangement for acquiring energy is characterized in that, arrangement for acquiring energy is when load pulse, and the revolution intermittence is variable.
13. the working method according to the described arrangement for acquiring energy of one of claim 1 to 10 is characterized in that, when the moment of water turbine (3) is higher than maximum moment, by the moment that is provided with restrictions motor (11) of hydrokinetics assembly (12).
14. the working method of arrangement for acquiring energy according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the maximum moment of water turbine (3) is limited by water turbine (3) power absorbed from ocean current.
15. the working method of arrangement for acquiring energy according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the qualification of power can be by carrying out for the setting of water turbine (3) blade and/or being provided with of guiding device (15) relevant with turbo machine (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004058258A DE102004058258A1 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Apparatus and method for generating electrical energy from a sea current |
| DE102004058258.0 | 2004-12-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101061313A true CN101061313A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800398713A Pending CN101061313A (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2005-11-30 | Hydrodynamic drive train for energy converters that use ocean currents |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080101865A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1817497A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20070085927A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101061313A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102004058258A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006058725A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103307248A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-18 | 重庆大学 | Reverse-flow type hydrodynamic mechanical automatic variable transmission device |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007020615A1 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-06 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Powertrain for a diving power generation plant |
| DE102008011261A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Honeycomb body with flexible joints |
| US8007231B2 (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2011-08-30 | Dennis Gray | Flowing water energy device |
| US7948108B2 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2011-05-24 | Ignacio Peralta | Systems and methods for converting marine currents into electrical energy |
| ES2395067B1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-10-31 | Demetrio FERNÁNDEZ LÓPEZ | MULTIPLIER DEVICE FOR MOTOR TORQUE FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY. |
| DE102014213295A1 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Hydrodynamic converter and adjusting device for such a converter |
| CN103644279B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-12-09 | 重庆望江工业有限公司 | A kind of constant speed output gear case for wind power generating set |
| CN103939263B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-04-13 | 南通大学 | Screw type Permanent-magnet bearing fault-tolerant architecture ocean current power generation unit |
| DE102018009534B4 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2024-04-04 | Pepperl+Fuchs Se | Clamping device with inductive query unit |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4321755B4 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2006-07-27 | Harald Von Hacht | Vegetative drive conception with the aid of a stepless servo-mechanical transmission |
| DE10314757B3 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-11-11 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | Powertrain to transmit variable power |
-
2004
- 2004-12-03 DE DE102004058258A patent/DE102004058258A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-11-30 KR KR1020077012957A patent/KR20070085927A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-11-30 CN CNA2005800398713A patent/CN101061313A/en active Pending
- 2005-11-30 WO PCT/EP2005/012777 patent/WO2006058725A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-11-30 EP EP05811336A patent/EP1817497A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-30 US US11/720,564 patent/US20080101865A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103307248A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-18 | 重庆大学 | Reverse-flow type hydrodynamic mechanical automatic variable transmission device |
| CN103307248B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-11-25 | 重庆大学 | Reverse-flow type hydrodynamic mechanical automatic variable transmission device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006058725A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
| DE102004058258A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
| KR20070085927A (en) | 2007-08-27 |
| US20080101865A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
| EP1817497A1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
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