CN101057591A - Application of pyrethroids pesticide degradation bacterium in improving crops quality - Google Patents
Application of pyrethroids pesticide degradation bacterium in improving crops quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN101057591A CN101057591A CN 200710022920 CN200710022920A CN101057591A CN 101057591 A CN101057591 A CN 101057591A CN 200710022920 CN200710022920 CN 200710022920 CN 200710022920 A CN200710022920 A CN 200710022920A CN 101057591 A CN101057591 A CN 101057591A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the application of pesticide residue degradation bacteria of pyrethroid on modifying the crop quality, belonging to microbiological fertilizer field. It takes the pesticide residue degradation bacteria strain LFJS3-9 as bacteria for production, dilutes it for 15-20 times according to consumption of 30-75kg / hectare, and sprays on crop surface or to soil in a sunny day. It is usually used after the last pesticide utilization, and the effect would be better if used many times or during crop best growing period. It is determined that said bacteria contains many kinds of nutritional components. The invention is characterized by low cost for production and utilization, dramatic crop quality modification, suitability for farm product production and processing in modern agricultural production, and the utilization can be widely spread on industrial crop such as tea and vegetable and cereal crop such as rice.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the application of degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium in improving crops quality, belong to the microbial manure field, be to utilize method of microorganism, improve the soil and improve the quality of crops, be applicable to modern agriculture produce in the production and the processing of high quality agricultural products.
Two, technical background
The history that the agricultural of China has been passed by surplus in the of 5000 year.In the tradition, peasant's plant husbandry and animal husbandry are combined closely, and keep soil nutrient balance by application of organic fertilizers, have followed the natural moving law of ecosystem process, have guaranteed sustainable development of agriculture.But since the 1950's, the use that growing population presses for new agricultural technologies such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals input and new varieties improvement satisfies the demands to produce more food, and this has promoted the development of intensive agriculture.Over surplus past 50 year, the chemical fertilizer application total amount of China is increased to 4,412 ten thousand tons in 2003 from 0.6 ten thousand tons (pure nutrients) in 1949, and the applying quantity of chemical fertilizer of unit are is from the 0.75kghm of nineteen fifty-two
-2339.3kghm by 2003
-2, some developed areas even near 700kghm
-2In addition, 132. ten thousand tons of (10.2kghm of agricultural chemicals usage amount in 2003
-2), cropping index 118.9 (subtropical zone 140～200).By the input of these agricultural chemicals and the improvement of agriculture production technology level, promoted the raising of grain yield greatly just.Roughly, chemical fertilizer accounts for about 50% in the effect that improves on the grain yield.Integrate and see, high investment and high strength utilization are the topmost characteristics of China's intensive agriculture activity in production.At present, total consumption of China's chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals occupies first of the world, and the unit are consumption is respectively 3 times and 2 times of world average level.From the national conditions of China, in following a period of time, for ensureing food security, the input of the high strength utilization of soil and a large amount of agricultural chemicals is still inevitable.
But, the modern agriculture that with the intensive utilization is feature when having obtained great achievement, the resource environment problem that it brought and the potential threat of human survival also manifested day by day.Studies show that in a large number the intensive agriculture pattern externally drops into down has higher productive potential, but ecosystem composition is single, system productivity and stable continuing need great cost just can keep.Along with the increase nutrient yield-increasing efficiency of applying quantity of chemical fertilizer obviously descends, the grain yield of every kilogram of chemical fertilizer application volume increase drops to 8～10kg at the beginning of 21 century from 50～60kg of the 1950's.Particularly the developed area intensive agriculture utilizes the degree height, and it is quite serious to use for a long time available nutrient excess accumulation and nutrient imbalance phenomenon that chemical fertilizer causes in a large number, and this situation will continue; A large amount of agricultural chemicals, weed killer herbicides of using make also that the residual quantity of these chemicals increases day by day in the agricultural land soil.All these intensive agriculture activities in production have all produced strong interference and huge pressure to soil ecosystem itself, and resource environment has been constituted serious threat.The arable land degenerate problem is serious day by day, and crops quality descends, and has had a strong impact on increasing peasant income.
The microbe soil improving technology is with fertilizer and impel the micropopulation mixture of soil nutrient rapid release to impose in the soil.Microorganism can be decomposed organic matter fast and efficiently and be quickened self growth and breeding in soil, the ammoniacal nitrogen that plant can absorb is fixed and be converted into to airborne molecular nitrogen, simultaneously P insoluble in the soil, K are decomposed into the element of solubility, thereby be easy to improve the soil with this into the plant absorbing utilization; In addition, behind crop harvesting, directly effective microbe colony is sprayed on stubble, face of land stubble is up and down decomposed rapidly, with and reach and increase soil fertility, the structure of improving the soil, fully keep and utilize the purpose of soil moisture.
Crop can also absorb nutrition by cauline leaf part (especially blade) except that root system.To absorb the phenomenon of nutrition be exactly the exoroot nutrition of crop to this non-root system during plant growth, is called foliage fertilization, generally alleged foliar application just to the measure of the trophosome surface applied fertilizer except that crop root.Foliar application has following characteristics: avoid nutrient fixing or conversion in soil, directly supply with crop and absorb; Nutriment absorbs fast, and fertilizer efficiency is good; With strong points; Improve utilization rate of fertilizer; The deficiency that additional root absorbs nutrient component etc.
Because action of microorganisms contains multiple organic nutrition composition and elements such as Mg, Ca such as amino acid, vitamin as in the microbial inoculum of microbial manure, they exist with the form of complex compound, and these materials have facilitation preferably for the growth of crops.Some researchs and reagent are used and are shown that microbial inoculum is directly made foliage-spray, and nutrient component can be absorbed by crop rapidly, keeps the nutrient balance of plant corpus, can improve crop yield and improvement crop quality.
Bacterial strain LFJS3-9 is a strain pyrethroids pesticide degradation bacterium, and the microbial inoculum of this bacterial strain and production thereof is applied for a patent, and application (patent) number is 200510022548.7, publication number: CN1800354; Open day: 2006.07.12.Be preserved in Chinese microorganism strain on October 12nd, 2005 and preserve administration committee common micro-organisms center, culture presevation number is CGMCC NO.1477.This patent provides a kind of pyrethroid pesticide remained degradation bacteria and degradation bacterial agent eliminated, and bacterial strain uses therefor is LFJS3-9, pseudomonas (Pseudomonas sp.).Degradation bacteria zymotic fluid (10
10Cfuml
-1) showing in the small plot experiment in tea place: after degradation bacteria is used 5 days, being 85.16% to the degradation rate of Biphenthrin, to the degradation rate 87.01% of cypermethrin, is 87.79% to the degradation rate of decis.The application aspect the improvement crops quality of above-mentioned patent degradation bacteria and degradation bacterial agent is not disclosed in the prior art.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that improves crops quality, is to utilize method of microorganism, improves the soil, and improves the multiple nutritional components content in tealeaves, paddy rice, the vegetables, thereby improves the quality of crops.Be applicable to the production and the processing of high quality agricultural products in the modern agriculture production.
Technical scheme
The application of degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium aspect the improvement crops quality, the microbial inoculum that use is produced as bacterial classification with degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacteria strain LFJS3-9, on crops, use, directly spray crop surface, consumption according to the 30-75 kg/ha, after 15-20 times of the dilution, select fine afternoon, evenly be sprayed in crop plant surface or the soil.Generally after using agricultural chemicals for the last time, crop uses.Using method is preceding 7 to 14 days of each results on tealeaves and the vegetables, sprays once on the plant surface; Using method is behind booting stage and last pesticide application on the paddy rice, respectively sprays once on the plant surface.
Beneficial effect
Measure through research, contain multiple nutritional components (table 1) in the degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacteria agent:
1) each amino acid: aspartic acid 0.206mgml
-1, threonine 0.102mgml
-1, serine 0.110mgml
-1, glutamic acid 0.467mgml
-1, alanine 0.120mgml
-1, valine 0.162mgml
-1, proline 0.180mgml
-1, isoleucine 0.113mgml
-1, leucine 0.208mgml
-1, phenyl alanine 0.138mgml
-1, lysine 0.184mgml
-1, arginine 0.105mgml
-1Deng, the amino acid summation is 2.356mgml
-1
2) various mineral salt: (NH
4)
2SO
41%, K
2HPO
40.2%, MgSO
40.05%, NaCl 0.01%, CaCO
30.3%.
The application method of degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium provided by the present invention aspect the improvement crops quality, it is low to have the production use cost, easy to use, crops quality is improved significant advantage, is adapted on the cereal crops such as economic crops such as tealeaves, vegetables and paddy rice large tracts of land and promotes.Evidence, degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium provided by the present invention makes at the application method of improvement aspect the crops quality that the Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis extract content has improved 5.0%, Tea Polyphenols has improved 7.0%, amino acid has improved 20%, EGCG has improved 7.4%, GCG has improved 6.8%, the catechin total amount has improved 3.6%, helps the improvement of tealeaves local flavor simultaneously.Result of use on paddy rice makes the several amino acids of rice and crude protein content that raising to some extent all be arranged, and helps the improvement of rice nutrition and taste simultaneously.Result of use on a variety of Chinese cabbage shows, makes a variety of Chinese cabbage fresh weight improve 25%, and dry weight has improved 11%, chlorophyll a has improved 36%, and chlorophyll b has improved 11%, and carotenoid has improved 39%, soluble sugar has improved 48%, and soluble protein has improved 31%, and vitamin C has improved 9%.
Four, embodiment
Request for utilization (patent) number is 200510022548.7, publication number: CN1800354; Open day: the microbial inoculum of 2006.07.12 disclosed pyrethroids pesticide degradation bacterium bacterial strain LFJS3-9 and production thereof.
The microbial inoculum production method comprises:
1) degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium LFJS3-9 test tube kind is inoculated in broth bouillon and shakes in the bottle, shaken cultivation is to logarithmic phase;
2) above-mentioned cultured bacterial classification is inoculated into 500 liters of seeding tanks by 10% inoculum concentration of seed tank culture base, be cultured to exponential phase, the used culture medium prescription of seeding tank is: glucose 0.8%, (NH
4)
2SO
41%, K
2HPO
40.2%, MgSO
40.05%, NaCl 0.01%, CaCO
30.3%, yeast extract 0.02%, pH value 7.2-7.5;
3) seed liquor is inserted to produce by 10% the inoculum concentration of producing jar medium jar cultivate, it is identical with the seed tank culture base to produce jar used medium;
4) throughput of filtrated air is 1 in the incubation of seeding tank and production jar: 0.6-1.2, mixing speed is 180-240 rev/min, cultivation temperature is 30-35 ℃, the whole process incubation time is 48-60 hour, after the fermentation ends thalline quantity reach 1,000,000,000/more than the ml, fermentation is finished the back culture fluid and is gone out jar and directly be distributed into liquid dosage form with plastic barrel or Packaging Bottle or adopt peat to adsorb and be distributed into the solid fungicide formulation with packaging bag.
With the consumption of this this bacteria preparation according to the 30-75 kg/ha, dilution 15-20 doubly after, select fine afternoon, evenly be sprayed in crop plant surface or the soil.
The result of use of embodiment 1 on Anxi Tieguanyin Tea tealeaves
Before spring tea is plucked and behind the last pesticide application, according to the consumption of 50 kg/ha, preceding 7 to 14 days of each results spray on tea tree plant surface once after microbial inoculum diluted 15-20 times.Make tea under the tea-manufacturing technology dark brownish green of the same race of microbial inoculum and do having used microbial inoculum and not used, two kinds of tea are done the detection comparison of works materialization simultaneously.Examining report shows, use the tealeaves of this microbial inoculum to compare with the contrast tealeaves that does not use microbial inoculum, its water extraction content has improved 5.0% (having brought up to 37.7% by 35.9%), Tea Polyphenols and has improved 7.0% (having brought up to 21.3% by 19.9%), amino acid and improved that 20% (having brought up to 1.8% by 1.5%), EGCG have been improved 7.4% (having brought up to 3.79% by 3.53%), GCG provides 6.8% (having brought up to 3.29% by 3.08%), catechin total amount to improve 3.6% (having brought up to 13.54% by 13.07%), helps the improvement of tealeaves local flavor.(seeing Table 2)
The result of use of embodiment 2 on paddy rice
Behind paddy rice booting stage and last pesticide application, controlled under the situation of insect pest, spray microbial inoculum respectively once, according to the consumption of 45 kg/ha, microbial inoculum is suitably diluted at every turn, spray on the rice plant surface.Result of use report on paddy rice shows, use the rice of this microbial inoculum to compare with the contrast rice that does not use microbial inoculum, several amino acids and crude protein content all have raising to some extent: asparatate has improved 23.0% (having brought up to 0.64% by 0.52%), threonine has improved 23.8% (having brought up to 0.26% by 0.21%), serine has improved 36% (having brought up to 0.34% by 0.25%), glutamic acid has improved 33.6% (having brought up to 1.31% by 0.98%), proline has improved 21.4% (having brought up to 0.34% by 0.28%), glycine has improved 24% (having brought up to 0.31% by 0.25%), alanine has improved 23.5% (having brought up to 0.42% by 0.34%), valine has improved 20.5% (having brought up to 0.47% by 0.39%), isoleucine has improved 17.8% (having brought up to 0.33% by 0.28%), leucine has improved 24.4% (having brought up to 0.61% by 0.49%), tyrosine has improved 21.0% (having brought up to 0.23% by 0.19%), phenyl alanine has improved 13.1% (having brought up to 0.43% by 0.38%), lysine has improved 14.8% (having brought up to 0.31% by 0.27%), histidine has improved 15.3% (having brought up to 0.15% by 0.13%), arginine has improved 29.5% (having brought up to 0.57% by 0.44%), crude protein 20.3% (having brought up to 7.73% by 6.43%) helps the improvement of rice nutrition and taste.(seeing Table 3)
The result of use of embodiment 3 on a variety of Chinese cabbage
Before a variety of Chinese cabbage is plucked and behind the last pesticide application, controlled under the situation of insect pest, according to the consumption of 60 kg/ha, preceding 7 to 14 days of each results spray on a variety of Chinese cabbage plant surface.Result of use report on a variety of Chinese cabbage shows that use a variety of Chinese cabbage of this microbial inoculum, multiple growth indexes and nutritive index all have useful variation.Use a variety of Chinese cabbage of microbial inoculum to compare with a variety of Chinese cabbage of not using microbial inoculum, fresh weight has improved 25%, dry weight has improved 11%, chlorophyll a has improved 36%, chlorophyll b has improved 11%, and carotenoid has improved 39%, and soluble sugar has improved 48%, soluble protein has improved 31%, and vitamin C has improved 9%.(seeing Table 4)
The amino acid among the table 1 microbial inoculum LFJS3-9 and the content of vitamin B2
| The composition title | Content (mgml -1) | The composition title | Content (mgml -1) |
| Aspartic acid | 0.206 | Isoleucine | 0.113 |
| Threonine | 0.102 | Leucine | 0.208 |
| Serine | 0.110 | Tyrosine | 0.069 |
| Glutamic acid | 0.467 | Phenyl alanine | 0.138 |
| Glycine | 0.075 | Histidine | 0.072 |
| Alanine | 0.120 | Lysine | 0.184 |
| Valine | 0.162 | Arginine | 0.105 |
| Methionine | 0.045 | Vitamin B2 | 0.012 |
| Proline | 0.180 |
Annotate: data from Physical Chemistry Testing Centre, Jiangsu Prov.'s examining report
The report of the extra-strong tea leaf chemical composition change that table 2 use microbial inoculum LFJS3-9 causes
| Test item | Control test result (%) | Handle testing result (%) |
| Moisture | 5.6 | 4.9 |
| Water extraction | 35.9 | 37.7 |
| Tea Polyphenols | 19.9 | 21.3 |
| Caffeine | 2.8 | 2.5 |
| Amino acid | 1.5 | 1.8 |
| Raw fiber | 17.7 | 22.7 |
| Soluble sugar | 6.5 | 6.2 |
| EGC | 4.42 | 4.49 |
| DL-C | 0.41 | 0.39 |
| EGCG | 3.53 | 3.79 |
| EC | 0.81 | 0.75 |
| GCG | 3.08 | 3.29 |
| ECG | 0.82 | 0.83 |
| The catechin total amount | 13.07 | 13.54 |
| Remarks | Each composition Chinese EGC: epigallocatechin DL-C: catechin EGCG: epi-nutgall base catechin and gallate EC: epicatechin EGCG: nutgall base catechin and gallate EGCG: L-Epicatechin gallate | |
Annotate: data from tea quality supervision and inspection center of Ministry of Agriculture examining report
Table 3 uses microbial inoculum LFJS3-9 to cause the report (data from academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province food quality safety and detection research center examining report) of rice nutrient component variation
| The composition title | Do not use the rice (%) of microbial inoculum | Use the rice (%) of microbial inoculum | The composition title | Do not use the rice (%) of microbial inoculum | Use the rice (%) of microbial inoculum |
| Asparatate | 0.52 | 0.64 | Isoleucine | 0.28 | 0.33 |
| Threonine | 0.21 | 0.26 | Leucine | 0.49 | 0.61 |
| Serine | 0.25 | 0.34 | Tyrosine | 0.19 | 0.23 |
| Glutamic acid | 0.98 | 1.31 | Phenyl alanine | 0.38 | 0.43 |
| Proline | 0.28 | 0.34 | Lysine | 0.27 | 0.31 |
| Glycine | 0.25 | 0.31 | Histidine | 0.13 | 0.15 |
| Alanine | 0.34 | 0.42 | Arginine | 0.44 | 0.57 |
| Cystine | 0.14 | 0.15 | Methionine | 0.19 | 0.20 |
| Valine | 0.39 | 0.47 | Crude protein | 6.43 | 7.73 |
Annotate: data from academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province food quality safety and detection research center examining report
Table 4 uses microbial inoculum LFJS3-9 to cause the report that a variety of Chinese cabbage quality changes
| Testing index | Do not use the sample of microbial inoculum | Use the sample of microbial inoculum |
| Fresh weight (g/ strain) | 63.87 | 79.86 |
| Dry weight (g/ strain) | 2.082 | 2.312 |
| Leaf area and (cm 2/ strain) | 891.42 | 1102.92 |
| Leaf wide (cm/ sheet) | 11.31 | 12.74 |
| Leaf long (cm/ sheet) | 21.13 | 21.44 |
| Chlorophyll a (mg/g) | 1.388 | 1.900 |
| Chlorophyll b (mg/g) | 6.660 | 7.450 |
| Carotenoid (mg/g) | 5.575 | 7.760 |
| Soluble sugar (mg/kg) | 43.19 | 64.03 |
| Soluble protein (mg/kg) | 67.50 | 88.77 |
| Vitamin C (mg/kg) | 158.55 | 172.91 |
Annotate: data from gardening institute of Agricultural University Of Nanjing examining report
Claims (3)
1. the application of degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium aspect the improvement crops quality, the microbial inoculum that use is produced as bacterial classification with degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacteria strain LFJS3-9, each consumption that uses according to the 30-75 kg/ha, after 15-20 times of the dilution, select fine afternoon, evenly be sprayed in crop plant surface or the soil.
2. the application of degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium in improving crops quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that, uses after crop is used agricultural chemicals for the last time.
3. the application of degrading pyrethroid pesticide residue bacterium in improving crops quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that, using method is preceding 7 to 14 days of each results on tealeaves and the vegetables, sprays once on the plant surface; Using method is behind booting stage and last pesticide application on the paddy rice, respectively sprays once on the plant surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710022920 CN101057591A (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2007-05-25 | Application of pyrethroids pesticide degradation bacterium in improving crops quality |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710022920 CN101057591A (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2007-05-25 | Application of pyrethroids pesticide degradation bacterium in improving crops quality |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101057591A true CN101057591A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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ID=38864015
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102391056A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-03-28 | 安徽莱姆佳肥业有限公司 | Insecticidal foliage fertilizer for pyrethrum |
| CN110025919A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-19 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | Pesticide cypermethrin microbial inoculum for degrading and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-05-25 CN CN 200710022920 patent/CN101057591A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102391056A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-03-28 | 安徽莱姆佳肥业有限公司 | Insecticidal foliage fertilizer for pyrethrum |
| CN110025919A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-19 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | Pesticide cypermethrin microbial inoculum for degrading and preparation method thereof |
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