CN101049960A - 一种制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法 - Google Patents

一种制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法 Download PDF

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CN101049960A
CN101049960A CN 200710067681 CN200710067681A CN101049960A CN 101049960 A CN101049960 A CN 101049960A CN 200710067681 CN200710067681 CN 200710067681 CN 200710067681 A CN200710067681 A CN 200710067681A CN 101049960 A CN101049960 A CN 101049960A
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deionized water
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lead sulfide
thiocarbamide
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CN100500574C (zh
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祝华云
张孝彬
糜裕宏
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

本发明公开的制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法,采用的是水热法,其步骤如下:将十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到去离子水中,充分搅拌使两者完全溶于水中形成透明溶液;将乙酸铅和硫脲加入到透明溶液中,搅拌混合均匀,加入到水热反应釜中,在80~160℃下保温6~24h,待自然冷却至室温后打开反应釜,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,离心过滤,干燥沉淀物,得到最终产物。本发明制备方法简单,反应温度低,能耗少,成本低,有利于工业化生产。

Description

一种制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法。
背景技术
硫化铅(PbS)是一种重要的半导体材料,具有较窄的带隙(约为0.41ev)和较大的激发玻尔半径(约为18nm)。纳米尺度的PbS能带从近红外蓝移到可见光区域,呈现出奇异的光学性质和电学性质,有大的三阶非线性光学特性,在光子装置如光子开关等领域有潜在的应用前景[参见:Kane R S,Cohen R E,Silbey R,J.Phys.Chem,1996,100,7928]。PbS纳米材料还有望用于在红外(IR)或近红外(NIR)区有吸收和发射的窄带隙半导体装置中。尤其是PbS一维纳米材料,由于其较小的尺寸和大的非线性,在光学性能、电学性能及力学性能等特性上更加突出,成为近年来的研究热点。然而由于PbS为三维各向同性材料,其取向生长难以控制,其一维纳米结构研究较少。Zhang等[参见:Hua Zhang,Ming Zuo,Shun Tan,et al.Nanotechnology,2006,17,2931~2936]以活性碳、硫和氯化铅为原料高温加热得到PbS超细纳米带和纳米线,并研究了纳米带的微结构和纳米线的晶界结构。Wu等[参见:Chien Wu,Jen-Bin Shi,Chih-Jung Chen,et al.MaterialsLetters,2006,60,3618~3621]利用阳极氧化铝膜(AAM)为模板,制备得到规整的直径为30nm的PbS纳米线。从应用的角度考虑,探索制备条件更为温和,方法更为简单,适宜大量生产的具有良好晶型的一维纳米材料的制备方法仍然是很大的挑战。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种工艺简单,在低温下制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法。
本发明的制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法,采用的是水热法,其步骤如下:
1)将十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到去离子水中,充分搅拌使两者完全溶于水中形成透明溶液,十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的质量比为1∶2~1∶4;
2)将乙酸铅和硫脲加入到透明溶液中,搅拌混合均匀,乙酸铅和硫脲的质量比为5∶3~5∶4;
3)将混合液加入到水热反应釜中,密封反应釜,在80~160℃下保温6~24h,待自然冷却至室温后打开反应釜,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,离心过滤,干燥沉淀物,得到最终产物。
为使十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵更好地溶解在去离子水中,步骤1)可在加热中进行,待十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵完全溶解后再将溶液冷却置室温进行下一步骤。
本发明的有益效果在于:制备方法简单,反应温度低,能耗少,成本低,有利于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为所制备的硫化铅纳米棒的XRD图;
图2为所制备的硫化铅纳米棒的透射电镜图(TEM)。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
1)室温下将0.15g十二烷基磺酸钠和0.2g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到120mL的去离子水中,在磁力搅拌器上加热并充分搅拌使两者完全溶于水中,形成透明溶液;
2)将0.75g乙酸铅和0.45g硫脲加入到透明溶液中,继续搅拌混合均匀;
3)将混合液加入到聚四氟乙烯内衬的水热反应釜中,密封反应釜,在120℃下保温12h,待自然冷却至室温后打开反应釜,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,离心过滤后得到沉淀物,沉淀物在50℃下烘干,得到最终产物。
图1为所制备产物的XRD图,图2为所制备产物的透射电镜图(TEM)。由图可见,所得产物是硫化铅纳米棒。
实施例2:
1)室温下将0.3g十二烷基磺酸钠和0.6g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到120mL的去离子水中,在磁力搅拌器上加热并充分搅拌使两者完全溶于水中,形成透明溶液;
2)将1.5g乙酸铅和1.0g硫脲加入到透明溶液中,继续搅拌混合均匀;
3)将混合液加入到聚四氟乙烯内衬的水热反应釜中,密封反应釜,在160℃下保温12h,待自然冷却至室温后打开反应釜,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,离心过滤后得到沉淀物,沉淀物在50℃下烘干,得到最终产物。
实施例3:
1)室温下将0.2g十二烷基磺酸钠和0.8g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到120mL的去离子水中,在磁力搅拌器上加热并充分搅拌使两者完全溶于水中,形成透明溶液;
2)将3.0g乙酸铅和2.4g硫脲加入到透明溶液中,继续搅拌混合均匀;
3)将混合液加入到聚四氟乙烯内衬的水热反应釜中,密封反应釜,在80℃下保温6h,待自然冷却至室温后打开反应釜,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,离心过滤后得到沉淀物,沉淀物在50℃下烘干,得到最终产物。

Claims (1)

1.一种制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法,其步骤如下:
1)将十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到去离子水中,充分搅拌使两者完全溶于水中形成透明溶液,十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的质量比为1∶2~1∶4;
2)将乙酸铅和硫脲加入到透明溶液中,搅拌混合均匀,乙酸铅和硫脲的质量比为5∶3~5∶4;
3)将混合液加入到水热反应釜中,密封反应釜,在80~160℃下保温6~24h,待自然冷却至室温后打开反应釜,用去离子水和无水乙醇洗涤,离心过滤,干燥沉淀物,得到最终产物。
CNB2007100676813A 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 一种制备硫化铅纳米棒的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100500574C (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MD242Z (ro) * 2010-01-26 2011-03-31 Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы Procedeu de obţinere a nanocristalelor hidrofile PbS
MD241Z (ro) * 2009-12-29 2011-03-31 Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы Procedeu de obţinere a nanoparticulelor de PbS stabilizate cu gelatină
CN101319404B (zh) * 2008-06-10 2012-05-16 浙江大学 一种制备空心球状硫化镉纳米晶的方法
CN101955220B (zh) * 2009-05-08 2012-05-30 中国科学院广州化学研究所 一种水相法制备PbS球形纳米晶体的方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101319404B (zh) * 2008-06-10 2012-05-16 浙江大学 一种制备空心球状硫化镉纳米晶的方法
CN101955220B (zh) * 2009-05-08 2012-05-30 中国科学院广州化学研究所 一种水相法制备PbS球形纳米晶体的方法
MD241Z (ro) * 2009-12-29 2011-03-31 Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы Procedeu de obţinere a nanoparticulelor de PbS stabilizate cu gelatină
MD242Z (ro) * 2010-01-26 2011-03-31 Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы Procedeu de obţinere a nanocristalelor hidrofile PbS

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