CN101046331A

CN101046331A - Solar heat collecting pipe with comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel

Info

Publication number: CN101046331A
Application number: CNA2006100501087A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄金伦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-03-31
Filing date: 2006-03-31
Publication date: 2007-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-31
Also published as: CN101046331B

Abstract

The solar heat collecting pipe with comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel has huge transparent vacuum pipe with vacuum glass pipe as outer layer, inner layer and expanded flexible arc; inside spiral metal flow channel with comb-shaped cross section, outer coating and blower or pump forced flowing work medium gas or liquid, inside vacuum glass sleeve and vacuum disc with reflecting aluminum-plastic film, central shaft for hoisting with heat insulating cap, end cap and hoop, and other parts. The huge very long solar heat collecting pipe can provide great heat resource.

Description

Solar heat collecting pipe with comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of macro-energy heating plant of technical field of solar utilization technique.

Background technology

The glass heat-collecting vacuum tube heat supply temperature of prior art is on the low side, and energy is less than normal, has following point:

1, by heat radiation, the spectral absorption layer heat on the metal tube in vacuum tube, conduction is to design preferably to working medium.But macro-energy heat energy is provided, because metal tube heating surface area amplification is less than the amplification of its volume; Volume increases, and the thermal capacitance of working medium is also big, and efficient sharply descends, and this is a contradiction; 2, the design of the logical working medium of finned metallic conduit is housed in the vacuum tube, increases heating surface area by fin, but the macro-energy thermal source will be provided, improve the thermal efficiency, can demonstrate following contradiction by fin.Fin is cooked greatly more, and the heat conduction gives the path of working medium long more, and decrease in efficiency is many more.Reason is not contain working medium in the fin, and fin is also wanted accumulation of heat and radiant heat.3, with the direct water flowing of the bigger glass-vacuum tube of caliber, not only saving water tank but also increase light-receiving area, is the good idea of simplifying device, but that contradiction is caliber is big, and water capacity is big, and thermal capacitance is bigger, and it is slow to heat up, deposition and freeze quick-fried in the pipe.The ectonexine temperature difference is big, easy again cold and hot booster.Because the selective absorbed layer of internal layer, temperature is higher, but glass is not good heat carrier, and thermal resistance is big, causes thermal-arrest floor height emissivity, so radiation loss is also big.

Summary of the invention

The advantage of utilizing the big vacuum tube low-heat of glass to decrease is equipped with metal comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel in its inside, (part 3 of Fig. 1 and 4 and Fig. 6), circulation working medium in the runner.With regard to general screw, had very big total surface area originally, now this pipe cross section is made the characteristic of comb-shaped cross section, so it is bigger that it has a volume, and have more heating surface area and the especially big advantage of conduction surface, bring into play the selectivity rete advantage that metal flow passage heat transfer efficiency height and its appearance scribble high absorptance, low-launch-rate simultaneously, make thermal resistance, thermal capacitance very little, the thermal efficiency is high.

So-called working medium: dry industrial working medium is air; What desalinization was used is seawater; What sunlight was for building is running water.The working medium runner of this comb-shaped cross section can bear hydraulic pressure and the advantage of tolerating freezing anti-expansion from the beginning.

The object of the invention provides the helioplant of macro-energy for industry, agricultural and sunlight building, thus working medium be by blower fan, liquid pump compulsory circulation in comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel, in order to carrying out high efficiency heat exchange.

The manufacturing of comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel: form in molding roller machine rolling with thin metal skin (for example copper, aluminium or stainless steel).There is the concavo-convex ring-type rib of corresponding comb-shaped cross section shape (roll device is intermeshed, and concavo-convex rib all to be used arc transition, feasible cold draw in the operation of rolling, the drawing and forming of helping on the circumferencial direction of roll.According to the principle of three rolls volume metal plate machine, shut out shell (W of Fig. 6) shape of the comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel that just becomes the helical curve wire again, mix narrow metal foil metal plate again as bottom (t of Fig. 6), at h and h ₁The place just finishes with the roll-welding seam, and also available certainly (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) form is with changeing the buckle structure pressing.

In general: the vacuum tube diameter is big more, and the number of teeth of its comb-shaped cross section should be many more, otherwise then few more.In the design's the single-threaded helix, just form by five lines arranged side by side, this as a staff just has five lines, its cross section such as Fig. 6, helix mechanically has the branch of one start screw and multiple thread, and the runner in this vacuum tube also can be made into the multiple thread of big helical pitch.

The winding of comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel: 1. twine on the external cylindrical surface of vacuum sleeve (13 and Fig. 5 of Fig. 1) earlier and scratch (and local bonding) two-layer heat-resisting aluminum-plastic composite membrane 5, it plays two effects: (1) reflector layer is all outside, reduces the hot working fluid radiation; Comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel is wrapped on the external cylindrical surface of vacuum sleeve easily.Vacuum sleeve 13 is vacuum cylindrical shells (as Fig. 5) of a glass, must be during winding by dextrorotation along corkscrew rule, a circle adjacent one winding of enclosing the land successively on the external cylindrical surface of vacuum sleeve, the centre can not be gapped, be wound on the whole vacuum sleeve external cylindrical surface always till.Vacuum sleeve 13 is also extensible in case of necessity, adiabatic elasticity packing ring of pad in the interlayer of joint.

Central shaft is installed: central shaft is the seamless steel pipe (Fig. 1 10) of an aluminum-zinc alloy, and which floor (clinging with the part) aluminum-plastic composite membrane the two ends on its segment length of suit vacuum sleeve twine more earlier, and the reflecting layer is all outside.And which floor one section of the centre between these two ends twines less, and it is easier that purpose sets up vacuum sleeve, and requires to set up, and just in time do not relax one's efforts and not too tight.This is to utilize multilayer complex films that the purpose of point elasticity and reflective thermal radiation is arranged.Central shaft only plays the skeleton function of handling and installation.

A vacuum pan (Fig. 1 12) and Fig. 4 are respectively overlapped on central shaft 10 in the outside, the two ends of vacuum sleeve 13, respectively adorn an adiabatic elasticity cap (Fig. 1 7) more outside, outmost two ends respectively put an end cap 8 and cranse 11 (Fig. 1), and fastening bolt, make with central shaft tighten together (with reference to figure 2, Fig. 3).

The fairlead caliber of comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel is round, (beginning has a cutting back to carry out the transition to pipe from rectangle).Involution nut 15 and adiabatic elasticity ring 14 are the positioning actions (Fig. 1) as the joint of two butt joint vacuum tubes.Because the shape of involution nut 15 is identical with the clasp nut of mechanical industry lathe screw mandrel with effect.With the measure of butt joint vacuum tube, be to consider that long big vacuum tube manufacturing has certain technology difficulty, so Fig. 1 represents the structure of vacuum tube that docks and the comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel that need not dock.

The design of expansion amount of deflection arc 6, because the requirement of vacuum tube caliber and length GB head and shoulders above, the amount of deflection because of glass is very little again, has only just to demonstrate amount of deflection when span is quite big.Fig. 9 is the making of expansion amount of deflection arc: a blows out waisting with mould a double-layer circular ring shape vitreum; B prescinds the chain-dotted line place clout at edge with automatic scarfing machine or laser; The c inner glass tube and the welding of R-R place of vacuum tube; D with the outer glass pipe of vacuum tube in the welding of j-j place.When interior outer glass pipe and the welding of amount of deflection arc, preferably without one metallic elastic support commonly used, and with the anchor clamps of concentric (coaxial line).For example scheme the three-point fix of C,, make 3 of two places of anchor clamps determine the center of circle of a circle to keep with one heart again with the three-point fix of the endoporus circumference of inner glass tube with the endoporus circumference of amount of deflection arc, when figure d, three-point fix on the external diameter circumference of same anchor clamps and outer glass pipe.Fill with mineral wool between expansion amount of deflection arc and the rigid part on every side.

Usually inspiration piece, getter are welded on the elastic support, can only be welded in now on the copper wire or Dumet wire of diameter＜Φ 0.8mm, put into air intake duct again and allow evaporable barium-titanium getter hang over vacuum layer, wire with the air intake duct sealing by fusing.

Vacuum pan 12, in the vacuum sleeve 13, the most handy vacuum plating magnesium reflecting layer, (this technology is than chemical silvering economy and succinct, though performance is more inferior slightly).

The present invention must cooperate compound parabolic concentrator CPC to install and use, and makes the whole face of cylinder of the big vacuum tube thermal-collecting tube of glass all be subjected to solar radiation, brings into play the effect of maximum heating surface.

Description of drawings:

The pipe tail of two big glass tube with vacuums of Fig. 1 docks and structure chart that comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel need not dock with the pipe tail.

Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 piece number 11 cranses (with bolt all be the aluminum-zinc alloy steel).

Fig. 3 is piece number 8 end caps (enhancement engineering plastics) of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is piece number 12 vacuum pans (vacuum glass dish) of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is piece number 13 vacuum sleeves (vacuum glass tube) of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the piece number 4 of Fig. 1, is the sectional view of comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel.

Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 6 represent the comb-shaped cross section number of teeth of comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel, can what be arranged according to vacuum caliber size; The vacuum caliber is big more, and the cross section number of teeth of runner is many more.

Fig. 9 is that the piece number 6 of Fig. 1 is manufacturing schematic diagrames of expansion amount of deflection arc.

When Figure 10 is a glass evacuated caliber＜Φ 150mm, available trapezoid cross section helical flow path.

When Figure 11 is a glass evacuated caliber＜Φ 80mm, use circular cross-section runner, (as a, the b of Figure 11) in the time of can adopting subtriangular cross section or helix tube internal diameter＜Φ 5mm.

The yet available multi-head spiral form of these helical flow paths promptly can not have the space between each cross section of fluid channel, and one adjacent one, the spectrum selective paint 4 among Figure 10 of this moment just saves, and only the outer surface at the metal spiral runner just scribbles spectrum selective paint.

Claims

1. macro-energy solar glass vacuum heat collecting tube is fused into annular mouth by an end of the different inside and outside full transparent glass pipe of its caliber, forms interlayer in the middle of making it, is convenient to be evacuated; Make a ring-type expansion amount of deflection arc earlier before the inside and outside layer welding of the other end of this two reducings glass tube, make the amount of deflection of glass offset the differential expansion opposite sex of inside and outside layer.

The appearance of the metal comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel in the vacuum tube scribbles spectral selection and films, and the working medium in the runner can be water, air or freeze proof liquid.

2. according to the said macro-energy solar glass vacuum heat collecting tube of claim 1, its working medium runner is metal comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel, has unconventional especially big heating surface area.

3. according to the said macro-energy solar glass vacuum heat collecting tube of claim 1, the big vacuum tube of its glass can dock spreading, and the metal working medium runner in interior can dock, and makes technology succinct.

4. according to the said macro-energy solar glass vacuum heat collecting tube of claim 1 caliber relatively hour, the cross section of metal working medium helical flow path can be trapezoidal, subtriangular, during even the internal diameter of runner metal pipe＜Φ 5mm, can use the garden tee section, as a and the b of Figure 11; Even now is simplified the working medium helical flow path of small-sized solar glass heat-collecting vacuum tube, but than the working medium water passage surface gross area of prior art, much bigger relatively.

The branch that single head, multiple thread are arranged in the mechanical industry, the design also belongs to a kind of spiral principle, so runner can have single head spiral and multi-head spiral, space at interval can be arranged between the helical flow path of single head spiral, like this keeping certain lead angle and refrigerant flow rate, but also reduced a part of heating surface area; Can not have the space between the runner during multi-head spiral, promptly a circle adjacent encloses, and can keep than the king bolt lift angle, increases refrigerant flow rate and heating surface area; The purpose of comb-shaped cross section and spiral flow channel design is eliminated space at interval, increases heating surface area to greatest extent, because its comb teeth itself has just formed many parallel spiral crest lines, when it is made with multi-head spiral, be exactly bigger helical pitch, lead angle, increase refrigerant flow rate.