CN101042963A - Key switches - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric key switch, which comprises: a printed circuit board with a plurality of switch contacts and a reference trace, and the plurality of switch contacts are usually in electric insulation with the reference trace; and a metal button dome on the upside of the printed circuit board. An external margin which electrically contacts the reference trace, and a raised central zone with a prone chamber, are arranged on the dome. The edge of the chamber is positioned along a ridge on the upside of the switch contact, so that the ridge around the central zone is matched with the printed circuit board in an annular contact zone over the switch contact when triggering the button dome. Therefore, the electrical contact between the button dome and the switch contact is realized, and a switch element and the plurality of switch contact are electrically connected.

Description

Key switch

The explanation of dividing an application

The application is that application number is 03813996.0, the applying date is on May 23rd, 2003 and denomination of invention dividing an application for the Chinese invention patent application of " keypad and key switch ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to keypad, also relate to the key switch that is used for keypad and keyboard.

Background technology

The miniaturization of electronic product is a basic principle of scientific and technological progress.The competitive advantage of production line and successfully depend on the product that whether a company can provide function to increase and portable performance also increases.Along with development of science and technology, more and more may be under human scale the electronic circuit miniaturization, such result then is the size that interface (as display screen, keypad, cursor control device) has determined portable product alone.Therefore, can the ergonomics quality of input unit (as keypad) and size obtain admitting and successfully play more and more important effect to product.

It is independent and Macintosh (IACK) keypad that one class provides the keypad of input unit in special saving space or keyboard, and it has and intersperses among one and show effectively lower spill combination key region of the multiple row of imitating in the convex independent key region that rises.The IACK keypad has independence and combination key region, is usually placed in row and column alternately.The independent key region of the IACK keypad before me is some keypad elements like this, when being independent of adjacent key and pressing it, produces an associated output.Otherwise the combination key region of the IACK keypad before me is more such keypad elements, and they have adjacent independent keys (for example in the bight of combination key region along diagonal orientation), and do not have the key switch corresponding with them below key mat.Produce the output corresponding by pressing two or more adjacent rise key ranges of combining with combination key region.

Do not need other to cause the keypad of more and more miniaturization is carried out the improvement of reliable operation even in keypad, do not need by triggering the output of some key ranges of the incompatible generation of switches set corresponding with other key range yet.For example, seek improvement, make it possible to come reliably and almost side by side closed a plurality of electrical connections with an independent clear and definite tactile feedback incident to key switch structure.There is a class to comprise the keyboard or the keypad of IACK keypad, need realizes a plurality of key switches contact simultaneously.The snap domes of operating under the fastening pattern (with manufacturings such as metal and plastics) provides high-quality tactile feedback.But being difficult to once make more than one key switch contact carries out reliable instantaneous connection.

Summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of improvement is provided for keypad with key range array, the key range array comprises that row rise the key range and are dispersed in the key range of rising between the key range, each rises the key range a corresponding character output all is provided when triggering, be dispersed in the key range of rising between the key range and then provide character output according to operative algorithm to small part, operative algorithm comprises and triggers at least one adjacent rise key range.But the improved key switch that is characterised in that corresponding independent triggers is placed on below the key range of distribution, and operative algorithm also comprises the related switch that triggers below the key range of scattering.

The center to center that preferred adjacent rise key range is had approximately less than adult finger width half.

In some cases, corresponding tactile feedback elements is positioned at below each rise key range and each interspersed key region.

In certain embodiments, operative algorithm response detects the switch triggering of combining and produces the output corresponding with interspersed key region, and the switch triggering of combining comprises switch below any one rise key range and the switch below interspersed key region.

In some cases, operative algorithm response detects the switch triggering of combining and produces the output corresponding with interspersed key region, and the switch triggering that this is combined comprises the switch below the rise key range of a switch below the interspersed key region and any one and this interspersed key region direct neighbor.

In some cases, each switch that is placed on below the interspersed key region is directly connected on the switch that is placed on below another interspersed key region in its side, is connected at its opposite side to be placed on the switch that rises below the key range.

At least in certain embodiments, the lobed exposed surface of interspersed key region.Under some other situation, they are smooth substantially.

In some cases, each rises the key range and all comprises a rise ridge that defines top surface, and each interspersed key region all directly is close to a plurality of rises key range.

In certain embodiments, keypad comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) with trace, and trace is electrically connected some and rises each switch at least some switches below key ranges and a switch below the corresponding interspersed key region.

In some cases, keypad has a printed circuit board (PCB) with four electric trace extensions, and these electric trace extensions extend to below each interspersed key region, to form switch contact.For example, two trace extensions below each interspersed key region can be connected on the tactile dome, two other trace extension then is connected on the trace of exposure, when triggering this interspersed key region, and the instantaneous electric contact state that enters of the trace of described exposure.

In some preferred construction, the electric trace that utilizes printed circuit board (PCB) to contact with interruption in the metal snap dome inner surface triggers each and is placed on switch below the interspersed key region.Preferably be interrupted the trace that contacts and form three contacts that separate, be separated from each other on their circular contact zones below snap domes with snap dome surface.For example trace can be the cheese below the snap domes.

In some cases, each switch that is placed on below the interspersed key region all comprises a tactile feedback elements and a carbon electrode ring.In these situations, tactile feedback elements can be that electricity is passive.Each switch that is placed on below the interspersed key region can connect three signal traces, form one from array one side to this switch single channel and from two access points of array opposite side.

In some keypads, the key range of rising or scattering is respectively each zone of molded plastics key mat, key mat deflection in the key trigger process.In some cases, those are not to come out by the hole that each separates in the key mat in each regional key range of molded plastics key mat.In some cases, molded button dome actuator makes them stretch out from the lower surface of key mat.Key mat also can come out with product casing is Unitarily molded.

In some other situation, the key range is the upper surface that is fixed to the key on the thin slice, and thin slice then keeps the state of stretching, extension on a row key switch.The thin slice that stretches can comprise for example sheet of elastomeric resin.Preferred elastic sheet at least in one direction keeps at least 20% extended configuration.In some cases, stretch thin slice and comprise plastic tab, but the molded plastics thin slice makes its zone with elastic stretch, the fold that stretches out as first type surface from thin slice.

According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of improvement to keypad, keypad comprises a key mat and is positioned at switch bottom below the key mat, key mat has the upper surface of exposure, the upper surface of this exposure has formed the rise key range that separates, press when rising the key range when being independent of the adjacent key zone, produces associated output, key mat also defines other key range of interspersing among between the adjacent rise key range and it is made mark to indicate other relevant output.The improved key mat that is characterised in that is crossed the switch bottom at its periphery and is remained on extended configuration rigidly.

In certain embodiments, rising the key range is the upper surface that is fixed on the rigid key on the elastic sheet.

The preferred elastomeric thin slice keeps at least 20% extended configuration at assigned direction, perhaps all keeps stretching on two orthogonal directions.

Some examples are characterised in that key mat has plastic tab, but the molded plastics thin slice makes it have the elastic stretch zone, the fold that stretches out as the first type surface from thin slice.

In certain embodiments, key mat defines periphery hole, and when keymat stretched, periphery hole holds the pin of rigid keypad shell.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, key switch comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) with at least two switch contacts, and described at least two switch contacts are electrically insulated from each other usually, also comprises a metal snap dome that is placed on above the printed circuit board (PCB).Dome has the zone line of the rise that has formed prone chamber, chamber is limited by the ridge that is placed on above the switch contact at its edge, make that the ridge around the central area cooperates with printed circuit board (PCB) in the annular contact zone of crossing switch contact when triggering this snap domes, make to electrically contact between snap domes and the switch contact.

In certain embodiments, snap domes has the outer, places this outer and makes it lean against on the reference trace on the printed circuit board (PCB) and electrically contact with it.

Preferred annular contact zone is approximately 1/3rd of metal dome nominal diameter.

In an embodiment who illustrates, switch contact is a wedge shape.Preferred each switch contact is at about 20 degree of circumferentially extending across of contact zone.

Preferred switch contact is each other approximately equidistantly placed on every side in the contact zone.

In some cases, ridge has formed continuous ring.In some other situation, ridge comprises circle ridge or ridge section separately.

In some applications, snap domes is placed on above three switch contacts that separate.

In some cases, switch contact is enough thick to make the snap domes of the deflection switch contact of contact below all before any other surface of contact PCB, preferred snap domes enough approaches and switch contact separates enough spacings, thereby during the switch contact below the dome of this deflection contacts all, dome can be to the further deflection of the PCB between the adjacent switch contact.

In of the present invention another improves, keypad comprises a key mat and is positioned at switch bottom below the key mat, key mat has the upper surface of exposure, the upper surface of this exposure has formed the rise key range that separates, press when rising the key range when being independent of the adjacent key zone, produce associated output, key mat also defines other key range that intersperses among between the adjacent rise key range, and the switch bottom comprises and is positioned at relevant and rises the switch below the key range and be located immediately at switch below the corresponding dispersion zone.

According to another improvement of the present invention, keypad has a kind of array of key range, comprise that row rise the key range and are dispersed in the key range of rising between the key range, each rises the key range a corresponding character output all is provided when triggering, be dispersed in the key range of rising between the key range and then provide character output according to operative algorithm to small part, operative algorithm comprises at least one adjacent rise key range of triggering, and interspersed key region has a tangible protruding upper surface.

It is inconsistent with rational ergonomic design basic principle to place a plurality of switches below a finger: promptly provide a clear and definite tactile feedback to each input that receives.High level (metal dome) tactile feedback that is provided in my some early stage trials has produced unsatisfied combination key reliability, and each input has a plurality of " ticktack sound ".Here the given final answer of some embodiment of Pi Luing needs the variation of a plurality of whiles, comprise the variation that will produce some adverse effects, these variations comprise the extra tactile feedback of adding (as solving the method that too many this problem of feedback has been arranged), in the PCB array, add a subarray (it not being carried out some disclosed improvement here), these variations can be increased to the line number of central processing unit, also comprise in some aspects in order to adopt the stage division between non-rise and the rise key and abandoned early stage IACK notion (the rise key that promptly has relative diagonal angle produces the output relevant with the center combination key range), wherein non-rise key is dominant.In addition, improved key mat structure has improved the ability that generic finger triggers independence and Macintosh reliably.

A kind of structure of small keyboard is provided, and it uses the relative altitude and the relative intensity of an independent dome structure, and height here and intensity are with respect to four speeches around it, have also used the interior relative more weak deflecting force of key mat self.This structure is used advantageous particularly with convex, non-rise key.

By making and being interrupted the metal that the trace that contacts narrows down and thickeies trace, increase a plurality of switches and an independent reliability that metal dome contacts, make that part of interruption between three separate contacts can be to printed circuit board (PCB) deflection on material when interruption contacts with three contacts that separate.Can strengthen the reliability that once realizes a plurality of contacts especially, if when especially snap domes and trace only contact with each other at " 3 points " or in the position that diameter approximately is divided into three sections.

Under great variations in temperature, remain on material character difference among the elastomeric keypad web in the plastic casing and may cause the inefficacy that contacts with snap domes.Keep contacting of key mat actuator and dome in order not use binding agent (this can increase service and make trouble), it is desirable under precompressed or extended configuration, assemble key mat.

Aspects more of the present invention make small-sized keypad become possibility, no matter simultaneously be that to rise also be non-rise key, each key input are still had clear and definite, subjective good tactile feedback.Further feature disclosed here and that require can improve the durability of keypad, thereby as provide the duroplasts keypad to make keypad and shell wholely to form, be minimized in the edge number that exposes on the keypad subsides tiling.Improvement has in addition increased the serviceable bife and the operability of flexible key mat.Here the improvement dome switch structure of Pi Luing can be utilized to the independent tactile feedback of user and produce reliably and almost simultaneously the connection that strides across two or more route of exposure.

Elaborated one or more embodiment of the present invention in the the accompanying drawings and the following description.Some embodiment wherein are described with reference to the improvement to the IACK keypad, perhaps are described with reference to those keypads with key range, and the output of key range is only by determining with switch combination state adjacent, that the rise key range is relevant.But, should be appreciated that several aspect of the present invention is not limited to the keypad of these types, and other aspect also has the operative algorithm that is different from this.To become obvious by following description, accompanying drawing and claims other features, objects and advantages of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows first printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) of keypad, and the some of them switch comprises the carbon electrode and the metal dome switchboard of exposure.

Fig. 2 shows the cross section of the keypad with rise and interspersed key region.

Fig. 3 and 4 shows combination key region and the independent key region that triggers heating shaping IACK key mat respectively.

Fig. 5 shows the narrow actuator post that is molded in the backfill elastomer.

Fig. 6 and 7 shows the operative algorithm to keypad.

Fig. 8 and 9 shows the circuit board layout diagram of using together with Fig. 6 and 7.

Figure 10 shows by the finger on the rise key range.

Figure 11 shows by the finger on the non-rise key range of projection.

Figure 12 shows by the finger on smooth non-rise key range.

Figure 13 shows by the finger on the rise key range with rise edge.

Figure 14 shows the elastic keymat of pulling down from shell.

Figure 15 shows the keypad of the Figure 14 that assembles.

Figure 16 shows the keypad with key mat, and key mat is molded with buckle point.

Figure 17 shows the key mat with independent key region, and independent key region is limited on the rigid structure.

Figure 18 is the cutaway view along Figure 17 center line 18-18.

Figure 19 shows the key mat with combination key region, and combination key region is limited on the rigid structure.

Figure 20 is the cutaway view along Figure 19 center line 20-20.

Figure 21 is the cutaway view that passes metal dome, and metal dome is designed to once contact a plurality of switch elements.

Figure 22 shows the PCB trace below the dome of Figure 21.

Figure 23 shows the interruption loop member on the downside of metal dome.

In each accompanying drawing, represent similar elements with similar reference number.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 shows switch 21, it has held the conventional button dome of being made by metal or plastics 12 (Fig. 3) below the independent keys 11 of IACK keypad, thereby provide instantaneous connection between two lines at the place, crosspoint that is positioned at drive wire 24 (vertically illustrating) and sense wire 26 (flatly illustrating), the IACK keypad has a row independent key region 11 between combination key region of being distributed in 22 (also can with reference to figure 3,10).The substrate of snap domes 12 (preferably forming with metal) leans against above the printing conductive substrate 29, and printing conductive substrate 29 and the drive wire 24 above it electrically contact, and sense wire 26 electric connections on the center of switch 21 and its right side.Trigger relevant snap domes 12 electricity like this and be equivalent to the switch that triggers below expection Macintosh 22 upper right sides, the independent keys 11.Also show auxiliary contact 20, drive wire 24 electric connections below it and it, and sense wire 26 electric connections in auxiliary contact 20 and its left side.Belt covers snap domes 12, avoids contacting (Fig. 3) with auxiliary conductor 18, and has the otch corresponding with auxiliary contact 20, thereby allow contacting of auxiliary conductor and PCB.Triggering relevant snap domes 12 electricity like this is equivalent to and triggers the switch that is positioned at below expection Macintosh 22 lower-left sides, the independent keys 11.Trigger these two independent keys 11 (being positioned at relative to one another on the diagonal that strides across a Macintosh 22) simultaneously and just give instruction of controller, promptly want to trigger the center combination key.

Fig. 2 shows the drive wire 24 with sense wire 26 electric insulations, but at each independent intersections 14 places corresponding with the position of independent key region 11, sense wire 26 and drive wire 24 can be electrically connected.Be similar to former IACK keypad, the software of system is recorded as the input of Macintosh the result of at least two diagonal angles of triggering adjacent (promptly adjacent relatively) independent key region 11.For example, system is recorded as intention input digit " 3 " triggering " E " and " L " or " F " and " K ".But in this array, trace extension 50 extends to each combined cross point 15 that they almost contact with each other from each trace segments of four trace segments limiting each combination key region 22.Trace extension 50 extends in the contact area 141 in each combination key region 22.Can make trace extension 50 with conductive ink, can give conductive ink doping or change them selectively with other way, thereby when contact, can provide unique resistance, make to pick out the crosspoint that is in contact by detecting resistance of traces at each place, crosspoint.

Trigger the contact between the adjacent end portion of four trace extensions 50 that Macintosh 22 directly over the combined cross point 15 closes at combined cross point 15 places, therefore connected adjacent a pair of drive wire 24 and a pair of sense wire 26, this electricity be equivalent to trigger all 4 around independent intersections 14.The example of the construction of switch of all 4 trace extensions 50 of a given combined cross point 15 of connection provides in Fig. 1 and Figure 21-23.

Fig. 3-4 shows the operation to the IACK key mat 30a with a thin slice 70, and thin slice 70 forms the contoured surface shape, exposes the key range, and key mat 30a comprises the element that is used for independent keys 11 and Macintosh 22.Thin slice 70 can form with harder relatively material, as Merlon or polyester etc., and by the shaping of processes such as for example heating.For example, preferred sheet thickness is 0.0508 to 0.1270 millimeter.Below each independent key region 11, have an actuator 36 that forms by other material, utilize method such as injection molding to form in position.Actuator 36 be placed on each high feedback position n (as metal or polyester dome) directly over.Similarly, below each combination key region 22, an actuator 36 and high feedback button dome 12 are arranged.

As shown in the figure, there is difference in the gap between the lower surface of actuator 36 and the associated snap domes 12.Contact area between the actuator 36 of thin slice 70 and independent keys 11 is limited to that part of that independent keys 11 in use can not be out of shape, and mainly is the top flat zones of finger 55 contacts in the process that triggers independent keys 11.Purpose is when minimizing independent keys 11 inclined side rigidity power to be delivered on the tactile feedback elements 12.One or more structures of transmitting power between thin slice 70 and tactile feedback elements (snap domes) 12 do not need to be connected on the thin slice 70.Be positioned at actuator 36 and the tactile element distance of separation " d " relevant with them below the independent key region 11 when static, this distance ' ' d ' ' is more bigger than the haul distance of tactile element at least.In the embodiment shown in this, the height of all snap domes 12 all is the same with haul distance.Tactile feedback (particularly give very clear and definite realizable feedback of an input that is detected) is the very important aspect of any keypad, and different with the sort of technology (as IACK) essence of placing a plurality of tactile element under user's finger.When pressing Macintosh 22 or independent keys 11, this structure provides independent, a clear and definite tactile feedback in the IACK keypad.

As shown in the figure, independent key actuators 36 just is positioned at below the highest zone, level ground of independent key region 11, and the major part of finger triggering power is applied to this zone.In the process that triggers key, the inclined lateral side of the independent key region 11 of rise can be not crooked like this, and this is because they are not subjected to the restriction of actuator 36.

When the user points 55 when pressing and importing the character that is printed on the Macintosh 22 (Fig. 3), some distortion have taken place, but main results is when the downward deflection of the combination key region 22 of expection in thin slice 70`, the also downward deflection of adjacent independent key region 11.But clearly, as shown in Figure 3, the snap domes 12 of the independent key region 11 adjacent with those is compared, and the snap domes 12 under combination key region 22 is triped in lower deflection distance.This has just made response to triggering Macintosh 22, and an independent and tactile feedback clearly (as from metal or polyester fiber dome) is provided.

Otherwise, when the user points 55 when pressing and triggering independent key region 11 (Fig. 4), before the tactile element of triping around any one, the snap domes 12 under the independent keys of at first triping.As long as the required power of the thin slice around the independent key region that deflection triggered 11 70 is less than the power of combining of triping that is positioned at the snap domes 12 below the adjacent combination key region 22, selected independent keys 11 will continue preferentially only to trip the snap domes relevant with it 12 always.

Fig. 5 shows key mat 30b, and it is the variant of Fig. 3 embodiment, wherein actuator 36 usefulness material hard, can printing opacity forms, and/or has conical to have the light transmission of having improved in the minimum material compression.This can pass through two step moulding and form, and wherein at first forms the network structure 97, the second that is made of elastomeric material and goes on foot the material formation actuator 36 of using higher hardness.Alternative in addition method is to produce concentrator 36 with the insertion mould pressing method in softer elastomeric material.The upper surface of concentrator 36 can form letter or other symbol that can distinguish the key range.

Fig. 6 shows the coding/decoding method of simplifying described software, and it has reduced the operation needed treatment step of IACK keypad and can guarantee high-quality tactile feedback in the IACK keypad.In step 100, in software, create out two generic keys.They can be the tabulation (11 and 22) of two generic keys very simply, or the tabulation of an a generic key and remaining key thought (default ground) second generic key.Independent keys 11 is appointed as assisted class, Macintosh 22 is appointed as the domination class.Relative position that it should be noted that concrete independent keys 11 and Macintosh 22 is not the part of decoding algorithm, and is to use absolute position and class to define expection output.In contrast, in some early stage IACK keypads, know that the relative position of each key is absolutely necessary for operation.In step 102, system detects the user and presses secondary key, as independent keys 11.System can show this key, perhaps waits for a given delay period.In step 104, before decontroling secondary key, the user presses (and system detects) another key and triggers.Software does not need to analyze and has related to which diagonal angle and carried out correlation between the Macintosh between the selected diagonal sum diagonal angle, and this is because the key of any domination class can replace the key of any assisted class.Simply, in the IACK keypad before some, trigger the key range 1 and 6 that ' A ' key need trigger rise referring to Fig. 9, or 2 and 5.But in this algorithm, any one numerical key and ' A ' combination are all and the output of key ' A ' oneself the same generation the ' A ' in 1 to 12.The location independent of independent keys is critical.In step 106, system gives up secondary key and selects to arrange key.This algorithm may not be used in the IACK structure of small keyboard of some prior aries, and these structure of small keyboard have high-quality tactile feedback and operate according to following principle, and promptly relative contiguous independent keys 11 indications want to trigger Macintosh 22.In these cases, in order to reduce overall dimensions, the distance that independent keys is separated from each other is less than half width that becomes finger, and the operative combination key just needs to trigger at least two snap domes 12 (in having the keypad of snap domes) so.This algorithm (the perhaps algorithm of Fig. 7) uses the high-quality tactile feedback that can allow individuality in the IACK keypad together in conjunction with the combination of protrusions bond structure of Figure 11.

Fig. 7 shows the another kind of coding/decoding method of simplifying described software, and it has reduced the operation needed treatment step of IACK keypad and can guarantee high-quality tactile feedback in the IACK keypad.This method (being similar to the method for Fig. 6) is fit to use with the printed circuit board layout figure shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.In step 110, be similar to the step 100 of Figure 29, pick out two generic keys.But, in step 112, create the another one tabulation, wherein each domination key and adjacent secondary key link together.With reference to figure 9, ' A ' and 1,2,5 and 6 links together; ' B ' and 2,3,6 and 7 links together; ' C ' and 3,4,7 and 8 links together; ' D ' and 5,6,9 and 10 links together; ' E ' and 6,7,10 and 11 links together; ' F ' and 7,8,11 and 12 links together.Attention makes one of them predetermined-element belong to a special class also can to realize same result by creating an independent Groups List, as ' A, 1,2,5,6 '; ' B, 2,3,6,7 '; ' C, 3,4,7,8 '; ' D, 5,6,9,10 '; ' E, 6,7,10,11 '; ' F, 7,8,11,12 ', wherein the spcial character (being first character in this example) in each tabulation is the domination key.And the character of other those mark physics adjacent key can random alignment, and this is because be unessential with respect to the position of domination key (Macintosh 22).In step 115, the user presses a plurality of keys and system detects these keys.In step 117, classification and order of priority that system reference is done in step 110 and 112.If in initial input is knocked, detect one or more secondary keies, and system detect subsequently one the domination key (before all secondary keies are invalid), then as step 106, system gives up secondary key and selects to arrange key.Be similar to the method for Fig. 6, different with many existing IACK keypads, output is not exclusively according to the combination of adjacent key relatively.The PCB layout of this method and Fig. 8 combines and also can successfully distinguish independence, combination and fuzzy key marshalling in the one-period separately by driving adjacent drive wire simultaneously.Specifically, in the IACK of some prior aries keypad, can drive adjacent lines simultaneously and determine a Macintosh thus in an independent step, if press two adjacent level keys or two adjacent axial bonds, this mode will produce fuzzy result.This bluring needs second period to determine the time of day of switch arrays.Just solved this problem now because can pulse adjacent drive wire simultaneously, with unambiguous array information is provided and in independent one-period, accurately determine independent keys and effectively Macintosh group and.This method also can be used for key wherein be can independent addressing keypad, all be the keypad of an associated diode as each switch wherein.

Fig. 8 shows the hardware configuration of the method that realizes Fig. 6 and 7.Added sense wire 26 to measure the output of Macintosh 22.Drive wire 24 by independent keys 11 drives the special-purpose switch 21 of those Macintosh 22 inputs.Utilize tap input to be offered Macintosh 22 from the electric bridge 31 of drive wire 24 signals of independent keys 11.Sense wire 26 leads to processor 151.Thereby the switch that electrical information on the drive wire 24 picks out any Macintosh 22 or independent keys 11 can read on the sense wire 26.Preferred combination Fig. 6 and 7 method are used this information.

Fig. 9 shows the design of another kind of PCB, is applicable to the method for implementing Fig. 6 and 7.In this example, the drive wire 24 that is marked with DR2, DR4 and DR6 is directly given the switch feed of Macintosh 22.

Below with reference to Figure 10, finger 55 power that apply concentrate on its central area 34, and this power is positioned at crooked summit and concentrates on below the bone.Power is transmitted through central area 34, and points 55 outside and be obedient to and rising around the key range 11.Between the nonreentrant surface 38 of side of independent keys 11 and combination key region 22, formed local dent 136.Local dent 136 provides the difference in sense of touch between independent keys 11 and the Macintosh 22.

Figure 11 shows the finger 55 according to Macintosh 22.38 of convex shape are on the top of Macintosh 22, provided a rise surface of meeting with central area 34, but this rise does not have independent key region 11 to rise highly like that, independent key region 11 will rise than combination key region 22 height at least, this is because if resemble when placing finger 55 Figure 11 and triggering combination key region 22, and the degree that the finger 55 of meat gos deep into keypad is placed same finger Figure 10 and triggered doubling of keypad that adjacent independent key region 11 is goed deep into than resembling.Have sunk area 136 away from Macintosh 22 central areas 34, the power of these sunk area 136 separation fingers, thus further concentrate power in the central area 34, and help avoid power is distributed on bigger zone and the adjacent independent keys 11.So just increased power transmission through convex shape 38, thus allow finger 55 trigger Macintosh 22 (but it comprise below independent independent operation switch so that a very clear and definite haptic response to be provided) in reduce the possibility that triggers adjacent independent keys 11.Best relation between the diameter of the diameter of independent keys 11 and Macintosh 22 approximately is 1: 2.But Fig. 8 or 9 electronic equipment and the algorithm of Fig. 6 or 7 can allow inadvertently to trigger one or more adjacent independent keys 11, for example place inaccurate owing to finger or point reasons such as excessive.Tactile feedback (preferably giving very clear and definite sensory feedback of an input that is detected) is an importance of any keypad.When pressing Macintosh 22 or independent keys 11, these structures can provide independent, a very clear and definite tactile feedback in the IACK keypad.

Figure 12 shows the finger of pressing combination key region 22, and combination key region 22 has an effective even shape 140.In addition, but below the combination key region an independent independent operation switch a very clear and definite haptic response is provided.

Figure 13 shows the finger of the rise key range 11 of pressing keypad, and the keypad surface in the keypad is smooth substantially, and the independent keys 11 utilizations for example tactile element 142 of clear profile such as ring or edge are distinguished, and Macintosh 22 is recessed.

Figure 14 shows the keypad that removes from the shell 90 of related electronic device.Macintosh 22 and independent keys 11 separately is bonded on the elastic sheet 41.In order to increase the reliability of the stabilizing mechanical contact between actuator 36 and the snap domes 12, as shown in figure 15, the size of the elastic sheet 41 of manufacturing is smaller dimensionally with respect to limiting element 143, thereby elastic sheet 41 is in tension when assembling.In other words, elastic sheet 41 is that (promptly being in tension) is assembled on the limiting element after stretching.Stride across the distance of shell between limiting element 143 in other words greater than the distance between the relevant position feature 49 in the thin slice 41.But in one embodiment, after the residing position of the key of center (just as that key in the middle of here) is their assemblings should residing position; Key near the edge is bonded on the thin slice 41 in the position that the position, back is installed the closer to them more, so in case after installing (and thin slice 41 stretches), these keys have just correctly been located.Gap before size " X " expression is installed between the adjacent key.Similar with it, in one embodiment, the switch 48 residing positions of actuator 36 or metal dome 12 and dome are with respect to knocked-down thin slice 41 stagger (dislocation), thereby only after installation, the switch 48 that is printed on actuator 36, metal dome 12 and dome on the PCB 23 just aligns (as shown in figure 15).

With reference to Figure 15, when being installed, keypad uses the gap between " y " expression adjacent key.At the edge of typical keypad, the difference between (key of influenced maximum) " x " and " y " surpasses 20%, usually 20% to 80%.After the installation, key and actuator 36 just align with switch 48.The size design of keypad must be littler than the opening in the shell 90.Another kind of alternative method is to be fixed to bond structure on the elastic sheet under thin slice is in extended configuration, thus operating key clearance distance each other.When the elastic sheet 41a of the keypad of molded Figure 16, make it to have fold 47 or other elastic construction, for given tension force, they play the effect that keeps tension force in broad temperature range in elastic sheet.Distance between the limiting element is greater than the distance between the correspondence position feature 49 in the thin slice 41, thereby in the keypad after installation, fold 47 expands to a certain degree from its molded state.

Figure 17 shows an IACK keypad 10, comprises plastics (very hard) network structure, and about 0.5 to 1.0 millimeters thick forms continuous surface on whole keypad area, and porose on it, Macintosh 22 passes these holes and comes out.Dashed region is represented the scope of network structure 40.Because network structure 40 is plastic materials, it can use the shell 90 identical materials manufacturings with product self, and can connect together with product casing 90.Can on design flexibility, (, just eliminated the different materials color matching, needed) attractive in appearance, durability and cost, provide very important advantage like this with problems such as different instrument manufacturings owing to use same made.Do not use the subsides tile structure, so just eliminated the edge, thereby can not tangle fiber materials such as sweater.Part on independent keys 11 usefulness network structures 40 materials is risen and is provided, and utilizes the deflection of duroplasts to trigger.Macintosh 22 is the plastics that separate (very hard) keys that are arranged in the hole of network structure 40.Having enough deflections and stone keypad like this makes the user can experience tactile feedback.Can also provide additional groove to increase its flexibility at cancellated dorsal part, preferably in manufacture process, make fluid plastic flow along a common direction.Can attenuation so that the transitional region between shell and the key mat is tried one's best, perhaps make with the lower material of hardness, as polyurethane, thereby can have extra compliance at the edge of key mat.Those relative static parts (being independent keys 11 and network structure 40 in this example) can be called the panel of keypad together.

With reference to Figure 18, Macintosh 22 comprises that one little (projection) is outstanding, or hillock again, but the height of its aspect ratio independent keys 11 is much lower.Independent keys 11 is higher by about 0.25 to 0.75mm than Macintosh 22.Key from actuator 36 under the whole height on the highest surface above it, surface to make that the user points the distribution (central area 34) of most of power that curvature provides (higher at the center, reduce gradually towards the edge) be fit to the zone of Macintosh 22, comprise the state behind the trigger button dome 12.In another embodiment, independent keys 11 and Macintosh 22 have height about the same.Discontinuous key remains on the keypad 10 with elastic sheet 41.Although network structure 40 is rigidity, overall structure can move with respect to PCB23 and network structure 40 can move with respect to Macintosh 22.This deflection/mobile making it possible to operated the IACK keypad with the rigidity plastics surface.

Figure 19 shows an example, and wherein Macintosh 22 is together Unitarily molded with network structure 40, and independent keys 11 is discontinuous.The panel that can call keypad 10 together to motionless relatively part (being Macintosh 22 and network structure 40 in this example).When pressing Macintosh 22, deck deflection.

Again with reference to Figure 20, the oval elongated area of Macintosh 22 is labeled as " W " along its main shaft.In this embodiment, compare with 18 embodiment, increased the size of Macintosh 22 effectively with the additional width (the W scope is outer) of network structure 40 adjacency, thereby the distribution that helps the designer to make the user point applied force can not trigger protruding key with Figure 17.Be further noted that the protruding key 11 of unexpected triggering is acceptables, because unique harm is extra tactile feedback.The extra signal of the system that offers can not cause problem.Although network structure 40 is rigidity, overall structure can move with respect to PCB23, and network structure 40 can move with respect to independent keys 11.This deflection/mobile usefulness rigidity plastics panel operation IACK the keypad that makes it possible to.Discontinuous key utilizes elastic sheet 41 to remain on the keypad 10.By in independent keys 11 and Macintosh 22, all providing self-movement,, also can in same product, implement the embodiment of Figure 18 and 20 as long as allow network structure 40 to trigger the same long lower power deflection of stroke with key at least.

With reference to Figure 21 and 22, metal snap dome 12 has the central area 212 of rise, and it has formed in its edge is interrupted the 214 prone chambers 13 that limit by the geometry such as ridge that for example illustrate.Be interrupted 214 and be placed on above at least two switch contacts 16, these at least two switch contacts 16 are placed on the printed circuit board (PCB) 23 with being electrically insulated from each other usually.Metal snap dome 12 comprises edge 118, and edge 118 leans against on the switch elements different on another electricity, and this switch element is that signal is with reference to 224.Place actuator 36 to apply power to the central area 212 of rising and to move it thus.Should notice that power that actuator 36 applies is not delivered to PCB 23 (actuator 20 centers following) downwards, but, be meant the downside of the interruption 214 that is positioned at actuator center 17 radially outers in this example by off-centered material transfer.The size of actuator 36 applied forces is not to act on the point like this, but is distributed on the line, is a curve that has formed circular contact zone 230 in this example.Contact zone 230 approximately is 1/3 of metal dome 12 nominal diameters, has created " the 3rd " point or contact point (contact zone 230 in), they edge 118 and between equidistantly and the each interval approximately equal.Therefore when first switch element 16 of side contacts of being interrupted 214, moment can be applied on the contact point, and this moment loading contacts with second switch element 16 with the opposite side that forces interruption 214.Purpose is to make two or more electric wires that separate be connected to reliably in the common signal reference 224.Being interrupted 214 can be downward ring-shaped depression form, makes the central area 212 of rising rise with respect to the lower edge of being interrupted 214, but does not separate with the remainder of snap domes 12.

As shown in figure 22, dome along the contact zone 230 the contact three switch elements 16.Signal serves as the 4th element with reference to 224.Path 32 is connected to switch element 16 on the trace in the PCB lower floor.Each switch element 16 stretches in the angle [alpha] scope, and α approximately is 20 degree in this example, and adding up approximates 1/6 of contact zone 230 circumference be made up of switch element 16.Make a unsettled structure by handle and contacting of one or two switch element 16, the value that reduces α helps the purpose of the operating principle that Figure 21 explains.Even therefore set up two contacts, the power that is applied on the central axis 17 can apply the moment of increase to help to set up the contact between metal dome 10 and each switch element 16.The unsteadiness that contact button dome 12 is provided, near moment that is provided triping a little by contact and trace narrow increased local pressure, and they all are the foreseeable potential advantages of this method.Noting showing 16, two of three switch elements (and more among a small circle four) switch element 16 also can be benefited from this design.As shown in figure 23, interruption 214 can form has the separately ring of ridge part, selects the length of ridge to make it to be convenient to reliably to contact with each switch element 16 with the gap.

Can find the further feature of structure of small keyboard in following U.S. Patent application: the sequence number that on May 23rd, 2002 submitted to is 60/382,906; The sequence number that on October 21st, 2002 submitted to is 60/419,843; The sequence number that on December 9th, 2002 submitted to is 60/431,796; The sequence number that on February 3rd, 2003 submitted to is 60/444,227, here their content is incorporated herein by reference.

Some embodiments of the present invention have been described.But, should be appreciated that need not to depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention just can make various improvement.Therefore, other embodiment within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. key switch comprises:

Printed circuit board (PCB) (23) with a plurality of switch contacts (16) and reference trace (224), described a plurality of switch contacts (16) and described reference trace (224) are electrically insulated from each other usually; With

A metal snap dome (12) that is placed on above the printed circuit board (PCB) (23), dome (12) has the outer (118) that electrically contacts with reference trace (224), dome (12) has the rise central area (212) that has formed prone chamber (13), chamber (13) is limited by the ridge (214) that is placed on above the switch contact (16) at its edge, making when this snap domes of triggering central area (212) ridge (214) on every side cross in the annular contact zone (230) of switch contact cooperates with printed circuit board (PCB), realize electrically contacting between snap domes (12) and the switch contact (16), thereby be electrically connected switch element (224) and a plurality of switch contact (16).

2. key switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein annular contact zone (230) are approximately 1/3rd of metal dome (12) nominal diameter.

3. key switch as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein switch contact (16) is a wedge shape.

4. key switch as claimed in claim 3, wherein each switch contact (16) in the contact zone (230) circumferentially extend across about 20 the degree (α).

5. as the described key switch of any one claim in the claim 1 to 4, wherein switch contact (16) in the contact zone (230) each other approximately equidistantly place on every side.

6. as the described key switch of any one claim in the claim 1 to 5, its median ridge (214) has formed continuous ring.

7. as the described key switch of any one claim in the claim 1 to 5, its median ridge (214) comprises circle ridge section separately.

8. as the described key switch of any one claim in the claim 1 to 7, wherein snap domes (12) is placed on above three switch contacts that separate (16).

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