CN101036481B - Crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable and its preparing process - Google Patents

Crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable and its preparing process Download PDF

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CN101036481B
CN101036481B CN200710020754A CN200710020754A CN101036481B CN 101036481 B CN101036481 B CN 101036481B CN 200710020754 A CN200710020754 A CN 200710020754A CN 200710020754 A CN200710020754 A CN 200710020754A CN 101036481 B CN101036481 B CN 101036481B
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shitosan
subnano
class
ultra micro
calcium
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CN101036481A (en
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吴传万
杜小凤
王伟中
杨文飞
顾大路
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吴传万
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a fruit and vegetable natural antistaling agent containing 0.01% to 5% ultramicro sub-nano chitosan by weight, 0.01% to 5% fenugreek extract by weight, 0% to 6% organic acid by weight, 0% to 2% calcium salt by weight, 0% to 5% nonionic surfactant by weight, and water. The fruit and vegetable natural antistaling agent is prepared by the steps of weighing said raw materials according to the proportion, adding water and calcium salt into the reaction kettle, heating to 35 to 90 DEG C, slowly adding organic acid and ultramicro sub-nano chitosan, cooling to below 35 DEG C. after ultramicro sub-nano chitosan is dissolved fully, adding fenugreek extract and nonionic surfactant, and stirring intensively. The antistaling agent in the invention is provided with strong antibacterial performance, low cost, and simply preparation method, and is safe and nontoxic, and easy to acquire raw material, thereby the antistaling agent is beneficial to the health of the operators.

Description

A kind of crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to antistaling agent with its preparation method, be specifically related to a kind of crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, China's fruit, growing vegetables area enlarge rapidly, and annual production constantly increases, yet China region is wide, and weather conditions differ greatly, and the various places fruits and vegetables are inconsistent because of maturity period from different places, are to regulate market supply, need warehousing and long-distance transport.Fruits and vegetables generally lose about 20% even more from the sale of gathering, and this just requires good antiseptic preservation technology, to prolong storage period, reduce percentage of water loss and rotting rate.According to statistics, China's fruits and vegetables annual because of rotten cause with a toll of 75,000,000,000 yuan.Because Preservation Treatment is bad, the annual proportion of goods damageds of fruit are 20%~25%, and the proportion of goods damageds in vegetables every year are up to 30%, and the waste in fruits and vegetables every year reaches more than one hundred million tons.If can scientifically make good use of postharvest technology of fruits and vegetables, then the economic well-being of workers and staff of Zeng Jiaing is quite surprising.According to the planning of the Ministry of Agriculture, by 2010,45%~55% when agricultural products in China handling rate in postpartum will reach and produce, its treating capacity will very surprising, to be applied to preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing imperative and research and develop fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent.
Domestic and international application is more in the fresh-keeping antistaling agent kind of postharvest fruit and vegetable at present, mainly contain benzimidazole such as carbendazim, methyl mop Tianjin and organic bactericides such as imidazoles such as Shi Baoke, anticorrisive agent, methods such as useful in addition plastic foil, soft paper single fruit packing method and radiation, low temperature, air conditioned storage are carried out fresh-keeping.Though these methods are achieved success to a certain extent, all exist many shortcomings, can suppress the fruits and vegetables dehydration as plastic foil, rot and peculiar smell but easily cause; The air conditioned storage complicated operation, investment is big, is difficult for generally applying; And along with the continuous reinforcement of foodsafety and environmental consciousness, the application of the antisepsis antistaling agent of chemical synthesis in preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing also is subjected to more and more stricter control.Therefore, safe, nontoxic, noresidue, the development and application of crude antistaling agent efficiently have been subjected to widely and have paid attention to, and its R﹠D and promotion will have the vast market space.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable and preparation method thereof is provided, this antistaling agent bacteriostasis property is strong, safety non-toxic, draw materials conveniently, with low cost, the preparation method is simple for this antistaling agent, is of value to health of operators.
The present invention is the technical solution problem by the following technical solutions: it is to be that raw material adds water and mixes and to make with ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan, sophora alopecuroides extract, organic acid, calcium salt, non-ionic surface active agent, and its each weight percentages of components is respectively ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 0.01~5.0%, sophora alopecuroides extract 0.01~5.0%, organic acid 0~6.0%, calcium salt 0~2.0%, non-ionic surface active agent 0.0~5.0% and water surplus.
The preferred ultra micro Subnano-class of each weight percentages of components described in the present invention shitosan 0.2~3.0%, sophora alopecuroides extract 0.5~4.0%, organic acid 0.5~2.0%, calcium salt 0.2~1.5%, non-ionic surface active agent 0.5-4.0% and water surplus.
Preferred 300~1000 purpose shitosan superfines of the Subnano-class of ultra micro described in the present invention shitosan.
Sophora alopecuroides extract described in the present invention is the Sophora alopecuroides alkali with reference to the highly effective extraction method acquisition that CN1899364A extracts of Chinese patent sophora alopecuroide total alkaloid.
The preferred phytic acid of organic acid described in the present invention, linoleic acid, leukotrienes or its mixture.
The preferred calcium gluconae of calcium salt described in the present invention, calcium citrate, amino acid calcium, calcium chloride or its mixture.
The preferred tween series of non-ionic surface active agent described in the present invention, OP-7 to OP-10, NP-7 to NP-10 or peregal series.
The method that the present invention prepares above-mentioned crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable is: at first, take by weighing each raw material according to the above ratio; In reactor, drop into water and calcium salt then, be heated to 35~90 ℃, add organic acid and ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, adding sophora alopecuroides extract and non-ionic surface active agent stir and promptly get crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable.
It is anticorrosion and bactericidal agent that the present invention has adopted Nantural non-toxic, sophora alopecuroides extract that bacteriostasis property is strong, and adopting ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan is film forming agent, greatly improves its film forming and water-soluble.Can finish processing with machine spraying or manual smearing by direct or suitable thin up by the crude antistaling agent that the present invention produces, fruits and vegetables are handled the back and are formed one deck translucent biomembrane as thin as a wafer on its surface, reduce the fruits and vegetables moisture loss, suppress respiratory intensity, alleviate nutrient consumption, the strong inhibition fruits and vegetables rot to take place, delay the fruits and vegetables aging, keep fruit-vegetable quality.Therefore, compared with prior art, the present invention has following feature and advantage: (1) as medium, has significant environmental benefit and social benefit with water, is of value to health of operators, improves the fruits and vegetables edible safety; (2) easy to use, simple to operate, can be widely used in the preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing of the fruits and vegetables place of production, fruits and vegetables market, factory and enterprise and general family; (3) have simultaneously and film and the sterilization and anticorrosion function, can effectively reduce the fruits and vegetables water evaporates, suppress respiratory intensity, delay the fruits and vegetables aging, keep the interior quality and the color of fruits and vegetables.
The specific embodiment
Employed in the present invention term unless other explanation is arranged, generally has the implication of those of ordinary skills' common sense.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.Should be understood that these embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way.
Embodiment one:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 0.01%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 0.01%, phytic acid 0.2%, calcium gluconae 0.2%, Tween-80 0.2%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.2% calcium gluconae that measures, be heated to 35 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 0.2% phytic acid and 0.01% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, maintain the temperature at below 35 ℃, add 0.01% sophora alopecuroides extract and 0.2% Tween-80 stirs, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment two:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 0.8%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 1.6%, phytic acid 0.5%, leukotrienes 0.2%, calcium gluconae 0.3%, calcium chloride 0.5%, Tween-20 0.6%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.3% calcium gluconae and 0.5% calcium chloride that measures, be heated to 40 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 0.5% phytic acid and 0.2% leukotrienes and 0.8% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 1.6% sophora alopecuroides extract and 0.6% Tween-20 stirs, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment three:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 1.0%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 1.0%, phytic acid 0.4%, linoleic acid 0.3%, calcium chloride 1.0%, OP-10 0.8%, and surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 1.0% calcium chloride that measures, be heated to 50 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 0.4% phytic acid and 0.3% linoleic acid and 1.0% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 1.0% sophora alopecuroides extract and 0.8%OP-10 and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment four:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 1.5%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 0.8%, phytic acid 0.7%, leukotrienes 0.1%, calcium gluconae 0.4%, amino acid calcium 0.2%, NP-100.6%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.4% calcium gluconae and 0.2% amino acid calcium that measures, be heated to 60 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 0.7% phytic acid and 0.1% linoleic acid and 1.5% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 0.8% sophora alopecuroides extract and 0.6%NP-10 and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment five:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 2.0%, sophora alopecuroides extract 2.0%, phytic acid 0.6%, leukotrienes 0.2%, linoleic acid 0.2%, calcium gluconae 0.2%, calcium citrate 0.4%, 0P-81.0%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.2% calcium gluconae and 0.4% calcium citrate that measures, be heated to 70 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 0.6% phytic acid, 0.2% leukotrienes and 0.2% linoleic acid and 2.0% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 2.0% sophora alopecuroides extract and 1.0%OP-8 and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment six:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 2.5%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 2.5%, leukotrienes 1.0%, linoleic acid 0.2%, amino acid calcium 0.3%, calcium citrate 0.6%, OP-9 2.0%, and surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.6% calcium citrate and 0.3% amino acid calcium that measures, be heated to 80 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 1.0% leukotrienes and 0.2% linoleic acid and 2.5% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 2.5% sophora alopecuroides extract and 2.0%OP-9 and stir, promptly get antistaling agent of the present invention.
Embodiment seven:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 4.0%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 4.0%, phytic acid 2.0%, calcium gluconae 0.5%, calcium citrate 1.0%, NP-94.0%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.5% calcium gluconae and 1.0% calcium citrate that measures, be heated to 85 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 2.0% phytic acid and 4.0% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 4.0% sophora alopecuroides extract and 4.0%NP-9 and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment eight:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 5.0%, sophora alopecuroides extract 5.0%, phytic acid 2.0%, leukotrienes 2.0%, linoleic acid 2.0%, calcium gluconae 0.5%, calcium chloride 0.5%, amino acid calcium 0.5%, calcium citrate 0.5%, NP-75.0%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 0.5% calcium gluconae, 0.5% calcium chloride, 0.5% amino acid calcium and 0.5% calcium citrate that measures, be heated to 90 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 2.0% phytic acid, 2.0% leukotrienes and 2.0% linoleic acid and 5.0% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 5.0% sophora alopecuroides extract and 5.0%NP-7 and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment nine:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 3.5%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 3.5%, phytic acid 1.8%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into the water that measures, be heated to 60 ℃, add 1.8% phytic acid and 3.5% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 3.5% sophora alopecuroides extract and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
Embodiment ten:
It is as follows respectively to take by weighing raw material by weight percentage: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 4.5%, and sophora alopecuroides extract 4.5%, calcium gluconae 1.5%, surplus is a water, amounts to 100%; In reactor, drop into water and 1.5% calcium gluconae that measures, be heated to 65 ℃, stir to clarify transparent, add 4.5% ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan more at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add 4.5% sophora alopecuroides extract and stir, promptly get antistaling agent.
For further specifying crude antistaling agent of the present invention, test as follows to the preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing effect:
Get fresh fragrant-flowered garlic a kind of sedge of plucking the same day, inferior fragrant-flowered garlic a kind of sedge of removing mechanical damage or having disease and pest to endanger, again fragrant-flowered garlic a kind of sedge is immersed in 1min in the foregoing description one to embodiment ten prepared antistaling agent respectively, taking-up places the ceramic whiteware dish, after natural wind dries, be sub-packed in the 0.04mm polythene film bag, every bag of 1Kg, sack is tightened around twice with common rubber band, places normal temperature to descend fresh-keeping 15 days for 8~18 ℃ then, and its fresh-keeping effect is remarkable, wherein open rate of a kind of sedge bud and rotten index are 0, and fragrant-flowered garlic a kind of sedge good dish ratio is respectively 82%, 86%, 88%, 90%, 89%, 93%, 95%, 97%, 98% and 98%, and after testing, do not have the hazard residue thing in fragrant-flowered garlic a kind of sedge.The method is equally applicable to the fresh-keeping of freshs fruit of vegetables such as apple, orange, green pepper, common cattail.
The invention is not restricted to these disclosed embodiment; the present invention is with the described scope of soverlay technique scheme; and the various modification of claim scope and equivalence variation; under the prerequisite that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any modification or improvement that those skilled in the art that the present invention did are realized easily all belong to the present invention's scope required for protection.

Claims (1)

1. crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable, it is characterized in that: it contains ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan, sophora alopecuroides extract, calcium salt, organic acid, non-ionic surface active agent and water, each weight percentages of components is as follows: ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan 0.01~5%, sophora alopecuroides extract, 0.01~5%, organic acid 0~6.0%, calcium salt 0~2.0%, non-ionic surface active agent 0~5.0%, surplus are water; Described ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan is 100~1000 order shitosan superfine powders; Described sophora alopecuroides extract is the Sophora alopecuroides alkali with reference to the highly effective extraction method acquisition that CN1899364A extracts of Chinese patent sophora alopecuroide total alkaloid; Described organic acid is phytic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes or its mixture; Described calcium salt is calcium gluconae, calcium citrate, amino acid calcium, calcium chloride or its mixture; Described non-ionic surface active agent is tween series, OP-7 to OP-10, NP-7 to NP-10 or peregal series; Take by weighing raw material at first, by weight percentage; Then, in reactor, drop into water and calcium salt, be heated to 35~90 ℃, add organic acid and ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan at leisure, after treating that ultra micro Subnano-class shitosan all dissolves, be cooled to below 35 ℃, add sophora alopecuroides extract and non-ionic surface active agent and stir.
CN200710020754A 2007-03-24 2007-03-24 Crude antistaling agent for fruit and vegetable and its preparing process Expired - Fee Related CN101036481B (en)

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CN101301000B (en) * 2008-06-27 2011-08-31 中国农业大学 Fresh-keeping method of plum fruit
CN103947746B (en) * 2014-04-29 2016-01-13 中国科学院植物研究所 A kind of method of grape fresh-keeping
CN105053172A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-11-18 北京市农林科学院 Fresh keeping agent, preparation method thereof, and application of fresh keeping agent in fresh keeping treatment of dishcloth gourds
CN107410462A (en) * 2017-04-09 2017-12-01 湖南易科生物工程有限公司 A kind of compound method of leaf vegetables antistaling agent
CN107094877A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-08-29 芜湖扬展新材料科技服务有限公司 A kind of rice composite antistaling agent
CN107094875A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-08-29 普定县展翼养殖专业合作社 A kind of preservation method of grape
CN108713587B (en) * 2018-05-11 2021-07-09 广西大学 Preparation process for establishing composite edible preservative film on surface of fresh-cut purple Chinese yam
CN112655758B (en) * 2020-12-30 2024-02-27 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 Application of radix glycyrrhizae extract in preparation of fruit and vegetable preservative
CN114246209A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-29 海南金农实业有限公司 Litchi gas preservative and preparation method and use method thereof

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