CN1010289B - Low stress impact shearing method - Google Patents
Low stress impact shearing methodInfo
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- CN1010289B CN1010289B CN 88108351 CN88108351A CN1010289B CN 1010289 B CN1010289 B CN 1010289B CN 88108351 CN88108351 CN 88108351 CN 88108351 A CN88108351 A CN 88108351A CN 1010289 B CN1010289 B CN 1010289B
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to a low-stress impact shearing method in the field of metal processing. Cracks are artificially induced on rod materials, pipe materials and a plurality of section bars during the precise shearing of metal, so bodies with cracks are formed. The bodies with cracks are then impacted and sheared in a special mold so as to force materials to be sheared to shift accurately. Moreover, the cracks are expanded rapidly and regularly to eventually realize the precise separation of metal materials under low stress. The present invention provides a new precise shearing method with high efficiency, low consumption, wide application ranges and convenient application for a metal blanking technology.
Description
The invention belongs to the metal manufacture field, and be specifically related to a kind of shearing blanking method.
So-called technology for blanking is that metal bar, tubing and profile shapes etc. are separated into the former blank of fixed length so that carry out the post forming processing of part, or directly as finished parts for use, it is an important problems in the metal manufacture field.
Baiting method commonly used at present is a sleeve cutter punch die shearing method, this method can't be avoided because of the plastic deformation of shear zone material and the expansion of shear fracture line is difficult to control, make that the cutting member geometric distortion is big, tangent plane tilts uneven, can't satisfy of the required precision of various precise forming process, thereby hinder the application and the development of precise forming process, if adopt car, mill, methods such as saw, the cutting of sheet emery wheel produce the raw wool base former blank, then cause raw-material serious waste again, productivity ratio is also very low.So, recent two decades comes the home and abroad carrying out big quantity research aspect the raising metal cutting stock precision, and relevant paper comparison concentrated area is published on all previous " international cold forging meeting " (International cold forging congress) and " meeting of International Machine Tool design and research " (International machine tool design and research Conference).Related baiting method mainly contains four kinds:
First method-high speed shear method: the method is that metal material is placed in the particular manufacturing craft, shears with high energy rate forging hammer (generally greater than 10 meter per seconds).Its essence is the fragility fracture that impels material by the raising loading velocity, to improve shearing quality.The research of this respect is most representative to be the University of Birmingham of Britain, except that delivering a large amount of papers, corresponding patent such as GB1379896 etc. is also arranged.The equipment complexity that this method adopts, costliness, noise is big, and the shearing tool life-span is low.Simultaneously because this method can not realize the metal separation under the low stress level, and cutting member still has geometric distortion to a certain degree, and tangent plane can not be very smooth and vertical, for non-ferrous metal, the effect extreme difference of high speed shear.
Second method-low-cycle fatigue fracture method: this method is V-type groove of processing on the circumference of metal bar material, apply radial load at the blanking end then, make bar bear rotoflector, through behind certain stress-number of cycles, metal is promptly at former indentation, there rule breaking.This method has multinational patent, and as 703256,774830,774831,795761 etc. of the Soviet Union, these patented methods are the same, but the concrete structure difference of process unit.This method contacts with the reasonable of bar for guaranteeing load maintainer, and the length of blanking blank is restricted, the undercoat base can't or extremely difficult processing.Simultaneously, when fluting and rotoflector, bar must rotate, and this is disadvantageous for adding section chief's bar.If bar is straight (this is unavoidable often) not, then situation is more unfavorable, has to long bar is blocked short bar earlier for this reason, carries out the low-cycle fatigue fracture again, and this adds to the difficulties just for tissue production, and the waste raw material.And non-round bar is difficult to maybe can't use the method fracture.Moreover because the essence of this method is low-cycle fatigue fracture, although can quicken the crackle expansion by improving stress level, for guaranteeing the flatness of fracture, stress level does not allow any raising yet, so productivity ratio is always not high.The parting surface roughness that obtains with the method is bigger, influences the quality of some post forming technology even final products sometimes.Though carry out fracture production at available engine lathe aspect the technological equipment after repacking, because power consumption has peak value in this kind fatigue fracture process, and engine lathe does not have energy storage device, therefore can only do little work with large equipment.Make a general survey of this method, except some occasion (as plasticity relatively poor metal fracture) also has some superiority, in essence, it is inconvenient carrying out large batch of precise blanking production with the low-cycle fatigue fracture method.
The third method-axial pressure shearing method: this method is in the shear history of metal material, apply an axial compressive force from start to finish, to improve the hydrostatic pressure of shear zone material, increase plasticity, suppress the generation of shear fracture line, make plasticity cut the overall process that displacement can be extended to shearing, realize that finally the precision of material is separated.This method is proposed by Budapest, HUN engineering college at first, and patents, as GB1040804 etc.This method is very big for the required axial compressive force of ferrous metal, brings a series of technical problems that are difficult to overcome thus, as the difficult foundation of high axial compressive force, the adhesion of metal etc.Therefore this method generally only is applied to the light section accurate-shearing of the good non-ferrous metal of plasticity.The employed technological equipment complexity of this method, the shearing expense is higher, and productivity ratio is not high yet.
The 4th kind of method-radially clamp shearing method: this method is that bar is radially being sheared under the clamped condition, because bar is radially clamped, therefore, stoped curved in the bar material cutting process to incline, limited the axial elongation of material simultaneously, made the shear zone form certain hydrostatic pressure automatically.These all have certain benefit to improving shearing quality, but on mechanism, this method and the few of difference of general shear method, so the raising of shearing quality is limited.This method can also can produced on special equipment on the particular manufacturing craft, 470369,468714 etc. of the corresponding patent such as the Soviet Union.
Except four kinds of above-mentioned methods, also have the progressive shear method, low temperature shearing method etc., and the remodeling of above-mentioned the whole bag of tricks, but main be exactly above four kinds.
The objective of the invention is to: provide a kind of high efficiency at existing existing shortcoming of various blanking technology and limitation, low consumption, the widely applicable and novel precise cutting method being convenient to use, in order to from metal bar, tubing and most profile shapes, to isolate accurate monomer, as the former blank of post forming processing.In some cases also can be directly as finished parts for using.
The present invention is a basic principle of using fracture mechanics and metal physics, to the manual-induced crackle of metal material (comprising bar, tubing and most profile shapes), make it to become the band cracks in body, in particular manufacturing craft, carry out impact shear then, accurately be shifted to force being cut material, and make quick, the regular expansion of crackle, finally realize the precision separation of metal material under low stress level.
The present invention compares its advantage with existing baiting method and is: cutting member geometric accuracy height, tangent plane are smooth vertical, and no burr can satisfy the requirement of all precise forming process to former blank; The relative length of cutting member is not had strict restriction, relative length (being the ratio of length with the shear height of cutting member) but less than also accurate-shearing of 1 undercoat base; Material needn't rotate when shearing, and can directly produce so need not brachymemma in advance for long profiles; The productivity ratio height, per minute can be produced the dozens of blank; The stock utilization height is generally more than 99%.Energy consumption is lower than cutting method and other shearing method; Widely applicable, but the equal accurate-shearing of the bar of all ferrous metal and most of non-ferrous metal and alloy, tubing and most profile shapes; Technological equipment is simple, but both available conventional equipment without any repacking also design specialized equipment produce, die life height, therefore large and small factory is all easy to utilize.The present invention also can promote metal forming The Application of Technology and development except can directly embodying the huge economic benefit on blanking is produced.The piston pin in the engine for example, the present year output of China reaches tens million of, this part extrusion molding, therefore very high to the required precision of former blank, except tangent plane smooth vertical, the both ends of former blank should be undistorted (head promptly collapses), existing various blanking technology all can't satisfy these requirements, so each factory adopts sleeve cutter punch die to shear earlier, with the long steel bar customized cut-off, and then fall with the method for turning the head part car that collapses with former blank two ends.Also have part factory directly with the method for turning long steel bar to be cut into former one by one blank, no matter that a kind of method all causes raw-material serious waste, productivity ratio is also very low.If use low stress impact shearing method provided by the present invention, the former blank precision of gained height need not turning and can be directly used in extrusion molding, has both saved a large amount of raw material, and productivity ratio also can become several times to improve, this part only, and a year economic benefit can reach millions of units.
Fig. 1 is the employed particular manufacturing craft of bar material cutting and shears schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the employed particular manufacturing craft of pipe shearing and shears schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that profile shapes is sheared schematic diagram.
When enforcement is of the present invention, at first the round steel bar cylindrical is cut out the V-type groove of prescribed depth and angle, make rod iron become the band cracks in body, groove depth and rod iron diameter ratio are 0.035～0.050,45 °～90 ° of angles.This cannelure can be processed on engine lathe, also can process on custom-designed slot-cutting machine.The round steel bar that will have equidistant V-type groove then places and carries out impact shear in the particular manufacturing craft, shear rate gets final product at 3～4.5 meter per seconds, the structural principle of this mould as shown in Figure 1, place the rod iron [1] in the supporting base [3] to send to along the arrow A direction, advance apart from being controlled by locator [2], movable slider [6] is by guide pad [7] and limited block [4] guiding and spacing, hitting movable slider [6] with tup [5] shears, after shearing was finished, tup [5] rose, and movable slider [6] resets by elastomer [9].During feeding next time, outside blank [8] launch mode that has cut off.Device therefor can be common forging hammer (as pneumatic hammer), also can design special plane (as machine hammer etc.).Groover also can be combined in shearing equipment and becomes a process systems together, carries out automatic continuous production.
If when adopting the present invention to carry out the tubing accurate-shearing, at first tube outer diameter is cut out the V-type groove of the degree of depth and the angle of regulation, groove depth is 0.030～0.045 with the ratio of tube outer diameter, 45 °～90 ° of angles.This cannelure can be processed on engine lathe, also can process on special slot-cutting machine.The particular manufacturing craft that is used for pipe shearing as shown in Figure 2, tubing [1] placed send to along the arrow A direction in the supporting base [3], advance apart from controlling by locator [2], is furnished with floating core rod [12] in the tubing, movable slider [6] is by guide pad [7] and limited block [4] guiding and spacing, in the shearing section of tubing, is furnished with movable plug [11], it is by elastic bearing discharger [10] guiding and spacing, hitting movable slider [6] with tup [5] shears, blow speed is 3～4.5 meter per seconds, and tup [5] rose after shearing was finished, and movable slider [6] resets by elastomer [9], movable subsequently plug [11] moves to left, and scrapes outside the depanning by the pipe [8] that elastic bearing discharger [10] will overlap thereon.The position of movable plug [11] when I is represented to shear among the figure; The position of movable plug [11] when II is represented discharging.
When application the present invention shears profile shapes, the groove depth of its V-type groove is 0.035～0.050 with the ratio of maximum shear height, angle is 45 °～90 °, its mould structure principle is identical with Fig. 1, but the interior hole shape in supporting base [3] and the movable slider [6] should be complementary with the profile shapes section, Fig. 3 is the shearing schematic diagram of I shape section bar, and [1] is the I shape section, and the V-type groove that processing earlier connects is all given on its upper and lower plane; [3], [6] expression supporting base and movable slider, hole shape and I shape section [1] are complementary arrow A ' expression shear direction in it.The blow speed of tup [5] is 3～4.5 meter per seconds.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of low stress impact shearing method that belongs to the metal manufacture field, earlier with the manual-induced crackle of metal material, make it to become the band cracks in body, place then and carry out impact shear in the particular manufacturing craft, when to bar, when the metal material of tubing and part profile shapes is sheared, earlier at the prefabricated V-type groove of metal material surface, it is characterized in that: the angle of V-type groove is 45 °-90 °, the groove depth of V-type groove is 0.035-0.050 with the ratio of diameter of rod, or the ratio of the groove depth of V-type groove and tube outer diameter is 0.03-0.045, or the ratio of the groove depth of V-type groove and the maximum shear height of part profile shapes is 0.035-0.050, places then in the particular manufacturing craft and carries out impact shear with the blow speed of 3-4.5 meter per second.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108351 CN1010289B (en) | 1988-12-12 | 1988-12-12 | Low stress impact shearing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108351 CN1010289B (en) | 1988-12-12 | 1988-12-12 | Low stress impact shearing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1035971A CN1035971A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
| CN1010289B true CN1010289B (en) | 1990-11-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108351 Expired CN1010289B (en) | 1988-12-12 | 1988-12-12 | Low stress impact shearing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1010289B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059143C (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 2000-12-06 | 王怀章 | Combined precision rod shearing machine and its combination shearing method |
| CN100453204C (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2009-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Bars and tubes material unsymmetrical radial welding punched high performance precision blanking method |
| CN102240828A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-16 | 大连大金马基础建设有限公司 | Cutting machine for steel bars |
| USD1012142S1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2024-01-23 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Strut shearing die |
| USD1016111S1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2024-02-27 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Strut shearing die |
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| CN100364704C (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2008-01-30 | 邬龙达 | Automatic steel tube feeding unit |
| CN101941096B (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2012-07-04 | 袁正敏 | Ring-cylinder and ring-cutter type reshear |
| CN102315088A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-01-11 | 上海华碧检测技术有限公司 | Dyeing method for flip chip package product |
| CN103008433B (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-10-15 | 西安交通大学 | Low-stress and high-efficiency precise blanking method for medium-high frequency inductive heating of rod tube material |
| CN103143647B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-03-11 | 林小平 | Micro-scale shaft cutting die |
| CN103331396A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-10-02 | 南京惠德机械有限公司 | Portable wire rod manual sheering device |
| EP3075478B1 (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2019-07-31 | NSK Ltd. | Method for manufacturing annular member |
| CN104191026A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-10 | 湖州宏鑫铝业有限公司 | Aluminum bar cutting device |
| CN104858492B (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2017-03-01 | 上海交通大学 | Pre- impression speed change shearing blanking method |
| CN106041195B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of two-sided high speed shear method of the low stress of radial constraint metal bar material |
| CN109530784B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2021-01-29 | 西安科技大学 | Pneumatic control's accurate separator is cuted to two sections |
| CN109702067B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2023-11-10 | 浙江长兴和良智能装备有限公司 | Spinning method for pipe fitting and spinning machine with improved structure |
| CN110014071B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-07-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pneumatic impact low-stress blanking device |
| CN111299469A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江广厦建设职业技术学院 | Steel bar cutting device for building engineering |
-
1988
- 1988-12-12 CN CN 88108351 patent/CN1010289B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059143C (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 2000-12-06 | 王怀章 | Combined precision rod shearing machine and its combination shearing method |
| CN100453204C (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2009-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Bars and tubes material unsymmetrical radial welding punched high performance precision blanking method |
| CN102240828A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-16 | 大连大金马基础建设有限公司 | Cutting machine for steel bars |
| CN102240828B (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2013-03-20 | 大连大金马基础建设有限公司 | Cutting machine for steel bars |
| USD1012142S1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2024-01-23 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Strut shearing die |
| USD1016111S1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2024-02-27 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Strut shearing die |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1035971A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
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