CN101019311A - A method and apparatus for pre-conditioning an electrical signal - Google Patents
A method and apparatus for pre-conditioning an electrical signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101019311A CN101019311A CNA2005800302142A CN200580030214A CN101019311A CN 101019311 A CN101019311 A CN 101019311A CN A2005800302142 A CNA2005800302142 A CN A2005800302142A CN 200580030214 A CN200580030214 A CN 200580030214A CN 101019311 A CN101019311 A CN 101019311A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001915 proofreading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G11/00—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G11/00—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general
- H03G11/008—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general of digital or coded signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0475—Circuits with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/66—Clipping circuitry being present in an amplifier, i.e. the shape of the signal being modified
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70706—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation with means for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio
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Abstract
Iterative pre-conditioning of an electrical signal for supply to an amplifier, comprising : a first pre-conditioning iteration comprising limiting the amplitude of the electrical signal to produce a limited signal; generating a difference signal for subtracting the electrical signal from the limited signal; and generating an output signal by subtracting the difference signal from the limited signal; at least one further iteration comprising the steps of: Limiting the amplitude of the output signal of the previous iteration to produce a subsequent limited signal; generating a subsequent difference signal by subtracting the electrical signal from the subsequent limited signal; and generating an output signal by subtracting the subsequent difference signal from the subsequent limited signal.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus that is used for the preconditioned signal of telecommunication.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus, it is used for the preconditioned signal of telecommunication with the influence of compensating non-linear amplifier to this signal.
Amplifier only trends towards showing the substantially linear response to input signal on limited scope.When input signal had the bigger amplitude of variation, for those part input signals that exceeded with the corresponding signal level of beginning of basic nonlinear characteristic, because the amplifier nonlinearity characteristic, amplifier can produce the distortion of output signal.
Can solve the problems referred to above by being manufactured on the amplifier that has linear characteristic on the spreading range.Yet, in order to guarantee can not produce significant distortion, need know the maximum intensity of input signal, thereby guarantee enough amplifier scopes.
Alternatively, filtering is carried out in output that can pair amplifier, but in some applications, the level of distortion that system specifications allowed may mean that the filter of producing the filter characteristic that suits the requirements is infeasible technically.
WO 02/089315 has discussed a kind of method of coming the signal of telecommunication is carried out preconditioned before amplifying by the amplitude of restricting signal.This method comprises carries out amplitude limit to signal, and deducts not poor between the amplitude limit and limitation signal subsequently, thereby produces the output conditioned signal.This method has obtained such signal, and in described signal, the amplitude of the peak value in the signal has been limited, but the amplitude of the signal under the limits value remains unchanged substantially.It has such effect,, has increased the spectral weight away from the input signal of interested signal band that is.WO 02/089315 has mentioned and can use filter that out of band signal is suppressed within the permissible range.Yet, may be difficult to be designed for the suitable filter of inhibition zone external signal fully.
WO 02/089315 also mentions and can carry out iteration (iterate) to improve convergence to this method.It has been set forth following stages and has had single input from the output of prime, and carries out identical method.Yet,, have adverse effect to the power consumption of disposal ability and equipment for convergence signal to acceptable level may be needed the several times iteration thereupon.In addition, error can be propagated (propagate) to next iteration from an iteration.
The present invention seeks to improve the performance of the signal of telecommunication preconditioned of iteration.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of the signal of telecommunication that offers amplifier is carried out the method for preconditioned iteratively, this method comprises:
Carry out the first preconditioned iteration, it comprises the steps:
The amplitude of the restriction signal of telecommunication is to produce limitation signal;
Produce difference signal to deduct the signal of telecommunication from limitation signal; And
Produce difference signal by deducting the signal of telecommunication from limitation signal;
Carry out at least one further iteration, it comprises the steps:
The amplitude of output signal that limits previous iteration is to produce follow-up limitation signal;
Produce follow-up difference signal by deducting the signal of telecommunication from follow-up limitation signal; And
Produce output signal by deducting follow-up difference signal from follow-up limitation signal.
Therefore will be appreciated that subtraction only is to add negative, and comprise for the explanation of subtraction adding negative.
By utilizing original input signal to produce to run through the difference signal of all iteration stages, rather than the output of first prime, can not accumulate thereby restrain time error fast when signal iteration and signal.
Preferably, at least one iteration is included in and produces the step that output signal is carried out filtering to difference signal before.
Preferably, if iteration comprises the described step of difference signal being carried out filtering, then this iteration comprises that further the step that postpones limitation signal is to allow the step by the delay of filter step introducing.
Preferably, at least two iteration comprise that filter step and filter characteristic change between each iteration.
Preferably, the amplitude of the limitation signal that produces at least one iteration depends on by the amplitude of the signal of telecommunication of preconditioned.The amplitude of limitation signal is to be used to refer to such amplitude, is restricted in the amplitude of the above signal of this amplitude, or the amplitude peak of limitation signal.
Preferably, the amplitude of limitation signal is set at a value, is used to prevent that the signal amplitude of preconditioned from surpassing and the corresponding signal amplitude of the beginning of basic nonlinear response.
Preferably, the amplitude of limitation signal changes between each iteration.
Preferably, the signal of telecommunication is the telecommunication signal that is used to broadcast.
According to a second aspect of the invention, it provides a kind of the signal of telecommunication that offers amplifier has been carried out the circuit of preconditioned, and this circuit comprises:
First iterative part, it comprises:
Amplitude limiter, it is used to limit the amplitude of the signal of telecommunication to produce limitation signal;
By deducting the device that the signal of telecommunication produces difference signal from this limitation signal; And
By deducting the device that difference signal produces output signal from this limitation signal;
And at least one successive iterations part, it comprises:
Amplitude limiter, its amplitude of output signal that is used to limit previous iteration is to produce follow-up limitation signal;
By deducting the device that the signal of telecommunication produces follow-up difference signal from this follow-up limitation signal; And
By deducting the device that follow-up difference signal produces follow-up output signal from this follow-up limitation signal.
Preferably, realize the assembly of circuit by digital signal processor.
Preferably, this circuit comprises a plurality of successive iterations parts that are connected in series.
Preferably, at least one in the iterative part comprises filter, and it is used for before producing output signal difference signal being carried out filtering.
Preferably, if iterative part comprises filter, then this iterative part further comprises delay element, with the delay that allows to be introduced by this filter.
Preferably, at least two iterative part comprise filter, and filter characteristic changes between each part.
Preferably, the amplitude of limitation signal changes between each iteration.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, provide a kind of telecommunication installation, it comprises preconditioned circuit according to a second aspect of the invention, and is used for amplifier that conditioned signal is amplified.
Preferably, described device comprises predistorter and filter, and wherein predistorter carried out predistortion to conditioned signal before amplifying, and filtering is carried out in the output of filter pair amplifier.
Now will be by only describing embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of example, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic block diagram of the emission element of telecomm base station, and wherein said base station comprises the circuit that the method according to this invention is operated;
Fig. 2 shows the functional block diagram according to electronic circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the functional block diagram according to the parts of electronic circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 4 show compare with the known iterative method discussed among the WO 02/089315, according to the curve chart of the baseband spectrum of the WCDMA signal of preconditioned of the present invention; And
Fig. 5 show with WO 02/089315 in the known iterative method compare with primary signal and according to the curve chart of the CCDF of the WCDMA signal of preconditioned of the present invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, the shared public reference number of similar terms among the different figure.
With reference to figure 1, it shows the schematic diagram of the base station 10 that is used to broadcast telecommunication system electromagnetism telecommunication signal 14, that be connected to antenna 12.Base station 10 comprises and transmits and receives parts.Fig. 1 only shows the emission element relevant with describing the present invention.Other conventional components of base station just are not shown in order to know.
The emission element of base station 10 comprises a plurality of electronic equipments, and it is used for input electrical signal 16 is processed into the output signal of telecommunication 18 that is used to offer broadcast antenna 12 emissions.The base station comprises modulator 19, preconditioned equipment 20, pre-distortion arrangement (pre-distortion device) 22, power amplifier 24 and filter 26.
The signal of base station processing components is applicable to uses amplitude modulation(PAM) coding or composite coding (complex encode) (that is, amplitude and phase modulated) to handle electric telecommunication signal.Below discuss and will focus on the telecommunication system that utilizes the CDMA encoding scheme, although described circuit and method are applicable to any signal of telecommunication, the wherein said signal of telecommunication has utilized the amplitude modulation(PAM) with high peak power and average power ratio.This often is called as peak averaging value ratio or peak-average ratio.
Amplifying stage 24 is conventional power amplifiers, and it all will show the substantially linear response up to following input signal power level, wherein will show significant nonlinear response after described input signal power level.Filtering stage 26 is high-power RF filters of conventional design basically.Yet the filter characteristic of filter 26 will determine that wherein the base station is moved by following telecommunications scheme under described telecommunications scheme, thereby the acceptable level of the outer distortion of telecommunication signal band is provided, and wherein broadcast telecommunication signal 14 on described telecommunication signal band.
For example, under existing CDMA scheme, the GHz of broadcast spectrum partly is divided into a plurality of bands, its each band has the width of 5MHz basically, and each broadcasting must not produce the distortion that is higher than level as described below in the phase adjacent band, and described level is by the effective defined acceptable level of telecommunication standard at that time.Therefore, the filter characteristic of selective filter 26 reaches telecommunication standards specifications to guarantee out-of-band distortion.
Fig. 2 shows the functional block diagram of signal pre-conditioner level 20.Preconditioned circuit 20 is realized by digital signal processor.
Fig. 2 shows the signal pre-conditioner device of the iteration with 3 levels 21.Each level 21 disposes input reference signal 33.Reference signal 33 is identical with the input signal 16 that does not apply signal processing.Each grade 21 also has another input of presenting with the output of first prime, perhaps under the situation of the first order, has the initial input signal.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the circuit that is used to realize each iteration 21, and it shows by the function of digital signal processor support and should correspondingly understand it.Iterative circuit comprises amplitude limiter or copped wave assembly 30, its with the restriction of amplitude of the signal of telecommunication or copped wave to maximum.The input of input electrical telecommunication signal 31 as amplitude limiter 30 is provided, and is limited or the signal of copped wave from amplitude limiter 30 outputs.
Iterative circuit also comprises coupling unit 32, provides reference signal 33 and limitation signal to this coupling unit.Coupling unit 32 deducts reference signal 33 from described limitation signal.To be appreciated that subtraction function is the problem of is-symbol regulation only, and add that negative is equal to and deduct positive number.Filter 34 also is provided, provides from the difference signal of coupling unit output to it.Delay element 35 will postpone to introduce limitation signal, and wherein said delay is corresponding to the delay that is incorporated into by filter in the difference signal.At last, circuit comprises another coupling unit 36, provides the limitation signal and the filtered difference signal of delay to it.Coupling unit 36 deducts filtered difference signal and produces output signal 37 from postponing limitation signal, and is same, the problem of subtraction is-symbol regulation.
Output signal 37 is provided as an input of next iteration stages, and the initial input signal is as benchmark.The output of the third level has formed conditioned signal.
Usually, will determine the characteristic of filter 34 by using preconditioned circuit and method.Filter 34 is used to select partial frequency spectrum, and described frequency spectrum will be used for proofreading and correct limitation signal by final accumulator stage 36.Filter can have the optional position of passband, and described passband has only by any width that is included in the amount of energy restriction in the difference signal.The amplitude of difference signal has determined to have the output signal of how many preconditioned to exceed initial restriction.
Passband to filter 34 is selected, with respect in the various bands and the band outer standard final conditioned signal is optimized.Best solution will be the fine equably solution that satisfies all standards.
If a kind of standard is compared more difficult satisfied with another kind, then may concentrate the sort of standard is proofreaied and correct, thereby when still meeting all standards, be difficult to driving amplifier.In this specific example, the out-of-band distortion standard be difficult to satisfy, and is that cost is proofreaied and correct it with other distortion (being inband distortion in this case) therefore.Also may need and obtain opposite situation; , then be that cost is improved inband distortion promptly with the out-of-band distortion if the standard of application-specific is needed.The precise design of filter characteristic is that careful optimization and its depend on by the signal of preconditioned and standard.To be appreciated that the characteristic of filter can be different in each iteration.
Self adaptation copped wave function can also be provided, and wherein the amplitude according to input signal is provided with the copped wave restriction.The intensity of measuring input signal 31 exceeds the amount of following signal strength signal intensity to determine it, and described signal strength signal intensity is corresponding with the beginning of the basic nonlinear characteristic of amplifier.Subsequently, the amount that input signal exceeds described level is used to actual copped wave level is set, thereby it is many more to make that input signal exceeds beginning intensity, in fact is used for the copped wave level of signal copped wave just low more.This can be used to guarantee that the output of conditioned signal is lower than the corresponding actual signal level of beginning with the basic nonlinear characteristic of amplifier.Can calculate by the formula that utilization is stored in the memory, or, determine the copped wave level of employed reality according to the look-up table in the memory of being stored in from result of the test.
Self adaptation copped wave feature and iterative characteristic can in conjunction with, thereby make that for each iterative step, employed actual copped wave level can change.
In an alternate embodiment, the filter 34 in first iteration can have simple design, and the iteration of back can be utilized complicated more filter.This is because the iteration of back will be proofreaied and correct any error of introducing than simple filter.In the present embodiment, the complexity of the structure of preconditioned circuit and design has been reduced.
Although illustrative embodiment has 3 iteration, the present invention can utilize the iteration of any amount that makes progress from 2 iteration to come work.
Although in the background of telecommunication system, described described method and apparatus, but will be appreciated that, Fig. 2 and 8 preconditioned Method and circuits can be used for carrying out preconditioned to having high peaks with any signal of telecommunication mean value ratio, that will be exaggerated, so that reduce the distortion about nonlinear amplifier with interested amplifying signal adjacency.Described Method and circuits is applicable to the signal of telecommunication of any amplitude modulation, comprises the complex modulated signal that use amplitude and phase place are encoded to information.
Although above-mentioned explanation of the present invention is to implement under the background in the Digital Signal Processing at base band place, can locates to utilize simulated assembly to carry out conditioned signal at base band, some intermediate frequency (IF) and even radio frequency (RF) and handle.
The present invention has produced more pure frequency spectrum, compare with previous alternative manner, itself thus have the characteristics of signals of improvement.Fig. 4 shows the baseband frequency spectrum of third generation mobile signal, specifically, is 2 tones (2-tone) WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)) that used among the WO 02/,089,315 2 iteration of the method described and preconditioned method of the present invention to it.Frequency spectrum 44 is corresponding to the present invention, and frequency spectrum 42 is corresponding to the method for describing among the WO 02/089315.There is the power that reduces significantly at frequency place away from desired signal.Thus, compare with the alternative manner of WO02/089315, for identical signal processing amount, method of the present invention provides more remarkable performance.
Fig. 5 shows the minimizing of the peak-average ratio (peak-to-mean) of same signal.It is the curve chart of CCDF (CCDF), and the probability of the power threshold of expression signal overshoot.The figure shows between the peak-average ratio between the method (line 52) of method of the present invention (line 54) and WO 02/089315 and do not have difference basically.The present invention has also demonstrated the remarkable improvement of comparing with the primary signal that does not apply preconditioned (line 56).
As the measurement of inband distortion,, utilize Agilent ESG-D4433 signal generator and Agilent E4406A VSA signal analyzer that composite error amplitude of the vector (EVM) is tested for single carrier wave.As percentage of amplitude, EVM is poor between the demodulated signal received and the ideal signal.In the precision of testing equipment, there is not difference between the method for method of the present invention and WO 02/089315.Two methods have all provided the result of 6.6% average EVM.
In a word, compare with the method for WO 02/089315, method of the present invention has produced purer output spectrum, and peak-average ratio and the not degeneration of EVM performance.
Claims (19)
1. method of iteratively signal of telecommunication that offers amplifier being carried out preconditioned, this method comprises:
Carry out the first preconditioned iteration, it comprises the steps:
Amplitude to the signal of telecommunication limits to produce limitation signal;
Produce difference signal to deduct the signal of telecommunication from limitation signal; And
Produce difference signal by deducting the signal of telecommunication from limitation signal;
Carry out at least once further iteration, it comprises the steps:
Amplitude to the output signal of previous iteration limits to produce follow-up limitation signal;
Produce follow-up difference signal by deducting the signal of telecommunication from follow-up limitation signal; And
Produce output signal by deducting follow-up difference signal from follow-up limitation signal.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least iteration is included in and produces the step that output signal is carried out filtering to difference signal before.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, if wherein iteration comprises the described step of difference signal being carried out filtering, then iteration comprises that further the delay limitation signal is to allow the step by the delay of filter step introducing.
4. as the method for claim 2 or 3, wherein at least two iteration comprise filter step, and filter characteristic changes between each iteration.
5. any one method in the claim as described above, wherein the amplitude of the limitation signal that produces at least iteration depends on by the amplitude of the signal of telecommunication of preconditioned.
6. any one method in the claim as described above, wherein at least iteration, the amplitude of limitation signal is set to a value, is used to prevent that the signal amplitude of preconditioned from surpassing and the corresponding signal amplitude of the beginning of basic nonlinear response.
7. any one method in the claim as described above, wherein the amplitude of limitation signal changes between each iteration.
8. any one method in the claim as described above, wherein the signal of telecommunication is the telecommunication signal that is used to broadcast.
9. one kind is carried out the circuit of preconditioned to the signal of telecommunication that offers amplifier, and this circuit comprises:
First iterative part, it comprises:
Amplitude limiter, it is used to limit the amplitude of the signal of telecommunication to produce limitation signal;
By deduct the device that the signal of telecommunication produces difference signal from limitation signal; And
By deduct the device that difference signal produces output signal from limitation signal;
And at least one successive iterations part, it comprises:
Amplitude limiter, its amplitude of output signal that is used to limit previous iteration is to produce follow-up limitation signal;
By deducting the device that the signal of telecommunication produces follow-up difference signal from follow-up limitation signal; And
By deducting the device that follow-up difference signal produces follow-up output signal from follow-up limitation signal.
10. circuit as claimed in claim 9, wherein the assembly of circuit is realized by digital signal processor.
11. as any one the circuit in claim 9 or 10, it comprises a plurality of successive iterations parts that are connected in series.
12. as any one the circuit in the claim 9 to 11, wherein at least one in each iterative part comprises and is used for before producing output signal difference signal being carried out filter filtering.
13. as the circuit of claim 12, if wherein iterative part comprises filter, then iterative part further comprises the delay of delay element to allow to be introduced by filter.
14. as the circuit of claim 12 or 13, wherein at least two iterative part comprise filter, and filter characteristic changes between each part.
15. as any one the circuit in the claim 9 to 14, wherein the amplitude of limitation signal changes between each iteration.
16. a telecommunication installation, it comprises that wherein amplifier is connected to the fixedly output of iterative part, is used to amplify conditioned signal as any one preconditioned circuit and the amplifier in the claim 9 to 15.
17., and comprise as the device of claim 16: predistorter, it carried out predistortion to conditioned signal before amplifying; And filter, filtering is carried out in the output of its pair amplifier.
18. one kind basically as the described with reference to the accompanying drawings method of the signal of telecommunication being carried out preconditioned in front.
19. one kind basically as the described with reference to the accompanying drawings circuit that the signal of telecommunication is carried out preconditioned in front.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0419905A GB2418087B (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2004-09-08 | A method and apparatus for pre-conditoning an electrical signal |
| GB0419905.5 | 2004-09-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101019311A true CN101019311A (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| CN100576723C CN100576723C (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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| GB2418087B (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2008-03-19 | Filtronic Plc | A method and apparatus for pre-conditoning an electrical signal |
| FI20065649A0 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2006-10-12 | Nokia Corp | Method, blade module and transmitter |
| US8306162B2 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | Motorola Solutions, Inc. | Method and apparatus for complementary cumulative distribution driven level convergence for spectrum sensing |
| US8917141B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2014-12-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Radio frequency power amplifier circuit and method |
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| US6396344B1 (en) * | 1997-01-18 | 2002-05-28 | Charles Gentzler | Amplifier linearization by learned linear behavior |
| US6504862B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2003-01-07 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and apparatus for reducing the ratio of peak to average power in a Gaussian signal including a CDMA signal |
| GB0110106D0 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2001-06-20 | Filtronic Plc | Electrical signal preconditioning |
| US7015751B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2006-03-21 | Simon Fraser University | Decorrelated power amplifier linearizers |
| US7110445B2 (en) | 2001-08-28 | 2006-09-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Oversampled clip-shaping |
| WO2003075457A2 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-12 | Andrew Corporation | Apparatus and method for reducing peak-to-average signal power ratio |
| US6809587B2 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2004-10-26 | Mitec Telecom Inc. | Active predistorting linearizer with agile bypass circuit for safe mode operation |
| EP1396970B1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-04-14 | Alcatel | Method for scaling signal peaks and corresponding transmitter |
| US6812792B2 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-11-02 | Harris Corporation | Precorrection of a nonlinear amplifier |
| US6922103B2 (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2005-07-26 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparatus for low intermodulation distortion amplification in selected bands |
| GB2418087B (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2008-03-19 | Filtronic Plc | A method and apparatus for pre-conditoning an electrical signal |
| WO2007149346A2 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-27 | Pulsewave Rf, Inc. | Radio frequency power amplifier and method using a controlled supply |
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| US7639077B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
| US20090015325A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| EP1787387B1 (en) | 2010-02-03 |
| CN100576723C (en) | 2009-12-30 |
| GB2418087A (en) | 2006-03-15 |
| WO2006027583A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
| GB2418087B (en) | 2008-03-19 |
| DE602005019243D1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
| GB0419905D0 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
| ATE457095T1 (en) | 2010-02-15 |
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