CN101016477A - Method of reducing acid value for crude oil - Google Patents

Method of reducing acid value for crude oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101016477A
CN101016477A CN 200710054032 CN200710054032A CN101016477A CN 101016477 A CN101016477 A CN 101016477A CN 200710054032 CN200710054032 CN 200710054032 CN 200710054032 A CN200710054032 A CN 200710054032A CN 101016477 A CN101016477 A CN 101016477A
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China
Prior art keywords
crude oil
acid
lowering agent
metal compound
oil
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CN 200710054032
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CN100523135C (en
Inventor
崔中强
崔新安
申明周
彭松梓
楚喜丽
段永峰
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Sinopec Luoyang Guangzhou Engineering Co Ltd
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Sinopec Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corp
China Petrochemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method to drop crude oil acid value, which comprises the following steps: adding 0.02-2% basylous agent accounted of raw oil total weight into raw oil or flash raw material; heating-up to 170-400 deg.c gradually; reacting at 0.1-0.5 h; adding into 0.02-2% basylous agent accounted of raw oil total weight; mixing; reacting 0.5-10 h continually; cooling; getting the end raw oil; making the basylous agent to be composed by 80-98% material with at least one functional group-NH2 and 2-20% alkali metallic compound or alkaline earth compound. The deacidifying ratio of this method can reach above 80%.

Description

A kind of method that reduces acid value for crude oil
Technical field
The invention belongs to the acid reduction method of acid-containing raw oil, specifically, be a kind ofly to reduce acid value for crude oil, thereby solve the naphthenic acid corrosion problem of crude oil with high acid value inferior in the course of processing by adding acid lowering agent.
Background technology
At present, along with the quickening of oil production paces and the increase of mining depth, petroleum resources poor qualityization trend is accelerated day by day both at home and abroad, and high-sulfur, peracid, heavy crude exploitation ratio continue to increase, processing high-sulfur, peracid, heavy crude have brought serious equipment corrosion problem to processing industry.Especially the existence of naphthenic acid in the crude oil with high acid value causes corrosion to hardware, causes the equipment early failure, and reduces the stability of oil product.Therefore, should before refining of petroleum, manage to reduce acid value for crude oil or eliminate its corrodibility.
Owing to the boiling point higher (205~370 ℃) of naphthenic acid, be present in the high temperature position of oil refining apparatus more.Its corrosion generally occurs in 230~420 ℃ of temperature ranges, and in Crude Oil Processing, the corrosion of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is the most serious.In order to reduce acid-containing raw oil corrodibility, satisfy the processing request of refinery, taked multiple anticorrosive measure both at home and abroad, mainly comprise: (1) height acid number crude oil mixing; (2) add alkali neutralization or depickling from crude oil; (3) filling inhibiter; (4) upgrade of material etc., these methods have all obtained certain effect, but its use range and limitation are also arranged.
Wherein mix refining with low acid number crude oil, method is simple, has but wasted high-quality crude oil, and is subjected to the restriction of low acid number oil supply amount and reserves; The method of annotating alkali once was extensive use of in China's refinery, effect is also good, but in the alkali and need use a large amount of neutralizers, and can not regenerate, the process cost height, moreover because most of naphthenates itself are exactly strong emulsifying agent, can cause oil-water emulsion serious, separation difficulty, alkaline consumption increases, and also brings some environmental problems simultaneously; Depickling from crude oil needs a large amount of solvents, and the recovery cost of solvent is too high, and industrial being difficult to bears; The filling inhibiter is a kind of important method, but inhibiter in the past mostly is amine, amides and imidazolines, and high temperature easily decomposes down, and the exploitation of high-temperature corrosion inhibitor that is that all right is ripe, seldom use at the scene; The alloy of anti-naphthenic acid corrosion costs an arm and a leg, and the upgrade of material cost is too high.
Patent has also been introduced the method that much removes naphthenic acid both at home and abroad, as ammonia alcoholic solvent extraction process, and the hydrofining method, esterification process etc., these methods all have its use range and limitation: solvent extration solvent recuperation cost is too high, and industrial being difficult to bears; Hydrofining method facility investment height, process cost is also high; The recovery of alcohol excess is a problem in the esterification process.
Patent US6258258 has introduced a kind of ammonia that adopts and has handled the method that reduces acid value for crude oil.This method adopts gaseous deacidification agent ammonia, and suitable ammonia source and transportation condition of storage be arranged, and running cost is increased, and excess of ammonia gas needs special device to recycle, and increases investment.And this method reaction times is long, lacks actual application value.
Patent US4752381 has introduced a kind of method that adopts in the monoethanolamine and reduce the distillate acid number.The de-acidying agent that this method is used is different with the present invention, and sour decreasing ratio is low, and depickling after cut oleic acid value is still higher, influences following process and quality product.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to that the prior art acid removal rate is low, shortcomings such as long reaction time and complicated operation, and provide a kind of method that adopts acid lowering agent to transform naphthenic acid in the crude oil.
The invention provides a kind of method that reduces acid value for crude oil, at crude oil or through adding the acid lowering agent that accounts for crude oil gross weight 0.02~2% in the crude oil of flash distillation earlier, be warming up to 170~400 ℃ gradually, after reacting 0.1~0.5h under this temperature, add the acid lowering agent that accounts for crude oil gross weight 0.02~2% again, mix and also to continue reaction 0.5~10h, cooling promptly gets crude oil after the depickling, and described acid lowering agent is by accounting for acid lowering agent gross weight 80~98% at least a functional groups-NH that contain 2Material and account for the alkali metal compound of acid lowering agent gross weight 2~20% or alkaline earth metal compound is formed.
Functional groups-the NH that contains of the present invention 2Material have: methylamine, ethamine, dimethylamine, quadrol, propylene diamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, trolamine, Yi Bingchunan, diisopropanolamine (DIPA), diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine or tetraethylene pentamine etc.
Described alkali metal compound and alkaline earth metal compound are its oxyhydroxide, phosphoric acid salt, hydrophosphate etc., are preferably potassium hydroxide, potassiumphosphate or potassium hydrogen phosphate etc., these compounds can be fast in and a spot of mineral acid in the crude oil, generate stable salt; Phosphoric acid salt also has corrosion inhibition, adds above-mentioned substance in right amount and can effectively reduce acid value for crude oil.
Generally, the acid number of flash distillation overhead product can not considered its corrodibility less than 0.5mgKOH/g, only crude oil after the flash distillation is carried out depickling and gets final product.But work as crude flashing overhead product acid number greater than 0.5mgKOH/g, then directly crude oil is carried out depickling.
The crude oil of the present invention after to flash distillation carries out depickling, both can increase the acid starting material oil treatment amount that contains, and can reduce the vaporization of low-boiling point material in the treating processes again.In addition, the present invention is effective equally to fraction oil deacidification.
Adopt standard method to measure the acid number of crude oil before and after the depickling, prove use the inventive method depickling after acid value for crude oil can reduce more than 80%, crude oil before and after the depickling is carried out Infrared spectroscopy, spectrogram demonstration, 1708cm after the depickling -1The carbonyl absorption peak of place's carboxylic acid disappears substantially, shows that naphthenic acid is transformed.
The present invention compared with prior art because used acid lowering agent adds at twice, the naphthenic acid molecule reaction that acid lowering agent can be stronger with activity can not make too fierceness of neutralization reaction again like this; Isothermal reaction 0.1~0.5h adds the residue acid lowering agent, can make the also fully reaction of active more weak naphthenic acid molecule, and the naphthenic acid in the crude oil is fully transformed, and effectively reduces acid value for crude oil.After using the inventive method in addition, behind naphthenic acid in the crude oil and the acid lowering agent generation chemical reaction, generate cycloalkanoimide, nontoxic, need not from crude oil, to remove, be present in the crude oil, do not influence oil property, also have certain corrosion inhibition, the corrosion in the time of both can alleviating crude distillation, also can improve yield, increase the economic benefit of oil refining enterprise.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail with specific embodiment below, but these embodiment do not limit use range of the present invention.
Embodiment one (Comparative Examples)
In the 5L closed reaction vessel, add South Sea crude oil 2kg, its acid number is 3.21mgKOH/g, and acid lowering agent is a quadrol, and the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 0.32% (weight), stir speed (S.S.) is 200rpm, heat temperature raising to 280 ℃ reacted 6 hours, after cooling in confined conditions, the mixture acid number is 1.16mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 63.8%.
Embodiment two
With embodiment 1, just (diethylenetriamine: triethylene tetramine: form by 93.5% by tetraethylene pentamine=1: 2: 2) enamine mixture and 6.5% potassium hydroxide for acid lowering agent, the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 0.31% (weight), stir speed (S.S.) is 300rpm, heat temperature raising to 280 ℃ reacted 5 hours, after cooling in confined conditions, the mixture acid number is 0.60mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 81.3%.
Embodiment three
Stock oil is with embodiment 1, acid lowering agent consisted of the potassiumphosphate of 80% triethylene tetramine and 20% and potassium hydroxide (1: 1, weight ratio), the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 0.44% (weight), and stir speed (S.S.) is 500rpm, in confined conditions heat temperature raising to 350 ℃, reacted 2 hours, after cooling, the mixture acid number is 0.46mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 85.7%.
Embodiment four
With embodiment 1, acid lowering agent consists of 96.5% triethylene tetramine and 3.5% potassium hydroxide, the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 0.42% (weight), stir speed (S.S.) is 400rpm, heat temperature raising to 320 ℃ reacted 3 hours, after cooling in confined conditions, the mixture acid number is 0.63mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 80.3%.
Embodiment five
With embodiment 1, acid lowering agent consisted of the potassiumphosphate of 88% monoethanolamine and 12% and potassium hydroxide (1: 1, weight ratio), the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 1.66% (weight), and stir speed (S.S.) is 300rpm, in confined conditions heat temperature raising to 280 ℃, reacted 8 hours, after cooling, the mixture acid number is 0.53mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 83.4%.
Embodiment six
South Sea crude oil is carried out flash distillation, and the cut of getting greater than 150 ℃ is a raw material, and its acid number is 3.16mgKOH/g.Acid lowering agent consisted of the potassiumphosphate of 90% diethanolamine and 10% and potassium hydroxide (1: 1, weight ratio), the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 2.24% (weight), stir speed (S.S.) is 300rpm, heat temperature raising to 300 ℃ reacted 4 hours, after cooling in confined conditions, the mixture acid number is 0.50mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 84.2%.
Embodiment seven
Stock oil is LIAOHE CRUDE, and acid number is 5.05mgKOH/g.Acid lowering agent consists of 96.5% triethylene tetramine and 3.5% potassium hydroxide, the acid lowering agent consumption accounts for stock oil 0.42% (weight), stir speed (S.S.) is 300rpm, heat temperature raising to 320 ℃ in confined conditions, reacted 3 hours, after cooling, the mixture acid number is 0.89mgKOH/g behind the measured reaction, and sour decreasing ratio is 82.4%.

Claims (4)

1. method that reduces acid value for crude oil, it is characterized in that this method is: at crude oil or through adding the acid lowering agent that accounts for crude oil gross weight 0.02~2% in the crude oil of flash distillation earlier, be warming up to 170~400 ℃ gradually, after reacting 0.1~0.5h under this temperature, add the acid lowering agent that accounts for crude oil gross weight 0.02~2% again, mix and also to continue reaction 0.5~10 h, cool and promptly get crude oil after the depickling, described acid lowering agent is by 80%~98% at least a functional groups-NH that contains 2Material and 2%~20% alkali metal compound or alkaline earth metal compound form.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: contain functional groups-NH in the described acid lowering agent 2Material be methylamine, ethamine, dimethylamine, quadrol, propylene diamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, trolamine, Yi Bingchunan, diisopropanolamine (DIPA), diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine or tetraethylene pentamine.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described alkali metal compound or alkaline earth metal compound are oxyhydroxide, phosphoric acid salt or the hydrophosphates of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described basic metal or alkaline earth metal compound are potassium hydroxide, potassiumphosphate or potassium hydrogen phosphate.
CNB200710054032XA 2007-03-05 2007-03-05 Method of reducing acid value for crude oil Expired - Fee Related CN100523135C (en)

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CN100523135C CN100523135C (en) 2009-08-05

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102533443A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-04 代洪达 Method for refining cracking biodiesel to fuel oil of internal combustion engine
CN101665716B (en) * 2009-09-22 2013-03-13 江汉大学 Composite deacidification agent and method for recovering naphthenic acid from oil

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101665716B (en) * 2009-09-22 2013-03-13 江汉大学 Composite deacidification agent and method for recovering naphthenic acid from oil
CN102533443A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-04 代洪达 Method for refining cracking biodiesel to fuel oil of internal combustion engine
CN102533443B (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-12-04 代洪达 Method for refining cracking biodiesel to fuel oil of internal combustion engine

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Publication number Publication date
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Address after: 100029 Beijing City, Chaoyang District Hui Street No. 6

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