CN101015874A - Electric spark/electrochemical machining method and device for bent hole - Google Patents
Electric spark/electrochemical machining method and device for bent hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN101015874A CN101015874A CN 200710064289 CN200710064289A CN101015874A CN 101015874 A CN101015874 A CN 101015874A CN 200710064289 CN200710064289 CN 200710064289 CN 200710064289 A CN200710064289 A CN 200710064289A CN 101015874 A CN101015874 A CN 101015874A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A spark/electrolyte processing method and relative device of bended hole comprise a workbench with two rotation freedoms, a work-piece fixed on the workbench, an electrode, an electrode direction controller, a feeding driver, and a work liquid container which contains work liquid. The electrode direction controller can keep the electrode vertically all time and the feeding driver can drive the electrode along the axis of target hole. And when processes straight hole, the workbench and the work-piece should hole constant directions, when processes bended hole, the workbench and work-piece should rotate all time. Compared with present technique, the invention can simplify the electrode direction control, and realize three-dimension bended hole, or the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the special process field in the machining, be specifically related to adopt electric spark/Electrolyzed Processing principle that bent hole is carried out the method for microfabrication, also relate to the device of realizing this method.
Background technology
The processing problems of bent hole is not allow the problem of avoiding in the Modern Manufacturing Technology.When designing casting mould, be the casting quality that guarantees workpiece for example, must consider how strict its cooling procedure of controlling.For this reason, the cooling hole with particular cross section and trend need be left, in order to feed cooling fluid around the die cavity in metal mold.By the flow velocity and the temperature of control cooling fluid, just can control the cooling procedure of workpiece.Calculate cross section and the trend can draw the cooling hole through science, but these holes often bend in three dimensions all, the cooling hole that processes with existing manufacturing means is very difficult to adhere to specification fully.Now general way is, the polygon that is interconnected to constitute with several simple straight holes comes the bent hole on the approximation theory, gambles firmly technology aperture with sealing again.Though this polygonal hole can play certain cooling effect, produced two adverse consequences: 1. owing to use the approximate curved hole of straight hole, the distance that causes cooling off hole and workpiece does not wait, and inhomogeneous cooling is even, easily causes casting flaw.2. cool off the junction liquid flow situation complexity in hole, cause cooling effect instability (Tohru ISHIDA, Yoshimi TAKEUCHI. " Development of Automatic Discharge Gap Controller for Curved Hole Machining ", Proceedings of The 13th International Symposium for Electromachining ISEM XIII, vol.1, pp63-73,2001.).Therefore new bent hole processing method must be set up, castability could be guaranteed.
Traditional cutting working method is difficult to finish the processing of bent hole, and electric spark and Electrolyzed Processing are carved the prefered method that firm characteristics become present stage bent hole processing because of it to soften.The research of electric spark/electrolysis bent hole processing aspect mainly concentrates on Japan.Scientist (the Tohru ISHIDA of communication university of NEC, Yoshimi TAKEUCHI. " Development of AutomaticDischarge Gap Controller for Curved Hole Machining ", Proceedings of The 13thInternational Symposium for Electromachining ISEM VIII, vol.1, pp63-73,2001.) proposed to utilize marmem to realize arcing distance control, utilize servomotor, the creeping crawling mechanism that lametta and helical spring are formed is as the electric spark bent hole processing scheme of feeding control.The scientist of Mitsubishi's electronics and Toyota Motor Corporation (A Goto, KWatanabe, A Takeuchi. " A Method to Machine a Curved Tunnel With EDM ", InternationalJournal of Electrical Machining, No.7, pp43-46,2002.) proposed to use the spring that bends in advance to drive and turn to the electric spark bent hole processing scheme of driving as the electrode feeding.The scientist of Nissan Motor has also proposed the electrolysis electrode piecemeal is realized the scheme of bent hole processing.These schemes all adopt open loop control mode bar none aspect the control of electrode direction, the precision of processing is restricted.The scheme that Mitsubishi's electronics and the scientist of Toyota Motor Corporation propose even be difficult to realize the processing in three dimensions any direction hole.The reason that these problems produce is the feed function branch of the direction control function of electrode and electrode not to be come, all concentrate on the electrode these two functions, wish that it can realize feeding, can adjust sensing automatically again, and neither one reference accurately in adjusting the process of pointing to, so the scheme according to this thinking design can only adopt the electrode direction control mode of open loop, even also is difficult to realize the processing in three-dimensional any direction hole.
Summary of the invention
Bent hole processing method machining accuracy is poor at having now, the problem of machining 3 D curvature of space hole difficulty, the present invention proposes a kind of electric spark/electrochemical machining method and device thereof of bent hole, can realize the processing of three dimensions bent hole at an easy rate, propose to realize the device of this method simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
1) workpiece to be processed is fixed on the workbench, workpiece and workbench all are immersed in the working solution, and described workbench has two rotational freedoms;
2) before the processing beginning, adopt servicing unit to help feed drive unit to enter workpiece inside, prepare the prefabricated straight hole that has identical cross-sectional shape with target hole on the servicing unit in advance, feed drive unit is put into prefabricated straight hole together with electrode, send the feeding signal by the electrical signal line in the electric liquid signal pipe line to feed drive unit, drive electrode progressively enters workpiece inside;
3) the feed drive unit drive electrode makes electrode point to vertical all the time along the axis feeding of target hole;
4) if will process straight hole, then need in electrode feeding process, the direction of workbench and workpiece be remained unchanged; If will process bent hole, then need workbench and workpiece are constantly rotated.
The inventive method step 2) feed drive unit adopts creeping crawling mechanism in.
The present invention also provides a kind of bent hole electric spark/electrolytic machining device of realizing said method, it is characterized in that: this device comprises workbench with two rotational freedoms, is fixed on workpiece, electrode, feed drive unit and electrode direction controlling organization on the workbench and the working fluid container that fills working solution; Described electrode direction controlling organization comprises the twin-jet nozzle that is connected with rigid electrode, is arranged on the weight that dangles, side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve, fluid pressure drive device and hydraulic oil source between the twin-jet nozzle, and fluid pressure drive device is made up of hydraulic cylinder and plunger; Described hydraulic cylinder is rigidly attached on the feed drive unit; Plunger is connected with electrode by sliding pair; The input of described side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve links to each other with fluid pressure drive device with hydraulic oil source by conduit under fluid pressure respectively with output, the side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve links to each other with the output of twin-jet nozzle by hydraulic control pipeline road, and described twin-jet nozzle links to each other with hydraulic oil source by fixed orifice.
Feeding of the present invention drives the dress back of the body and adopts creeping crawling mechanism, this creeping crawling mechanism by preceding chucking body, back chucking body with before and after being arranged on the electrostriction ceramics between the chucking body form.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: adopt workpiece and workbench to rotate and the constant scheme of the sensing of electrode, make the control of electrode direction in the bent hole processing obtain simplification, can easily realize the processing in three-dimensional bending hole, the precision of the scope of expanded hole processing and the processing of raising bent hole.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 utilizes servicing unit to help climbing mechanism to enter the work schematic diagram of workpiece process.
Work schematic diagram when Fig. 2 processes straight hole for the present invention.
Work schematic diagram when Fig. 3 processes bent hole for the present invention.
Fig. 4 a, 4b, 4c, 4d have represented the sequence of movement of creeping crawling mechanism in the cycle of creeping respectively.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of electrode direction controlling organization of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1-electricity liquid signal pipe line; The 2-working solution; The 3-workpiece; The 4-workbench; The 5-electrode; 6-electrode direction controlling organization; 7-creeping crawling mechanism; The initial surface of 8-; The 9-target hole; The 10-working fluid container; Tighten body behind the 11-; The 12-electrostriction ceramics; Chucking body before the 13-; The 14-plunger; The 15-hydraulic cylinder; 16-side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve; The 17-weight that dangles; The right delivery outlet of 18-twin-jet nozzle; The 19-twin-jet nozzle; The 20-fixed orifice; The left delivery outlet of 21-twin-jet nozzle valve; The 22-hydraulic oil source; The 23-servicing unit; The prefabricated straight hole of 24-.
Specific implementation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing operation principle of the present invention, the course of work and the specific embodiment are further described
Electric spark/the electrolytic machining device of bent hole provided by the invention, comprise the workbench 4 with two rotational freedoms, the working fluid container 10 that is fixed on workpiece 3, electrode 5, electrode direction controlling organization 6, feed drive unit, the servicing unit 23 on the workbench and fills working solution 2, feed drive unit can adopt creeping crawling mechanism 7.
The specific implementation method of bent hole electric spark/Electrolyzed Processing such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3: before the processing beginning, adopt servicing unit 23 to help feed drive unit to enter workpiece 3 inside.Be shaped on the prefabricated straight hole 24 that has identical cross-sectional shape with target hole 9 on the servicing unit 23 in advance, creeping crawling mechanism 7 all is placed in the prefabricated straight hole 24 together with electrode 5, electrode direction controlling organization 6.Servicing unit 23 has initial surperficial 8 of target hole 9 on a surface and the workpiece to fit, just the aim at the mark original position in hole 9 of prefabricated straight hole 24, and electrode 5 is towards initial surperficial 8.Earlier send the driving signal of creeping to coating surface 8 by the electrical signal line in the electric liquid signal pipe line 1 to creeping crawling mechanism 7, it is close to the original position of target hole 9 to drive electrode 5.Workbench 4 drives workpiece 3 and adjusts attitude simultaneously, makes target hole 9 also be in vertical in original position.
The realization that straight hole is partly processed is as shown in Figure 2: during the processing straight hole, need in electrode feeding process the direction of workbench and workpiece be remained unchanged.Electrode 5 guarantees to be in vertical by electrode direction controlling organization 6.Under the driving of creeping crawling mechanism 7, electrode 5 punches vertical downwards, because this moment, workpiece 3 can be regularly towards the space arbitrary orientation, so the target hole of being got 9 can be towards arbitrary orientation in the coordinate system that is connected with workpiece.And the orientation is here controlled by workbench 4 fully.That is to say, when electrode 5 arrives ad-hoc location in workpiece coordinate system, adjust the dimensional orientation of workpiece 3, just can in workpiece, get needed straight hole part in desired optional position by the pivot angle of adjusting workbench 4.
The realization that bent hole is partly processed is as shown in Figure 3: during the processing bent hole, need workbench and workpiece constantly be rotated.Creeping crawling mechanism drive electrode is done crawling exercises, the orientation of workpiece 3 is different in different time sections, and electrode 5 points to the plummet direction always, so in the coordinate system that is connected with workpiece, the direction of motion of electrode 5 is different in the different time periods, and the target hole of getting 9 also will be crooked.Change the speed of workbench 4 swings, just can change the curvature of the bent hole of being got 9.By coordinating creeping of control workbench 4 angles of oscillation, swing speed and creeping crawling mechanism 7, just can in workpiece 3, appointed positions process desired bent hole.
The structure of creeping crawling mechanism and the course of work as shown in Figure 4, this mechanism by preceding chucking body 13, back chucking body 11 with before and after being arranged on the electrostriction ceramics 12 between the chucking body form.From left to right four width of cloth figure have represented the sequence of movement of creeping crawling mechanism 7 in the cycle of creeping respectively among the figure.Preceding chucking body 13 in the structure, back chucking body 11 by electromagnetic force or electrostriction ceramics control, can tighten hole wall respectively, also can unclamp.Earlier by back chucking body 11 chucking hole walls, and preceding chucking body 13 unclamps during work, feeding electrostriction ceramics 12 elongations then, thereby make the electrode direction controlling organization 6 of front and electrode 5 march forward to.The chucking body can both tighten hole wall reliably before and after under normality (power-down state).The profile of chucking body needs not to be circular or a certain specific simple shape, and it can make needed shape according to actual.
The structure of electrode direction controlling organization is as shown in Figure 5: the electrode direction controlling organization comprises the twin-jet nozzle 19 that is connected with rigid electrode, is arranged on the weight 17 that dangles, side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve 16, fluid pressure drive device and hydraulic oil source 22 between the twin-jet nozzle, and fluid pressure drive device is made up of hydraulic cylinder 15 and plunger 14; Described hydraulic cylinder is rigidly attached on the feed drive unit; Plunger is connected with electrode 5 by sliding pair; The input of described side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve 16 links to each other with fluid pressure drive device with hydraulic oil source by conduit under fluid pressure respectively with output, the side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve links to each other by the output of hydraulic control pipeline with twin-jet nozzle 19, and described twin-jet nozzle links to each other with hydraulic oil source by fixed orifice 20.Electrode 5 can be reflected in twin-jet nozzle 19 distances with respect to the corner of the weight 17 that dangles and dangle on the range difference of weight 17 both sides.Actual stabilization process is: when swing takes place workpiece 3, the creeping crawling mechanism 7 that is arranged in target hole 9 will rotate with workpiece, and the weight 17 that dangles is because the effect of gravity keeps vertical.If this moment, electrode 5 was not positioned at plummet direction (such as partially in the left side of plumb line), the nozzle on the left side will become greatly to the distance of the weight 17 that dangles in the twin-jet nozzle 19 so, and the right nozzle will reduce to the distance of the weight that dangles.According to the twin flapper-and-nozzle valve principle, 18 hydraulic pressure of locating of the right delivery outlet of twin-jet nozzle will be greater than 21 hydraulic pressure of locating of left delivery outlet of twin-jet nozzle valve.And this hydraulic pressure difference will act on the spool two ends of side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve 16, thereby spool is moved to the left, the left-hand component that pressure oil enters hydraulic cylinder 15 through side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve 16, thus electrode 5 deflection to the right promoted, get back to the plumb position until electrode.At this moment, the right delivery outlet 18 of twin-jet nozzle, 21 liang of point pressures of the left delivery outlet of twin-jet nozzle valve equate that the spool of spool-type valves 16 is replied meta under the effect of centralizing spring, make hydraulic cylinder 15 choke-outs, and electrode 5 just is stabilized in vertical.The operation principle of only having drawn in paper plane electrode direction controlling organization 7 among Fig. 5, the realization of stabilized electrodes direction is identical therewith on perpendicular to the paper plane direction.
Claims (4)
1. the electric spark/electrochemical machining method of a bent hole is characterized in that this method carries out as follows:
1) workpiece to be processed is fixed on the workbench (4), workpiece and workbench all are immersed in the working solution (2), and described workbench has two rotational freedoms;
2) before the processing beginning, adopt servicing unit (23) to help feed drive unit to enter workpiece (3) inside, prepare in advance on the servicing unit and target hole (9) has the prefabricated straight hole (24) of identical cross-sectional shape, feed drive unit is put into prefabricated straight hole together with electrode (5), send the feeding signal by the electrical signal line in the electric liquid signal pipe line (1) to feed drive unit, drive electrode progressively enters workpiece inside;
3) feed drive unit drive electrode (5) makes electrode point to vertical all the time along the axis feeding of target hole (9);
4) if will process straight hole, then need in electrode feeding process, the direction of workbench and workpiece be remained unchanged; If will process bent hole, then need workbench and workpiece are constantly rotated.
2. it is characterized in that: step 2 in accordance with the method for claim 1) described in feed drive unit adopt creeping crawling mechanism (7).
3. realize the electric spark/electrolytic machining device of the bent hole of method according to claim 1 for one kind, it is characterized in that: this device comprises the workbench (4) with two rotational freedoms, the working fluid container (10) that is fixed on workpiece (3), electrode (5), electrode direction controlling organization (6), the feed drive unit on the workbench and fills working solution (2); Described electrode direction controlling organization comprises and the rigidly connected twin-jet nozzle of electrode (5) (19), be arranged on the weight that dangles (17), side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve (16), fluid pressure drive device and hydraulic oil source (22) between the twin-jet nozzle, and fluid pressure drive device is made up of hydraulic cylinder (15) and plunger (14); Described hydraulic cylinder is rigidly attached on the feed drive unit; Plunger is connected with electrode (5) by sliding pair; The input of described side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve (16) links to each other with fluid pressure drive device with hydraulic oil source by conduit under fluid pressure respectively with output, the side valve type hydraulicdirectional control valve links to each other by the output of hydraulic control pipeline with twin-jet nozzle (19), and described twin-jet nozzle links to each other with hydraulic oil source by fixed orifice (20).
4. according to the electric spark/electrolytic machining device of the described bent hole of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described feed drive unit adopts creeping crawling mechanism, this creeping crawling mechanism by preceding chucking body (13), back chucking body (11) with before and after being arranged on the electrostriction ceramics (12) between the chucking body form.
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| CN 200710064289 CN101015874A (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2007-03-09 | Electric spark/electrochemical machining method and device for bent hole |
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| CN 200710064289 CN101015874A (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2007-03-09 | Electric spark/electrochemical machining method and device for bent hole |
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| CN102133665A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-07-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○四研究所 | Full peripheral process unit for electric erosion machining valve bushes |
| CN103611994A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-03-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Complex-surface recast-layer-free single/group-hole multi-station electric spark-electrolytic machine tool |
| CN103781581A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-05-07 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Electrochemical machining tool and electrochemical machining system |
| CN104588804A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-05-06 | 常州先进制造技术研究所 | Electrochemical machining device for small bent deep holes |
| CN104625261A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 富泰华精密电子（郑州）有限公司 | Electrochemical machining device and method |
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| CN110719824A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2020-01-21 | 三菱日立电力***株式会社 | Electrolytic machining method, method for manufacturing perforated member, electrode for machining, and electrolytic machining system |
| CN111408804A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-14 | 常州工学院 | Gap-adjusting type bent hole electrolytic machining device and method |
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| CN103781581A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-05-07 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Electrochemical machining tool and electrochemical machining system |
| CN103781581B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2016-03-30 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Electrochemical machine tool and electrochemical machining system |
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| CN104755215A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-07-01 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Electrochemical machining tool, electrochemical machining system, and perforated member manufacturing method |
| CN104625261A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 富泰华精密电子（郑州）有限公司 | Electrochemical machining device and method |
| CN103611994B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2016-08-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | Complex-curved list without recast layer/group hole Multi-station electrical spark-electrolytic machine tool |
| CN103611994A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-03-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Complex-surface recast-layer-free single/group-hole multi-station electric spark-electrolytic machine tool |
| CN104588804A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-05-06 | 常州先进制造技术研究所 | Electrochemical machining device for small bent deep holes |
| CN104741711A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 华南理工大学 | Asymmetrical-depth micro-groove electrode and method for electrical discharge machining micro-bending holes by application of the same |
| CN106392215A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-02-15 | 通用电气公司 | Electrochemical machining system and method of machining a conductive work piece |
| CN106238838A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for electrochemically machining ellipsoidal bamboo joint hole |
| CN106346092A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 中国航天科技集团公司烽火机械厂 | Machining method of shell blind hole curve |
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| CN110719824A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2020-01-21 | 三菱日立电力***株式会社 | Electrolytic machining method, method for manufacturing perforated member, electrode for machining, and electrolytic machining system |
| CN110719824B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2022-05-24 | 三菱动力株式会社 | Electrolytic machining method, method for manufacturing perforated member, electrode for machining, and electrolytic machining system |
| CN109365930A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-22 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | A kind of electric discharge machining apparatus and method in spatially spiral hole |
| CN109365930B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-04-17 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Electric spark machining device and method for spatial spiral hole |
| CN111408804A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-14 | 常州工学院 | Gap-adjusting type bent hole electrolytic machining device and method |
| CN111408804B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-12-18 | 常州工学院 | Gap-adjusting type bent hole electrolytic machining device and method |
| CN113441800A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Space curve slot hole processingequipment based on expend with heat and contract with cold driven |
| CN113441799A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Space curve slot hole processingequipment based on rope drive |
| CN113441800B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-10-11 | 重庆理工大学 | Space curve slot hole processingequipment based on expend with heat and contract with cold driven |
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