CN101007766A - Method for catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate - Google Patents

Method for catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101007766A
CN101007766A CN 200610161595 CN200610161595A CN101007766A CN 101007766 A CN101007766 A CN 101007766A CN 200610161595 CN200610161595 CN 200610161595 CN 200610161595 A CN200610161595 A CN 200610161595A CN 101007766 A CN101007766 A CN 101007766A
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Prior art keywords
carbonate
methylcarbonate
methyl amyl
diamyl
catalyzer
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李永昕
薛冰
郭玉华
李军奇
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Jiangsu Polytechnic University
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Jiangsu Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a catalyzing and synthesizing method of ethyl propyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate, which is characterized by the following: selecting alkaline metal or alkaline metal salt or hydroxide as catalyst as well as zeolite molecular sieve or active charcoal immersed by alkaline metal or alkaline metal salt or hydroxide; adopting DEC and normal propyl alcohol as raw material; improving the transmitting rate of DMC to 100% and selectivity of ethyl propyl ester carbonate to 96.1%.

Description

The method of a kind of catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate
Technical field
The present invention relates to process for catalytic synthesis, refer in particular to the method for a kind of catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate.
Background technology
Dialkyl carbonate is the important carbonic ether of a class, has wide application prospect.In its molecule, contain alkyl, alkoxyl group, carbonyl and alkyl carbonyl isoreactivity reactive group, therefore can react with alcohol, phenol, amine and ester class etc., use as alkylation, carbonylation and alkyl carbonyl reagent, be important organic synthesis intermediate, medical agricultural chemicals with etc. industry have widely and to use; Secondly, dialkyl group is the solvent of excellent property, has intermiscibility preferably with many solvents, and the solvent that can be used as paint, Mierocrystalline cellulose and resin etc. uses; With the raw material of wood-charcoal material is the anodic battery, if its electrolytic solution is by the methylcarbonate (Dimethylcarbonate of 50-90wt%, be called for short DMC) and diethyl carbonate (Diethyl carbonate, vehicle economy C) forms, then when its rapid discharge, have higher electrical capacity, run off and when low temperature discharge, can suppress electric capacity.Add the s-generation lithium cell after DMC improves, have higher current density and good anti-oxidant reducing property, its electroconductibility can improve two orders of magnitude, can also extend the life of a cell simultaneously; Institute of the present invention synthetic diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate have bigger molecular weight and higher dielectric constant because of it, therefore its flash-point, oxidation resistance all are greatly improved, thus the security that can better improve the electrochemical stability and the battery of lithium-ion battery electrolytes.Mostly the method for traditional synthetic dialkyl carbonate is to adopt the phosgene of severe toxicity etc. is carbonylation agent, and this not only brings more potential safety hazard to production process, but also can cause problems such as environmental pollution.And the present invention proposes is carbonylation agent with the methylcarbonate, has not only solved the problem of raw material greenization, and the byproduct methyl alcohol of this reaction still produces the raw material of methylcarbonate, thereby makes raw material obtain utilization to greatest extent.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides the method for a kind of green, efficient catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate.Concrete scheme is as follows:
The method of a kind of catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate, its special feature is that with methylcarbonate and Pentyl alcohol be raw material, in temperature of reaction is 70~150 ℃, the mol ratio of methylcarbonate and Pentyl alcohol is 1: 1~1: 4, reaction times is 1~5 hour, and catalyst levels is to synthesize under 1%~10% the condition of raw materials quality.
Oxyhydroxide, carbonate or acetate with basic metal or alkaline-earth metal are catalyzer.
Or be carrier with gac, zeolite molecular sieve, oxyhydroxide, carbonate, acetate with basic metal or alkaline-earth metal are that active ingredient is carried out the vacuum impregnation processing, treatment process is as follows: at first with oxyhydroxide, carbonate, the acetate wiring solution-forming of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal, liquor capacity and carrier bulk are close.Oxyhydroxide, carbonate or acetate with gac, zeolite molecular sieve and described basic metal or alkaline-earth metal adds wherein then, stir,-0.05~-flooded 12~24 hours under the vacuum condition of 0.085Mpa, take out the back 120~150 ℃ of oven dry down, standby.Wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 1%~30% of catalyzer total mass.
The synthesis of diamyl carbonate that the present invention proposes and the method for methyl amyl carbonate have advantages of nontoxic raw materials, the reaction conditions gentleness, and method for preparing catalyst is simple, the efficient advantages of higher.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 1 is a catalyzer with sodium hydroxide, consumption is 1% of a raw materials quality, 70 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 35.3%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 94.7%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 5.3%.
Embodiment 2
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 1 is a catalyzer with sodium hydroxide, consumption is 1% of a raw materials quality, 70 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 3 hours reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 37.6%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 95.7%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 4.3%.
Embodiment 3
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 1 is a catalyzer with sodium hydroxide, consumption is 1% of a raw materials quality, 70 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 5 hours reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 41%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 96.1%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 3.9%.
Embodiment 4
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 1 is a catalyzer with potassium hydroxide, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 80 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 48.2%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 93.1%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 6.9%.
Embodiment 5
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with potassium hydroxide, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 100 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 100%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 42.1%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 57.9%.
Embodiment 6
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 2 is a catalyzer with potassium hydroxide, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 100 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 84.3%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 65.2%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 34.8%.
Embodiment 7
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with salt of wormwood, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 53.4%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 78.6%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 21.4%.
Embodiment 8
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with the potassium acetate, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 69.2%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 81.3%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 18.7%.
Embodiment 9
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with potassium hydroxide, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 150 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 100%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 42.4%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 57.6%.
Embodiment 10
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with lime carbonate, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 18.6%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 93.5%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 6.5%.
Embodiment 11
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with the lime acetate, consumption is 3% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 38.1%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 87.6%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 12.4%.
Embodiment 12
With the gac is carrier, is that active ingredient is carried out vacuum impregnation and handled with salt of wormwood ,-0.05~-flooded 12~24 hours under the vacuum condition of 0.085Mpa, take out the back at 120~150 ℃ of oven dry down, preparation loaded catalyst.
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4 is a catalyzer with activated carbon supported salt of wormwood, wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 20% of catalyzer total mass, the loaded catalyst consumption is 5% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 43.1%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 63.8%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 36.2%.
Embodiment 13
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4, the activated carbon supported salt of wormwood for preparing with embodiment 12 is catalyzer, wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 1% of catalyzer total mass, the supported catalyst consumption is 5% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 15.6%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 79.4%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 20.6%.
Embodiment 14
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4, the activated carbon supported salt of wormwood for preparing with embodiment 12 is catalyzer, wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 30% of loaded catalyst total mass, catalyst levels is 5% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 62.4%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 58.3%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 41.7%.
Embodiment 15
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4, with the molecular sieve carried potassium hydroxide of y-type zeolite is catalyzer, wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 15% of loaded catalyst total mass, catalyst levels is 10% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 80.6%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 76.1%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 23.9%.
Embodiment 16
Methylcarbonate (analytical pure) and Pentyl alcohol cumulative volume 30mL, mol ratio 1: 4, with the molecular sieve carried potassium hydroxide of y-type zeolite is catalyzer, wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 10% of loaded catalyst total mass, catalyst levels is 10% of a raw materials quality, 130 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 1 hour reaction times.
The methylcarbonate transformation efficiency is 64.9%, and the methyl amyl carbonate selectivity is 85.2%, and the diamyl carbonate selectivity is 14.8%.

Claims (2)

1. the method for catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate, it is characterized in that with methylcarbonate and Pentyl alcohol be raw material, in temperature of reaction is 70~150 ℃, the mol ratio of methylcarbonate and Pentyl alcohol is 1: 1~1: 4, reaction times is 1~5 hour, and catalyst levels is to synthesize under 1%~10% the condition of raw materials quality; Wherein catalyzer is oxyhydroxide, carbonate or the acetate of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal; Or adopt the gac that the salt of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal or oxyhydroxide or acetate dip treating crosses, the loaded catalyst of zeolite molecular sieve.
2. the method for catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate according to claim 1 and methyl amyl carbonate, the method that it is characterized in that preparing described catalyzer is at first with oxyhydroxide, carbonate, the acetate wiring solution-forming of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal, and liquor capacity and carrier bulk are close; Oxyhydroxide, carbonate or acetate with gac, zeolite molecular sieve and described basic metal or alkaline-earth metal adds wherein then, stir,-0.05~-flooded 12~24 hours under the vacuum condition of 0.085Mpa, take out the back 120~150 ℃ of oven dry down, get final product, wherein the active ingredient quality accounts for 1%~30% of catalyzer total mass.
CN 200610161595 2006-12-29 2006-12-29 Method for catalytic synthesis of diamyl carbonate and methyl amyl carbonate Pending CN101007766A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102372635A (en) * 2011-11-09 2012-03-14 上海应用技术学院 Method for preparing diamyl carbonate by catalyzing and synthesizing alkaline ionized liquid
CN103483200A (en) * 2013-09-16 2014-01-01 河北工业大学 Method for synthesizing ethyl methyl carbonate through ester exchange
CN107899565A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-04-13 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 A kind of charcoal based solid alkali catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN113385207A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-09-14 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Synthetic catalyst of dimethyl carbonate, preparation method and application thereof
CN114797957A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-07-29 辽宁浚成科技有限公司 Solid catalyst for vinylene carbonate liquid phase synthesis, preparation method and application

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102372635A (en) * 2011-11-09 2012-03-14 上海应用技术学院 Method for preparing diamyl carbonate by catalyzing and synthesizing alkaline ionized liquid
CN103483200A (en) * 2013-09-16 2014-01-01 河北工业大学 Method for synthesizing ethyl methyl carbonate through ester exchange
CN103483200B (en) * 2013-09-16 2016-02-17 河北工业大学 A kind of method of transesterify Catalysts of Preparing Methyl Ethyl Carbonate
CN107899565A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-04-13 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 A kind of charcoal based solid alkali catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN113385207A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-09-14 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Synthetic catalyst of dimethyl carbonate, preparation method and application thereof
CN114797957A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-07-29 辽宁浚成科技有限公司 Solid catalyst for vinylene carbonate liquid phase synthesis, preparation method and application
CN114797957B (en) * 2022-05-12 2024-07-02 辽宁浚成科技有限公司 Solid catalyst for liquid phase synthesis of vinylene carbonate, preparation method and application

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