CN101003917A - Complex type electrostatic spinning method with positive and negative electrodes in same electric field, and application - Google Patents
Complex type electrostatic spinning method with positive and negative electrodes in same electric field, and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN101003917A CN101003917A CN 200710056497 CN200710056497A CN101003917A CN 101003917 A CN101003917 A CN 101003917A CN 200710056497 CN200710056497 CN 200710056497 CN 200710056497 A CN200710056497 A CN 200710056497A CN 101003917 A CN101003917 A CN 101003917A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a positive negative electrode common-field complex spinning method. Said method has the advantages of quick spinning speed and several fiber diameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of spinning process, more specifically, the invention discloses a kind of electrospinning process and in industrial application.
Background technology
The fast development of making rapid progress along with nanosecond science and technology in recent years, the preparation nanometer technology constantly makes new advances.The main method for preparing nanofiber at present comprises pulls out daraf(reciprocal of farad) (Drawing), template is synthesized (TemplateSynthesis), (Phase Separetion) is separated, self assembly (Self-assembly), (Loscertales IG such as emulsion polymerisation (Emulsion Polymerization) and electrostatic spinning, BarreroA, Guerrero I, et al.Micro/nanoencapsulation via electrified coaxialliquid jets[J] .Science, 2002,295:1695 ~ 1698., Huang ZM, Zhang YZ, KotakiM, et al.Areview on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning applicationsin nanocomposites[J] .Composites Science andTechnology.2003,63:2223 ~ 2253.).Electrostatic spinning be adopt electrohydrodynamics (Electrohydrnamics, EHD) fluidics prepares nanometer or sub-micron fibers, this method comprises electrostatic spinning and the electrostatic spraying (Electrospray) that principle is similar.Adopt the electrohydrodynamics method to prepare various inorganic, organic polymers and composite nano fiber, comprise nano silk, nanometer rods and nanotube etc.Nanofiber has that yardstick is little, specific area is big and characteristics such as physical property excellence, have broad application prospects at microelectronics and biomedical and field of compound material, be widely adopted in goods kinds such as the windshield for preparing the vehicle aircraft and faceplate, ophthalmic lens as transparent polymeric resin lucite (PMMA) and Merlon (PC).But their shock resistance a little less than, add the optical characteristics that general fibre will inevitably influence goods, have only that (during λ=400～700nm), fortifying fibre just may be not exert an influence to the light transmission of goods less than the diffraction limit of visible light when the diameter of fiber.Therefore, adopt traditional electrospinning to prepare nano fibrous membrane, again with the compound challenge that is faced with of resin impregnation.
The current many methods of nanofiber that prepare are the one pole spinning, be that negative or positive electrode uses electrostatic spinning separately, the deficiency of bringing is to prepare a kind of solution, multiple heterogeneity is solution combined not to be satisfied, spinning speed is slower, real industrialization brings defective, and fibre diameter control is size equally, and need prepare the different-diameter fiber in same material can't satisfy.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, applicant of the present invention has carried out a large amount of experiments, discloses a kind of method of utilizing positive and negative electrodes in same electric field to carry out electrostatic spinning.
Said method disclosed by the invention, wherein voltage is 5～50kv, and receiving range is 15～40cm, and solution concentration is 10%～30% (mass percent), and electrical conductivity of solution is 0.002～55.0us/cm.
Said method disclosed by the invention, wherein voltage is 5～20kv, and receiving range is 15～30cm, and solution concentration is 10%～30% (mass percent), and electrical conductivity of solution is 0.002～46.7us/cm.
Said method disclosed by the invention, wherein solution is the solution of polymer.
Said method disclosed by the invention, wherein polymer is synthetic polymer or biodegradable polymer, and wherein synthetic polymer can be one of poly, PPTA, cellulose acetate, polyaniline, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), polylactide, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polystyrene (PS), polyester (PET), poly-nylon 6 (PA6), polyethylene glycol oxalate (PEO), Merlon (PC), polyvinylpyrrolidone; Biodegradable polymer can be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), PLA (PLA), poly butyric ester (PHB) homopolymers, poly-valeric acid butyrate (PHBV), polyhydroxy butyrate ester copolymer (3HB-co-4HB), poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid and one of 3-hydroxycaproic acid copolymer (PHBHHx), 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxydecanoic acid copolymer (PHBD).
Said method disclosed by the invention, wherein the solvent of solution can or be difficult for volatile solvent for volatile solvent, wherein volatile solvent can be one of carrene, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, water, oxolane (THF), is difficult for volatile solvent and can be N, N-diformamide (DMF), dimethylacetylamide (DMAC), formic acid, sulfuric acid (H
2SO
4One of).
Said method disclosed by the invention wherein also contains inorganic salts in the solution, inorganic salts can be CaCl
2, CuCl
2, one of LiCl.
Said method disclosed by the invention, wherein the concentration of inorganic salts is 0～1.5% (mass percent).
Applicant of the present invention has carried out a series of experiments, when other process conditions are all identical, Control of Voltage is at 6.0～8.50kv, the electrical conductivity of the concentration conversion solution by changing inorganic salts, the discovery of observation spinning speed, when electrical conductivity of solution is 0.002us/cm, anodal spinning speed 0.264 (mg/min), negative pole spinning speed 0.232 (mg/min), positive ultimate ratio negative pole improves 13.80%; The spinning speed that both positive and negative polarity spins fiber jointly is 20.19 (mg/min), obviously, exceeds 40 times than one pole.During monopolar electrical field work, positive and negative all is respectively 0.117 (mg/min).When electrical conductivity is brought up to 14.60us/cm, anodal spinning speed 0.504 (mg/min), negative pole spinning speed 0.527 (mg/min), negative pole is than just high 4.56%; The spinning speed that both positive and negative polarity spins fiber jointly is 15.142 (mg/min), obviously, exceeds 13.69 times than one pole.During monopolar electrical field work, both positive and negative polarity all is respectively 0.133 (mg/min).Electrical conductivity is increased to 46.7us/cm once more, anodal spinning speed 1.36 (mg/min), and negative pole spinning speed 1.6 (mg/min), negative pole is than just high 17.65%.The spinning speed that both positive and negative polarity spins fiber jointly is 30.59 (mg/min); Exceed 9.33 times than one pole.During monopolar electrical field, both positive and negative polarity all is respectively 0.634 (mg/min).Variation by electrical conductivity it can also be seen that, when electrical conductivity be increased to a certain degree (＞55.0us/cm), both positive and negative polarity all spins not wire vent, illustrate that electrical conductivity of solution has certain limit, choose under the certain voltage, electrical conductivity of solution influences spinning process and speed, finds out that thus electrical conductivity of solution is in the same spinning effect that influences with monopolar electrical field of this electric field.
Utilize said method disclosed by the invention to carry out electrostatic spinning simultaneously at positive and negative two electrodes, spinning speed Billy can improve 40 times with one pole spinning phase specific rate is on average the highest; Both positive and negative polarity voltage can be controlled at and spin the identical electrospinning silk of diameter under the identical voltage conditions, also can be controlled at different voltages, the electrospinning silk of preparation different-diameter; The solvent of the solution of working on the both positive and negative polarity can be identical also can be inequality, solute also can be identical also can be different, so can prepare the fibre-forming polymer of the compound one of the multiple performance of homogeneous polymers fibrous material or heterogeneous body, thereby overcome the many disadvantages that the traditional electrospinning of employing in the background technology is prepared the unicity product of nanofiber, the fiber that utilizes said method disclosed by the invention to obtain can be pulled crimping by stretching, the fabric that preparation is arranged in order or the nonwoven fabric of random arrangement.
The fibre diameter that utilizes method of the present invention to obtain all reaches 100nm～400nm scope, can be used for reinforced composite, protection textile material, indexs such as its performance fracture toughness, intensity, Young's modulus improve very big than pure host material, all there is very big raising aspects such as TENSILE STRENGTH, poisture-penetrability, air guide, filterability, porosity.
Description of drawings
The equipment diagram that Fig. 1 utilizes for the compound electrospinning silk of positive and negative electrodes in same electric field of the present invention, alleged receiving range rolls distance from the nearest point of shower nozzle for the electrode shower nozzle to collection among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Following examples only are further detailed the present invention, should not be construed as limitation of the present invention
If not otherwise specified, all supplementary materials are commercially available among the present invention.
If not otherwise specified, alleged umber is all according to the mass fraction in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
100 parts of chloroforms, 16 parts of PLAs (PLA), electrical conductivity of solution 0.002us/cm.Both positive and negative polarity is Control of Voltage 8.5kv respectively, 20 centimetres of receiving ranges.
Embodiment 2:
100 parts of N, N-diformamides (DMF), 12 parts of PLAs (PLA), electrical conductivity of solution 14.50us/cm.Control of Voltage 6.5kv, 20 centimetres of receiving ranges, room temperature condition, 100 rev/mins of pulling speeds.
Embodiment 3:
100 parts of chloroforms, 20 parts of PHBV, electrical conductivity of solution 0.002us/cm.Control of Voltage 7.5kv accepts 25 centimetres of distances, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 4:
100 parts of oxolanes (THF), 12 parts of Merlon (PC), electrical conductivity of solution 25.0us/cm.Control of Voltage 8.0kv, 25 centimetres of receiving ranges, 150 rev/mins of pulling speeds, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 5:
100 parts of N, N-diformamides (DMF), 18 parts of polyhydroxy butyrate ester copolymers (3HB-co-4HB), electrical conductivity of solution 15.0us/cm.
Voltage 7.0kv, 19 centimetres of receiving ranges, 145 rev/mins of pulling speeds, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 6:
100 parts of chloroforms, 30 parts of poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxycaproic acid copolymers (PHBHHx), electrical conductivity of solution 0.002～45.0us/cm.
Control of Voltage 15.0kv, 22 centimetres of receiving ranges, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 7:(is compound)
Positive solution is: 100 parts in ethanol+water (volume ratio of second alcohol and water is 70: 30), 30 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidones, electrical conductivity of solution 15.0us/cm Control of Voltage 45kv;
Negative solution is: 100 parts of oxolanes (THF), 12 parts of Merlon (PC), electrical conductivity of solution 25.0us/cm.Control of Voltage 8.0kv, receiving range is all controlled 40 centimetres, 150 rev/mins of pulling speeds, room temperature condition, can prepare the different composite fibre of diameter, the fibre diameter 300nm that its positive pole comes out, the fiber 180nm that negative pole comes out, two kinds of different fibre diameters of two kinds of materials in same tunica fibrosa can satisfy the needs of various functions.
Embodiment 8:
100 parts of acetone+dimethylacetylamides (DMAC) (both volume ratios are 50: 50), 28 parts of cellulose acetates, CaCl
20.6 part, electrical conductivity of solution 45.0us/cm.
Cathode voltage control 10.0kv, cathode voltage control 15.0kv, 35 centimetres of receiving ranges, 50 rev/mins of pulling speeds, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 9:
100 parts of N, N-diformamides (DMF), 18 parts of polyhydroxy butyrate ester copolymers (3HB-co-4HB), CaCl
21.0 part, electrical conductivity of solution 46.7.0us/cm.
Cathode voltage 7.0kv, cathode voltage control 7.5kv, receiving range 19cm, 145 rev/mins of pulling speeds, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 10:
100 parts of chloroforms, 30 parts of poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxycaproic acid copolymers (PHBHHx), LiCl1.5 part, electrical conductivity of solution 45.0us/cm.Cathode voltage control 15.0kv, cathode voltage 20.0kv, 22 centimetres of receiving ranges, room temperature condition.
Embodiment 11 (compound):
Positive solution is: 100 parts of N, N-diformamides (DMF), 18 parts of polyhydroxy butyrate ester copolymers (3HB-co-4HB), electrical conductivity of solution 0.002us/cm.
Negative solution is: 100 parts of N, N-diformamides (DMF), 12 parts of PLAs (PLA), LiCl0.5 part, electrical conductivity of solution 14.50us/cm.
The both positive and negative polarity Control of Voltage all is controlled at 8.5kv, 30 centimetres of receiving ranges, room temperature condition, 150 rev/mins of the curling speed of traction.
The product that the foregoing description obtains is according to the test of DIN EN1644-1-1997 national standard, and the result is as follows:
Porosity: 〉=90%
Aperture: 25～100 μ m
TENSILE STRENGTH: 〉=13.5Mpa
Elongation at break: 〉=700%
These products can be used for reinforced composite, protection textile material, and indexs such as its performance fracture toughness, intensity, Young's modulus improve very big than pure host material, and all there is very big raising aspects such as TENSILE STRENGTH, poisture-penetrability, air guide, filterability, porosity.
Claims (8)
1. method of utilizing positive and negative electrodes in same electric field to carry out electrostatic spinning.
2. the described method of claim 1, wherein voltage is 5～50kv, and receiving range is 15～40cm, and solution concentration is 10%～30% by mass percentage, and electrical conductivity of solution is 0.002～55.0us/cm.
3. the described method of claim 2, wherein voltage is 5～20kv, and receiving range is 15～30cm, and solution concentration is 10%～30% by mass percentage, and electrical conductivity of solution is 0.002～46.7us/cm.
4. the described method of claim 2, wherein solution is the solution of polymer.
5. the described method of claim 4, wherein polymer is synthetic polymer or biodegradable polymer, and wherein synthetic polymer can be poly, poly-to one of benzene two or two formyl p-phenylenediamine (PPD), cellulose acetate, polyaniline, poly(ethylene oxide), polylactide, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyester, poly-nylon 6, polyethylene glycol oxalate, Merlon, polyvinylpyrrolidone; Biodegradable polymer can be polyvinyl alcohol, PLA, poly butyric ester homopolymer, poly-valeric acid butyrate, polyhydroxy butyrate ester copolymer 3HB-co-4HB, poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid and one of 3-hydroxycaproic acid copolymer p HBHHx, 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxydecanoic acid copolymer p HBD.
6. the described method of claim 2, wherein the solvent of solution can or be difficult for volatile solvent for volatile solvent, wherein volatile solvent can be one of carrene, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, water, oxolane, is difficult for volatile solvent and can be one of N, N-diformamide, dimethylacetylamide, formic acid, sulfuric acid.
7. the described method of claim 2 wherein also contains inorganic salts in the solution, and inorganic salts can be CaCl
2, CuCl
2, one of LiCl.
8. the described method of claim 7, wherein the concentration of inorganic salts is 0～1.5% by mass percentage.
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| CN104114265A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2014-10-22 | 宙斯工业产品股份有限公司 | Electrospun Porous Media |
| US10010395B2 (en) | 2012-04-05 | 2018-07-03 | Zeus Industrial Products, Inc. | Composite prosthetic devices |
| CN103726233A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-16 | 同济大学 | Preparation method and application of polyisophthaloyl metaphenylene diamine-polyacrylonitrile composite nanofiber film |
| CN103726233B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-04-06 | 同济大学 | A kind of preparation method of poly(isophthaloyl metaphenylene diamine)-polyacrylonitrile composite nanofiber membrane and application thereof |
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