CN100588999C - Polarizing disc - Google Patents

Abstract

A polarizing plate which comprises: (a) a layer comprising polyvinyl alcohol fibers which have a dichroic dye adsorbed thereon and an aspect ratio of 10 or higher and which are disposed in a planar arrangement so as to be oriented in one direction or a combination of the layer (a) and (b) a layer comprising fibers which have an aspect ratio of 10 or higher and a difference in refractive index between the major-axis direction and the minor-axis direction of 0.05 or larger and have no dichoric dye adsorbed thereon and which are disposed in a planar arrangement so as to be oriented in one direction and/or (b') fibers which have an aspect ratio of 10 or higher and a difference in refractive index between the major-axis direction and the minor-axis direction less than 0.05 and have no dichoricdye adsorbed thereon, these fibers being disposed in a planar arrangement so as to be oriented in one direction; and (c) an optically transparent resin.

Description

Polaroid

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of polaroid (Polarizer) with brightness enhanced feature, use this polaroid and the optical component that forms and liquid crystal indicator etc.

Background technology

As the polaroid that is used for liquid crystal indicator; usually painted with iodine; the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that uniaxial tension is become (below; abbreviating PVA as) film is as polarizer; use is glued together to have with triacetyl cellulose (below, abbreviate TAC as) film on its one or both sides and is replaced TAC as the polaroid of the diaphragm of polaroid or on polaroid that coating is set with acryl resin etc. on the one side of polarizer or the one side at polarizer and glue together polaroid that norborene and polycarbonate equiphase difference film are arranged etc.But, described polaroid is categorized as the absorption-type polaroid, only see through the axial light that sees through of polaroid, the light of remaining composition can sponge, therefore, even also only be 50% (reflecting 4% owing to have inside surface, so maximum light transmission rate 46% is the limit) under desirable condition, effective utilization of backlight and raising brightness also become the research topic of liquid crystal indicator.

Liquid crystal indicator is applied to various commodity, from small-sized electronic products such as counter, wrist-watch, mobile phone, digital cameras to PDA, auto-navigation system, POS system etc. be medium-sized, even large-scale liquid crystal indicator such as LCD of PC, liquid crystal TV set, and the quality and the high performance requirement of the member that is applied to liquid crystal indicator grown to even greater heights.

As polaroid with brightness enhanced feature, favourable reflection type polarizer with optical interference.In No. 3610729 communique of United States Patent (USP) and No. 5486949 communique of United States Patent (USP), one records the polarization element that uses the interference with birefringent multilayer film, and the oriented multilayer film that discloses with two kinds of different thin polymer films of refractive index carries out the method that polarized light separates.In addition, at magazine 37 volume of applied physics, in 1998, the 4389th page, it is identical but utilized the polarized light separation method of simple polymer blend also to have proposed principle.In addition, recently, in the world disclose No. 2005/8302 communique, also discloses the replacement polymer blend and utilized the method for fiber.Reflection type polarizer in the polarized light separate mode has the characteristic that reflects in the polarized light component that does not see through.Light by making its reflection carries out multipath reflection repeatedly with the scattered reflection film that is arranged on the backlight side of liquid crystal indicator, can take out again with polaroid see through the consistent light of axial light, realize that transmitance is more than 60%.But, under the situation of the front and back that reflection type polarizer are disposed at liquid crystal cells, such problem is arranged, promptly owing to the multipath reflection of light in liquid crystal cells that is reflected, correctly therefore Show Color only limits to the backlight side and uses.In addition, be also recorded in the above-mentioned world and disclose No. 2005/8302 communique and display monthly magazine in April, 2005 number the 13rd page, but present situation is, in order to realize reflection type polarizer, need make the refractive index of polymkeric substance of mixing strictly consistent with the refractive index that becomes block base material, and shape and the configuration of strictly controlling blended polymer, fiber, and be difficult to obtain the degree of polarization (99% or more) identical with existing polaroid, can not keep the contrast in the liquid crystal indicator well.Therefore, present situation is, reflection type polarizer with specialization only the form of its brightness enhanced feature use with the absorption-type polaroid.At this moment, reflection type polarizer is not called polaroid, use and promote film as brightness, in fact by 3M company as the such commodity selling of D-BEF.But, even in D-BEF, also need in the zone of visible broadness, guarantee polarized light property, therefore, it is stacked totally to make 400～800 polaroids.Carry out the stacked of this THICKNESS CONTROL and hundreds of layers of polaroid thin polymer film, and then the control of every layer refractive index becomes technical difficult point.

In addition, the desired durability characteristic of polaroid is also become very high, in having used the absorption-type polaroid of iodine, durability, particularly humidity resistance are insufficient, use life-span of its liquid crystal indicator to be subjected to the restriction of polaroid characteristic.

About improving durability; in display monthly magazine in April, 2005 number the 13rd page; disclose replacement iodine and used the dye class polaroid of dichroic dye as polarization element; though the durability of polarizer itself is compared with the polaroid of absorption iodine and orientation and is improved; but leave over following problem: the diaphragm of polaroid is that the TAC film shrinks and gives the liquid crystal panel differential contraction stress; make image quality reduce, and TAC film self corrosion etc.

As mentioned above, in order to improve the transmitance of polaroid, use reflection type polarizer, or to use absorption-type polaroid and reflection type polarizer be that the brightness that 2 polaroids that brightness promotes film carry out liquid crystal indicator promotes, and when using reflection type polarizer separately, degree of polarization is low, can not keep the contrast in the liquid crystal indicator well, promote film with brightness separately simultaneously and do not have the polarisation function, and because technical difficulty is many, thereby the high member of cost become.Therefore, in the polaroid monomer, can not obtain showing the polaroid of high degree of polarization, high transmitance (having the brightness enhanced feature).

In addition, when using the TAC film, do not see the improvement aspect the durability of polaroid up to now as polaroid protective film.

But in the reflection-type of middle-size and small-size liquid crystal indicator, semi-penetration type, λ/4 phase-contrast films are with respect to light polarizing film, are glued at roughly 45 ° of orientation and use.This is that at this moment, light polarizing film and phase-contrast film glue together processing behind the film that is processed into the section state with special angle for the necessary structure of demonstration in obtaining reflecting.Oblique stretch process about light polarizing film, open the 2003-207622 communique and special opening discloses the technology relevant with light polarizing film in the 2004-144838 communique the spy, that is, the film that will be by the polarizer that the PVA film the constitutes oblique stretch process of use becomes, it has the axle of seeing through on tilted direction.But for the polarizer that stretches and be made of the PVA film, needing draw ratio is 4～8 times stretch process, needs large-scale plant as equipment.And in the oblique stretching of film because this oriented film has biaxially oriented property, so in any case degree of orientation step-down all therefore, can not obtain and the identical polarizing properties of light polarizing film that constitutes by longitudinal direction unilateral stretching polyvinyl alcohol film.In addition, residual following problem: as light polarizing film, because the TAC film is used for the diaphragm of polarizer, so the image quality that is caused by the contraction that depends on the TAC film reduces and TAC film self corrosion etc.

As mentioned above, in reflection-type, semi-penetration type liquid crystal indicator, adopt the mode that makes the light polarizing film gummed be processed into the film of section state and constitute liquid crystal indicator with special angle.Therefore, light polarizing film can not be glued together processing by volume to volume mode and phase-contrast film, and it is very loaded down with trivial details that processing technology becomes.Though studying the oblique stretching technique of the polarizer that constitutes by the PVA film, owing to need large-scale plant as equipment, and can not obtain the polarizing properties identical with the light polarizing film that constitutes by the unilateral stretching polyvinyl alcohol film, therefore, be not practical.In addition, when using the TAC film, do not see the improvement aspect the durability of polaroid up to now as the diaphragm of light polarizing film.

And, as the potential problems in the liquid crystal indicator, can enumerate different variation of direction because of seeing its image, one of its reason is summed up as polaroid.This is because described polaroid is formed by the film that stretches along the single shaft direction, owing to the size variation at the angle that absorption axes became of 2 polaroids that are configured to cross Nicols (Network ロ ス ニ コ Le) causes.One, with respect to polaroid from directly over when seeing, or be on the vertical plane with respect to polaroid, and when the face that sees through axle or absorption axes that contains polaroid is seen, the angle that absorption axes became of 2 polaroids is fixed as 90 degree, then can form the black that polaroid forms.But, be on the vertical plane with respect to polaroid, and do not containing (particularly 45 degree orientation) on the face that sees through axle, absorption axes of polaroid that by changing its viewing angle, therefore the angle that absorption axes became of 2 polaroids produces light leak greater than 90 degree.

In order to remedy the shortcoming of the field angle characteristic that causes by this polaroid, open the technology that records insertion biaxiality phase-contrast film in flat 10-142423 communique and No. 3526830 communique of patent the spy.In this technology, see through the polarized condition of the light of polarizer when making oblique incidence, equal effect when having with the phase-contrast film vertical incidence, the change of optical property of coming the compensating polarizing device, thus can make the Wide-angle polaroid of the liquid crystal indicator that can realize the field angle broadness.But, be used to realize the biaxiality phase-contrast film of this characteristic, needing the control birefringent characteristic is Nz, therefore, the problem that exists following material number of packages, processing technology to increase: the heat-schrinkable film and this heat-schrinkable film is shunk and of need on the two sides of the phase-contrast film that unilateral stretching is processed into, adhere with the so special and difficult process technology of film thickness direction stretching of monodirectional tension film along film, yield rate is low, therefore, productivity is poor, it is the high material of cost, and, must use with the polaroid gummed.

As mentioned above, in order to improve the field angle characteristic of polaroid, and use the technology of inserting the biaxiality phase-contrast film, but the increase of the difficulty of processing technology, the number of components, processing technology, the problem that then causes the member cost to rise can not realize the method with polaroid monomer raising field angle characteristic.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly to have kept the optical characteristics identical with existing polaroid, and the high polaroid of brightness.

Other purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel polaroid; described novel polaroid; have and do not use the formation of triacetylcellulose film as polaroid protective film, and different with existing polaroid, realized the raising of durability, particularly humidity resistance.

Another object of the present invention also is to provide a kind of Wide-angle polaroid, and described Wide-angle polaroid improves the field angle characteristic greatly in the polaroid monomer.

Another object of the present invention also is to provide a kind of polaroid volume, and described polaroid volume both can keep the optical characteristics identical with existing light polarizing film, can glue together processing by phase-contrast film and volume to volume mode again.

Another object of the present invention also is to provide a kind of optical component, and described optical component will show that other optical layers of other optical property different with polarized light is laminated on described polaroid of the present invention.

Another object of the present invention also is to provide a kind of liquid crystal indicator with above-mentioned optical component of the present invention.

Another object of the present invention and advantage are further shown by following explanation.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage, the firstth, realize that by following a kind of polaroid (below, be sometimes referred to as the 1st polaroid of the present invention) this polaroid is characterised in that, comprises:

(a) absorption dichromatism pigment and length breadth ratio is many vinals more than 10, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in planar,

(b) length breadth ratio is more than 10 and the difference of the refractive index of long axis direction and short-axis direction is many fibers more than 0.05, that do not adsorb the dichromatism pigment, and these many fibers are arranged in plane in a direction, and

(c) optical clear resin, and

Consistent or the quadrature of direction that direction that above-mentioned many fibers (a) are arranged and above-mentioned many fibers (b) are arranged, when unanimity, the refractive index of the above-mentioned short-axis direction of above-mentioned many fibers (b) is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c), in addition, when quadrature, the refractive index of the above-mentioned long axis direction of above-mentioned many fibers (b) is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c).

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage, the secondth, realize that by following a kind of polaroid (below, be sometimes referred to as the 2nd polaroid of the present invention) this polaroid is characterised in that, comprises:

(a) absorption dichromatism pigment and length breadth ratio is many vinals more than 10, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in plane,

Or above-mentioned fiber (a) and

(b ') length breadth ratio be more than 10 and the difference of the refractive index of long axis direction and short-axis direction less than many fibers 0.05, that do not adsorb the dichromatism pigment, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in plane, and

(c) optical clear resin, and

The mean value of the refractive index of the above-mentioned long axis direction of above-mentioned fiber (b ') and the refractive index of above-mentioned short-axis direction is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c).

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage, the 3rd is to realize by the of the present invention the above-mentioned the 1st or the 2nd polaroid, and wherein, above-mentioned many fibers (a) are rise and fall on the above-mentioned direction that fiber (a) is arranged and on the thickness direction of polaroid (the ripple The is beaten つ て い Ru).

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage, the 4th is to roll up by a kind of polaroid to realize, this polaroid volume, it is in the form that the above-mentioned the 1st or the 2nd polaroid is reeled, it is characterized in that two directions that see through axle and absorption axes of above-mentioned polaroid and the coiling direction of above-mentioned volume and all inconsistent with the direction of its quadrature.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage, the 5th is to realize by a kind of optical component, this optical component is characterised in that, comprise: other optical layers that comprises the polarizing layer of the 1st polaroid of the present invention other optical property different with polarized light with demonstration, the face that face that the many fibers (a) of this polaroid are arranged in and many fibers (b) are arranged in is when the thickness direction of polaroid is overlapping, and above-mentioned other optical layers is layered in a side of the face that many fibers (a) are arranged in.

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage, the 6th is to realize by a kind of optical component, and this optical component is characterised in that, by stacked formation of other optical layers of the polarizing layer and the demonstration that will comprise above-mentioned the 2nd polaroid other optical property different with polarized light.

And according to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage realize by a kind of liquid crystal indicator at last, and this liquid crystal indicator has above-mentioned optical component of the present invention.

Embodiment

The 1st polaroid of the present invention is at first described.

[vinal (a)]

Be applied to the material of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PVA) fiber of polaroid of the present invention, the fiber or the fibrous organizator that use PVA or constitute by its derivant.The derivant of PVA for example can be enumerated: polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetal and other carry out the derivant that modification forms with PVA, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal with unsaturated carboxylic acids such as alkene such as ethene, propylene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butenoic acid, its Arrcostab, acrylamide etc.The degree of polymerization of the PVA or derivatives thereof that uses for example be about 1,000～40,000 and saponification degree for example be about 80～100 moles of %.Here, owing to be to use as polarizer, the degree of polymerization of PVA or derivatives thereof, saponification degree Gao Shike simultaneously obtain the good element of durability, therefore, preferred degree of polymerization 1,200～30,000, the PVA or derivatives thereof of 90～100 moles of % of saponification degree, more preferably the degree of polymerization is 1,500～20,000, saponification degree is 98～100 moles of %.

Also can mixed plasticizer in aforementioned PVA fiber etc.As plastifier, can enumerate polyvalent alcohol and condensation product thereof etc., for example can enumerate: glycerine, two glycerine, triglycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyglycol etc.The use amount of plastifier is not particularly limited, and preferably the total amount with respect to PVA and plastifier is below the 20 weight %.In addition, in the PVA fiber, can also further contain adjuvants such as antioxidant, ultraviolet light absorber, crosslinking chemical, surfactant.

PVA is carried out Fibrotic method (spinning process) can adopt normally used arbitrary modes such as dry type, wet type, dry-and wet-type.In these modes, PVA can use the solution that is dissolved in following solvent to make (spinning).For example can be used alone or as a mixture water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, diethylamine, diethylenetriamine, diethylenetriamine, also have glycerine, ethylene glycol, 3-methylpentane-1,3, multivalence alcohol such as 5-triol etc.And, so long as the solution of the solubilized PVA such as aqueous solution of the aqueous solution of inorganic salts such as zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium thiocyanate, lithium bromide or isopropyl alcohol can use.

The PVA fiber that uses among the present invention is the fiber that stretch process becomes.This stretch process both can be carried out before the dichromatism pigment dyeing, also can carry out simultaneously with dyeing, can also carry out after dyeing.Certainly, also can stretch in a plurality of stages.When fiber dyeed with the dichromatism pigment after stretching, the dichromatism pigment that is adsorbed carried out orientation along tensile axis.Carry out orientation and be adsorbed along tensile axis at this dyeing stage dichromatism pigment.On the other hand, with the dichromatism pigment dyeing simultaneously or after the dyeing before from the stretch process spinning solution to xeothermic stretching during or arbitrary moment impregnation dichromatism pigment after xeothermic stretching also passable.With the method that the dichromatism pigment is given the PVA fibrid, for example can enumerate: roller contact method, infusion process, ruling pen contact method etc.

The stretching ratio of the PVA fiber that uses among the present invention can be about 10～30 times as the highest stretching ratio.Multiplying power when at this moment, the highest stretching ratio is illustrated in fibre cutting when implementing xeothermic the stretching.But, if stretching ratio approaches the highest stretching ratio, then produce the space in the inside of PVA fiber, see the albefaction that the diffuse reflection by so-called light causes, transmitance and degree of polarization are worsened, therefore not preferred.On the other hand, when stretching ratio is low, strand and dichromatism pigment directed insufficient, intensity and degree of polarization reduction.Therefore, the stretching ratio of PVA fiber is more than 40% below 80% of the highest stretching ratio preferably, more preferably more than 45% below 75%, most preferably more than 50% below 70%.Can obtain the PVA fiber that the dichromatism pigment is adsorbed and is directed by this stretch process.

The thickness of above-mentioned PVA fiber, preferred average diameter are below the above 100 μ m of 0.7 μ m, more preferably below the above 80 μ m of 0.8 μ m, further below the above 50 μ m of preferred 1 μ m.As the thickness of fruit fiber less than 0.7 μ m, the then spinning of fiber, drawing processing difficulty, simultaneously, the surface scattering that is depended on easily in the wavelength of visibility region of size of fiber influences, and is difficult to carry out uniform look and shows.On the other hand, when the thickness of fiber surpassed 100 μ m, fiber was too thick, therefore, when being arranged in a direction, produced the slit in the time will making the polaroid of desirable thickness, formed the light leak defective, and, be difficult to realize high degree of polarization.

As the directed aggregation that the PVA fiber of dichromatism pigment is arranged of absorption, the thickness of fiber is not necessarily even, so long as seamless and can realize high degree of polarization when being arranged in a direction as polarizing properties, just can will be mixed with fine fibre and coarse-fibred fiber as aggregation.The cross sectional shape of fiber also can be circle, ellipse, triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, sexangle or its above polygon, so long as it is seamless and can realize the cross sectional shape of high degree of polarization can not limiting shape when being arranged in a direction as polarizing properties.In addition, the cross sectional shape of the fiber of the aggregation that PVA fiber is used is not necessarily even, also can be the complex of the fiber of multiple shape, but since the fiber of single shape do not need mixing ratio etc. is adjusted into homogeneous, therefore preferred.The length breadth ratio of PVA fiber is more than 10, and is preferred more than 20, and more preferably length breadth ratio is more than 100.Here, length breadth ratio is the ratio of length to minor axis, and major axis is the length direction of fiber, and minor axis is the cross-wise direction (vertical direction) with respect to major axis.When the section configuration of fiber was polygon, minor axis was defined as its polygonal external diameter of a circle., consistent with long axis direction when carrying out orientation in the length breadth ratio of PVA fiber less than 10 o'clock, be difficult to obtain uniform orientation.The PVA fiber is suitable as fabric and uses, therefore, the fiber of preferred endless, the fiber that subsistence level 1m is above is more than the preferred 10m, more preferably more than the 100m.

The number of above-mentioned PVA in addition, so long as can reach the scope of purpose of the present invention, effect, just is not particularly limited because of the thickness of fiber is different, and for example density is 100～2,5,000,000/cm ²In order to improve the adaptation of PVA fiber and optical clear resin, also can implement various different bonding processing such as corona treatment at fiber surface.

Above-mentioned PVA fibre array is in a direction, and it is plane that general arrangement becomes.Configuration can be to be that monofilament is arranged in plane or arranges the state of the multilayer more than two-layer in direction with one deck fiber.About only stacked number, though, arrange very difficulty of PVA fiber with 1 layer of seamless unoccupied place even 1 layer also can obtain than higher polarizing properties.Stacked number when using the PVA fiber, preferred 2 layers～100 layers, more preferably 3 layers～100 layers, most preferably 5 layers～100 layers.

[refringence of long axis direction and short-axis direction is the fiber (b) more than 0.05]

This fiber is that the refringence of long axis direction and short-axis direction is more than 0.05 and is laminated with the aggregation that does not adsorb the fiber of dichromatism pigment more than 1 layer or 2 layers.This fiber is following fiber: do not absorb or absorb few in visibility region in fact, and do not have defective such as space in fact, in order to manifest refringence, by stretch process equal altitudes ground orientation, produce birefringence (phase differential) effectively.This fibrous material for example can be enumerated: tygon, teflon, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polyvinylchloride, polyacrylonitrile, poly-polyolefin vinyl fibers such as (4-methyl-1-pentenes), nylon 6, nylon 66, fatty polyamide fibrids such as nylon 46, poly-(mpd-i), poly-aromatic polyamide fibrids (aramid fibre) such as (poly P phenylene diamine terephthalamides), polyethylene terephthalate, PEN, poly--polyester fibers such as 6-caprolactone, the aromatic liquid-crystal polyester fiber, poly-(to phenylene Ben Bing Er oxazole), poly-(to phenylene benzo dithiazole), polybenzimidazoles, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfones, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketones etc. contain the heteroatoms fiber, polyimide fibrids such as PMMI, cellulosic fibres such as rayon, poly-acrylic fibers such as (methyl methacrylates), the polycarbonate fibrid, polyurethanes fiber etc.Wherein, the fiber that especially preferably constitutes by polymkeric substance with aromatic rings such as phenyl ring, naphthalene nucleus.

In order to improve the adaptation with the optical clear resin, also can implement various bonding processing such as corona treatment at this fiber surface.And in order to improve the birefringence of fiber, making it contain that low molecular weight liquid crystal compound, whisker etc. have the filler etc. of shape anisotropy and make the macromolecule of multifibres type fiber arranged mutually also is useful technology.

Above-mentioned low molecular weight liquid crystal compound for example can be enumerated: have compounds such as biphenyl class, phenol benzoate class, cyclohexyl benzene class, azoxybenzene, azobenzene, azomethine class, benzophenanthrene class, benzoic acid biphenyl ester class, cyclohexyl biphenyl class, phenyl pyrimidine class, cyclohexyl miazines, cholesterols as manifesting crust type, being the compound etc. of the core cell of the liquid crystal in the molecular structure.If these low molecular weight liquid crystal compounds are oriented in the long axis direction of fiber,, also can in domain, exist even be dissolved in the fiber.But, when in domain, existing,, the diameter of domain must be set at below the 0.2 μ m in order to remove the influence that is scattered along the rectilinearly polarized light of the long axis direction of fiber vibration.

In addition, above-mentioned whisker for example can be enumerated: sapphire, silit, boron carbide, aluminium nitrate, graphite, potassium titanate, polyoxymethylene, poly-(to the oxybenzene formyl), poly-(2-hydroxyl-naphthalene formyl) etc.These whiskers, the mean diameter in its cross section are preferably in the scope of 0.05～0.2 μ m.When the mean diameter of whisker during greater than 0.2 μ m, similarly produce the influence that the rectilinearly polarized light of above-mentioned long axis direction vibration along fiber is scattered, become the reason that polarizing properties reduces.

The thickness of above-mentioned fiber, mean diameter are preferably below the above 100 μ m of 0.7 μ m, more preferably below the above 80 μ m of 0.8 μ m, more preferably below the above 50 μ m of 1 μ m.As the thickness of fruit fiber less than 0.7 μ m, the then spinning of fiber, drawing processing difficulty, simultaneously, the surface scattering that is depended on easily in the wavelength of visibility region of size of fiber influences, and is difficult to carry out uniform look and shows.On the other hand, when the thickness of fiber surpassed 100 μ m, fiber was too thick, therefore, when being arranged in a direction, produced the slit in the time will making the polaroid of desirable thickness, formed the light leak defective, and, be difficult to realize high degree of polarization.

The refringence of long axis direction and short-axis direction is the thickness of the fiber more than 0.05, in fact not necessarily even, so long as it is seamless and can realize the fiber of high degree of polarization also can will being mixed with fine fibre and coarse-fibred fiber when being arranged in a direction as aggregation as polarizing properties.The cross sectional shape of fiber can be circle, ellipse, triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, sexangle or its above polygon, so long as it is seamless and can realize the cross sectional shape of high degree of polarization can not limiting shape when being arranged in a direction as polarizing properties.In addition, the cross sectional shape of a fiber is not necessarily even, can be the complex of the fiber of multiple shape, but since the fiber of single shape do not need mixing ratio etc. is adjusted into homogeneous, therefore preferred.The length breadth ratio of this fiber is more than 10, is preferably more than 20, more preferably more than 100.

This fiber, above-mentioned fiber is configured to plane in a direction basically.Configuration also can be the state that fiber is arranged in the multilayer more than 1 layer or 2 layers in a direction.Though only stacked number is even 1 layer also can obtain than higher polarizing properties, with 1 layer of fiber arranged very difficulty in seamless unoccupied place.Stacked number when using this fiber, preferred 2 layers～100 layers, more preferably 3 layers～100 layers, most preferably 5 layers～100 layers.

Because this fiber uses as fabric, so the fiber of preferred endless, the fiber that subsistence level 1m is above is more than the preferred 10m, more preferably more than the 100m.

Above-mentioned fiber among the present invention is to be positioned on the one side of PVA fiber and the refringence of long axis direction and short-axis direction is a fiber more than 0.05.And this fiber is disposed at a consistent or orthogonal directions of direction of a direction and this fibre array of above-mentioned PVA fibre array.Here, so-called one side also comprises the situation about just going up that for example places the PVA fiber, underlaid situation, or PVA fiber and this fiber is made the mode of fabric.

[colouring method of dichromatism pigment and PVA fiber]

Polarizer among the present invention is made by will and being oriented on the PVA fiber as the iodine of dichromatism pigment or dichroic dye absorption.

The dichromatism pigment can use iodine aqueous solution during for iodine, as iodine and cosolvent, and the aqueous solution that contains iodide ion that for example can use and make with potassium iodide etc. etc.The concentration of iodine is preferably about 0.01～0.5 weight %, and potassium iodide concentration is preferably 0.01～10 weight %.When carrying out the iodine staining processing, the temperature of iodine solution for example is 20～50 ℃, and dip time for example is the scope about 10～300 seconds.In addition, the content of iodine in the PVA fiber preferably is adjusted to and makes the good degree of polarization of polarizer demonstration, for example is about 1～40 weight %.When carrying out this iodine staining when handling, the concentration by regulating iodine solution, PVA fiber can be adjusted to aforementioned range with the content of iodine in the PVA fiber to conditions such as the dipping temperature of iodine solution, dip times.Then, carrying out boric acid in having carried out the PVA fiber of iodine staining handles.It is to carry out in boric acid aqueous solution by the PVA fiber impregnation that will utilize iodine staining to cross that boric acid is handled.Boric acid concentration in the preferred boric acid aqueous solution for example is about 2～15 weight %.The temperature of boric acid aqueous solution for example is 50～85 ℃, and dip time for example is about 30～1,000 second.In boric acid aqueous solution, can make it contain iodide ion by potassium iodide.The boric acid aqueous solution that contains potassium iodide can obtain painted few polaroid, promptly can obtain spreading all over almost full wavelength domain, the absorbance polaroid roughly certain, so-called neutral gray of visible light.

When the dichromatism pigment was dichroic dye, dichroic dye is water-soluble dyes such as preferred acidic dyestuff, direct dyes for example, and its structure example is as using azo dyes, stilbene dye, anthraquinone dyes, methine class dyestuff, cyanine class dyestuff etc.As object lesson, for example can enumerate: the spy opens clear 59-145255 communique, the spy opens the disazo compound of clear 60-156759 communique record, and the spy opens the trisazo compound of flat 3-78703 communique record and the CI Direct Yellow 12 that represents with the Colour Index generic name, CI Direct Yellow 44, CI DirectOrange 26, CI Direct Orange 39, CI Direct Red 2, CI Direct Red 23, CIDirect Red 31, CI Direct Red 79, CI Direct Red 81, CI Direct Violet 9, CI Direct Violet 35, CI Direct Violet 51, CI Direct Blue 15, CI Direct Blue78, CI Direct Blue 90, CI Direct Blue 168, CI Direct Blue 202, CI DirectBlue 203, CI Direct Brown 2, CI Direct Black 17, CI Direct Black 19, CI Direct Black 118, CI Direct Black 132 etc.In addition, it is desirable to, these water-soluble dyes, the containing ratio that can give the pigment composition of polarization luminous energy is preferably 95%, more preferably (all being weight ratio) more than 99%.Impurity beyond purpose such as inorganic salts and the unreacted reactant pigment composition utilizes methods such as ion exchange membrane, recrystallization method to remove.When reality is used, homogencous dyes only has polarized light property in the certain wavelengths territory, therefore, in order to obtain spreading all over the light polarizing film with good polarized light property of the full wavelength domain of the luminous ray of normally used 400～700nm, the two or more water-soluble dye that the different scope in this wavelength domain of preferably suitably being blended in has absorption characteristic uses.The example of concrete combination has: four kinds of indigo plant that embodiment 23 record turquoise and special that CI Direct Orange 39, CIDirect Red 81, spy open clear 59-145255 communique opens flat 3-78703 communique record mix etc.As the colouring method of dichroic dye, using the concentration of dyestuff for example is the aqueous dye solutions of 0.02～0.1 weight %, and temperature is set at for example 30～50 ℃, for example dipping PVA fiber in the scope about 100～600 seconds.It for example is in the boric acid aqueous solution about 2～15 weight % that the PVA fiber after the preferred dyeing and the situation of above-mentioned iodine similarly impregnated in boric acid concentration.Can obtain utilizing the polaroid of dichroic dye dyeing thus.

[optical clear resin (c)]

Polaroid of the present invention is that fiber (b) and optical clear resin more than 0.05 constitutes by the refringence of the PVA fiber (a), long axis direction and the short-axis direction that contain the dichromatism pigment basically.For example PVA fiber (a) and fiber (b) take to utilize the optical clear resin wraps into and be fixed into mode such as tabular.This is because if be fiber (a) and fiber (b), then can not keep abreast of into the state of a direction, can not the continuous presentation polarizing properties, at this moment, fiber (a) is that the PVA fiber is for directly being exposed to the state in the atmosphere, obviously be subjected to the influence of temperature, humidity, be easy to generate the contraction that causes by moisture absorption and directed disorder of dichromatism pigment etc., can not obtain high durability.The optical clear resin keeps fiber (a) and fiber (b) as immobilization, and performance suppresses the resin of the function of the deterioration brought to polaroid and undertakes important effect.

The optical clear resin is undertaken the effect as the base material of polaroid.Therefore, the optical clear resin preferably seldom absorbs or does not absorb in fact in visibility region, and shows the resin of good cementability with respect to each fiber that constitutes fiber (a), fiber (b).In addition, the optical clear resin works as the base material of polaroid.Therefore,, then have the shortcoming that light leak takes place when the polaroid cross Nicols disposed if base material itself has birefringence, therefore, the low materials such as thermoplastic resin, heat or light-cured type resin of manifesting property of preferred phase differential.Need to prove, optical clear resin among the present invention is meant following resin: in visibility region must be transparent, specifically, in wavelength 400nm～800nm, when the optical clear resin is made the film of thickness 50 μ m, the light penetration of measuring in this film need be for more than 80%, and is preferred more than 85%, most preferably more than 90%.

Below, enumerate the material of several optical clear resins.

As thermoplastic resin, can enumerate particularly: poly-acryl resins such as (methyl methacrylates), polyolefin such as tygon, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethers such as polyphenylene oxide, vinylites such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyurethane, polyamide, polyimide, epoxy resin, use these the multipolymer of monomer of two or more formations, the weight ratio that also has poly-(methyl methacrylate) and Polyvinylchloride is 82: 18 a potpourri, the weight ratio of poly-(methyl methacrylate) and polyphenylene oxide is 65: 35 a potpourri, the weight ratio of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polycarbonate is polymer blend of non-birefringents such as 77: 23 potpourri etc.

The optical clear resin also can be a gel-type resin.For example behind this resin of coating on the fiber (a) and (b), aspect curing apace, it is as the material of excellent processability and preferred.In gel-type resin, can enumerate: by being cured the crosslinked resin that obtains through the cross-linking reaction etc. of utilizing the external excitation energy as representative.These are by ultraviolet ray, the dynamic rays gel-type resin that solidifies of electron ray isoreactivity radiation exposure and utilize heat to cause the heat cross-linking type resin etc. of cross-linking reaction.

As the dynamic rays gel-type resin, can enumerate ultraviolet curing resin as representative.The example can be enumerated: ultraviolet hardening polyester acrylate resin, ultraviolet hardening acrylic acid urethane resin, ultraviolet hardening methacrylate resin, ultraviolet hardening polyester acrylate resin and ultraviolet hardening polyalcohol acrylate resin etc.Preferred especially ultraviolet hardening polyalcohol acrylate resin, photo polymerization monomer oligomer such as further preferred trimethylolpropane triacrylate, double trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, tetramethylol methane tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol five acrylate, dipentaerythritol acrylate, alkyl-modified dipentaerythritol.

Example as electron ray curing type resin, the resin that preferably has acrylate-functional groups for example can be enumerated: the vibrin of lower molecular weight, polyether resin, acryl resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, spiral shell acetal resin, polybutadiene, polythiol polyenoid resin etc.

The example of thermohardening type resin can be enumerated: epoxy resin, phenoxy resin, benzene oxygen ether resin, benzene oxygen ester resin, acryl resin, melamine resin, phenolic resin, urethane resin etc. can also be its potpourris.

[refringence of long axis direction and short-axis direction is less than 0.05 fiber (b ')]

Described fiber uses in first polaroid of the present invention as required.This fiber does not adsorb the dichromatism pigment.The polymkeric substance of described fiber is following polymkeric substance: can be processed into fiber, and when making fiber the refringence of long axis direction and short-axis direction less than 0.05, preferably less than 0.03, further preferably less than 0.01.For example can enumerate: acryl resin, nylon resin, polyolefin, polyester, polystyrene, polyethers, polycarbonate, vinylite, polyurethane, polyamide, polyimide, epoxy resin.

The thickness of described fiber, mean diameter are preferably 0.7 μ m～100 μ m, more preferably 0.8 μ m～80 μ m, more preferably 1 μ m～50 μ m.As the thickness of fruit fiber less than 0.7 μ m, the then spinning of fiber, stretch process difficulty, simultaneously, the surface scattering that is depended on easily in the wavelength of visibility region of size of fiber influences, and is difficult to carry out uniform look and shows.On the other hand, when the thickness of fiber surpassed 100 μ m, fiber was too thick, therefore, when being arranged in a direction, produced the slit in the time will making the polaroid of desirable thickness, formed the light leak defective, simultaneously, was difficult to realize high degree of polarization.

The rugosity of described fiber is not necessarily even, so long as can form the fiber of fabric, irrelevant with forms such as monofilament, multifibres, in addition, the cross sectional shape of fiber is not limited to circle, can be ellipse, triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, sexangle or its above polygon.

In addition, the cross sectional shape of fiber that is used to form a fiber aggregate is not necessarily even, can be the complex of the fiber of multiple shape, and is still, because the fiber of single cross sectional shape do not need mixing ratio etc. is adjusted into homogeneous, therefore preferred.The length breadth ratio of this fiber is more than 10, is preferably more than 20, more preferably more than 100.This fiber preferably uses as fabric basically, and this moment is the fiber of endless preferably, and the fiber that subsistence level 1m is above is more than the preferred 10m, more preferably more than the 100m.

[relation of the fiber (a) in first polaroid of the present invention, fiber (b), optical clear resin (c) and the fiber that according to circumstances uses (b ')]

In first polaroid of the present invention, the consistent or quadrature of direction that direction that above-mentioned many fibers (a) are arranged and above-mentioned many fibers (b) are arranged.In addition, when unanimity, the refractive index of the above-mentioned short-axis direction of above-mentioned many fibers (b) is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c), in addition, when quadrature, the refractive index of the above-mentioned long axis direction of above-mentioned many fibers (b) is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c).Here, what is called is roughly consistent, is meant that the difference of the refractive index of the refractive index of long axis direction of fiber (b) and optical clear resin (c) is in 0.01.As mentioned above, have optical clear resin with the roughly consistent refractive index of the refractive index of the long axis direction of fiber (b), can obtain the high polaroid of degree of polarization by use.

In addition, during an above-mentioned direction quadrature that above-mentioned direction of arranging at above-mentioned many fibers (a) and above-mentioned many fibers (b) are arranged, it is organizine that preferred above-mentioned many fibers (a) and above-mentioned many fibers (b) are in either party, be the form of the fabric of tram with the opposing party.At this moment, preferably inweave to high-density, as the technology of superfine fibre being carried out high-density fabricization, the example can enumerate that the spy opens flat 09-170175 communique and the spy opens the disclosed technology of 2000-008247 communique.The manufacture method of carrying out fabricization is not limited to these, can use the technology relevant with existing high-density fabric.About fabric, disappear in order to make its interfibrous slit, also can utilize hot pressing etc. to carry out calendering processing, carry out fiber is made the secondary processing of flat grade.The fiber that is used for fabric also can be any of monofilament, multifibres, but preferred easy to handle multifibres more on operating surface.The width of fabric, the length that obtain are not particularly limited, but industrial preferred 300mm～4, and 000mm is wide, more than the length 10m, further preferred 400mm～3, and 500mm is wide, more than the length 100m, most preferably be 500mm～3, and 000mm is wide, more than the length 200m.When width less than 300mm, length during less than 10m, misfit with the width of the phase-contrast film that glues together etc., reduce adding the man-hour yield rate, when width greater than 4, during 000mm, be difficult to reel equably as the volume film.As organizine in the fabric and tram, with PVA fiber (a) during as organizine, as tram, with fiber (b) during as organizine, as tram, which is an organizine, which can for tram with PVA fiber (a) with fiber (b).

Above-mentioned many fibers (a) and many fibers (b) are preferable over and comprise in the optical clear resin and fixing.

First polaroid of the present invention is in the difference of the refractive index that contains long axis direction and short-axis direction during less than 0.05 fiber (b '), makes the mean value of refractive index of the refractive index of above-mentioned long axis direction of fiber (b ') and above-mentioned short-axis direction roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c).

In addition, when containing fiber (b '), when the above-mentioned direction that above-mentioned direction of arranging at above-mentioned many fibers (a) and above-mentioned many fibers (b) are arranged is consistent, preferred above-mentioned many fibers (b ') the above-mentioned direction of arrangement and the above-mentioned orientation quadrature of many fibers (a) and fiber (b).

And, can form with the either party of above-mentioned many fibers (a) and above-mentioned many fibers (b) or two sides and be organizine or tram, be the fabric of organizine or tram with above-mentioned many fibers (b ').

Preferred above-mentioned many fibers (a), many fibers (b) and many fibers (b ') comprise in the optical clear resin and are fixing.

Below, second polaroid of the present invention is described.

Second polaroid is made of fiber (a), fiber (b ') and optical clear resin (c).Above-mentioned fiber (a), optical clear resin (c) and fiber (b '), with identical in the content described in first polaroid of the present invention.

When second polaroid contained above-mentioned fiber (a) and fiber (b '), the mean value of the refractive index of the above-mentioned long axis direction of above-mentioned fiber (b ') and the refractive index of above-mentioned short-axis direction was roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin (c).In addition, it is organizine that this moment preferred above-mentioned many fibers (a) and above-mentioned many fibers (b ') are in either party, be the form of the fabric of tram with the opposing party the above-mentioned direction quadrature of (b ') arrangement so that above-mentioned direction that above-mentioned many fibers (a) are arranged and above-mentioned many fibers.It is desirable to, above-mentioned many fibers (a) or itself and many fibers (b ') comprise in the optical clear resin and are fixing.

[the 3D structure of first and second polaroid of the present invention]

Polaroid of the present invention, absorption and the fiber (a) of dichromatism pigment orientation is listed in a direction in the face of polaroid.At this moment, can have the form of wavy texture at the thickness direction of polaroid.When using XYZ coordinate to represent the 3D structure of polaroid of the present invention, fiber (a) is listed in the situation of a direction in the face of polaroid, be when in face, being set at the XY plane with polaroid, if when specifying directions X to be a direction, the fiber more than or two (a) shows as with respect to directions X and is arranged in parallel.In addition, fiber (a) has the situation of wavy texture at the thickness direction of polaroid, show as plane with respect to XY, the shape that has amplitude in the Z direction, and wavy texture is with respect to the Z direction, is starting point with 0, and with from being the structure of one-period to 0 the amplitude born, reach home just, preferably its wavy texture is roughly rule and structure uniformly.Here, with respect to the XY plane as the polaroid plane, the part at fiber (a) place has the stereoregularity that has amplitude in the Z direction, is meant that fiber (a) has angle with respect to the XY plane.Particularly, during the maximum angle R of the angle that the XY plane in 1/4 cycle of definition and wavy texture constitutes,, can compensate polarized light property corresponding to maximum angle R as liquid crystal display cells as the index of representing its angular dimension.Therefore, the wavy form of fiber (a), maximum angle R is big more preferred more, specifically, is preferably more than 5 degree, more preferably more than 10 degree, most preferably is more than 15 degree.

The wavy form that fiber among the present invention (a) forms for example can be enumerated the form of the fabric that has used fiber.Used the situation of the wavy form of fabric, the amplitude spacing of wavy form and with the maximum angle R on XY plane, can regulate by the ratio of the fibre diameter of organizine and tram.If for example fiber (a) is used other optical clear silk as organizine, tram, if increase the fibre diameter of tram with respect to organizine, then the amplitude spacing of wavy form reaches with the maximum angle R on XY plane big with regard to change, if dwindle the fibre diameter of tram with respect to organizine, then can dwindle wavy form the amplitude spacing and with the maximum angle R on XY plane.The formation technology of the wavy form that forms as fiber (a), be not limited to the fabric process technology, with the technology of the fibre array of other shape of memory and utilize hot pressing to form wavy form etc., so long as process the method for wavy form, use any can.

[polaroid volume of the present invention]

Polaroid volume of the present invention, it is in the form that of the present invention above-mentioned first or second polaroid is reeled, two directions that see through axle and absorption axes of above-mentioned polaroid and the coiling direction of above-mentioned volume and all inconsistent with the direction of its quadrature.

Use is set at the fabric of fiber (a) with tram and makes polaroid when volume, polaroid see through the short-axis direction (cross-wise direction) that axle becomes fiber (a), thus, the coiling direction that can be adjusted to respect to the polaroid volume through axle of polaroid is a parallel direction.

Above-mentioned fabrics can be enumerated the above multi-axial fabric of diaxon.The manufacture method of two axial fabrics for example can be listed below method: make the braider of organizine and tram skewed crossing (tiltedly knitting), make the length direction of fiber (a) with respect to fabric, additional certain special angle is processed into sheet.For example open the technology of tiltedly knitting that discloses two axial fabrics in the clear 63-196738 communique the public clear 51-28748 communique of spy, spy.Tiltedly knitting in the two axial fabrics in the present invention can be used above-mentioned fiber (b) or (b ') to make organizine, be used fiber (a) to make as tram.By regulating crisscross as the fiber (a) of tram, the angle that sees through axle that can regulate the polaroid that constitutes by the oblique fabric sheet that obtains.In addition, polaroid sees through the short-axis direction that axle is equivalent to fiber.

As being used for other fabric of the present invention, also can utilize multiaxis fabrics such as triaxial fabric, quadaxial fabric.Can make fiber (a) with respect to additional certain the specific angle of the length direction of fabric, be processed into sheet.At this moment, fiber (a) becomes the fiber of this direction, and therefore, seeing through a length direction with respect to fiber (a) is vertical direction.Method for making as the multiaxis fabric more than two direction of principal axis, can make by the following method: a state that is arranged that at first forms a direction, afterwards, the silk of the direction different with it similarly is under the good state of arrangement, and with the good different direction of silk of aforementioned arrangement on overlapping, solution by giving its cementability, powder or sew up with silk and to make it integrated, perhaps give thermal bonding by spraying to the silk of a direction in advance, be fixed into multidirectional silk thus.These manufacture methods can by with silk all doubling make in a direction and multidirectional equipment and the manufacturing equipment of when bonding, fixing each for the silk of keeping the doubling state.Open clear 62-54904 communique the spy, the spy opens in the clear 47-6585 communique and discloses this manufacture method.And, as the adjustment of the angle of the crossing of organizine and tram, can adjust by the angular adjustment apparatus of fabric, can easily adjust the angle of the crossing of organizine, tram thus.Implemented the fabric of angular setting, also can be used as the monomer fabric and use, in addition, also the fabric of having adjusted angle can have been carried out stackedly, and carried out the fusion crimping, used as high order multiaxis fabric.

In addition, fabric for example has plain weave, twill weave, crowfoot satin, band to knit, leno is knitted etc., also can be its any.

The thickness of polaroid of the present invention is generally 1～200 μ m, preferred 5～150 μ m, most preferably 10～100 μ m.When its during less than 1 μ m, be difficult to guarantee polarizing properties as polaroid, in addition, also difficult from operating surface.In addition,, problems such as the polaroid that obtains can crack are arranged when bending, have and to use and to cut the very problem of difficulty with reeling condition when its thickness during greater than 200 μ m.

When making polaroid volume of the present invention, the orientation direction of fiber (a) is not defined as the throughput direction of polaroid, is the length direction of polaroid volume, as required can with throughput direction quadrature or directed and fix in the angle of regulation.When polaroid was handled as film, film was reeled, and used as the web-like form, and the length of film rolling, width are without limits.At this moment, polaroid can be wound on the tube of cylindric cores such as interval paper, vinyl chloride, thereby makes the polaroid volume.

When manufacturing polaroid of the present invention is rolled up, use gel-type resin to be made as an example of optical clear resin, can be listed below method: on the fabric that has used fiber (a), use the aforementioned gel-type resins of coating such as solvent as required, make through overcuring, drying etc., and make film like, be wound into volume.When considering, form curing resin layer after the preferred coated apace from the productivity aspect, when considering widely used material, process equipment aspect, more preferably ultraviolet curing resin.

In addition, also the fabric that has used above-mentioned fiber (a) can be deposited on the bottom substrates such as thin polymer film, glass substrate and dispose,, make its curing then its coating curing type resin.At this moment, polaroid of the present invention can be made of one and use with thin polymer film, glass substrate, also can peel and use from thin polymer film, glass baseplate.

Bottom substrate as the supporter of the fabric that uses fiber (a) also can use phase-contrast film, can be made into do not need from phase-contrast film peel polaroid of the present invention, the one-piece type light polarizing film of phase-contrast film.

Polaroid volume of the present invention, polaroid is wound on the above-mentioned material of cylindrical roll shape.

The size of volume is not particularly limited, for example usually with the size of 1 inch～20 inches of diameters for well.In addition, the length of web-like polaroid is not particularly limited, and for example is 100m～10,000m.

Polaroid volume of the present invention also can carry out surface treatment.Surface treatment also can be following processing: on liquid crystal cells and the face that do not glue together, implement hard conating and anti-reflex treated, anti-adhesive and with not only indiffusion but also anti-dazzle be the processing of purpose.

It is the processing of implementing for the damage that prevents light polarizing film etc. that hard conating is handled, and for example can form by the lip-deep mode etc. that good curing tunicles such as the hardness that will be made by the suitable ultraviolet curing resin of acrylic compounds, silicon class etc. and sliding properties are additional to transparent protective film.In addition, by using the suitable ultraviolet curing resin itself of acrylic compounds, silicon class etc., also can make polaroid with hard conating function.Anti-reflex treated is for the processing that prevents that outer light from implementing in the reflection on polaroid surface, can wait by the anti-reflective film that forms existing standard and finish.In addition, anti-stiction treatment is the processing in order to prevent to implement with the adhesion of adjacent layer.

In addition; non-glare treated is in order to prevent that outer light from hindering polaroid and seeing through looking of light and recognize and wait and the processing of execution in the surface reflection of polaroid; the asperities mode that for example can be by utilizing sandblast mode, embossing processing mode and the suitable modes such as hybrid mode of transparent particulate, the surperficial small concaveconvex structure of giving transparent protective film forms.As particulate contained in the formation of the small concaveconvex structure of aforementioned surfaces, the mineral-type particulate that also has electric conductivity that for example uses silica, aluminium oxide, titania, zirconia, tin oxide, indium oxide, cadmium oxide, antimony oxide of being 0.5～50 μ m by mean grain size etc. to constitute, the transparent particulates such as organic based fine particles that constitute by crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymkeric substance etc.When forming surperficial small concaveconvex structure, the use amount of particulate, transparent resin 100 weight portions with respect to forming surperficial small concaveconvex structure are generally about 2～50 weight portions preferred 5～25 weight portions.Thereby antiglare layer also can have both and be used to spread polarization and see through the diffusion layer (field angle expanded functionality etc.) that light enlarges field angle etc.

Polaroid volume of the present invention was preferably implemented surface treatment before bonding with liquid crystal cells.Surface treatment can be enumerated Corona discharge Treatment, ultraviolet treatment with irradiation etc., and the contact angle of preferred water droplet and pellicular front is the following surface state of 65 degree, more preferably the following surface state of 60 degree.

Also can use polaroid volume of the present invention and phase-contrast film and field angle to enlarge optical compensating films such as film simultaneously.And, as liquid crystal indicator, in the liquid crystal indicator that has used ferroelectric liquid crystal, anti-ferroelectricity liquid crystal, also can use polaroid of the present invention.Here, when using the polaroid volume at the same time, polaroid volume of the present invention and phase-contrast film are involved in capable volume to volume gummed, become advantage very big on the production technology with phase-contrast film.At this moment, it is characterized in that the axle that sees through that polaroid is rolled up is in a vertical direction in addition with respect to the coiling direction of rolling up, wherein, aspect the efficient of the cut-out size behind the phase-contrast film gummed, preferably seeing through a coiling direction with respect to light polarizing film is parallel direction.On the other hand, see through axle when the coiling direction with light polarizing film is set at 0 °, be in a direction of 5～85 ° and preferably as the combination that when glue together, has characteristic with phase-contrast film, more preferably 0～80 °, most preferably 20～70 °.

[optical component]

First and second polaroid of the present invention as polarizing layer, is used for by it and shows the optical component that the duplexer of the optical layers of other optical function beyond the polarized light constitutes.At this moment, at polaroid of the present invention is on first polaroid and the face that is arranged with many fibers (a) and the thickness direction of face at polaroid that is arranged with many fibers (b) when overlapping, and above-mentioned other optical layers is laminated in a side of the face that is arranged with many fibers (a).Show the optical layers of polarized light other optical property in addition, for example can enumerate phase separation layer.

Phase separation layer among the present invention is the layer that gives phase differential, as the one example, can enumerate the phase-contrast film that transparent thermoplastic synthetic high polymer film stretching is processed into.

Good phase-contrast films such as phase-contrast film preferably clear, physical strength, thermal stability, covering property of moisture, isotropy.The material that is used for phase-contrast film, for example can enumerate: polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, PEN, acrylate copolymers such as polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene, acrylonitritrile-styrene resin styrene polymers such as (AS resins), polycarbonate etc.In addition, can also enumerate: tygon, polypropylene, polyolefin with lopps or norborene structure, polyolefin as ethylene-propylene copolymer and so on, vinyl chloride-base polymer, amide polymer such as nylon and aromatic polyamide, imide polymer, sulfone polymer, polyether sulfone polymer, polyetheretherketonepolymer polymer, polyphenylene sulfide polymer, vinyl alcohol polymer, vinylidene chloride polymer, polyvinyl butyral, acrylate polymer, the potpourris of polymethanal polymer or aforementioned polymer etc. are as the example of the polymkeric substance that forms aforementioned phase-contrast film.At this moment, phase-contrast film need be made film and have full intensity, and the material of Shi Heing can preferably be enumerated in this: polycarbonate, norbornene resin polymkeric substance, acrylate polymer, polysulfones etc.

The phase-contrast film preferably clear is good, haze value is below 5%, and total light transmittance is the film below 85%.Preferred 160～260 ℃ of the glass temperature of phase-contrast film, more preferably 170～250 ℃, preferred especially 180～240 ℃.When being lower than its glass temperature, the dimensional stability variation, in addition, when surpassing its glass temperature, it is very difficult that the control of the temperature of stretching process becomes, and therefore, makes difficulty.Phase-contrast film is the birefringent film with phase differential, represents with length of delay as the birefringence of its optical characteristics, is divided into the length of delay (K value) of interior length of delay (R value) of face and thickness direction especially.Described R value and K value are used following formula (a) and (b) definition respectively.

R＝Δn·d＝(nx-ny)·d (a)

K＝((nx+ny)/2-nz)·d (b)

The unit of R value, K value is nm.Nx, ny, nz at this as giving a definition.

Nx: the largest refractive index in the pellicular front,

Ny: with the refractive index in the orientation of the direction quadrature of the largest refractive index of expression in the pellicular front,

Nz: the refractive index of film normal direction

D: film thickness

Main draw direction is meant, is draw direction when uniaxial tension, for improving the draw direction of degree of orientation, is meant the orientation direction of high polymer main chain on chemical constitution when biaxial stretching.

Phase-contrast film also can be optics single shaft or the biaxiality film with phase differential.

Other phase separation layer is the layer that has the refractive index anisotropy and have optical axis on the normal direction of aspect, also can be following any one: postponing is that the reflection wavelength of positive wavelength dispersing characteristic is positioned at the ultraviolet range, reverses polymerizable chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystal layer that orientation forms, the discoid liquid crystal layer of polymerism that vertical orientation forms; Perhaps in when coating, the overlay that constitutes by the material that on normal direction, manifests phase differential with respect to layer; Or has indicatrix phase separation layer with the mixed structure of radiation wire configuration on the thickness direction of film.

[polaroid application]

First and second polaroid of the present invention, by gluing together with phase-contrast film, as polaroid utilization with optical compensation function, can formation have the good liquid crystal indicators of display quality such as wide field angle and contrast, can be used for using the polaroid that any liquid crystal modes such as TFT liquid crystal indicator such as chiral nematic mode, vertical orientation mode, OCB (Optically Compensated Bend) oriented approach, in-plane switching mode are arranged.When it uses in reality, can be applied to all purposes as the polaroid use, for example so long as liquid crystal indicator just can form infiltration type, reflection-type or the semi-penetration type etc. that use backlight or reflecting plate and semi-transmission type reflecting plate in illuminator.Use the display device of other polaroid etc., can enumerate the display device of having used liquid crystal projector, ferroelectric liquid crystal, anti-ferroelectricity liquid crystal, organic EL display etc., they also can use polaroid of the present invention.

It is bonding that polaroid of the present invention can use bonding coat that itself and liquid crystal panel are carried out, but have at polaroid under the form of bonding coat, in order to prevent to pollute etc., takes interim bonding separation layer and the mode that covers.

Bonding coat also for example can contain: natural goods and complex resene, particularly give fusible resin, by the filling agent that glass fibre, beaded glass, metal powder, other inorganic powder etc. constitute, pigment, colorant, antioxidant etc. are added on the adjuvant in the bonding coat.In addition, also can be to contain particulate and the diffusible bonding coat of display light.To setting up of the bonding coat of polaroid, can carry out with suitable method.As the example, for example can enumerate: in the solvent that single thing or potpourri by appropriate solvent such as toluene and ethyl acetate constitute, dissolving or raw material dispersion polymkeric substance or its composition, binder solution about preparation 10～40 weight %, move to it on polaroid with suitable method of deploying such as The tape casting, application pattern then or on the optical thin film, thereby on the polaroid or form the mode etc. of bonding coat on the optical thin film.The thickness of bonding coat can suitably determine according to application target and bonding force, is generally 1～500 μ m, is preferably 2～200 μ m, is preferably 10～100 μ m especially.

The separation layer of bonding coat, for example can use suitable removers such as using silicon class, chain alkyl class, fluorine class, molybdenum sulfide as required, plastic sheeting, rubber sheet, paper, cloth, nonwoven fabrics, net, foam sheet, metal forming, their suitable slender lobule bodies such as duplexer be applied the suitable separation layer that meets existing standard handling and obtain etc.

Optical component among the present invention is configured in the one or both sides of liquid crystal cells.At this moment, more can reproduce polarizing properties owing to constitute when the fiber (a) of this optical component is configured in the position of more approaching liquid crystal cells than fiber (b), therefore preferred.

Embodiment

Below, embodiments of the invention are described, but the present invention is not limited by it.In addition, the material behavior value described in this instructions etc. is the value that the evaluation assessment below utilizing obtains.

(1) mensuration of light penetration, degree of polarization

Light penetration T by at the wavelength domain of 400～700nm every the spectrophotometric transmittance t (λ) that 10nm obtains, utilize following formula to calculate.In addition, in the formula, P (λ) is that the beam split of standard light (illuminant-C) distributes, and y (λ) is based on the isochrome function of 2 degree visual field X, Y, Z system.Spectrophotometric transmittance t (λ) uses spectrophotometer (Hitachi Co., Ltd, U-4000) to measure.

$T=\frac{\underset{400}{\overset{700}{\∫}}P\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\·y\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\·t\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\·\mathrm{d\λ}}{\underset{400}{\overset{700}{\∫}}P\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\·y\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\·\mathrm{d\λ}}$

Degree of polarization P utilizes following formula to calculate, wherein, transmitance when overlapping is set at Tp (parallel transmitance) in the identical mode of separately absorption axes direction with making two polaroids, and the transmitance when overlapping is set at Tc (cross Nicols transmitance) in the mode of separately absorption axes quadrature with making two polaroids.

$P=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{Tp}-\mathrm{Tc}}{\mathrm{Tp}+\mathrm{Tc}}}\×100$

(2) thickness measurement

Measure with the electronic ga(u)ge that ア Application リ Star company makes.

(3) detecting refractive index of fiber

The BH-2 polarizing microscope compensator that uses OLYMPUS company to make utilizes common interference fringe method, is obtained by phase difference value and fibre diameter.

The refractive index of fiber, it is calculated the refractive index of long axis direction and short-axis direction by the fiber uniaxial orientation by fibre diameter, phase difference value, mean refractive index.

Mean refractive index: n (on average)=(nx+ny+nz)/3

Refringence: Δ n=nx-ny

Uniaxial orientation: ny=nz

Nx=n (on average)+Δ n * 2/3

Ny=nz=n (on average)-Δ n * 1/3

(4) the field angle evaluating characteristics of polaroid

When two polaroids are overlapping in the mode of absorption axes quadrature (cross Nicols configuration), measure with respect to absorption axes, the variation A (T Δ 30%) that is positioned at the transmitance in 45 degree orientation is 30% o'clock a field angle.

Embodiment 1

PVA (the Network ラ レ of Co., Ltd. manufacturing, the degree of polymerization 4,000, saponification degree 99.9%) is dissolved in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent (below, abbreviate DMSO as), and preparation PVA concentration is the spinning solution of 16 weight %.The spinning head of 100 μ m, hole count 300 is ejected into the coagulating bath that is made of methyl alcohol from the aperture under 100 ℃ with this spinning solution, carry out the dry-and wet-type spinning with spin-stretch ratio 2.0, air gap 30mm, then, use methanol extraction DMSO on one side, in methanol bath, carry out spin-drawing on one side, make its drying obtain PVA undrawn yarn (diameter 10 μ m) then.Use 110 ℃ warm-up mill to be stretched to 6.5 times this undrawn yarn, obtain PVA fiber (diameter 2 μ m).With this PVA fiber regular length direction, be dipping 60 seconds in 0.075/5/100 the aqueous solution in the weight ratio of iodine/potassium iodide/water.Then, be dipping 300 seconds in 6/7.5/100 65 ℃ the boronic acid containing aqueous solution in the weight ratio of potassium iodide/boric acid/water.With pure water with its wash, drying.

Then, carry out the esterification of terephthalic acid (TPA) 166 weight portions and ethylene glycol 75 weight portions, afterwards, interpolation obtains polyethylene terephthalate as phosphoric acid 85% aqueous solution 0.03 weight portion of painted inhibitor, as antimony trioxide 0.06 weight portion of polycondensation catalyst, carry out polycondensation reaction as cobalt acetate 4 hydrates 0.06 weight portion of toner.Use this polyester, under 295 ℃ of spinning temperatures, carry out melt spinning, obtain dacron (diameter 5 μ m).The refractive index of this dacron is the longitudinal axis (major axis) direction 1.63, short-axis direction 1.56, and refringence is 0.07.

This is contained the long axis direction that the PVA fiber seamless unoccupied place on glass plate that is soaked with iodine is listed in glass plate, and the configuration thickness be 20 μ m (as fiber the layer are about 10 layers), and, dacron and PVA fiber are listed in same direction.

Then, with add BPEF-A:205 weight portion, UA:295 weight portion successively, as " beginning agent " 184:15 weight portion of light trigger, as the SH28PA:0.18 weight portion of levelling agent and be stirred to uniform potpourri and carry out the liquid modulation.

BPEF-A: two phenoxetol fluorenes diacrylates (manufacturing of Osaka gas Co., Ltd.)

UA: urethane acrylate (Xin Zhong village KCC makes " NK オ リ go U-15HA ")

" beginning agent " 184 (manufacturing of チ パ ガ イ ギ one company)

SH28PA (manufacturing of East レ ダ ウ コ one ニ Application グ company)

Modulate on the duplexer that the solution that forms is coated in aforesaid ready PVA fiber (a) and layer of polyester fiber (b) equably the state that forms fibrage (a) and (b) comprise by this solution.To its high-pressure mercury light irradiation accumulative total light quantity 700mJ/cm with intensity 160w ²Ultraviolet ray, this solution is solidified, obtain by the optical clear resin comprise PVA fibrous bundle and dacron bundle, thickness is the polaroid of 50 μ m.At this moment, the refractive index of optical clear resin is 1.56.

The light penetration of the polaroid that obtains like this is 45.0%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.This polaroid is added wet process after 100 hours under the atmosphere gas of 85 ℃ of following 85%RH, measuring optical characteristics.At this moment, the transmitance of polaroid is 44.9%, degree of polarization is 99.9%, thereby can confirms as the high polaroid of humidity resistance.

In addition, to use commercially available transmission type liquid crystal display device (the プ レ イ ス テ of Sony Corp one シ ヨ Application Port one タ Block Le model PSP-1000) by the above-mentioned polaroid that obtains, make the liquid crystal indicator of following formation, polaroid disposes in the mode of cross Nicols, measured the increase of normal brightness when white, confirmed to have reached 17% brightness and promoted effect.

Constitute: (fibrage (b ') side) polaroid (fibrage (a) side)/phase-contrast film/liquid crystal cells/phase-contrast film/(fibrage (a) side) polaroid (fibrage (b ') side)/2/diffusion film/light guide plate of prismatic film+LED6 (backlight)/mirror reflective plate

Reference example 1

Under 110 ℃ of draft temperatures, PVA film (the Network ラ レ of Co., Ltd., the degree of polymerization 2,400, saponification degree 99.9%, thickness 75 μ m) is uniaxially stretched to 5.0 times, makes the polarisation base material.Tension force when this polarisation base material is kept stretching is dipping 60 seconds in 0.075/5/100 the aqueous solution in the weight ratio of iodine/potassium iodide/water.Then, be dipping 300 seconds in 6/7.5/100 65 ℃ the boronic acid containing aqueous solution in the weight ratio of potassium iodide/boric acid/water.With its with pure water wash, drying.The thickness that contains the PVA film that is soaked with iodine that obtains thus is 20 μ m.On the two sides of dried film, use PVA class bonding agent gummed TAC film (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. makes, the TAC-UV80 of Fuji).The transmitance of the polaroid that obtains like this is 44.1%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.This polaroid is added wet process after 100 hours under the atmosphere gas of 85 ℃ of following 85%RH, measuring optical characteristics.At this moment, the transmitance of polaroid is 58.3%, and degree of polarization is 52.1%.In addition, in order to protect in the TAC film that has carried out gummed as the PVA film of polarizer, seen corrosion.

In addition, this polaroid is used commercially available transmission type liquid crystal display device, and (Sony Corp makes, プ レ イ ス テ one シ ヨ Application Port one タ Block Le model PSP-1000), make the liquid crystal indicator of following formation, polaroid disposes in the mode of cross Nicols, the increase of brightness when mensuration is often white finds that brightness is identical with the initial stage degree.

Constitute: (PVC film side) polaroid (TAC film side)/phase-contrast film/liquid crystal cells/phase-contrast film/(PVC film side) polaroid (TAC film side)/2/diffusion film/light guide plate of prismatic film+LED6 (backlight)/mirror reflective plate

Embodiment 2

PVA (the Network ラ レ of Co., Ltd. manufacturing, the degree of polymerization 4,000, saponification degree 99.9%) is dissolved in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent (below, abbreviate DMSO as), and preparation PVA concentration is the spinning solution of 16 weight %.With this spinning solution under 100 ℃, the spinning head of 100 μ m, hole count 50 is ejected into the coagulating bath that is made of methyl alcohol from the aperture, with spin-stretch ratio 2.0, carry out the dry-and wet-type spinning with air gap 30mm, then, use methanol extraction DMSO on one side, in methanol bath, carry out spin-drawing on one side, make its drying then, obtain PVA undrawn yarn (diameter 6 μ m).Use 110 ℃ warm-up mill to be stretched to 6.5 times this undrawn yarn, obtain PVA fiber (diameter 2 μ m).This PVA fiber is kept its length in the mode that does not cause contraction in the longitudinal direction, is dipping 60 seconds in 0.075/5/100 the aqueous solution in the weight ratio of iodine/potassium iodide/water.Then, be dipping 300 seconds in 6/7.5/100 65 ℃ the boronic acid containing aqueous solution in the weight ratio of potassium iodide/boric acid/water.With its with pure water wash, drying.The dry PVA resin fibre of crossing that is adsorbed with iodine is as being that the composite filament of 1 bundle uses with 50.At this moment, the diameter of composite filament is about 40 μ m.

Then, be 0.85 tygon-2 with limiting viscosity, 6-naphthoic acid ester sheet is from the spinning nozzle of circular nozzle slit (L/D=2) with hole count 30, aperture 0.1mm, 315 ℃ of polymer temperatures, to carry out melt spinning in spinning speed 500m/ minute.At this moment, the cylinder type cartridge heater that 3 sections 30cm are long links, and is set under the spinning head.Under cartridge heater, run through length 45cm with 3.5m ³The speed of/hr (normal) blows 20 ℃ cooling air, realizes the cooling of silk.Then, give finish with finish roll after, import carry-over pinch rolls, reel with up-coiler.Thus, obtain the tygon-2 of diameter 6 μ m, the undrawn yarn of 6-naphthoic acid ester.At this moment, the diameter of composite filament is about 40 μ m.The refractive index of this dacron is long axis direction 1.582, short-axis direction 1.577, and refringence is 0.005, and mean refractive index is 1.58.

At this, form the raw material of optical clear resin, with add BPEF-A:304.5 weight portion, UA:195.5 weight portion successively, as " beginning agent " 184:15 weight portion of light trigger, as the SH28PA:0.18 weight portion of levelling agent and be stirred to uniform potpourri and carry out the liquid modulation, obtain solution.

BPEF-A: two phenoxetol fluorenes diacrylates (manufacturing of Osaka gas Co., Ltd.)

UA: urethane acrylate (Xin Zhong village KCC makes " NK オ リ go U-15HA ")

" beginning agent " 184 (manufacturing of チ パ ガ イ ギ one company)

SH28PA (manufacturing of East レ ダ ウ コ one ニ Application グ company)

This PVA fiber (a) that is adsorbed with iodine is set at organizine, dacron (b ') is set at tram, make the fabric of vertical 40cm, horizontal 20cm, thickness 40 μ m.At the above-mentioned solution for preparing of the two sides of this fabric coating, so that the fabric that is made of fiber (a), (b ') is dipped in this solution.The UV irradiation that utilizes high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp to produce makes its curing, and solution is cured, thereby obtains that fiber (a), (b ') are comprised by the optical clear resin and fixing, thickness is the polaroid of 50 μ m.The transmitance of the polaroid that obtains like this is 45.2%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.This polaroid is added wet process after 100 hours under the atmosphere gas of 85 ℃ of following 85%RH, measuring optical characteristics.At this moment, the transmitance of polaroid is 44.6%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.In addition, the refractive index of optical clear resin is 1.58.

Embodiment 3

PVA (the Network ラ レ of Co., Ltd. manufacturing, the degree of polymerization 4,000, saponification degree 99.9%) is dissolved in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent (below, abbreviate DMSO as), and preparation PVA concentration is the spinning solution of 16 weight %.This spinning solution spinning head of 100 μ m, hole count 50 under 100 ℃, from the aperture is ejected into the coagulating bath that is made of methyl alcohol, carry out the dry-and wet-type spinning with spin-stretch ratio 2.0, air gap 30mm, then, use methanol extraction DMSO on one side, in methanol bath, carry out spin-drawing on one side, make its drying then, obtain the undrawn yarn (diameter 10 μ m) of PVA.Use 110 ℃ warm-up mill to be stretched to 6.5 times this undrawn yarn, obtain PVA fiber (diameter 2 μ m).The length direction of this PVA fiber is fixed, and is dipping 60 seconds in 0.075/5/100 the aqueous solution in the weight ratio of iodine/potassium iodide/water.Then, be dipping 300 seconds in 6/7.5/100 65 ℃ the boronic acid containing aqueous solution in the weight ratio of potassium iodide/boric acid/water.With its with pure water wash, drying.The dried PVA resin fibre that is adsorbed with iodine is as being that the composite filament of 1 bundle uses with 50.At this moment, the diameter of composite filament is about 40 μ m.

Then, carry out the esterification of terephthalic acid (TPA) 166 weight portions and ethylene glycol 75 weight portions, then, interpolation is as phosphoric acid 85% aqueous solution 0.03 weight portion of painted inhibitor, as antimony trioxide 0.06 weight portion of polycondensation catalyst, as cobalt acetate 4 hydrates 0.06 weight portion of toner, carry out polycondensation reaction, obtain polyethylene terephthalate.Use this polyester, under 295 ℃ of spinning temperatures, carry out melt spinning, obtain dacron (diameter 3 μ m).The refractive index of this dacron is long axis direction 1.62, short-axis direction 1.55, and birefraction is 0.07.At this moment, be that 1 bundle uses with 40, at this moment, the diameter of composite filament is 40 μ m.

At this, as the optical clear resin, with add BPEF-A:460 weight portion, UA:40 weight portion successively, as " beginning agent " 184:15 weight portion of light trigger, as the SH28PA:0.18 weight portion of levelling agent and be stirred to uniform potpourri and carry out the liquid modulation.

BPEF-A: two phenoxetol fluorenes diacrylates (manufacturing of Osaka gas Co., Ltd.)

UA: urethane acrylate (Xin Zhong village KCC makes " NK オ リ go U-15HA ")

" beginning agent " 184 (manufacturing of チ パ ガ イ ギ one company)

SH28PA (manufacturing of East レ ダ ウ コ one ニ Application グ company)

Then, will contain the PVA fiber (a) that is soaked with iodine and dispose side by side in the seamless unoccupied place of long axis direction of glass plate upper edge glass plate, and, go up at PVA fiber (a) dacron (b) is listed in direction with PVA fiber (b) quadrature.

Above-mentioned ready optical clear resin is coated on the duplexer of fiber (a) and (b) equably the state that forms fiber (a) and (b) comprised by this solution.Utilization makes its curing by the UV irradiation that high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp produces, and obtains that fiber (a), (b ') are comprised by the optical clear resin and fixing, thickness is the polaroid of 85 μ m.The transmitance of the polaroid that obtains like this is 44.8%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.This polaroid is added wet process after 100 hours under the atmosphere gas of 85 ℃ of following 85%RH, measuring optical characteristics.At this moment, the transmitance of polaroid is 44.6%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.The refractive index of the optical clear resin that obtains in addition, is 1.62.

In addition, (Sony Corp makes will to use commercially available transmission type liquid crystal display device by the above-mentioned polaroid that obtains, プ レ イ ス テ one シ ヨ Application Port one タ Block Le model PSP-1000), make the liquid crystal indicator of following formation, polaroid disposes in the mode of cross Nicols, the increase of brightness when mensuration is often white has confirmed to have reached 23% brightness lifting effect.

Constitute: (fiber (b) side) polaroid (fiber (a) side)/phase-contrast film/liquid crystal cells/phase-contrast film/(fiber (a) side) polaroid (fiber (b) side)/2/diffusion film/light guide plate of prismatic film+LED6 (backlight)/mirror reflective plate

Embodiment 4

Similarly to Example 3, obtain PVA fiber (a) and fiber (b) and optical clear resin.

Then, (a) is set at organizine with the PVA fiber, and (b) is set at tram with fiber, makes the fabric of vertical 40cm, horizontal 20cm, thickness 45 μ m.The solution of the above-mentioned modulation of coating on the two sides of this fabric is so that the fabric that is made of the fiber (a) and (b) is dipped in this solution.Utilization makes its curing by the UV irradiation that high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp produces, and solution is solidified, and obtains that the fiber (a) and (b) are comprised by the optical clear resin and fixing, thickness is the polaroid of 50 μ m.The transmitance of the polaroid that obtains like this is 44.9%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.This polaroid is added wet process after 100 hours under the atmosphere gas of 85 ℃ of following 85%RH, measuring optical characteristics.At this moment, the transmitance of polaroid is 44.8%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.

In addition, (Sony Corp makes will to use commercially available transmission type liquid crystal display device by the above-mentioned polaroid that obtains, プ レ イ ス テ one シ ヨ Application Port one タ Block Le model PSP-1000), make the liquid crystal indicator of following formation, polaroid disposes in the mode of cross Nicols, the increase of brightness when mensuration is often white has confirmed to have reached 16% brightness lifting effect.

Constitute: (fiber (b) side) polaroid (fiber (a) side)/phase-contrast film/liquid crystal cells/phase-contrast film/(fiber (a) side) polaroid (fiber (b) side)/2/diffusion film/light guide plate of prismatic film+LED6 (backlight)/mirror reflective plate

Embodiment 5

PVA (the Network ラ レ of Co., Ltd. manufacturing, the degree of polymerization 4,000, saponification degree 99.9%) is dissolved in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent (below, abbreviate DMSO as), and preparation PVA concentration is the spinning solution of 16 weight %.This spinning solution spinning head of 100 μ m, hole count 50 under 100 ℃, from the aperture is ejected into the coagulating bath that is made of methyl alcohol, carry out the dry-and wet-type spinning with spin-stretch ratio 2.0, air gap 30mm, then, use methanol extraction DMSO on one side, in methanol bath, carry out spinning on one side, make its drying then, obtain the undrawn yarn (diameter 86 μ m, monofilament 10 μ m) of PVA.Use 110 ℃ warm-up mill to be stretched to 6.5 times this undrawn yarn, obtain PVA drawn yarn (diameter 15 μ m, monofilament 2 μ m).The length direction of this PVA drawn yarn is fixed, and the weight ratio that impregnated in iodine/potassium iodide/water is in 0.075/5/100 the aqueous solution 60 seconds.Then, the weight ratio that impregnated in potassium iodide/boric acid/water is in 6/7.5/100 65 ℃ the boronic acid containing aqueous solution 300 seconds.With its with pure water wash, drying.The dried diameter that is adsorbed with the PVA drawn yarn of iodine is about 20 μ m.

Then, with limiting viscosity is 0.85 tygon-2,6-naphthoic acid ester sheet (below, be called polyester), from the spinning nozzle ejection of circular nozzle slit (L/D=2), minute carry out melt spinning with 315 ℃ of polymer temperatures, spinning speed 500m/ with hole count 30, aperture 0.1mm.At this moment, 3 sections long cylinder type cartridge heaters of 30cm link up, and are set under the spinning head.Under cartridge heater, run through length 45cm with 3.5m ³/ hr (normal) blows 20 ℃ cooling air, makes the silk cooling.Then, give finish with finish roll after, import carry-over pinch rolls, reel with up-coiler.Thus, the diameter that obtains silk is about the polyester undrawn yarn of 40 μ m.The diameter of monofilament is 6 μ m.The refractive index of this undrawn yarn is y direction 1.582, short-axis direction 1.577, and refringence is 0.005, and mean refractive index is 1.58.

At this, form the raw material of optical clear resin, with add BPEF-A:304.5 weight portion, UA:195.5 weight portion successively, as " beginning agent " 184:15 weight portion of light trigger, as the SH28PA:0.18 weight portion of levelling agent and be stirred to uniform potpourri and carry out the liquid modulation, obtain solution.

BPEF-A: two phenoxetol fluorenes diacrylates (manufacturing of Osaka gas Co., Ltd.)

UA: urethane acrylate (Xin Zhong village KCC makes " NK オ リ go U-15HA ")

" beginning agent " 184 (manufacturing of チ パ ガ イ ギ one company)

SH28PA (manufacturing of East レ ダ ウ コ one ニ Application グ company)

Use this PVA drawn yarn that is adsorbed with iodine and polyester undrawn yarn to make multiaxis to fabric.The throughput direction of fabric is set at 0 °,, the polyester undrawn yarn is set at the silk in 0 °, 45 ° orientation, be made into 3 axial fabricses of vertical 100m, horizontal 800mm, thickness 70 μ m with respect to throughput direction above-mentioned PVA drawn yarn of configuration on the 135 ° of orientation of turning right.

Above-mentioned ready optical clear resin is coated on this 3 axial direction fibre fabric equably, forms the state that fabric is comprised by this solution.Make its curing by the UV irradiation that is produced by high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp, solution is cured, and obtains that fabric is comprised by the optical clear resin and fixing, thickness is the light polarizing film of 90 μ m.This light polarizing film is reeled with 3 inches core of vinyl chloride system, makes the web-like light polarizing film.The light polarizing film that obtains like this see through axle, when being 0 ° with the coiling direction of volume, in the 45 ° of orientation of turning right, transmitance is 44.8%, degree of polarization is 99.9%.This light polarizing film is added wet process after 100 hours under the atmosphere gas of 85 ℃ of following 85%RH, measuring optical characteristics.At this moment, light polarizing film see through axle, transmitance is 44.6%, degree of polarization is 99.9%.The refractive index of the optical clear resin that obtains in addition, is 1.58.

By bonding agent, phase-contrast film " ピ ユ ア エ one ス " WR (W142) vertical 110m, wide 820mm, thickness 100 μ m with this web-like light polarizing film and Teijin Chemicals, Ltd.'s manufacturing carry out roll-to-roll gummed, are made into web-like rotatory polarization film.This web-like rotatory polarization film is processed into respect to seeing through the rotatory polarization diaphragm that has the size that needs on the parallel direction of axle.

At this, will be by the above-mentioned rotatory polarization film that obtains, use commercially available reflection-type liquid-crystal display device (Nintendo of Co., Ltd. makes " ゲ one system ボ one イ " model AGB-001), make the liquid crystal indicator of following formation, light polarizing film is carried out liquid crystal configurations in the mode of cross Nicols and is come display frame.Constitute: (display frame) light polarizing film/phase-contrast film/liquid crystal cells/phase-contrast film/light polarizing film (back side)

After driving reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, confirm to demonstrate and preliminary phase picture together.

Embodiment 6

PVA (the Network ラ レ of Co., Ltd. manufacturing, the degree of polymerization 4,000, saponification degree 99.9%) is dissolved in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent (below, abbreviate DMSO as), and preparation PVA concentration is the spinning solution of 16 weight %.This spinning solution spinning head of 200 μ m, hole count 7 under 100 ℃, from the aperture is ejected into the coagulating bath that is made of methyl alcohol, carry out the dry-and wet-type spinning with spin-stretch ratio 2.0, air gap 30mm, then, use methanol extraction DMSO on one side, in methanol bath, carry out spin-drawing on one side, make its drying then, obtain the undrawn yarn (diameter 26 μ m) of PVA.Use 110 ℃ warm-up mill to be stretched to 6.5 times this undrawn yarn, obtain PVA fiber (diameter 8 μ m).Not causing that at length direction the mode of contraction keeps its length, is in 0.075/5/100 aqueous solution dipping 60 second in the weight ratio of iodine/potassium iodide/water with this PVA fiber.Then, be dipping 300 seconds in 6/7.5/100 65 ℃ the boronic acid containing aqueous solution in the weight ratio of potassium iodide/boric acid/water.With its wash, drying.The dried PVA resin fibre that is adsorbed with iodine is as being that the composite filament of 1 bundle uses with 7.At this moment, the diameter of composite filament is about 20 μ m.

Then, it with limiting viscosity 0.85 polyester (tygon-2,6-naphthoic acid ester) sheet from the spinning nozzle ejection of circular nozzle slit (L/D=2) with hole count 7, aperture 0.1mm, minute carries out melt spinning with 315 ℃ of polymer temperatures, spinning speed 500m/.At this moment, the cylinder type cartridge heater that 3 sections 30cm are long links up, and is set under the spinning head.Under cartridge heater, run through length 45cm with 3.5m ³/ hr (normal) speed blows 20 ℃ cooling air, makes the silk cooling.Then, give finish with finish roll after, import carry-over pinch rolls, reel with up-coiler.Thus, obtain the tygon-2 of diameter 8 μ m, the undrawn yarn of 6-naphthoic acid ester.At this moment, the diameter of composite filament is about 20 μ m.The mean refractive index of this dacron is 1.580, and refringence is Δ n=0.003.Thus, the refractive index of dacron, y direction is 1.582, short-axis direction is 1.579.In addition, when this polyester was carried out the processing film of 100 μ m, total light transmittance was 91%.

Then, modulated optical transparent resin.As the raw material that forms the optical clear resin, with add BPEF-A:304.5 weight portion, UA:195.5 weight portion successively, as " beginning agent " 184:15 weight portion of light trigger, as the SH28PA:0.18 weight portion of levelling agent and be stirred to uniform potpourri and carry out the liquid modulation, obtain solution.

BPEF-A: two phenoxetol fluorenes diacrylates (manufacturing of Osaka gas Co., Ltd.)

UA: urethane acrylate (Xin Zhong village KCC makes " NK オ リ go U-15HA ")

" beginning agent " 184 (manufacturing of チ パ ガ イ ギ one company)

SH28PA (manufacturing of East レ ダ ウ コ one ニ Application グ company)

This PVA fiber that is adsorbed with iodine is set at organizine, dacron is set at tram, make the flat fabric of vertical 40cm, horizontal 20cm, thickness 40 μ m.The above-mentioned solution that modulates of coating on the two sides of this fabric is so that fabric integral body is dipped in this solution.It is carried out UV irradiation of being produced by high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp, solution is solidified, obtain that fabric is comprised by the optical clear resin and fixing, thickness is the polaroid of 50 μ m.At this moment, the refractive index of optical clear resin is 1.58.The light penetration of the polaroid that obtains like this is 45.2%, and degree of polarization is 99.9%.

In addition, by the angle that section S EM has observed the amplitude with the stereoregularity that shows the PVA fiber, consequently, the maximum angle R that the polaroid plane in the 1/4 wavy cycle (XY plane) and thermoplastic resin fibre constitute is about 40 degree.As the field angle characteristic of this polaroid, A (T Δ 30%)=± 80 degree, thus confirm as the polaroid that shows broad field angle.

Reference example 2

Field angle characteristic to the polaroid that obtained by reference example 1 is measured.The field angle characteristic of this polaroid is A (T Δ 30%)=± 30 degree, and having confirmed has problem with respect to field angle.

Claims (23)

1. a polaroid is characterized in that, comprises:

Absorption dichromatism pigment and length breadth ratio are many vinal a more than 10, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in plane,

Length breadth ratio is more than 10 and the difference of the refractive index of long axis direction and short-axis direction is many fiber b more than 0.05, that do not adsorb the dichromatism pigment, and these many fibers are arranged in plane in a direction, and

Optical clear resin c, and

A direction that described many fiber a arrange and a consistent or quadrature of direction of described many fiber b arrangement, when unanimity, the refractive index of the described short-axis direction of described many fiber b is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin c, in addition, when quadrature, the refractive index of the described long axis direction of described many fiber b is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin c.

2. polaroid as claimed in claim 1 wherein, also comprises

Length breadth ratio is more than 10 and the difference of the refractive index of long axis direction and short-axis direction is lower than many fiber b ' 0.05, that do not adsorb the dichromatism pigment, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in plane, and

The mean value of the refractive index of the described long axis direction of described fiber b ' and the refractive index of described short-axis direction is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin c.

3. polaroid as claimed in claim 1, wherein, it is organizine that described many fiber a and described many fiber b are in any one party, be the form of the fabric of tram with the opposing party, so that the described direction quadrature that described direction that described many fiber a arrange and described many fiber b arrange.

4. as claim 1 or 3 described polaroids, wherein, described many fiber a and many fiber b comprise in the optical clear resin and are fixing.

5. polaroid as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the described direction that described many fiber a arrange is consistent with the described direction that described many fiber b arrange, and the described orientation quadrature of described many fiber b ' the described direction of arranging and many fiber a and fiber b.

6. polaroid as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described polaroid form with the either party of described many fiber a and described many fiber b or two sides be organizine or tram, with described many fabrics that fiber b ' is organizine or tram.

7. as claim 2,5 or 6 described polaroids, wherein, described many fiber a, many fiber b and many fiber b ' comprise in the optical clear resin and are fixing.

8. a polaroid is characterized in that, comprises:

Absorption dichromatism pigment and length breadth ratio are many vinal a more than 10, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in plane,

Length breadth ratio be more than 10 and the difference of the refractive index of long axis direction and short-axis direction less than many fiber b ' 0.05, that do not adsorb the dichromatism pigment, these many fibers and be listed in a direction and be arranged in plane, and

Optical clear resin c, and

The mean value of the refractive index of the described long axis direction of described fiber b ' and the refractive index of described short-axis direction is roughly consistent with the refractive index of optical clear resin c.

9. polaroid as claimed in claim 8, wherein, it is organizine that described many fiber a and described many fiber b ' are in any one party, be the form of the fabric of tram with the opposing party, so that the described direction quadrature that described direction that described many fiber a arrange and described many fiber b ' arrange.

10. polaroid as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein, described many fiber a or itself and many fiber b ' comprise in the optical clear resin and are fixing.

11. as claim 1 or 8 described polaroids, wherein, described many fiber a are rising and falling on the described direction that fiber (a) is arranged and on the thickness direction of polaroid.

12. as claim 1 or 8 described polaroids, wherein, vinal comprises and has 1,000～40, the polyvinyl alcohol resin of 000 the degree of polymerization and 80～100% saponification degree.

13. as claim 1 or 8 described polaroids, wherein, the fiber diameter of vinal is 0.7～100 μ m.

14. as claim 1 or 8 described polaroids, wherein, the dichromatism pigment is an iodine.

15. polaroid as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the fiber diameter of fiber b is 0.7～100 μ m.

16. polaroid as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the fiber diameter of fiber b ' is 0.7～100 μ m.

17. as claim 1 or 8 described polaroids, wherein, optical clear resin c is a cured resin.

18. polaroid as claimed in claim 17, wherein, cured resin is a ultraviolet curable resin.

19. polaroid volume, it is in the form that claim 1 or 8 described polaroids are reeled, it is characterized in that, two directions that see through axle and absorption axes of described polaroid and the coiling direction of described volume and and the direction of its quadrature all inconsistent.

20. an optical component is characterized in that, comprising:

Other optical layers that comprises the polarizing layer of the described polaroid of claim 1 other optical property different with polarized light with demonstration, the face that is arranged with many fiber a of this polaroid and the face that is arranged with many fiber b are when the thickness direction of polaroid is overlapping, and described other optical layers is layered in a side of the face that is arranged with many fiber a.

21. optical component as claimed in claim 20, wherein, other optical layers is a phase separation layer.

22. an optical component is characterized in that, by stacked formation of other optical layers of the polarizing layer and the demonstration that will comprise the described polaroid of claim 8 other optical property different with polarized light.

23. a liquid crystal indicator, it has claim 20 or 22 described optical components.