CN100586901C - Yttrium oxide doping lanthanum oxide crucible and producing method thereof by using hot pressing sintering - Google Patents
Yttrium oxide doping lanthanum oxide crucible and producing method thereof by using hot pressing sintering Download PDFInfo
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- CN100586901C CN100586901C CN200810101789A CN200810101789A CN100586901C CN 100586901 C CN100586901 C CN 100586901C CN 200810101789 A CN200810101789 A CN 200810101789A CN 200810101789 A CN200810101789 A CN 200810101789A CN 100586901 C CN100586901 C CN 100586901C
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- oxide
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an yttrim oxide doping lanthanum oxide crucible and a method adopting the hot pressing sintering crucible, the component of the yttrium oxide doping lanthanum oxide isthat the lanthanum oxide with 0.2-1.2g is doped in each 10g of yttrium oxide Y2O3. The grain diameter of the yttrim oxide Y2O3 for hot pressing sintering is 0.01-20 mu m, and the grain diameter of lanthanum oxide La2O3 is 0.01-20 mu m. The using temperature of the yttrium oxide doping lanthanum oxide crucible of the invention is 1600-2000 DEG C, and the crucible is taken as the apparatus of vacuummelting in the temperature surrounding, the inner surface of the crucible does not take part in the reaction of the active metal or alloy thereby increasing the purity of the flux.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus for melting metal, more particularly say, be meant a kind of method that can be used in the crucible and the hot pressed sintering system of the employing crucible thereof of vacuum melting high activity metal (metal or alloy such as Ti, Nb, Hf).
Background technology
The crucible material that existing vacuum melting high activity metal uses is mainly calcium oxide CaO, magnesium oxide MgO, boron nitride BN, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF
2Deng, the use temperature of crucible is generally 1200～1500 ℃, has certain difficulty for metal or alloy such as melting Ti, Nb, Hf.
Yttrium oxide (Y
2O
3) pottery is a kind of high-performance crystalline ceramics, has good heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature stability.The fusing point of yttrium oxide is greater than 2400 ℃, and at high temperature is difficult to react with some active metal (as titanium, aluminium etc.), uses with refractory materials so can be used as the potential melting.
But yttrium moulding difficulty in the industrial production, volume change is bigger during sintering, so yttrium oxide only is to exist with the additive form among traditional refractory materials preparation technology, solid volume fraction greatly reduces the use temperature of product less than 25% in yttrium.
General hot-press equipment (referring to shown in Figure 2) includes sealing-ring 1, stone mill felt 2, heater coil 3, body of heater 4, pressed compact 5, stone mill mould 6, power supply 7.(Hot-Pressing is to apply certain external force (general pressure between 10～40MPa, depend on the intensity that can bear with the stone mill moulding stock) in sintering process simultaneously HP) to hot pressed sintering, makes that material quickens to flow, rearrangement and densification.Usually the hot pressed sintering temperature is lower about 100 ℃ than normal pressure-sintered temperature, looks different objects and has or not the liquid phase generation and different.Can premolding or powder directly is loaded in the wedge chamber, technology is simple.The extrudate density that hot pressed sintering obtains usually is higher, can reach more than 99% of theoretical density, owing at lower sintering temperature, suppressed the growth of crystal grain, the sintered compact crystal grain of gained is thinner, and higher intensity is arranged.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible that can be applicable to vacuum melting high activity metal or alloy, and adopt hot-pressing sintering method to prepare the technology of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible.
The composition of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of the present invention is the yttrium oxide Y of every 10g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 0.2～1.2g
2O
3
It is as follows that the present invention adopts hot-pressing sintering method to prepare the concrete steps of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible:
The first step: slurrying material
The Y of particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m of assignment system will according to target be become
2O
3, particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m La
2O
3Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol;
The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is the yttrium oxide Y of every 100g
2O
3Middle 0.05～the 0.2L that adds.
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step dried in loft drier makes blank, 60～100 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 8～15h;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 10～20MPa, 5～10 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1400～1800 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1400～1800 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 5～10h; Finally demould makes lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible.
The advantage of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of the present invention is: (1) spendable temperature is 1600～2000 ℃, is applicable to that vacuum melting prepares the melting equipment of reactive metal or alloy; (2) composition in this lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible not with fusant reaction, can improve the purity of melt.
The present invention adopts the advantage of hot-pressing sintering technique oxygenerating lanthanum doped yttrium oxide crucible to be: (1) appearance is simple; (2) inner surface of crucible that makes is highly polished; (3) processing parameter is controlled in the sintering process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure that adopts lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of the present invention Ti alloy of melting in vacuum heat treatment furnace.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of hot-press equipment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The composition of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of the present invention is the yttrium oxide Y of every 10g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 0.2～1.2g
2O
3
In the present invention, the required yttrium oxide Y of preparation lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible
2O
3Be the fine powder of particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m, lanthanum trioxide La
2O
3Fine powder for particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m.
In the present invention, it is as follows to adopt hot-pressing sintering method to prepare the concrete steps of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible:
The first step: slurrying material
The Y of particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m of assignment system will according to target be become
2O
3, particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m La
2O
3Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol;
The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is the yttrium oxide Y of every 100g
2O
3Middle 0.05～the 0.2L that adds.
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step dried in loft drier makes blank, 60～100 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 8～15h;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 10～20MPa, 5～10 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1400～1800 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1400～1800 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 5～10h; Finally demould makes lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible.
The above-mentioned lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible that makes is put into vacuum melting equipment, and the reactive metal piece is put into crucible, in vacuum (vacuum tightness 10～1 * 10
-3Pa) or under the inert atmosphere (argon gas, helium, neon), under 1600～2000 ℃ of the smelting temperatures, metal or alloy such as melting high activity metal such as Ti, Nb, Hf.
In the present invention, the yttrium oxide Y of use
2O
3The powder material also can be the grating powder of multistage particle diameter, i.e. first step yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 0.01～0.5 μ m, second stage yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 0.5～2 μ m, third stage yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 2～6 μ m, fourth stage yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 6～20 μ m.Because the yttrium oxide Y of different-grain diameter
2O
3The powder material enters in the oarse-grained space in mixed preparing process small particles, thereby can increase density, has reduced the volume change of high temperature sintering.
Embodiment 1:
Make a lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible that can melt 0.5Kg titanium Ti alloy
The target component of this lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible is the yttrium oxide Y of 368g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 42g
2O
3
The crucible step that the employing hot pressed sintering prepares target component is as follows:
The first step: slurrying material
With the Y that according to target becomes 80% particle diameter of assignment system at 4.8 μ m
2O
3, 80% particle diameter, 5.0 μ m La
2O
3Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol; The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is 0.5L;
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step is made blank, 60 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 15h in the oven dry of constant temperature drying case;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 15MPa, 10 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1600 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1600 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 8h; Finally demould makes the lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of target component.
Adopt above-mentioned target component lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible to carry out vacuum melting Ti alloy.The Ti alloy cube matherial of 0.5Kg is put into crucible, then crucible and material are installed in the vacuum heat treatment furnace (261W vacuum heat treatment furnace, general of Germany opens up general company) in the lump; Regulate the melting technology parameter: be evacuated to 2.4 * 10
-2Pa, 1600 ℃ of smelting temperatures, and behind insulation 20min under 1600 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature (25 ℃) back with the furnace and take out; And crucible detected, find that inner surface of crucible has neither part nor lot in the reaction of Ti alloy, through the Ti alloy being carried out the XRD test, wherein do not contain Y
2O
3Composition.As shown in fig. 1, do not contain Y element or Y
2O
3Diffraction peak.
Embodiment 2:
Make a multistage powder lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of joining that can melt 0.5Kg titanium Ti alloy
The target component of this lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible is the yttrium oxide Y of 368g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 42g
2O
3
The crucible step that the employing hot pressed sintering prepares target component is as follows:
The first step: slurrying material
According to target become assignment system to choose 0.02 μ m first step Y
2O
3Fine powder, 1 μ m second stage Y
2O
3Fine powder, 5 μ m third stage Y
2O
3Fine powder, 15 μ m fourth stage Y
2O
3Fine powder, wherein, first step Y
2O
3Fine powder accounts for total Y
2O
35% of powder amount, second stage Y
2O
3Fine powder accounts for total Y
2O
320% of powder amount, third stage Y
2O
3Fine powder accounts for total Y
2O
330% of powder amount, fourth stage Y
2O
3Fine powder accounts for total Y
2O
345% of powder amount; The ZrO of 80% particle diameter, 5.0 μ m
2Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol; The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is 0.5L;
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step dried in loft drier makes blank, 80 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 10h;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 10MPa, 6 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1700 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1700 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 6h; Finally demould makes the lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of target component.
Adopt above-mentioned target component lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible to carry out vacuum melting Ti alloy.The Ti alloy cube matherial of 0.5Kg is put into crucible, then crucible and material are installed in the vacuum heat treatment furnace (261W vacuum heat treatment furnace, general of Germany opens up general company) in the lump; Regulate the melting technology parameter: be evacuated to 2.4 * 10
-2Pa, 1600 ℃ of smelting temperatures, and behind insulation 20min under 1600 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature (25 ℃) back with the furnace and take out; And crucible detected, find that inner surface of crucible has neither part nor lot in the reaction of Ti alloy, does not contain Y in the Ti alloy
2O
3Composition.This example adopts the grating powder to carry out hot pressed sintering system crucible, and the crucible size behind the sintering reduces to some extent than the crucible deflection that embodiment 1 makes, and promptly the crucible shrinking percentage that makes of embodiment 2 is about 50% of the crucible shrinking percentage that makes of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Make a lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible that can melt 1Kg hafnium Hf alloy
The target component of this lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible is the yttrium oxide Y of 550g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 62.8g
2O
3
The crucible step that the employing hot pressed sintering prepares target component is as follows:
The first step: slurrying material
With the Y that according to target becomes 90% particle diameter of assignment system at 15 μ m
2O
3, 80% particle diameter, 10 μ m La
2O
3Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol; The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is 1L;
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step dried in loft drier makes blank, 80 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 8h;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 15MPa, 5 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1750 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1750 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 5h; Finally demould makes the lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of target component.
Adopt above-mentioned target component lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible to carry out vacuum melting hafnium Hf alloy.The hafnium Hf alloy cube matherial of 0.5Kg is put into crucible, then crucible and material are installed in the vacuum heat treatment furnace (261W vacuum heat treatment furnace, general of Germany opens up general company) in the lump; Regulate the melting technology parameter: be evacuated to 1.9 * 10
-2Pa, 1700 ℃ of smelting temperatures, and behind insulation 15min under 1700 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature (25 ℃) back with the furnace and take out; And crucible detected, find that inner surface of crucible has neither part nor lot in the reaction of hafnium Hf alloy, through hafnium Hf alloy being carried out the XRD test, wherein do not contain Y
2O
3Composition.
Embodiment 4:
Make a lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible that can melt 1Kg niobium Nb alloy
The target component of this lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible is the yttrium oxide Y of 552g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 63g
2O
3
The crucible step that the employing hot pressed sintering prepares target component is as follows:
The first step: slurrying material
With the Y that according to target becomes 80% particle diameter of assignment system at 15 μ m
2O
3, 80% particle diameter, 10 μ m La
2O
3Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol; The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is 1L;
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step dried in loft drier makes blank, 100 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 8h;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 19MPa, 5 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1750 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1750 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 5h; Finally demould makes the lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible of target component.
Adopt above-mentioned target component lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible to carry out vacuum melting Nb alloy.The Nb alloy cube matherial of 0.5Kg is put into crucible, then crucible and material are installed in the vacuum heat treatment furnace (261W vacuum heat treatment furnace, general of Germany opens up general company) in the lump; Regulate the melting technology parameter: be evacuated to 1 * 10
-3Pa, 1950 ℃ of smelting temperatures, and behind insulation 30min under 1950 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature (25 ℃) back with the furnace and take out; And crucible detected, find that inner surface of crucible has neither part nor lot in the reaction of Nb alloy, through the Nb alloy being carried out the XRD test, wherein do not contain Y
2O
3Composition.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible is characterized in that: the composition of lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible is the yttrium oxide Y of every 10g
2O
3In be doped with the lanthanum trioxide La of 0.2～1.2g
2O
3
2, lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible according to claim 1 is characterized in that: lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible use temperature is 1600～2000 ℃.
3, adopt hot-pressing sintering technique to prepare the method for lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the following step is arranged:
The first step: slurrying material
The Y of particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m of assignment system will according to target be become
2O
3, particle diameter 0.01～20 μ m La
2O
3Make slurry after mixing with dehydrated alcohol;
The consumption of dehydrated alcohol is the yttrium oxide Y of every 100g
2O
3Middle 0.05～the 0.2L that adds;
Y
2O
3Be to mix by the grating powder of multistage particle diameter to form, i.e. first step yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 0.01～0.5 μ m, second stage yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 0.5～2 μ m, third stage yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 2～6 μ m, fourth stage yttrium oxide Y
2O
3Powder material particle diameter is 6～20 μ m;
Second step: oven dry base material
The slurry that makes in the first step dried in loft drier makes blank, 60～100 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 8～15h;
The 3rd step: hot pressed sintering system crucible
Second blank that make of step is put into the die cavity of hot-press equipment, cover pressed compact;
Regulate pressure to 10～20MPa, 5～10 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, 1400～1800 ℃ of sintering temperatures, and under 1400～1800 ℃ of conditions of temperature, be incubated 5～10h; Finally demould makes lanthanum oxide doping yttrium oxide crucible.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686355A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-13 | 佛山市高捷工业炉有限公司 | The preparation method of high intensity crucible |
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| CN105819853A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏航泰新材料有限公司 | Lanthanum oxide doped zirconia crucible and hot-press sintering method for producing crucibles |
| CN107445634A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | A kind of titanium alloy smelting crucible |
| CN113548905B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-07-08 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Micro-nano double-scale yttrium oxide crucible and preparation method thereof |
| CN114044687A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-02-15 | 江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司 | Rare earth oxide body crucible and preparation method thereof |
| CN115354185B (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2023-05-12 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity copper-chromium contact with ultralow gas content |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Controlled transient solid second-phase sintering of yttria. Rhodes W.H.Journal of the American Ceramic Society,Vol.64 No.1. 1981 |
| Controlled transient solid second-phase sintering of yttria. Rhodes W.H.Journal of the American Ceramic Society,Vol.64 No.1. 1981 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686355A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-13 | 佛山市高捷工业炉有限公司 | The preparation method of high intensity crucible |
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