CN100584928C - Technology of preparing synthetic gas using non agglomerating or weak agglomerating coal fluidized destructive distillation - Google Patents
Technology of preparing synthetic gas using non agglomerating or weak agglomerating coal fluidized destructive distillation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100584928C CN100584928C CN 200610152054 CN200610152054A CN100584928C CN 100584928 C CN100584928 C CN 100584928C CN 200610152054 CN200610152054 CN 200610152054 CN 200610152054 A CN200610152054 A CN 200610152054A CN 100584928 C CN100584928 C CN 100584928C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for making synthetic gas by non-adhesive or low-adhesiveness coal fluidized carbonization, comprising the steps of: crushing non-adhesive or low-adhesiveness coal into fine coal; feeding the fine coal into a carbonization reactor and producing coal gas, tar steam and semicoke; cooling the coal gas and tar steam, and extracting the coal gas and coal tar; feeding the semicoke into a coal gas generator to react with oxygen gas and water steam to produce generated coal gas and coal ash; feeding the generated coal gas into a CO conversion reactor to regulate composition of the synthetic gas and act as synthetic methanol gas. And the utilization ratio of raw materials can be 100%. And the oil yield of fine coal fluidized carbonization is high. And the produced semicoke can completely turn into generated coal gas, and finally only coal ash is left. And the yield of liquid products by carbonization and liquid products synthetized by synthetic gas is higher than that of liquid products by coal liquefaction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal chemical technology, relate in particular to the technology that a kind of incoherence or weak caking coal fluidized retoring and destructive distillation semicoke are produced synthetic gas.
Background technology
Brown coal are a kind of incoherence or weak caking coal, and it is the minimum coal of degree of coalification.Be characterized in the moisture height, proportion is little, volatile matter is high, non-caked, chemical reactivity strong, poor heat stability, thermal value are low, contains the humic acid of different quantities.The raw material that is used as fuel, gasification or low-temperature pyrolysis also can be used to extract montanin wax, humic acid more, makes sulphonated coal or gac.The volatile content of long-flame coal is very high, does not have or have only very little cohesiveness, and thickness of colloidal matter layer is no more than 5mm, and easy firing has very long flame during burning, so the long-flame coal of gaining the name.Can be used as the raw material of gasification and low-temperature pyrolysis, also can make civilian and power fuel.Bottle coal volatile matter height, gelatinous layer is thicker, poor heat stability.Coking separately, but the coke of producing is elongated frangible, and shrinking percentage is big, and longitudinal crack is many, and is anti-crushing relatively poor with wear resistance.So can only be used as coal-blending coking, also can be used to oil refining, make coal gas, produce nitrogenous fertilizer or the fuel that is used as power.
Incoherence or weak caking coal comprise: brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal.Wherein contain abundant organic matter and make coal per ton can produce at least 50 kilograms of coal tar, promptly contain the coal tar more than 5% in the coal.Worldwide in recent years studies show that, incoherence such as brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal or weak caking coal are that reserves are abundant but almost also not by the resource of fine utilization.An estimation of International Energy Agency shows that the future three of 2000-2030, China was as developing with present economic growth rate during the decade, and its increment energy demand will account for 20% of world's increment energy demand.We can say that the focus of following Chinese Economy Development is at the energy, energy strategy is the important component part of China's development strategy.The explored disposable energy reserve situation of just present China, China is an oil starvation, weak breath, and the abundant relatively country of coal resources, " oil starvation, weak breath, rich coal " is the fundamental realities of the country of China.Coal accounts for 94.3% in the fossil energy reserves of verifying, and oil and gas only accounts for 5.7%.Along with the crude oil demand of the constantly soaring and domestic cumulative year after year of International Crude Oil, domestic petroleum output can not satisfy the needs of national economy high speed development far away.Therefore, for guaranteeing the Sustainable development of Chinese national economy, optimize China's energy structure, reduction is to the interdependency of petroleum import, make full use of the coal resources advantage of China's abundant, greatly develop the Coal Chemical Industry new high-tech industry,, become the inevitable choice of China's energy strategy with Coal Chemical Industry products substitution petrochemicals.
The industrialization technology that has incoherences such as handling brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal or weak caking coal now is as fuel used to generate electricity, boiler oil, gasified raw material etc. with it.Prior art can't be handled incoherence or weak cohesiveness matchmaker and produce synthetic gas.For example:
1. coking: coal is placed gas retort, the secluding air heating, the organic rising with temperature is decomposed gradually in the coal, and wherein volatile matter is overflowed with gaseous state or vapor state, become coke-oven gas and coal tar, and the non-volatile solids residue is coke.But incoherences such as brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal or weak caking coal can not be separately as the coal of using of coking, and have only bottle coal to can be used as a coal of coke making and coal blending.
2. gasification: gasification is to change coal into can be used as industry or domestic fuel and chemical industry synthesis material coal gas.But it is that a kind of investment is very high that gasification is subjected to the restriction of the type of furnace, coal, moisture content, granularity, and gasification efficiency is not very high technology.
3. low-temperature pyrolysis: place coal under the temperature about 550 ℃ low-temperature pyrolysis can produce semi coking tar and coalitenessity producer gas.But produced simultaneously semicoke (structure of semicoke is similar to graphite, also is the microcrystalline coating sheet structure, but the complete well-regulated arrangement unlike graphite of its structure.The coal rank of the chemical constitution of semicoke and raw coal, micropetrological unit content and hot-work engineering have direct relation.With regard to organic composition, it is elementary composition mainly to be carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and nitrogen in the raw coal and element sulphur be almost most of consumption in pyrolytic process, and a spot of nitrogen, element sulphur are present in the semicoke with the form of heterogeneous ring compound.The carbon proportion reaches 95% in the semicoke, and it constitutes the skeleton of semicoke.) can not well obtain utilizing.
4. hydrogenation liquefaction: coal, catalyzer and heavy oil are mixed, under High Temperature High Pressure, make destruction of organic material in the coal, be converted into low molecule liquid state and gaseous product with the hydrogen effect.But the overall liquid yield of gelatin liquefaction is that 4.3 tons of coals go out 1 ton of oil at present, and investment is quite high, and running cost is also quite big.
Summary of the invention
At defective and deficiency that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of is raw material with brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal, and can improve the incoherence of raw material availability or the technology that weak caking coal is produced synthetic gas.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of incoherence or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, comprise the steps:
Step 1 is pulverized incoherence or weak caking coal and is made fine coal;
Step 2 is sent the fine coal that obtains to the dry distillation reactor device and is carried out heat, generates dry distillation gas, tar steam and destructive distillation semicoke;
Step 3 after described dry distillation gas, tar steam cooled off, is isolated dry distillation gas and coal tar;
Step 4 is sent described destructive distillation semicoke into coal-gas producer and oxygen, water vapour reaction produce synthetic gas and coal ash;
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas at described incoherence or weak caking coal, comprise carbon monoxide and hydrogen at synthetic gas described in the step 4, the proportioning of water vapour, oxygen is 4-8 in the described coal-gas producer: 1, and best proportioning is 6: 1.
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas at described incoherence or weak caking coal, also comprise step 5, described synthetic gas is sent into the carbon monodixe conversion reactor adjust behind the gas composition, the volume ratio 1: 2 of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the carbon monodixe conversion reactor as synthesizing methanol gas.
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas at described incoherence or weak caking coal, also comprise:
Step 5 ', with step 5 simultaneously, the synthetic gas that fine coal that thermal barrier, step 1 are obtained and step 4 obtain is delivered to the dry distillation reactor device.The effect of this step is, guarantees the fluidization conditions in the reactor of master stream, promotes rheomorphism, helps conducting heat.
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas at described incoherence or weak caking coal, described thermal barrier is the coal ash that high quartz sand, high temperature spent catalyst or step 4 obtain.
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas at described incoherence or weak caking coal, described dry distillation reactor device is riser reactor, bubbling style fluidized-bed reactor or moving-burden bed reactor, optimal selection is a riser reactor, and settling vessel is established at its top, establishes three grades in the settling vessel and revolves branch.
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas at described incoherence or weak caking coal, dry distillation reactor device reaction conditions is: working pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, service temperature 450-800 ℃, gas-solid ratio 1.0-20: 1 (v/v).
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas dry distillation reactor device reaction pressure 0.18MPa, 600 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v) at described incoherence or weak caking coal.
Preferably: produce in the technology of synthetic gas coal-gas producer reaction pressure 0.18Mpa, 790 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v) at described incoherence or weak caking coal.
Fluidized-bed reaction principle: be to be that the small-particle of 0-10 millimeter is a raw material with the granularity, make its suspended dispersed in coal-gas producer in the air-flow of vertical uplift, the coal grain carries out gasification reaction at boiling state, thereby makes the interior temperature homogeneous of coal charge layer, be easy to control, improve gasification efficiency.
The present invention utilizes the fluidized-bed reaction principle, sending fine coal to the dry distillation reactor device adds thermal barrier simultaneously and carries out heat, with fugitive constituent gasification contained in incoherence such as brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal or the weak caking coal, simultaneously high-temperature steam, high-temperature synthesis gas also have certain solvency action, i.e. the fluidized retoring de-oiling degassing to the organism in incoherence such as brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal or the weak caking coal.Isolate destructive distillation semicoke behind tar and the dry distillation gas under the condition of oxygen and water vapour, produce synthetic gas.
Raw material availability height of the present invention can reach 100%.Fine coal fluidized retoring oil yield height can reach the 150-180% of aluminium retort value.The destructive distillation semicoke can all produce generation coal gas, finally only surplus ash content.Dried distilled liquid product adds the yield height of synthetic gas synthetic liquid product than coal liquefaction, and total liquid product yield is that about 3 tons of coals go out 1 ton of liquid product.The device operating pressure is low, operating safety, less investment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 produces the process flow sheet of synthetic gas for incoherence of the present invention or weak caking coal.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Incoherence of the present invention or weak caking coal comprise: brown coal, long-flame coal, bottle coal utilize this explained hereafter coal tar synthetic gas.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of incoherence of the present invention or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, comprise the steps:
Step 1 is pulverized the incoherence in pioneer colliery, Yunnan or weak caking coal and is made fine coal; Its granularity is normal distribution at the 0-1000 micron.
Step 2 is sent the fine coal that obtains to the dry distillation reactor device and is carried out heat, generates dry distillation gas, tar steam and destructive distillation semicoke; Dry distillation reactor device reaction pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, service temperature 450-800 ℃, gas-solid ratio 1.0-20: 1 (v/v), gas are the mixed gas of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas and nitrogen, and solid is a fine coal.The dry distillation reactor device can use riser reactor, bubbling style fluidized-bed reactor or moving-burden bed reactor.
Step 3 after described dry distillation gas, tar steam cooled off, is isolated dry distillation gas and coal tar;
Step 4, with described destructive distillation semicoke send into coal-gas producer and oxygen, (volume ratio of water vapour, oxygen is 4-8: 1) reaction produces synthetic gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and coal ash to water vapour; Coal-gas producer reaction pressure 0.18Mpa, 790 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v), gas is the mixed gas of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas and nitrogen, solid is a coal ash.The fine coal that high temperature coal ash, high-temperature synthesis gas and the step 1 that obtains obtains is delivered to the dry distillation reactor device.To guarantee the fluidization conditions in the reactor of master stream, promote rheomorphism, help conducting heat.
Step 5 is sent into described synthetic gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and be can be used as synthesizing methanol gas, the volume ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen 1: 2 after the carbon monodixe conversion reactor is adjusted gas composition.
Embodiment 2
A kind of incoherence of the present invention or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, comprise the steps:
Step 1 is pulverized the incoherence in colliery, Yilan, Harbin or weak caking coal and is made fine coal; Its granularity is normal distribution at the 20-600 micron.In order fully to heat and to be convenient to fluidized reaction.
Step 2 is sent the fine coal that obtains to the dry distillation reactor device, generates dry distillation gas, tar steam and destructive distillation semicoke; Dry distillation reactor device reaction pressure 0.18MPa, 600 ℃ of service temperatures, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v).The dry distillation reactor device is selected riser reactor, and settling vessel is established at its top, establishes three grades in the settling vessel and revolves branch, at utmost reduces the coal ash content in the synthetic gas.
Step 3, with described dry distillation gas, tar steam carry out cold after, isolate dry distillation gas and coal tar;
Step 4, with described destructive distillation semicoke send into coal-gas producer and oxygen, (volume ratio of water vapour, oxygen is 4-8: 1) reaction produces synthetic gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and coal ash to water vapour; The coal-gas producer reaction pressure is 0.18Mpa, 790 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v).The high temperature coal ash and the high quartz sand that obtain are delivered to the dry distillation reactor device.To guarantee the fluidization conditions in the reactor of master stream, promote rheomorphism, help conducting heat.
Step 5 is sent into described synthetic gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and be can be used as synthesizing methanol gas, the volume ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen 1: 2 after the carbon monodixe conversion reactor is adjusted gas composition.
Embodiment 3
A kind of incoherence of the present invention or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, comprise the steps:
Step 1 is pulverized the incoherence in cold water well colliery, northern Shensi or weak caking coal and is made fine coal; Its granularity is normal distribution at the 20-600 micron.
Step 2 is sent the fine coal that obtains to the dry distillation reactor device, generates dry distillation gas, tar steam and destructive distillation semicoke; Dry distillation reactor device reaction pressure 0.18MPa, 600 ℃ of service temperatures, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v).The dry distillation reactor device is selected riser reactor, and settling vessel is established at its top, establishes three grades in the settling vessel and revolves branch, at utmost reduces the coal ash content that takes place in the coal gas.
Step 3, with described dry distillation gas, tar steam carry out cold after, isolate dry distillation gas and coal tar;
Step 4 is sent described destructive distillation semicoke into coal-gas producer and oxygen, water vapour (volume ratio of water vapour, oxygen is 6: 1) reaction produce synthetic gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and coal ash; Coal-gas producer reaction pressure 0.18Mpa, 790 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1 (v/v).Fresh fine coal coal ash and high temperature spent catalyst are delivered to the dry distillation reactor device, and the trade mark of this catalyzer is CA-2000 or CC-15.To guarantee the fluidization conditions in the reactor of master stream, promote rheomorphism, help conducting heat.
Step 5 is sent into described synthetic gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and be can be used as synthesizing methanol gas, the volume ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen 1: 2 after the carbon monodixe conversion reactor is adjusted gas composition.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of incoherence or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, comprise the steps:
Step 1 is pulverized described incoherence or weak caking coal and is made fine coal;
Step 2 is sent the fine coal that obtains to the dry distillation reactor device and is carried out heat, generates dry distillation gas, tar steam and destructive distillation semicoke;
Step 3 after described dry distillation gas, tar steam cooled off, is isolated dry distillation gas and coal tar;
Step 4, described destructive distillation semicoke is sent into coal-gas producer and oxygen, water vapour reaction generation synthetic gas and coal ash, described synthetic gas comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the volume ratio of water vapour and oxygen is adjusted between the scope of 4: 1 and 8: 1 in the described coal-gas producer.
2, incoherence according to claim 1 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: the volume ratio of water vapour, oxygen is 6: 1 in the described coal-gas producer.
3, incoherence according to claim 1 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that also comprising:
Step 5 is sent described synthetic gas into the carbon monodixe conversion reactor and is adjusted behind the gas composition as synthesizing methanol gas, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is 1: 2 after the conversion.
4, incoherence according to claim 3 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that also comprising:
Step 5 ', with step 5 simultaneously, the synthetic gas that fine coal that thermal barrier, step 1 are obtained and step 4 obtain is delivered to the dry distillation reactor device.
5, incoherence according to claim 4 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: described thermal barrier is high quartz sand or high temperature spent catalyst, and the trade mark of this catalyzer is CA-2000 or CC-15.
6, incoherence according to claim 5 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: described dry distillation reactor device is riser reactor or bubbling style fluidized-bed reactor or moving-burden bed reactor, settling vessel is established at its top, establishes three grades in the settling vessel and revolves branch.
7, incoherence according to claim 6 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: dry distillation reactor device reaction conditions is: working pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, service temperature 450-800 ℃, gas-solid ratio 1.0-20: 1v/v.
8, incoherence according to claim 7 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: dry distillation reactor device reaction pressure 0.18MPa, 600 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1v/v.
9, incoherence according to claim 1 or weak caking coal are produced the technology of synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: coal-gas producer reaction pressure 0.18Mpa, 790 ℃ of temperature of reaction, gas-solid ratio 4.5: 1v/v.
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Families Citing this family (14)
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| CN101538473B (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-11-07 | 陕西煤业化工集团(上海)胜帮化工技术有限公司 | Incoherence or weak caking coal deep processing method |
| CN101580728B (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2012-10-03 | 中煤能源黑龙江煤化工有限公司 | Process technology for non-caking coal or weak caking coal |
| CN101643654B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 中煤能源黑龙江煤化工有限公司 | Processing technology of non-caked coal or weakly caking coal |
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| UY33038A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-06-30 | Rv Lizenz Ag | THERMAL AND CHEMICAL USE OF CABONACE SUBSTANCES IN PARTICULAR FOR THE GENERATION OF ENERGY WITHOUT EMISSIONS |
| CN102108301B (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-09-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-yield tar by pyrolyzing coal |
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| CN102876342A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-01-16 | 金先奎 | Method for producing coal tar through coal dry distillation and producing coal gas through coal semi-coke gasification |
| CN103468285B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-12-09 | 神木富油能源科技有限公司 | In pulverized coal pyrolysis, coalite tar produces the method for oil fuel |
| CN103725301B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-12-30 | 杨皓 | A kind of method of obtained tar, phenol and water-gas simultaneously |
| CN105482838A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-13 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for poly-generation through reburning coal-pyrolysis prepared gas |
| CN105602593A (en) * | 2014-11-23 | 2016-05-25 | 陕西煤业化工集团(上海)胜帮化工技术有限公司 | Method for pyrolyzing fine coal by riser |
| CN105154121A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2015-12-16 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Low-rank coal gradation usage poly-generation system and method |
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Owner name: SHAANXI COAL AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRY GROUP SHENMU TI Free format text: FORMER OWNER: WANG SHOUFENG Effective date: 20140922 Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LV ZISHENG LI XIUHUI Effective date: 20140922 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140922 Address after: 719319 Shenmu Tianyuan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Shaanxi coal chemical industry group, Shenmu Industrial Zone, Shenmu City, Shaanxi, Yulin Patentee after: Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group Shenmu Tianyuan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Address before: 719319 Shenmu county, Shaanxi Province Kam Industrial Park Shenmu Kam Tianyuan Chemical Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Wang Shoufeng Patentee before: Lv Zisheng Patentee before: Li Xiuhui |