CN100577465C - Method for improving stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system - Google Patents
Method for improving stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100577465C CN100577465C CN200810045563A CN200810045563A CN100577465C CN 100577465 C CN100577465 C CN 100577465C CN 200810045563 A CN200810045563 A CN 200810045563A CN 200810045563 A CN200810045563 A CN 200810045563A CN 100577465 C CN100577465 C CN 100577465C
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Abstract
A method for increasing the stability of a high-temperature superconductor magnetic suspension system comprises the following: (A) a step of field cooling, during which, a suspension body of the high-temperature superconductor magnetic suspension system is supported at a preset position through a support system, and then refrigeration equipment is started to ensure that a superconducting block enters superconducting state; (B) a step of support release, during which, the support system releases the support on the suspension body so as to ensure that the suspension body is in an idling stable state; (C) a step of loading, during which, external force is applied on the suspension body so as to ensure that the suspension body is in a stable suspension state under external force loading; and (D) a step of loading and the external force release, during which, the suspension body is in the stable suspension state again, and the state is taken as an initial state for the operation of the high-temperature superconductor magnetic suspension system. The method does not need to change the construction of the high-temperature superconductor magnetic suspension system, and ensures simple structure and operation and cost reduction; moreover, the method can obviously improve the stability of the high-temperature superconductor magnetic suspension system, and is suitable for any high-temperature superconductor magnetic suspension systems based on the high-temperature superconducting block type magnetic suspension principle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system performance, relate in particular to improving one's methods of a kind of stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system.
Background technology
High temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system mainly is divided into two big application directions: if rotatablely moving of axisymmetric will be applied to fields such as bearing or flywheel; If the linear motion of translation symmetrical expression then will be as magnetic suspension (magnetic the is floating) device of the motion of going forward side by side, as linear electric machine conveyer and magnetically supported vehicle.At present, the technical study of this two broad aspect has been in the eve of large-scale practical application, numerous and confused development of multi-form high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation model machine and trail run success, China, Germany, Russia etc. have developed riding type high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation laboratory vehicle since 2000.
Because the flux pinning effect that high-temperature superconducting block possesses, for example commonly used is that Yt-Ba-Cu-O superconductor (YBaCuO) or gadolinium are oxide superconductor terres rares REBaCuO superconductors such as (GdBaCuO), so high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is the non-contacting self-stabilization suspension of a non-control function.High temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is when work, at first high-temperature superconducting block is fixing on certain position by the effect of external force, high-temperature superconducting block cools off and reaches superconducting state in using foreign field then, this moment, the be fixed position of cooling of high-temperature superconducting block was called a cold position, and it is cold that this process is called.After discharging the fixed position of high-temperature superconducting block subsequently, because superconductor is to cool off in using foreign field, superconductor has been captured from the magnetic flux of applying a magnetic field and is pinned, therefore under the effect of superconduction block material, high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system will be stabilized on a certain suspension point, corresponding levitation position is called the pinning position, and this process is called release.When system has departed from stable point because of certain factor, the magnetic flux of capturing in the superconductor may be forced to depart from original pinning position.At this moment, on the one hand because the faradic effect that produces in the superconductor, on the other hand because the resistance of the pinning center of superconductor, all will suppress departing from of magnetic flux, and show as the restoring force of whole superconductive system, such recovery capacity is elastic system within the specific limits, make system when side-play amount is little, can get back to the initialization position, reach new equilibrium point, promptly high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system has certain stable self-adjusting ability.In this process, do not need the support or the control of external energy, be called the stable suspersion system of passive type.Usually only need finish the above-mentioned cold → dispose procedure in field in existing high temperature magnetic suspension system after, the stable suspersion point of formation just is used directly as the operating point or the operation point of system.
But, in practical work process, although in most cases high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system still can work at new equilibrium point after departing from control position, yet but can not be returned to initial control position, and this control position is the best operational position of predetermined magnetic suspension system of when design.Because system is stable limited, under extreme case, system's operation is subjected to external interference and away from equilibrium location, even avalanche takes place, and makes total system to work.How avoiding the generation of this situation, improve system stability and load-carrying capacity to the full extent, is the important topic in the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system through engineering approaches commercialization process.
The existing method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system has three kinds: one, the improvement of excitation mode, the selection of a selection of cold mode on the spot and a cold position.Two, high-temperature superconducting block is captured the raising of magnetic field ability, i.e. the raising of superconductor performance.Three, use the raising of foreign field intensity and gradient, promptly optimize and use foreign field.
Yet, being subjected to the restriction of current high-temperature superconducting block technology of preparing and magnetic material technology, the space that stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system promotes in the method two, three is little; Owing to be subjected to the restriction of cost, space and energy consumption, the room for promotion of three pairs of stability of method is also limited simultaneously.And above method needs to change the composition member of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system usually in implementation process, and its implementation process is complicated, and is expensive bigger, and effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, this method does not need to change composition, the structure of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, simple to operate, save cost, can obviously improve the stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, and be applicable to the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system of any high-temperature superconducting block formula magnetic suspension principle.
The present invention realizes its goal of the invention, and the technical scheme that is adopted is: a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, and its concrete practice is:
A, cold: by support system, the aerosoles of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is supported on desired location, starts refrigerating apparatus thereafter, make superconduction block material enter superconducting state.
B, discharge to support: support system discharges the support to aerosoles, makes aerosoles be in stable suspersion state under unloaded.
C, loading: aerosoles is applied external force, make it be in stabilized conditions under the external force load.
D, release load: discharge institute and add external force, aerosoles makes the stable suspersion state that is in once more, and with the initial condition of this state as the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system operation.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The loading that increases by cold back, field and discharge load makes in the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system superconduction block material and uses the foreign field mutual alignment and be forced to change.Loading makes the locus of high-temperature superconducting block more approach to use the foreign field source, helps superconduction block material and captures more magnetic fluxs, and superconduction block material " magnetic " is strengthened, and strengthens with application foreign field application force, and load-carrying capacity will strengthen; Simultaneously, owing to captured more magnetic flux, will cause the inner pinning effect of superconductor to strengthen, after the release load, the magnetic flux of capturing also is maintained more, makes total system when operation or work, the recovery capacity grow, and stability strengthens, and dynamic property is better.
Experimental verification proves that also same high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system brings into operation or works after once loading the back and discharging load, directly operation or the work of cold back than the field, and its dynamic rate increases by 62%, and damping coefficient improves 49%.
The inventive method does not need to change composition, the structure of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, and is simple, convenient, and translation symmetrical expression (as magnetically supported vehicle) or two kinds of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension systems of axisymmetric (as flywheel) all are suitable for, widely applicable.
Above-mentioned C step and D step repeat 1-3 time.Load and discharge load 2-4 time like this, the superconduction block material of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system can be captured more magnetic flux, its recovery capacity and stability are further enhanced, experimental results show that, by twice loading and release load, the dynamic rate of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system has increased by 230%, and damping coefficient has improved 107%.
Above-mentioned externally applied forces is a vertical direction.Like this, can increase the vertical stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, be particularly useful for the magnetically supported vehicle system.
Above-mentioned externally applied forces is a horizontal direction.Like this, can increase the lateral stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, be particularly useful for the magnetic suspension system that flywheel or bearing etc. rotate.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the inventive method is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the method for the embodiment of the invention one working state figure when cold on the scene.
Fig. 2 is the suspended state figure behind the method for the embodiment of the invention one cold junction bundle on the scene.
Fig. 3 is the working state figure of method when loading of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 4 is the suspended state figure of method after discharging load of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 5 is the working state figure of method when loading of the embodiment of the invention three.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of specific embodiment of the present invention is: a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, its concrete practice is: A, cold: by support system 8, the aerosoles of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is supported on desired location, start refrigerating apparatus then, make superconduction block material enter superconducting state; B, discharge to support: support system discharges the support to aerosoles, makes aerosoles be in stable suspersion state under unloaded; C, loading: aerosoles is applied external force, make it be in stable suspersion state under the external force load; D, release load: discharge institute and add external force, aerosoles makes the stable suspersion state that is in once more, and with the initial condition of this state as the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system operation.
More specifically, the method for present embodiment at high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system be high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle.As shown in Figure 1, the aerosoles of high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle is that car body 1 bottom is equipped with refrigerating apparatus 2, is wherein loading high-temperature superconducting block 3 in the refrigerating apparatus 2.The tracks of permanent magnetism and the support 5 of car body below, the jacking system that is placed with Hydraulic Pump 8 or other other types between the support 5 are the lifting column realization support of Hydraulic Pump 8 and regulate high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle height degree by support system as the support system that adds.Hydraulic Pump 8 is installed in the originating station place of high-temperature superconducting maglev train line usually, and changes or set up according to the structure of truck system and weight.
Fig. 1 illustrates, and carries out the field in A step when cold, and Hydraulic Pump 8 pushes its pillars car body 1 is supported on the cold position of initial field, and this moment, the height of car body 1 was called the cold height of initial field.Start refrigerating apparatus 2 cooling high-temperature superconducting bulks 3 until reaching superconducting state, penetrate into high-temperature superconducting block 3 and by it captured generation flux pinning effect from tracks of permanent magnetism 4 magnetic field parts this moment, finish cold, make high-temperature superconducting block 3 can be in the tracks of permanent magnetism outfield stable suspersion.
Fig. 2 illustrates, when carrying out the release support in B step, Hydraulic Pump 8 is regained its pillar and is promptly finished the release that support system supports, because the flux pinning effect of high-temperature superconducting block 3, car body 1 stably suspends above tracks of permanent magnetism 4, this moment, car body 1 was in the stable suspersion state under the zero load, and unloaded hoverheight is less than the cold height of initial field.
Fig. 3 illustrates, and when carrying out the loading in C step, the 9 pairs of car bodies of weight of packing in the car body 1 that zero load suspends apply the gravity that adds.Weight 9 can add gradually and forms, and also can wholely once add.At this moment, descend because car body 1 total weight increases its hoverheight, high-temperature superconducting block 3 is more near tracks of permanent magnetism 4.Because high more the closer to the magnetic-field intensity in tracks of permanent magnetism 4 zones, the electromagnetic force (lift force) that makes progress that high-temperature superconducting block 3 produces is big more; When the lift force that drops to increase partly equals to increase the weight of load 9, high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle body 1 has realized that at the stable suspersion state that applies above the tracks of permanent magnetism 4 under the condition of loading obviously the loading hoverheight of this moment is less than the B unloaded hoverheight in step.
Fig. 4 illustrates, and when carrying out the release load in D step, also is about to weight 9 from the car body 1 behind the removal, and car body 1 " bounce-back " returns to the stable suspersion state.This moment high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle hoverheight greater than the loading hoverheight in C step but be lower than the B unloaded hoverheight in step, be the initial launch height.
A 130kg gravity that carries out with the example method load and discharge after the high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle system with the dynamic rate of direct cold same high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle system, the test result such as the following table of damping coefficient:
More than experiment draws, and after the employing the example method was carried out a 130kg loading, the dynamic rate and the damping coefficient of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system had promoted 61.98%, 48.53%, illustrate that the example method can make the stability of high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle improve greatly.
Embodiment two
This example and embodiment one are basic identical, different only be: repeat once to load and discharge the operation of load (weight).Following table is for this routine secondary loading of process with after after discharging load, and embodiment one only loads and discharges the dynamic rate and the damping coefficient of load high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system once, by following table as seen, after the secondary loading, than only loading once its dynamic rate and damping coefficient further raising is arranged, improved 100.3%, 39.77% again than once loading respectively.
Embodiment three
Fig. 5 illustrates, this example is basic identical with embodiment one, different only be: the mode of loading adopts hydraulic loaded, its concrete practice is: use the Hydraulic Pump 8 in the support system to rise pillar, and pass through bolt, also can be class immobilising devices such as latch, high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle body 1 and Hydraulic Pump 8 pillars are connected as a single entity.Hydraulic Pump 8 application of forces drop to lower position with car body 1 by force, reach with hydraulic way to apply the purpose of external force to car body, and make it be in stabilized conditions under the external force load.When discharging load, immobilising device removals such as bolt or latch are got final product.
During the invention process, it is better that the loading in its C step and the release in D step load 1-3 effect of general repetition.Certainly also can repeat more times number, but the effect that repeats more than four times is no longer obvious, the opposite difficulty that increases operation, wasting manpower and material resources.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, its concrete practice is:
A, cold: by support system, the aerosoles of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is supported on desired location, starts refrigerating apparatus then, make superconduction block material enter superconducting state;
B, discharge to support: support system discharges the support to aerosoles, makes aerosoles be in stable suspersion state under unloaded;
C, loading: aerosoles is applied external force, make it be in stabilized conditions under the external force load;
D, release load: discharge institute and add external force, aerosoles makes the stable suspersion state that is in once more, and with the initial condition of this state as the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system operation.
2, a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described C step and D step repeat 1-3 time.
3, a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described externally applied forces is a vertical direction.
4, a kind of method that improves stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described externally applied forces is a horizontal direction.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103065759B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Superconducting magnet supporting and positioning system |
| CN106740250B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2023-03-21 | 西南交通大学 | Magnetic suspension mechanism and magnetic suspension train |
| CN110295519B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-03-15 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | High-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation track with cooling system and magnetic levitation train operation method |
| CN111284330B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2023-01-31 | 上海交通大学 | High-temperature superconducting electric magnetic suspension train |
| CN112493791A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-03-16 | 南安智能蓝工业设计有限公司 | Rotating magnetic suspension dummy model for clothing shop |
| CN112848913B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-06-21 | 福建师范大学 | Synchronous rising and falling system and field cooling method for high-temperature superconducting maglev train |
| CN113377073B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-09-09 | 西南交通大学 | Flexible job shop scheduling optimization method based on double-layer multi-agent system |
| CN114435957B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-05-03 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Magnetic suspension type gravity unloading mechanism and method for ultra-large caliber light reflecting mirror |
| CN114734826B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-02 | 西南交通大学 | Permanent magnet electric suspension system and guiding method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| NdFeB永磁轨道上方YBaCuO块材的悬浮稳定性与场冷位置间关系. 郑珺等.低温物理学报，第27卷第2期. 2005 |
| NdFeB永磁轨道上方YBaCuO块材的悬浮稳定性与场冷位置间关系. 郑珺等.低温物理学报，第27卷第2期. 2005 * |
| 提高YBCO块材在外磁场中悬浮力. 任仲友等.低温物理学报，第25卷第3期. 2003 |
| 提高YBCO块材在外磁场中悬浮力. 任仲友等.低温物理学报，第25卷第3期. 2003 * |
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