CN100573964C - Organic light emitting diode - Google Patents
Organic light emitting diode Download PDFInfo
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- CN100573964C CN100573964C CNB2006101723179A CN200610172317A CN100573964C CN 100573964 C CN100573964 C CN 100573964C CN B2006101723179 A CNB2006101723179 A CN B2006101723179A CN 200610172317 A CN200610172317 A CN 200610172317A CN 100573964 C CN100573964 C CN 100573964C
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Abstract
The invention provides organic electroluminescent device, it is the organic electroluminescent device of last illuminated or double-side formula.This organic electroluminescent device comprises that substrate, first electrode are formed on this substrate, electroluminescent material layer is formed on this first electrode, and second electrode be formed on this electroluminescent material layer, wherein, first or second electrode is the fine-grained transparent metal electrode that mixes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic electroluminescent device (organic electroluminescentelement), particularly a kind of improvement of electrode structure of organic electroluminescent device.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the progress of electronic product Development Technology and increasingly extensive application thereof, image drift mobile phone, PDA and notebook computer ask the city, make the demand of comparing flat-panel screens with traditional monitor grow with each passing day, become one of present most important electronic application product with smaller size smaller and power consumption characteristic.In the middle of flat-panel screens because organic electroluminescent spare has characteristics such as self-luminous, high brightness, wide viewing angle, high answer speed and technology is easy, make organic electroluminescent spare undoubtedly will become next optimal selection of flat-panel screens from generation to generation.
No matter be to go up illuminated or double-side formula Organic Light Emitting Diode, except anode and electroluminescent material layer, more include transparent cathode, so that Organic Light Emitting Diode can outwards send light by cathode side by this transparent cathode.The preparation method of this transparent cathode can be the metal level that utilizes hot evaporation to form thinner thickness, for example: and magnesium, silver, aluminium, or utilize sputter spraying plating mode to form transparent conductive layer, for example: indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium-zinc oxide (IZO).In general, owing to utilize its degree of sticking of the formed metal level of hot evaporation (adhesion) relatively poor for electroluminescent material layer, and thin metal layer has lower penetration, therefore in order to obtain the higher transparent cathode of penetration, form transparent ITO or IZO electrode in industrial quarters general using sputter spraying plating mode.Yet, though if use the conducting polymer light transmittance and pliability is good but electrical conductivity difference and technology are loaded down with trivial details, if use folder layer of metal film in conducting polymer or the ito thin film, though light transmittance, electrical conductivity is good and pliability is good but easily hinder element, if use the electrode of film metal electrode collocation auxiliary electrode, though the good technology of tool light transmittance, electrical conductivity and pliability is loaded down with trivial details.
Therefore, how developing and have the thin metal layer that electrical conductivity is good, light transmittance is good and pliability is good simultaneously, to address the above problem, is to need one of emphasis of research badly on the present organic electroluminescent LED technology.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is for providing the organic electroluminescent LED that a kind of electrical conductivity is good, light transmittance is good and pliability is good.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of organic electroluminescent device, comprise substrate; First electrode is formed on this substrate; Electroluminescent material layer is formed on this first electrode, and second electrode, is formed on this electroluminescent material layer, and wherein this second electrode is the fine-grained transparent metal electrode that mixes.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of organic electroluminescent device in addition, comprises substrate; First electrode is formed on this substrate, and wherein this first electrode is the fine-grained transparent metal electrode that mixes; Electroluminescent material layer is formed on this first electrode, and second electrode, is formed on this electroluminescent material layer.
For above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and cooperate appended diagram, be described in detail below:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows organic electroluminescent device profile of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows that transparency electrode of the present invention is a combination electrode.
Fig. 3 is presented on the transparency electrode and forms light and pick up layer.
Fig. 4 shows the organic electroluminescent device profile of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the light transmittance of the thick and Li doped F layer of silver-colored 20nm.
Fig. 6 shows the light transmittance of the thick and Li doped F layer of aluminium 20nm.
Fig. 7 shows the organic electroluminescent device profile of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 8 shows the organic electroluminescent device profile of the embodiment of the invention 2.
The main element symbol description
10,100,200～organic electroluminescent device;
12,110,210～substrate;
14～the first electrodes;
16a～hole injection layer;
16b～hole transmission layer;
16c～luminescent layer;
16d～electron transfer layer;
16e～electron injecting layer;
18～the second electrodes;
18a～metal level;
18b～metal transparency electrode;
20～light picks up layer;
120～ito transparent electrode;
130～electroluminescent material layer;
132～hole transmission layer;
134～electron transfer layer;
140～metal level;
The transparent metal layer of 150～doping particulate;
160～NPB layer (light picks up layer);
220～ito transparent electrode;
230～electroluminescent material layer;
232～hole transmission layer;
234～electron transfer layer;
240～electron injecting layer;
250～metal level;
260～combination electrode;
262～metal level;
The transparent metal layer of 264～doping particulate;
270～NPB layer (light picks up layer).
Embodiment
Organic electroluminescent device of the present invention is characterized in that in the transparent metal electrode doping transmission substance is to reach simultaneously that electrical conductivity is good, light transmittance is good and advantage such as pliability is good.Organnic electroluminescent device of the present invention, it comprises substrate, anode, electroluminescent material layer, n N-type semiconductor N compound resilient coating at least, reaches transparent cathode.
Below, show to meet the preferred embodiment of one of organic electroluminescent device of the present invention that conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows now:
Please refer to Fig. 1, this organic electroluminescent device 10 comprises substrate 12, for example: glass, pottery, plastic base, flexible base plate or semiconductor substrate.This substrate can optionally be selected for use, also even form and go up illuminated (top-emission) organic electroluminescent device, then this substrate can be opaque substrate: in addition, if form lighting at two sides formula (dual emission) organic electroluminescent device, then this substrate can be transparency carrier.
Then, form the upper surface of first electrode in 14 these substrates 12.This first electrode is an anode, it can be transparency electrode, metal electrode or combination electrode, its material can be for example for being selected from by lithium, magnesium, calcium, aluminium, silver, indium, gold, tungsten, nickel, platinum, the formed alloy of above-mentioned element, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium-zinc oxide (IZO), Zinc-aluminium (AZO), zinc oxide (ZnO) or its combination, and its generation type can be hot evaporation, sputter or plasma fortified formula chemical vapour deposition (CVD) mode.In preferred embodiment of the present invention, between this anode 14 and this substrate 12, can further comprise the reflector.
Then, form electroluminescent material layer 16 on this first electrode 14.This electroluminescent material layer 16 comprises hole injection layer 16a at least, and further comprises hole transmission layer 16b, luminescent layer 16c (light emitting layer), electron transfer layer 16d, and electron injecting layer 16e, please refer to Fig. 1.Each rete of this electroluminescent material layer 16 can be respectively micromolecule electroluminescent organic material or macromolecule electroluminescent organic material, if micromolecule Organic Light Emitting Diode material can utilize the vacuum evaporation mode to be formed with the OLED material layer; If macromolecule Organic Light Emitting Diode material then can use modes such as rotary coating, ink-jet or screen painting to be formed with the OLED material layer.In addition, this luminescent layer 16a can comprise electroluminescent organic material and alloy (dopant), as those of ordinary skills, and visual employed electroluminescent organic material and required element characteristic and change the doping of the alloy of being arranged in pairs or groups.Therefore, how many non-features of the present invention of the doping of alloy, non-foundation for the restriction scope of the invention.This alloy can be energy transfer (energy transfer) type dopant material or carrier captures (carrier trapping) type dopant material, and this alloy helps to suppress the concentration frosting phenomenon of this electroluminescent organic material, and makes element obtain high efficiency and high brightness.This electroluminescent organic material can be fluorescence (fluorescence) luminescent material.And in some preferred embodiment of the present invention, this electroluminescent organic material also can be fluorescence (fluorescence) luminescent material.
At last, form second electrode 18 on electroluminescent material layer 16, as negative electrode.This second electrode 18 is the transparent metal electrode, and the metal material of this transparent metal electrode can be general metal material, for example, and aluminium, gold, silver, magnesium or calcium etc.And it should be noted that the doping particulate goes out rate (lightoutcoupling) to increase light transmittance and photoconduction in this metal material, the method for doping is general prior art, for example is total to evaporation.Wherein this particulate can be organic fine particles (as ALQ
3, NPB or CuPc etc.), inorganic particles is (as LiF, MgF
2, V
2O
5Or WO
3Deng) or the organic-inorganic hybrid fine particles, and the size of particulate is preferably between 0.05 to the 0.2 μ m below 0.4 μ m.The doping ratio of metal and particulate is preferably 1: 0.1～between 1: 0.8 between 1: 0.05 to 1: 1.2 (wt/wt), and the sheet resistance value of this transparent metal conductive layer is preferable less than 50 Ω/ less than 150 Ω/.
Transparent metal electrode of the present invention is doped with particulate, have good light transmittance and photoconduction and go out rate, and the Organic Light Emitting Diode that does not have this structure has 3/4 light source can't be derived because of the inner full-reflection phenomenon approximately.Turn to because of transparent metal of the present invention can make total reflection light, go out rate, can avoid the situation of light total reflection, light can be derived from the forward up and down of substrate and have good photoconduction.
With reference to Fig. 2, in another embodiment of the present invention, transparent metal electrode of the present invention can be combination electrode 18.Combination electrode 18 comprises the transparent metal electrode 18b and the metal level 18a of doping particulate, and wherein this metal level 18a is between electroluminescent material layer 16 and transparent metal electrode 18b.
With reference to Fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, further be included on the transparent metal electrode 18 of the present invention and form light and pick up layer 20.Light picks up layer 20 and can be organic layer or inorganic layer, and organic layer can be ALQ
3, NPB or CuPc etc.When the transparent metal electrode in the element and the refractive index difference between air are excessive, can cause the total reflection of light, can avoid the situation of total reflection to produce and form extra layer, and increase the brightness of organic electroluminescent device.
Please refer to Fig. 4, in another embodiment, transparent metal electrode of the present invention is first electrode, is formed at the upper surface of substrate, and the embodiment of all the other steps and Fig. 1～3 is similar, and identical program repeats no more.In this embodiment, metal electrode of the present invention has good light transmittance and photoconduction goes out rate equally.
Please refer to Fig. 5, it shows light transmittance and the resistance value of silver behind the LiF of doping different proportion, and its doping ratio was respectively 5: 1,5: 2 and 5: 4.By among the figure as can be known, can increase its light transmittance behind the Li doped F, and sheet resistance is all at 6 Ω/below the.
Please refer to Fig. 6, it shows light transmittance and the resistance value of aluminium behind the LiF of doping different proportion, and its doping ratio was respectively 20: 0.75,8: 1,5: 1 and 20: 6.7.By among the figure as can be known, behind Li doped F, can increase its light transmittance, and preferable doping ratio is below 5: 1.
Below by embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2 actual composition and advantage of the present invention place of each layer of organic electroluminescent device of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
Please refer to Fig. 7, this organic electroluminescent device 100 is a double-side formula element, and this substrate 110 is a glass substrate.This anode 120 is an ito transparent electrode, and thickness is
This electroluminescent material layer 130 comprises hole transmission layer 132, electron transfer layer 134 from lower to upper in regular turn.The material of this hole transmission layer 132 is NPB (N, N '-two-1-Nai Ji-N, N '-diphenyl-1,1 '-xenyl-1,1 '-xenyl-4,4 '-diamines) (N, N '-di-1-naphthyl-N, N '-diphenyl-1,1 '-biphenyl-1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4 '-diamine), thickness is
The material of this electron transfer layer 134 is Alq
3, thickness is
Metal level 140 (work function collocation layer) is arranged on electroluminescent material layer 130, and its material is a calcium, and thickness is
Transparent cathode is a transparent metal layer 150, and its material is silver-colored Li doped F, and doping ratio is 6.6: 1, and thickness is
NPB layer 160 is arranged on this negative electrode, and thickness is
The structure of this organic electroluminescent device can be expressed as: glass/ITO
/ NPB
/ Alq
3 
/ Ca
/ Ag:LiF
/ NPB
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 described organic electroluminescent device structure be with silver as transparent cathode, itself and non-impurity-doped particulate.The structural table of this organic electroluminescent device is shown: glass/ITO
/ NPB
/ Alq
3 
/ Ca
/ Ag
/ NPB
The The performance test results of above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device is as shown in table 1.As shown in Table 1, doping transparent metal electrode of the present invention can increase the brightness and the light luminous efficiency of organic electroluminescent device.
Table 1: embodiment 1 tests with the photoelectric characteristic of comparative example 1
| Last luminous efficiency (Im/W) | Top brightness (cd/m 2)(9v) | Following luminous efficiency (Im/W) | Below brightness (cd/m 2)(9v) | Total luminous efficiency (Im/W) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.04 | 1100 | 1.24 | 12000 | 1.28 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.03 | 500 | 0.59 | 6000 | 0.62 |
Embodiment 2
Please refer to Fig. 8, this organic electroluminescent device 200 is a double-side formula element, and this substrate 210 is a glass substrate.This anode 220 is an ito transparent electrode, and thickness is
This electroluminescent material layer 230 comprises hole transmission layer 232, electron transfer layer 234 from lower to upper in regular turn.The material of this hole transmission layer 232 is NPB, and thickness is
The material of this electron transfer layer 234 is Alq
3, thickness is
Electron injecting layer 240 is arranged on electroluminescent material layer 230, and its material is LiF, and thickness is
Metal level (work function collocation layer) 250 is arranged on metal level 240 in addition, and its material is a calcium, and thickness is
Transparent cathode is a combination electrode 260, comprises metal level 262 and transparent metal layer 264.The material of metal level 262 is a silver, and thickness is
The material of transparent metal layer 264 is silver-colored doping NPB, and doping ratio is 3: 1, and thickness is
NPB layer 270 is arranged on this negative electrode, and thickness is
The structure of this organic electroluminescent device can be expressed as: glass/ITO
/ NPB
/ Alq
3 / LiF
/ Ca
/ Ag
/ Ag:NPB
/ NPB
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 described organic electroluminescent device structures be with silver as transparent cathode, itself and non-impurity-doped particulate.The structural table of this organic electroluminescent device is shown: glass/ITO
/ NPB
/ Alq
3 
/ LiF
/ Ca
/ Ag
/ NPB
The The performance test results of above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device is as shown in table 2.As shown in Table 2, doping transparent metal electrode of the present invention can increase the light luminous efficiency of organic electroluminescent device.
Table 1: embodiment 2 tests with the photoelectric characteristic of comparative example 2
| Last luminous efficiency (Im/W) | Following luminous efficiency (Im/W) | Total luminous efficiency (Im/W) | |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.42 | 1.13 | 1.55 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.28 | 0.8 | 1.08 |
Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; as those of ordinary skills; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can doing a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking appended the claim person of defining.
Claims (14)
1. organic electroluminescent device comprises:
Substrate;
First electrode is formed on this substrate;
Electroluminescent material layer is formed on this first electrode, and
Second electrode is formed on this electroluminescent material layer,
Wherein this first and/or second electrode comprises the transparent metal electrode that is doped with transparent particulate, and the size of described transparent particulate is less than 0.4 μ m.
2. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this substrate is glass substrate, ceramic substrate or plastic base.
3. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this substrate is flexible base plate or semiconductor substrate.
4. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this electroluminescent material layer comprises hole transmission layer, luminescent layer and electron transfer layer.
5. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this transparent metal electrode is aluminium, gold, silver, magnesium or calcium.
6. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this particulate is organic fine particles, inorganic particles or organic-inorganic hybrid fine particles.
7. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 6, wherein this organic fine particles comprises ALQ
3, NPB or CuPc.
8. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 6, wherein this inorganic particles comprises LiF, MgF
2, V
2O
5Or WO
3
9. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the doping part by weight of this second electrode and particulate is 1: 0.05 to 1: 1.2.
10. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sheet resistance of this second electrode is less than 150 Ω/.
11. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sheet resistance of this second electrode is less than 50 Ω/.
12. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1 comprises that further the light that is formed on this second electrode picks up layer.
13. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 12, wherein this light picks up layer for organic layer.
14. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 13, wherein this organic layer is ALQ
3, NPB or CuPc.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101723179A CN100573964C (en) | 2006-12-30 | 2006-12-30 | Organic light emitting diode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101723179A CN100573964C (en) | 2006-12-30 | 2006-12-30 | Organic light emitting diode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101212024A CN101212024A (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| CN100573964C true CN100573964C (en) | 2009-12-23 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101723179A Active CN100573964C (en) | 2006-12-30 | 2006-12-30 | Organic light emitting diode |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101846256A (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2010-09-29 | 蔡州 | Led light source |
| CA2910125A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation | Substrate having rugged structure obtained from hydrophobic sol/gel material |
| CN103715368A (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light emitting device, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| KR20180075918A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Electroluminescent Display Device |
| CN108963106B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-11-13 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Display panel, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
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