CN100568353C

CN100568353C - Holographic optical information recording/reproducing device and holographic optical information recording/reproducing method

Info

Publication number: CN100568353C
Application number: CNB2006800054503A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 笠澄研一; 杉田知也; 水岛哲郎; 山本和久; 门胁慎一
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2005-03-02
Filing date: 2006-03-01
Publication date: 2009-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-01
Also published as: CN101124630A; WO2006093196A1; JP4790701B2; US7859972B2; JPWO2006093196A1; US20080117788A1

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of quality that can improve regenerated signal, can carry out the holographic optical information recording/reproducing device and the holographic optical information recording/reproducing method of signal regeneration again with high transfer rate, this holographic optical information recording/reproducing device, have LASER Light Source (1) and cut apart polarisation of light streamer beam splitter (8) from LASER Light Source (1), during the information record, it is modulated and become the beam row of arrangement via spatial optical modulation element (2) to be polarized a light beam that streamer beam splitter (8) cuts apart, these beam row become flashlight (25), divided another light beam becomes with reference to light (22), flashlight (25) and the interference fringe that produces with reference to light (22), as holographic recording in holographic optical disk (5), during information regeneration, have only with reference to light (22) irradiation holographic optical disk (5), its diffraction light is detected.At this moment, holographic optical information recording/reproducing device, the power sum in the holographic optical disk (5) the when power with reference to light (22) in the holographic optical disk when making information regeneration (5) writes down greater than information with reference to the power and signal light (25) of light (22).

Description

Holographic optical information recording/reproducing device and holographic optical information recording/reproducing method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a holographic optical information recording/reproducing device and a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method used for an external storage device of a computer, a video/audio information storage device, and the like.

Background

A Compact Disc (CD) uses an optical system of a light source having a wavelength of 780nm and an Objective Lens (Objective Lens) having a numerical aperture of 0.45, making it possible to record 74 minutes of music data or 650MB of digital data. In addition, a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) uses an optical system including a light source having a wavelength of 650nm and an objective lens having a numerical aperture of 0.6, and is capable of recording moving pictures of MPEG2 system for 2 hours and 15 minutes or Digital data of 4.7 GB.

In recent years, high-density and high-capacity optical disks have been increasingly expected for the reasons of high-definition moving pictures having a horizontal resolution of 1000 or more, high performance of personal computers, and the like. On the other hand, an optical disc system combining a light source having a wavelength of about 400nm and an objective lens having a numerical aperture of 0.85 has been proposed, and it is desired to realize a recording capacity exceeding 20GB on one side.

In this way, the optical disc apparatus can achieve a high data recording density on the optical disc by using a light source having a shorter wavelength and an objective lens having a larger numerical aperture. However, the approach to high-density recording based on the shortening of the wavelength of the light source and the increase in the numerical aperture of the lens as described above is approaching the limit. That is, in the region of a wavelength of 400nm or less, since the wavelength dispersion of the glass material used for the lens is large, it is difficult to control the aberration thereof. In addition, when the solid immersion lens technology developed to increase the numerical aperture is used, there is a problem that the optical disc is not easily exchanged because the lens operating distance, that is, the distance between the lens and the optical disc is extremely shortened (about 50 nm). Therefore, in order to overcome these problems and to further increase the data recording density on the optical disc, a Holographic (Holographic) recording technique has been attracting attention.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram for explaining an optical disc system of shift multi-recording system proposed by Psaltis et al, for example, and schematically shows a schematic configuration of an optical system of the optical disc system (see patent document 1: specification of U.S. patent No. 5,671,073, for example). The optical disc system 200 of shift multi-recording system shown in fig. 20 includes: a laser light source 201, a beam expander 207, a polarized light beam splitter 208, a mirror 210, a spatial light modulator 202,

fourier transform lenses

203 and 204,

holographic disks

205, 1/2, a wavelength plate 211, a condenser lens 212, and a two-dimensional light receiving element array 206.

The beam diameter of the light from the laser light source 201 is enlarged by the beam expander 207, and then the light is split by the polarization beam splitter 208. The divided one beam passes through the 1/2 wavelength plate 211, and then is changed in traveling direction by the mirror 210 to pass through the spatial light modulator 202. The beam having passed through the spatial light modulator 202 is condensed by the fourier transform lens 203, and the condensed beam is irradiated onto the hologram disc 205 as the signal light 220. The other beam is condensed by the condenser lens 212, and the condensed other beam becomes the reference beam 222 and is irradiated to the same position as the irradiation position of the signal beam 220 on the hologram disc 205. The hologram disc 205 has a structure in which a hologram medium such as Photopolymer (Photopolymer) is sealed between 2 glass substrates, and interference fringes of the signal light 220 and the reference light 222 are recorded in the hologram medium.

Here, the spatial light modulator 202 has an optical switch array configured by two-dimensionally arranging optical switches, each of which is independently turned on and off in accordance with the input signal 223, each of which is a cell corresponding to 1-Bit (Bit) of image information. For example, in the spatial light modulator 202 of 1024 units × 1024 units, 1 mbit of information can be displayed at the same time. When the light beam passes through the spatial light modulator 202, the 1M-bit information displayed on the spatial light modulator 202 is converted into a two-dimensional light beam sequence, and is condensed by the fourier transform lens 203.

In addition, when reproducing the recorded signal, only the reference light 222 is irradiated onto the hologram disc 205. Then, the reproduction signal light 221 as diffracted light from the hologram disc 205 is converted into a two-dimensional light beam sequence by the fourier transform lens 204, and the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 is irradiated with the light beam sequence.

Here, the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 is configured by two-dimensionally arranging light receiving elements, and corresponds to the arrangement of the optical switches of the spatial light modulator 202. Therefore, in the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206, each light beam of the two-dimensional light beam array is photoelectrically converted by the corresponding light receiving element, and the reproduction signal 224 is output.

The optical disc system 200 shown in fig. 20 is characterized in that the thickness of the hologram medium is about 1mm, and interference fringes are recorded as a thick Grating, so-called Bragg Grating, so that angular multiplex recording, that is, multiplex recording of information by changing the incident angles of the signal light and the reference light with respect to the optical disc is possible, thereby increasing the capacity of information recorded on the optical disc. In the optical disc system shown in fig. 20, instead of changing the incident angle of the reference light 222, multiple angles can be realized by moving the irradiation position of the spherical wave reference light. That is, the hologram disc 205 is slightly rotated, and the incident angle of the reference light sensed by each part of the hologram disc 205 is slightly changed when the recording position is moved.

In this configuration, a large amount of data can be recorded in 1 hologram, and recording and reproduction can be performed in parallel, so that a high-speed optical information recording and reproducing apparatus can be realized. Further, since multiple recording is possible, a large-capacity optical information recording/reproducing apparatus is realized.

However, in the above-described conventional configuration, since the amount of the reproduction diffracted light is small, the electrical noise generated in the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 becomes relatively large, and the S/N ratio of the reproduction signal decreases. Furthermore, in order to have a sufficient S/N ratio to regenerate the signal, the transmission rate has to be reduced. In the above-described conventional structure, recording can be performed only with the same recording density for the same type of media.

In the above-described conventional configuration, since the signal light is blocked by each cell of the spatial light modulator 202, the light utilization efficiency is low, and a coherent light source having a large output is required. Also, the transfer rate at the time of recording is low. In the conventional configuration, the magnification of the lens changes with time and with the change in the ambient temperature, and the light spot row of the reproduced signal light 221 on the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 does not match the light receiving cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206, which causes a problem of deterioration of the reproduced signal.

Further, in the above-described conventional configuration, there is a problem that, when reproducing a signal due to distortion aberration (aberration) of the lens, the spot position of the reproduction signal light 221 does not coincide with the position of the light receiving cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206, and the reproduction signal is deteriorated. Further, in the above-described conventional structure, it is necessary to design the lens so that the distortion aberration of the lens is 0.2% or less and strictly satisfies the fsin θ condition, and thus there are problems that the number of constituent lenses of the lens increases, the weight of the lens becomes large, the cost of the lens increases, and the like.

Moreover, in the above-described conventional structure, there is also a problem in that it takes time to verify the information that has been recorded on the holographic disk 205. Here, the rotation speed of the hologram disc 205 is very slow, and when reproducing the recorded hologram, the disc needs to rotate for at least 1 rotation. For example, when holograms are continuously recorded at a position of 40mm radius of the hologram disc 205 in the circumferential direction of the hologram disc at intervals of 30 μm, since the linear velocity of the disc is 30 mm/sec, the distance of 1 rotation of the disc in the circumferential direction is about 250mm, and the number of rotations of the hologram disc is fixed during recording, about 8 seconds is required from the start of recording to the verification.

Further, in the above-described conventional structure, there is also a problem that it takes a long time to fix the recording material of the unrecorded portion at the end of recording. In the conventional configuration described above, since the pitch of the light receiving cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 is substantially equal to the pitch of the light spot rows of the reproduced signal light 221, the pitch of the light receiving cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 becomes larger than the pitch of the light spot rows of the reproduced signal light 221 in some or all of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 due to a change in magnification of a lens, distortion aberration of the lens, or the like caused by a change in ambient temperature or a change in time, and the reproduced signal is significantly deteriorated.

In addition, in the other conventional configuration, since the pitch of the light receiving cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array is 2 times or more (1/2 times, to be appropriate) the pitch of the light spot rows of the reproduced signal light, the number of cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array increases, the cost of the two-dimensional light receiving element array increases, the number of signal lead lines from the two-dimensional light receiving element array increases, and the circuit scale of the two-dimensional data processing circuit increases.

Further, in the above-described conventional configuration, there is a problem that since the size of the light receiving cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 is substantially equal to the pitch of the light receiving cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206, the influence of the inter-symbol interference of adjacent light spots from the reproduced signal light 221 becomes large, and the reproduced signal deteriorates. Further, in the above-described conventional configuration, since the size of the light receiving unit of the spatial light modulator 202 is large, the size of the light spot of the reproduction signal light 221 becomes large, the influence of inter-symbol interference increases, and the reproduction signal deteriorates.

Further, in the above-described conventional configuration, since the position of the first zero point (firstnull) of the light spot of the reproduction signal light 221 is different from the position of the adjacent cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206, the influence of the inter-symbol interference increases, and the reproduction signal deteriorates. Further, in the above-described conventional configuration, when the signal light 220 is incident on the holographic disk 205, the aperture of the size of 0 th order light of the diffraction pattern determined by the aperture of the cell of the spatial light modulator 202 is set. Therefore, the spot size of the signal light 220 on the two-dimensional light receiving element array 206 increases, and there is a problem that the signal quality of the reproduced signal is degraded due to inter-symbol interference.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device and a holographic optical information recording and reproducing method, which can improve the quality of a reproduced signal and reproduce the signal at a high transmission rate.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention comprises a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, in recording information, one of the light beams divided by the beam dividing unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element into an arrayed beam train which becomes a signal light, and another light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to generate interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes are recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, in reproducing information, only the reference light is irradiated onto the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, wherein the power of the reference light in the recording medium during information reproduction is greater than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium during information recording.

The present invention also provides a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method for a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus having a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, comprising a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train at the time of information recording, the beam train being a signal light, and another light beam split by the beam splitting means being a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, and a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, and detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light receiving element, wherein the power of the reference light in the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, is larger than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium at the time of information recording.

According to the present invention, since the power of the reference light in the recording medium at the time of information reproduction is made larger than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium at the time of information recording, it is possible to improve the quality of a reproduced signal and reproduce a signal at a high transmission rate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a case where holograms are recorded in a hologram disk in a multiplex manner in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state of a hologram multiplexed on the hologram disc in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a change in beam intensity of the reference light in accordance with an incidence angle in the hologram disc.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a 1-2 conversion symbol scheme.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the 3-16 conversion symbol scheme.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic optical configuration diagram of a two-dimensional light-receiving element array used in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining how the two-dimensional light receiving element array shown in fig. 9 receives light from a reproduction signal light spot.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a schematic optical structure of a spatial light modulation element used in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a parabolic schematic view of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the aperture shape of the spatial light modulator.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the aperture shape of the spatial light modulator.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the aperture shape of the spatial light modulator.

Fig. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of another spatial light modulator.

Fig. 17 is a parabolic schematic view of the light intensity distribution of the signal light in the aperture in the vicinity of the hologram surface in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a result of calculation of a light intensity distribution of a reproduction signal light spot on a two-dimensional light receiving element surface when a light shielding member having an aperture is provided in the vicinity of a hologram surface in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic plan view of a two-dimensional light-receiving element array 6 used in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(first embodiment)

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The laser light source 1 emits laser light of 532.1nm wavelength which emits the second harmonic of a YAG solid-state laser excited by semiconductor laser light. The beam of light from the laser light source 1 is reflected by the mirror 13, and the beam diameter thereof is enlarged by the beam expander 7. The beam-expanded light enters 1/2 through a wavelength plate 9 and is separated into signal light 25 and reference light 22 by a polarization beam splitter (polarizing beam splitter) 8. The light incident on the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 is linearly polarized light and has a polarization component in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, for example. By adjusting the rotation angle of the 1/2 wavelength plate 9, the ratio of the polarization component perpendicular to the plane of the paper and the polarization component parallel to the plane of the paper of the light directed to the polarization beam splitter 8 is changed. Of the light incident on the polarization beam splitter 8, a polarization wave perpendicular to the paper surface propagates straight as the reference light 22. Of the light incident on the polarization beam splitter 8, the polarization parallel to the paper surface is reflected and becomes the signal light 25.

In order to efficiently record a hologram, it is necessary to make the polarization direction of the signal light 25 and the polarization direction of the reference light 22 parallel in the hologram disk 5, and to make the polarization components of the signal light 25 and the reference light 22 coincide with each other in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Therefore, the signal light 25 passes through the 1/2 wavelength plate 11, and the polarization direction thereof is rotated by 90 degrees, thereby becoming a polarization wave perpendicular to the paper surface. The spatial light modulator 2 is composed of two-dimensionally arranged optical switch arrays, and is turned ON/OFF in accordance with an input signal 23 to convert an incident light beam into a signal light beam array 20. The signal light beam train 20 is condensed on the hologram disk 5 by the lens 3. The reference light 22 passes through the condenser lens 12, and intersects the signal light 25 (signal light beam train 20) in the hologram disc 5, thereby generating interference fringes. The hologram disk 5 is formed by laminating (Sandwich) a photopolymerizable material as a hologram material between 2 glass substrates. The hologram material changes the refractive index of each portion according to the intensity of incident light, and the interference fringes are recorded as a refractive index difference.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus shown in fig. 1 has an advantage that a plurality of holograms can be multiply recorded in the same place on the holographic disk 5, thereby realizing a large recording capacity. The case where the hologram is multiply recorded in the hologram optical disc 5 is shown in fig. 2.

The signal light beam train 20 is condensed on the hologram disk 5 via the recording lens 3. At this time, the signal light Beam train 20 is modulated according to the input signal, and does not have the same wavefront, so that the holographic disk 5 has a Beam Waist (Beam Waist) shape having a finite size. On the other hand, the reference beam 22 is condensed on the surface of the glass substrate 52 via the condenser lens 12, and intersects the signal light beam train 20 in the photopolymerizable material 51. The Monomer (Monomer) is dispersed in the photopolymerizable material 51, and the Monomer is consumed during polymerization depending on the exposure intensity, thereby generating a concentration distribution of the Monomer. After polymerization, the monomer diffuses (moves) in the direction in which the concentration distribution decays, resulting in a refractive index distribution.

After one hologram is recorded, the holographic disk 5 is slightly moved by rotation, and the next hologram is recorded. In fig. 2, the shifted incident signal beam train 20 and the reference beam 22 are shown by broken lines instead of the shift hologram disk 5. As shown, adjacent holograms are recorded with their areas overlapping each other. At this time, the condensed positions of the reference beams 22 of the holograms are different from each other, that is, if a certain point in the hologram material is taken as a viewpoint, the holograms are recorded in the state where the angles at which the reference beams 22 are incident are different from each other in the adjacent holograms. The structure of the hologram that has been multiplexed on the holographic disk 5 is shown in fig. 3. For example, the hologram size is 2mm, and the distance between adjacent holograms for multiplex recording is about 30 μm, and the holograms are multiply recorded. The hologram disk 5 is rotated once every hologram recording, so that successive holograms can be multiply recorded in the circumferential direction.

The hologram multiplex recording is completed by controlling the exposure amount in the range where the monomer is not consumed by the entire polymerization. When all the recording is completed, all the remaining monomers are polymerized, and the difference in refractive index is fixed to stabilize the material. This fixing process is not necessarily required, but if fixing is not performed, the following problem may occur. That is, the residual monomer is an unstable material, and is deteriorated by the storage environment to cause an unnecessary change in refractive index. Or unnecessary interference fringes are recorded during reproduction, and unnecessary diffracted light is generated during reproduction to cause deterioration in the S/N ratio of a reproduction signal.

The fixing step is a method of, for example, providing a light source having low interference, such as a light emitting diode, which irradiates only the reference beam 22 onto the holographic disk 5 and polymerizes the monomers without generating interference fringes, in advance in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, and sequentially irradiating the entire surface of the disk.

When reproducing a hologram which has been multiplexed recorded, the signal light beam train 20 is blocked and only the reference light 22 is irradiated to the hologram. Here, the hologram recorded in the photopolymer has the same thickness as the photopolymer and is recorded as a so-called bragg grating. It is known that a thick bragg grating has a strong angle dependence on incident reference light, and generates diffracted light for reproduction only when the reference light is incident at the same angle as the reference light at the time of recording. As described above, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of fig. 1, since the incident angle of the reference beam 22 sensed by the hologram is different for different holograms, it is possible to selectively reproduce one hologram among the holograms which have been multiplexed.

Here, the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment is characterized in that the power of the reference beam 22 is increased when reproducing a hologram. That is, the power of the reference beam 22 in the hologram disc 5 (photopolymerizable material 51) at the time of information reproduction is preferably larger than the sum of the power of the reference beam 22 and the power of the signal beam 25 (signal beam array 20) in the hologram disc 5 (photopolymerizable material 51) at the time of information recording, and more preferably larger than 2 times the sum. The power ratio of the reference light 22 to the signal light 25 at the time of recording information is preferably 3: 1 to 20: 1, and more preferably 5: 1 or more.

Since the diffracted light for reproduction from a hologram is generally low and is 1% or less, the amount of light received by the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 is small, and the ratio of electrical noise included in the reproduction signal is relatively large, resulting in a low S/N ratio of the reproduction signal. In order to secure a sufficient S/N ratio, it is conceivable to secure signal light power by using a light source having a large output, but this involves an increase in size and cost of the apparatus. Further, although there is also a method of securing the energy of the reproduction signal light 21 by increasing the time required to reproduce one hologram, this case causes the transmission rate to be lowered.

In the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment, the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 is rotated when reproducing a hologram, so that the light incident on the polarization beam splitter 8 is linearly polarized in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the power distribution to the signal light 25 is avoided, thereby increasing the power of the reference light 22. This ensures the amount of light received by the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 during reproduction, and enables holographic reproduction with a high transmission rate and a high S/N ratio.

In conventional optical disc devices such as CDs and DVDs, information is written by an increase in the temperature of the medium, and therefore, it is necessary to perform reproduction with a smaller optical power during reproduction than during recording, so as to reduce data damage caused by the increase in the temperature of the medium.

In contrast, in the holographic optical information recording technology for recording data by a change in the refractive index of the photopolymerizable material, the light amount of the reference light is rarely limited. That is, when reproducing a recorded medium, the photosensitive polymer monomer is substantially absent and the material is not changed by light irradiation, or when reproducing, only the reference light is irradiated, so that interference fringes are not generated and the monomer is uniformly polymerized, so that the refractive index difference is not changed. Therefore, even if the power of the reference light is increased, the recorded data is less likely to be damaged, and as in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment, the power of the reference light can be increased to improve the reproduction transmission rate.

In fig. 1, the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 is used as a means for controlling the direction of polarization of light incident on the polarization beam splitter 8, but a liquid crystal element, for example, may be used, and the same effect can be achieved by changing the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell.

Instead of the polarization beam splitter 8, a polarization hologram may be used, and the diffracted light and the transmitted light may be used as the signal light 25 and the reference light 22. At this time, the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 is rotated to control the polarization.

Further, as described above, in addition to the method of distributing power by using the polarized light of the beam, a Half Mirror (Half Mirror) may be provided at the position of the polarized beam splitter 8 in fig. 1, and the distribution ratio of the light beam may be changed by taking out or putting in the Half Mirror from the optical path. In this case, the number of optical components through which the light beam passes during reproduction is reduced, and the Wavefront Aberration (Wavefront Aberration) of the reference light 22 is reduced.

Further, the holographic optical information recording/reproducing device of the present embodiment has another advantage that the power ratio of the reference light 22 and the signal light 25 is controlled even when hologram recording is performed, and recording can be performed with an optimum power ratio. Here, the spatial light modulator 2 uses an amplitude-type SLM that modulates the intensity of transmitted light in accordance with a signal, and light incident on a cell corresponding to OFF data is blocked by the SLM, so that the light loss of the signal light 25 is very large. Therefore, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment, by distributing more power to the reference light 22, the distribution ratio to the signal light 25 is further reduced, and the light use efficiency of the entire device at the time of recording is improved. Therefore, the amount of light irradiated to the hologram disk 5 during recording is increased, and high-speed recording is possible.

The method of changing the power distribution ratio is not particularly limited to the above example, and various changes may be made. First, it is preferable to change the power distribution ratio at the time of information recording according to the recording medium. When hologram recording is performed on the hologram disc 5 as a recording medium, the refractive index of the photopolymerizable material 51 changes according to the light intensity distribution of the interference fringes generated by the signal light 25 and the reference light 22, and a hologram is recorded. At this time, since the maximum refractive index change amount differs in each recording medium, the most suitable exposure condition at the time of recording differs in each recording medium. Therefore, it is preferable to change the power allocation ratio in accordance with the type of the recording medium (for example, a recording/reproducing type recording medium, a write-once type recording medium, or the like). Further, the power distribution ratio may be changed according to the linearity of the recording medium.

Further, it is preferable that the power distribution ratio at the time of information recording is changed in accordance with the incident angle of the reference light. When multiple recording is performed on a plurality of holograms at the same place, a method of performing multiple recording by changing the incident angle of the reference light for each hologram is called angle multiple recording. For example, the incident angle may be changed by a deflecting means for deflecting the reference light, such as reflecting the reference light by a Galvano Mirror (Galvano Mirror).

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a change in beam intensity of the reference light in accordance with an incidence angle in the hologram disc. As shown in fig. 4, when the reference light enters the hologram disk 5, the beam intensity of the reference light changes in the hologram disk 5 according to the incident angle of the beam with respect to the hologram disk 5. That is, even if the beam intensity of the reference light before entering the hologram disc 5 is the same, when the incident angle is large (in the case of the reference light 12a indicated by a solid line in the figure), the beam size in the hologram disc 5 becomes large and the beam intensity in the hologram disc 5 becomes small as compared with the case of the incident angle being small (in the case of the reference light 12b indicated by a broken line in the figure). When recording a hologram in consideration of the change in the beam intensity, the rotational position of the wavelength plate 9 is controlled 1/2 in accordance with the incident angle of the reference light, so that the power of the reference light is increased to be higher than the reference power when the incident angle of the reference light is larger than the reference incident angle, and the power of the reference light is decreased to be lower than the reference power when the incident angle of the reference light is smaller than the reference incident angle. As a result, holograms can be recorded by fixing the intensity ratio, which is the power distribution ratio of the reference light to the signal light in the hologram disk 5, regardless of the incident angle of the reference light, and the light intensity of the reproduced signal light from each hologram can be fixed.

It is preferable that the power distribution ratio is changed in recording information according to the encoding method of the information recorded on the recording medium. In holographic recording, digitized data, which is an input signal, is converted into a two-dimensional data cell column and recorded. In this case, various encoding methods have been proposed for converting input data into a data cell sequence.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining 1-2 conversion of the symbol scheme, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining 3-16 conversion of the symbol scheme. For example, in the 1-2 conversion symbol scheme among symbol schemes called 1-2 conversion, 2 cells adjacent to each other on the left and right are assigned to 1Bit of input data as shown in a data cell sequence D1 in fig. 5. When Bit of input data is 1, the right data cell of the 2 data cells is ON (black cell in the figure), and the left data cell is OFF (white cell in the figure). In this scheme, 50% of all data cells are ON and the remaining 50% are OFF regardless of the input data.

In the 3-16 conversion symbol scheme among symbol schemes called 3-16 conversion, 1 side is composed of 4 cells, and data cells of a square region (a region surrounded by a thick line in the drawing) having a total cell number of 16 are assigned to 1byte (8 Bit) of input data as shown in a data cell column D2 in fig. 6, and for 256 data of 0 to 255, any 3 data cells among the 16 data cells are ON (black cells in the drawing), and the remaining 13 data cells are OFF (white cells in the drawing). Since there are 256 or more combinations of 3 cells selected from 16 data cells, the above-described embodiment can represent 1byte data, and 18.75% of all data cells are ON and the remaining 81.25% are OFF regardless of input data.

The ratio of the data unit turned ON is different according to the different encoding methods. This means that the transmittance of the entire spatial light modulator 2 generating the signal light changes depending on the encoding system, and in order to realize the optimum power distribution ratio between the reference light and the signal light in the hologram disc 5, it is necessary to change the power distribution ratio in accordance with the encoding system of the information recorded on the hologram disc 5. For example, in the present embodiment, when different encoding schemes are selected according to the types of recording media such as a recording/reproducing type recording medium and a write-once type recording medium, or media having different recording capacities, or when different encoding schemes are selected in a data area and a data management area such as a FAT (file allocation table), the power allocation ratio between the reference light and the signal light is changed according to the type of the recording medium or the area, that is, according to each encoding scheme. Specifically, each time the coding method is changed, the rotational position of the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 is controlled so that the power of the reference light or the power ratio between the reference light and the signal light increases or decreases in proportion to the reciprocal of the proportion of ON data cells in each coding method.

In addition, from the viewpoint of light utilization efficiency or power consumption of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device, the polarized beam splitter 8 preferably distributes all the optical power to the reference light during information reproduction. At this time, almost all of the light from the laser light source 1 is distributed to the reference light by the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 in which the power distribution ratio of the signal light to the reference light can be changed. However, since the 1/2 wavelength plate 9 and the polarization beam splitter 8 have a limited extinction ratio, it is preferable to cut off all the spatial light modulators 2 simultaneously arranged in the optical path of the signal light. This reduces deterioration of the S/N ratio caused by overlapping of a small amount of leakage light propagating through the optical path of the signal light with the reproduced signal light.

Further, it is preferable that a light shielding device such as a shutter is disposed in the optical path of the signal light, and the light shielding device is closed to block the above-mentioned leakage light during information reproduction. Thus, deterioration of the S/N ratio caused by overlapping of a small amount of leakage light propagating through the optical path of the signal light with the reproduced signal light can be avoided.

As the light shielding device, various members can be used, and for example, a Mechanical Shutter (Mechanical Shutter) that mechanically inserts and removes a metal piece as a light shielding member into and from an optical path of signal light can be used. In this case, the extinction ratio becomes extremely high, and deterioration of the S/N ratio can be avoided more reliably. In addition to the mechanical shutter, a liquid crystal element, an optical switch using a photoelectric effect, or the like can be used. In this case, the extinction ratio is not as good as that of the mechanical shutter, but since there is no movable member, the mechanical oscillation does not occur, and the switching operation can be performed at high speed.

(second embodiment)

Fig. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus of fig. 7 is advantageous in that a polarization control device for controlling the power distribution ratio of the signal light and the reference light can be constituted by the EO modulator 91. The EO modulator 91 can operate at high speed. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus of fig. 7 is characterized in that the hologram is reproduced immediately after one hologram is recorded. The procedure when recording a hologram is as follows.

First, when a hologram is recorded, the reference light 22 and the signal light 25 are simultaneously irradiated onto the hologram disk 5. At this time, the signal light 25 having passed through the spatial light modulator 2 is irradiated onto the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6. After the lapse of the time until the target exposure amount is reached, the applied voltage of the EO modulator 91 is changed to output linearly polarized light perpendicular to the paper surface, and the hologram disc 5 is irradiated with only the reference light 22. At this time, diffracted light from the hologram that has just been recorded is incident on the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 as reproduction signal light 21. Further, the applied voltage of the EO modulator 91 is changed to block the signal light 25, and the photocharge stored in each cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 is reset by discharging. Next, after the hologram is reproduced for a certain period of time, the amount of charge accumulated by photoelectric conversion is read out from the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6. The data recorded in the hologram by the above-described program is read immediately after recording, thereby realizing a high-speed verification operation.

Furthermore, the diffraction efficiency of the recorded hologram can also be monitored by the above-described method. In multiplex recording of holograms, it is extremely important to monitor the diffraction efficiency of each hologram in order to equally distribute the Dynamic Range (Dynamic Range) of the material to each hologram and to ensure the S/N ratio of each hologram.

Although the signal light after hologram recording is immediately blocked by the EO modulator 91 as shown in the figure, the same operation can be realized by a light blocking means provided in the optical path of the signal light for blocking the signal light, for example, a high-speed optical switch disposed in the optical path of the signal light, or a light blocking means for turning all the switches of the spatial light modulation element 2 OFF.

In the above-described method, it is preferable that the EO modulator 91 sets the power distribution ratio at the time of recording information so that the reference light and the signal light are incident on the hologram disk 5 and the hologram is recorded, and that the EO modulator 91 changes the power distribution ratio after recording information so that all the light power is distributed to the reference light and the hologram is reproduced, that is, the reproduction time immediately after recording the hologram is shorter than the hologram recording time. This has an effect of suppressing the polymerization of the monomer due to the reproduction and reducing the dynamic range of the recording material. For the same reason, it is preferable that the exposure amount in the reproduction time is smaller than the exposure amount in the recording time.

In the above-mentioned method, as in the case of using a photopolymerizable material as the hologram material, for example, it is preferable that the refractive index change occurs after a certain time after exposure or the refractive index change ends after a certain time after exposure, and the verification operation is performed after a certain time after recording or the diffraction efficiency is monitored. This has the effect of enabling more accurate verification operation and monitoring diffraction efficiency.

In the above description, the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the shift multiplexing method using the spherical wave as the reference light has been described, but the same effects as those described above can be obtained by the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the other multiplexing method. For example, the above-described effects can be obtained similarly in the shift multiplexing system using the reference light that generates the speckle pattern. In these shift multiplexing systems, different holograms are recorded at different places, but when the verification operation and the monitoring operation of the diffraction efficiency are performed as described above, it is preferable that the relative positional relationship between the optical head and the hologram disc is maintained so as not to substantially change from the start of hologram recording to the end of the verification operation or the monitoring of the diffraction efficiency, that is, after information recording by the shift multiplexing system, the EO modulator 91 changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light and the hologram is reproduced, and that the relative positional relationship between the reference light and the recording medium is maintained so that the change does not exceed a predetermined distance.

For example, it is preferable to keep the change in the relative positional relationship at 1/5 or less of the recorded fringe period, and when the fringe period is 0.5 μm, the relative positional relationship can be kept so that the change is not about 0.1 μm or more. In these cases, there is an effect of preventing the contrast of the recorded interference fringes from being lowered due to the deviation of the relative positional relationship.

In order to satisfy the above-described conditions, the hologram disk 5 is stopped when recording each hologram, the verification operation and the monitoring of the diffraction efficiency are completed while the hologram disk 5 is stopped, and the adjacent hologram is recorded after the disk is moved by a certain distance. Alternatively, a method of recording and verifying by short pulse light while moving the hologram disk 5 at a constant speed may be used. For example, when a hologram having an average interference fringe period of 0.5 μm is recorded while moving the hologram disk at 30 mm/sec, it is only necessary to perform about 5 μ s from the start of recording the hologram to the end of the verification operation.

Further, the above-described verification method is more effective when performed in a holographic optical information recording/reproducing device of a multiplex system in which a plurality of holograms are recorded in the same place, like the angle multiplex system. This has an effect that it is not necessary to move the hologram disk during recording of a plurality of holograms, and it is possible to reduce the limitation on the pulse amplitude of the light source or the time until the verification operation is completed like the shift multiplexing method.

Further, the diffraction efficiency is monitored after recording, that is, the diffraction efficiency of the recorded hologram is detected while the EO modulator 91 changes the power distribution ratio after information recording and distributes all the optical power to the reference light, and the following effects are also obtained. The hologram recording material may be exposed to high temperature for a long time or irradiated with ambient light, and thus a polymerization reaction of the monomer may be accelerated before recording, and the residual monomer may be reduced. At this time, the total amount of refractive index change by holographic recording is reduced. In the hologram disk having such a function degradation, if a hologram is recorded with an appropriate exposure amount of the hologram disk not having the degradation, the monomer may be exhausted during the multiple recording, and the hologram to be recorded in the latter half may not be normally recorded.

To prevent this, the following method is adopted. The first method is a method in which diffraction efficiencies from recorded holograms are monitored, recording is performed with an exposure amount at which the diffraction efficiency of each hologram indicates an appropriate value, and multiplexing of holograms is stopped until a single hologram is insufficient and sufficient diffraction efficiency is not obtained. This method has a disadvantage that the multiplexing degree becomes smaller than an appropriate value, and the capacity of the entire hologram disc is reduced, but on the other hand, since an appropriate value can be obtained as the diffraction efficiency from each hologram, and a sufficient amount of reproduced light can be obtained, there is an advantage that an appropriate transmission rate can be realized.

In the first method described above, it is possible to monitor diffraction efficiency from each hologram while recording the hologram used for data recording. In this case, since the diffraction efficiency of the data hologram itself is monitored, there is an effect that the distribution of the degree of degradation in the surface of the hologram disk is not affected. Further, before data recording, holograms may be multiply recorded in a control area other than the data recording area, and the multiplicity in the data area may be determined by monitoring the reproduction diffraction efficiency or the reproduction S/N ratio. In this case, after the degree of diffraction is determined once, the hologram recording is performed at a high speed without monitoring the diffraction efficiency.

As the method for adjusting the multiplicity, in the hologram optical information recording and reproducing device of the shift multiplex method, the multiplicity can be adjusted by changing the pitch on the disk on which the hologram is recorded, and in the hologram optical information recording and reproducing device of the angle multiplex method, the multiplicity can be adjusted by changing the pitch of the incident angle of the reference light at the time of hologram recording.

Next, the second method is a method of adjusting the exposure amount by monitoring the diffraction efficiency from the recorded holograms, and assigning the diffraction efficiency to each hologram so as to obtain a desired multiplicity. For example, when the total amount of refractive index change is reduced due to deterioration of the material, the refractive index change in each hologram is made small. This method has the advantage that an appropriate multiplex degree can be obtained and the capacity of the entire hologram disc can be secured, but has the disadvantage that the diffraction efficiency from each hologram decreases and an appropriate transfer rate cannot be achieved.

In the second method described above, as described above, it is also possible to monitor diffraction efficiency from each hologram while recording the hologram used for data recording. At this time, since the diffraction efficiency of the data hologram itself is monitored, there is an effect that the distribution of the degree of degradation in the surface of the hologram optical disk is not affected. Further, before data recording, holograms may be multiply recorded in a control area other than the data recording area, and the multiplicity in the data area may be determined by monitoring the reproduction diffraction efficiency or the reproduction S/N ratio. In this case, after the degree of diffraction is determined once, the hologram recording is performed at a high speed without monitoring the diffraction efficiency.

Secondly, the third method is a method of stopping recording when an appropriate diffraction efficiency cannot be obtained from a recorded hologram. In this case, although there is a disadvantage that data recording is impossible, there is an effect that a recording capacity and a transfer rate which are derived from the type of specification indicated on the hologram disc, the type of specification indicated on the package of the disc, or the type of specification indicated on the disc cartridge do not deviate from the actually recorded data.

Secondly, the fourth method is a method of issuing a warning or outputting a warning signal when an appropriate diffraction efficiency cannot be obtained from the recorded hologram. In this case, there is an effect that it is difficult for the recording capacity and the transfer rate, which are inferred from the kind of the specification indicated on the hologram disc, the kind of the specification indicated on the package of the disc, or the kind of the specification indicated on the cartridge, to deviate from the actually recorded data.

The methods from the first to fourth are not limited to the hologram recording, and similar methods are applicable in the conventional optical disc technology in which a mark is recorded by condensing a minute light spot in the recording film surface. For example, a method of monitoring a change in the reflectivity of a recorded mark and, when a sufficient change in the reflectivity does not occur, recording by increasing the average mark length or reproducing by decreasing the disc speed during reproduction. However, the hologram recording material has characteristics that are easily affected by temporal changes, ambient light irradiation, and the like, which are not possessed by conventional optical disc materials, and the first to fourth methods are particularly effective when applied to hologram recording.

(third embodiment)

In the case of a hologram material, if an unexposed material is left as it is, a reaction different from a chemical reaction originally performed at the time of exposure proceeds due to an ambient temperature or the like, and a problem arises that blackened scattering of the material increases. In order to prevent this, it is very useful to irradiate light onto the material of the unexposed portion to consume the unreacted material when additional recording is not performed after the recording is finished, that is, when the optical disc is closed, and this is called a fixation process.

In the first embodiment described above, when all recording is completed, all the remaining monomers are polymerized to fix the refractive index difference, and at the time of hologram fixing, light having a power density larger than that at the time of recording can be irradiated onto the hologram disk 5. For example, the monomer in the recording material has been consumed and polymerized by holographic recording at a timing, and the monomer concentration is in a low state. At this time, the interval between the monomer molecules becomes large. In this state, if the frequency of activation of the polymerization initiating material is small, the efficiency of polymerization initiation by activation of the polymerization initiating material is low, and a phenomenon occurs in which only the polymerization initiating material is consumed and the monomer cannot be sufficiently polymerized. I.e. the sensitivity tends to exhibit non-linearity. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to irradiate the hologram material with light having a high power density in the fixing step in a state where the monomer concentration is significantly reduced. In the first embodiment, in the fixing step, the light from the laser light source 1 is totally distributed to the reference light, and the spatial light modulator 2 in the optical path of the signal light does not have a light loss, so that a power density higher than that at the time of recording can be realized.

The fixing process described above is particularly important in an unsaturated region where multiple recording is performed to some extent and the region is not as severe as the most. When the material blackens in this unsaturated region, scattered light is generated during signal reproduction, resulting in a decrease in the S/N ratio. In contrast, in an unrecorded area where recording has never been performed, since signal reproduction has not been performed, there is no significant problem even if the unexposed material is blackened. Therefore, the fixing process need not be performed in the entire region, and is preferably performed only in the unsaturated region. At this time, the time required for the finalizing process can be reduced, thereby ending the recording process more quickly.

Further, in the hologram material, the viscosity of the unexposed portion is low, and if a part of the hologram disc is recorded and a part is left as it is without exposure, there is a possibility that a chemical substance in the unexposed portion diffuses to the recording portion, thereby causing adverse effects such as a change in the refractive index or volume of the recorded region or an increase in the scattering of the recorded region. When recording is performed on such a hologram material, it is preferable to fix all of the unrecorded area and the unsaturated area.

In addition, when performing multiple recording, even when multiple recording is performed at the maximum multiple level in each area of the hologram disc, unreacted materials remain. This is to ensure a certain amount of unreacted material at the end of the multiple recording and to obtain a certain sensitivity. Therefore, when the unreacted material is left for a long time, it is preferable to apply the fixing to all of the unexposed area, the unsaturated area, and the recorded area after the recording is completed when the material having a large blackening is used.

Of course, when the structure of the first embodiment is not employed, another light source for the fixing step may be prepared to achieve a power density higher than that at the time of recording. In this way, the fixing is performed at a power density higher than that at the time of recording, and thus, the monomer actually consumed can be polymerized more completely. Further, the fixing step can be completed in a shorter time.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is characterized in that a light emitting diode 40 is used as a fixation light source after hologram recording, and light from the light emitting diode 40 is condensed by an objective lens 41 to fix only an unsaturated portion. The light emitting diode 40 has a center of a light emission spectrum at a wavelength substantially the same as or slightly shorter than that of the laser light source 1 as a recording light source, and when output light is incident on the hologram material, residual monomers are polymerized with high efficiency.

The present embodiment has an effect that the S/N ratio during reproduction is not deteriorated by the fixing step because unnecessary interference fringes are not generated in the fixing step and unnecessary diffracted light is not generated during reproduction. The spectral width of the light emitting diode 40 is about 10nm or more, and interference fringes are not generated even when unnecessary reflected light or other stray light is generated on the interface of the hologram disc 5. In this way, the light source in the fixing step preferably has a wider emission spectrum than that of the light source at the time of recording. In fig. 8, the light emitting Diode 40 is used as the light source for fixing, but if the light source has an emission spectrum of 1nm or more and the center of the emission spectrum is within the sensitivity range of the hologram material, another light source may be used, for example, a Super-Luminescent Diode (Super-Luminescent Diode).

In the above description, the drawing in which the light source is fixed to irradiate from the lower surface of the hologram disk 5 is illustrated, but the light may be irradiated from the upper surface or the side surface. In particular, when the hologram is irradiated from the side surface, the light from the fixing light source travels a long distance in the hologram material, and therefore the fixing can be performed more efficiently. In this case, the fixing step time is effectively shortened. Further, it is also effective that the output of the fixation light source is small. When the hologram disk 5 is irradiated with the constant light source from the side surface, the constant light source may be brought close to the end surface of the hologram disk 5 or condensed to the end surface of the hologram disk 5 through the condensing optical system. In any case, the efficiency of light utilization is improved, the fixing time is shortened, or the output of the fixing light source is reduced.

When the laser light source 1 for recording is used for fixing, the angle of incidence to the hologram disk 5 is increased, and the action length of light and the hologram material is increased, so that the fixing process can be made efficient. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8, even when another light source having a wide spectral width is not used, for example, when a semiconductor laser is used as a light source for recording, the spectral width can be expanded by superimposing a high-frequency current on the injection current of the semiconductor laser, so that the interference can be reduced, and the spectral width of the light source in the fixing step can be similarly expanded. In this case, there is also an effect that since unnecessary interference fringes are not generated in the fixing step and unnecessary diffracted light is not generated in the reproduction, the S/N ratio in the reproduction is not deteriorated in the fixing step.

(fourth embodiment)

As described above, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, since the two-dimensional reproduction signal light beam sequence is detected by the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, it is necessary to align the reproduction signal light beam sequence and the cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6. In particular, when a hologram disc recorded in a certain hologram optical information recording and reproducing apparatus is reproduced by another hologram optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, it is necessary to strictly match the image sizes of the lenses of the two apparatuses. For example, when the cells of the reproduction signal light beam row and the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 are arranged in a square pattern of 1000 dots in the vertical direction and 1000 dots in the horizontal direction, when the difference in image size between the lens of the device for recording and the lens of the device for reproducing the recorded hologram disk is 0.1%, half of the reproduction signal light beams adjacent to each other are incident on the cells at the end of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, and accurate signal reproduction cannot be performed. This may occur not only when a hologram optical disc is reproduced by different hologram optical information recording and reproducing apparatuses as described above, but also when distortion of a lens is caused by a change in environmental temperature or a change in time, thermal expansion of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 due to a change in temperature, or the above-described combination is caused.

In view of this problem, the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to the present embodiment has a reproducing lens having an adjustable magnification, that is, an adjustable focal length, in place of the reproducing lens 4 in the configuration of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1. In this configuration, by adjusting the magnification of the reproducing lens in accordance with the entire image size of the beam train of the reproduction signal light, the positional alignment between the reproduction signal light beam and the cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array is facilitated, and accurate signal reproduction is possible. In addition, since the configuration of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1 except for the above point, the illustration and detailed description thereof are omitted.

In addition, the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment preferably includes a lens for reproduction whose magnification is adjustable, and a two-dimensional light receiving element array in which light receiving cells whose number is larger than the number of beams of the reproduction signal light beam are arranged in a range larger than the size of the reproduction signal light beam array. In this configuration, even when the entire image size of the two-dimensional reproduction signal light beam array becomes larger or smaller than the desired image size, the entire image size of the two-dimensional reproduction signal light beam array can be known by applying image processing to the output signal from the two-dimensional light receiving element array. Further, by adjusting the magnification of the reproducing lens more appropriately, the positional alignment between the reproduced signal beam and the light receiving unit of the two-dimensional light receiving element array is made easier, and accurate signal reproduction becomes possible.

In addition, it is preferable to divide the light receiving cells in the outer peripheral portion of the two-dimensional light receiving element array into regions. In this case, the error of the magnification can be recognized more accurately based on the output signal from the light receiving cell in the outer peripheral portion of the two-dimensional light receiving element array, so that more accurate magnification adjustment and more accurate signal reproduction are possible.

In addition, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment, it is preferable to provide a recording lens having an adjustable magnification, that is, an adjustable focal length, instead of the recording lens 3 in the configuration of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1. In this configuration, even when a hologram that generates a reproduced image having an appropriate size cannot be recorded due to distortion of the recording lens, the hologram that generates a reproduced image having an appropriate size can be recorded by adjusting the magnification of the recording lens.

Further, the lens for recording with adjustable magnification and the two-dimensional light receiving element array in which the light receiving cells are arranged in a range larger than the size of the reproduction signal light beam array and the number of light receiving cells larger than the number of beams of the reproduction signal light beam are arranged may be used. In this configuration, the 0 th order light which cannot be holographically diffracted among the signal light having passed through the spatial light modulator is detected by the two-dimensional light receiving element array, and the entire image size of the two-dimensional reproduction signal light beam train can be known by applying image processing to the output signal from the two-dimensional light receiving element array. Further, by adjusting the magnification of the reproducing lens more appropriately, the positional alignment between the reproduced signal beam and the light receiving unit of the two-dimensional light receiving element array is made easier, and accurate signal reproduction becomes possible. In this case, the error of the magnification can be recognized more accurately based on the output signal from the light receiving cell in the outer peripheral portion of the two-dimensional light receiving element array, so that more accurate magnification adjustment and more accurate signal reproduction are possible.

In the configuration of the present embodiment, it is preferable that the recording lens and the reproducing lens have substantially equal distortion aberrations. In a holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, a recording lens and a reproducing lens are so-called fourier transform lenses in which an incident angle θ and a focal length f with respect to a beam are used, and an image height h is expressed by a relationship of h to f × sin θ. In this case, a reproduction signal light spot sequence free from distortion aberration is obtained, and all reproduction signal light spots are arranged in a square at the same interval. On the other hand, when there is distortion aberration in the reproducing lens or the recording lens, the reproduction signal light spot interval differs between the vicinity of the center image and the vicinity of the boundary image, and the positions of the light receiving cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array and the reproduction signal light spot row do not match, resulting in deterioration of the quality of the reproduction signal.

In contrast, according to the above configuration, since the reproducing lens and the recording lens have substantially equal distortion aberrations, the influence of the aberrations during recording and reproducing cancel each other out. As a result, since the hologram recorded by the spatial light modulator with the equal pitch is reproduced to obtain the reproduced signal light spot row with the equal pitch, the reproduced signal light spot row can be detected in the two-dimensional light receiving element array with the equal pitch, and a reproduced signal with high quality can be obtained.

Further, if the fourier transform lens is strictly designed, it is necessary to use a plurality of lenses to reduce distortion aberration, which causes problems of high cost, heavy weight, and large size of the lenses. In contrast, in the configuration using a lens having substantially equal distortion aberration between the recording lens and the reproducing lens, as described above, since flexibility is provided in lens design, the number of constituent lenses is reduced, the lens cost is reduced, and the lens is lightweight and small in size.

Further, in the case of a configuration in which the recording lens and the reproducing lens have barrel-type distortion aberration, the number of constituent lenses is further reduced, the lens price is further reduced, the weight is further reduced, and the size is further reduced, because the lens design is more flexible than the configuration having the pincushion-type distortion aberration.

Further, the field curvature of the recording lens and the reproducing lens is small, and is preferably, for example, not more than the depth of focus. When the field curvature is large, the focal position of the reproduction signal light spot varies depending on the position on the two-dimensional light receiving element array, and the inter-symbol interference increases as the light spot size increases. For example, when the wavelength of the laser light source is 532.1nm, the cell size of the spatial light modulator is 15 μm, and the focal length of the recording and reproducing lens is 20mm, the focal depth is about 0.1mm, and the field curvature is preferably 0.1mm or less.

Further, it is more preferable that the field curvatures of the recording lens and the reproducing lens are not more than 1/2 of the focal depth, respectively. In general, as described above, the field curvature may be defined to be equal to or less than the focal depth, but in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device, when the recording lens and the reproducing lens have field curvatures at the same time, the influences thereof are added up, and therefore, it is preferable to make the field curvatures of the respective lenses smaller. Further, by defining the field curvatures of the recording lens and the reproducing lens to be 1/2 or less, respectively, which are the focal depths thereof, it is possible to produce both lenses with the same design, and thus, there is an effect that the components can be used in common and the cost can be reduced.

As described above, by defining the focal lengths of the recording lens and the reproducing lens and the cell size of the spatial light modulator so that the focal depth is not more than 1/2, which is defined by the wavelength of the laser light source, it is possible to prevent the focus blur during signal reproduction. The structures of the recording lens, the reproducing lens, and the spatial light modulator may be implemented individually.

(fifth embodiment)

Fig. 9 is a schematic optical configuration diagram of a two-dimensional light-receiving element array used in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is characterized in that the dimensions of the light receiving portion 62 of each cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 (the longitudinal length and the lateral length of the light receiving portion 62) are smaller than the cell pitch CP (the longitudinal length and the lateral length of the light receiving cell 61). The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1 except for the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 shown in fig. 9, and thus, the illustration and detailed description thereof are omitted.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining how the two-dimensional light receiving element array shown in fig. 9 receives light from a reproduction signal light spot. While the reproduction signal spot 65 is indicated by a circle in fig. 9, the actual reproduction signal spot is shown in fig. 10, and the light intensity distribution of the reproduction signal spot is indicated by the distribution indicated by a curve I1 of the solid line in the figure. Fig. 10 shows a case where the positions of the reproduction signal light spot rows and the positions of the cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 completely match each other, and the light intensity distribution of the reproduction signal light spots is maximized at the center of the light receiving portion 62 of the corresponding two-dimensional light receiving element array 6.

As shown in fig. 10, the light intensity distribution of the reproduction signal light spot has a constant width, which is mainly caused by diffraction of the hologram size, and there is diffraction of the hologram size described above because the size of the hologram to be recorded is limited. The hologram has a square or rectangular shape, and when the reproduction signal light is diffracted from each part in the hologram with equal diffraction efficiency, the light intensity distribution of the light spot of the figure is expressed as a function of the square of the Sinc function. The width of the light intensity distribution at this time depends on the size of the hologram, and by appropriately selecting the size of the hologram, as shown in the figure, the positions of the first zero point (first null) and the second zero point (second null) of the light intensity distribution can be made to coincide exactly on the light receiving portion 62 of the adjacent light receiving cell 61.

The output signal of the light receiving unit 61 is a value proportional to a value obtained by integrating the light intensity distribution on the light receiving portion 62. As shown by the dashed-dotted and dashed-dotted curves I2 and I3 in fig. 10, a part of the adjacent light spot in the ON state is incident ON the light receiving portion 62, and the light intensity of the reproduced signal light from the cell is changed. This phenomenon is similar to the intersymbol interference generated when diffracted light from adjacent pits is incident on a light receiving element of a conventional optical disc. In the conventional optical disc reproducing apparatus, the influence of the inter-symbol interference can be reduced by passing the reproduced signal through an appropriate FIR filter in consideration of the inter-symbol interference.

On the other hand, inter-symbol interference in holographic optical information recording is characterized in that light from adjacent light spots and reproduction signal light interfere with each other while being coherent. When light from adjacent light spots and reproduction signal light interfere coherently, the magnitude of inter-symbol interference does not remain linear. That is, in the reproduced signal of a certain cell, the magnitude of interference between symbols mixed from respective adjacent spots differs according to the difference in the number of adjacent ON cells. In addition, the size of interference between symbols mixed from adjacent spots is different in a certain cell depending ON whether the cell is in the ON state or the OFF state. For this reason, it is not possible to effectively reduce the inter-symbol interference with the FIR filter as used in the conventional optical disc reproducing apparatus. For the above reasons, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device, the light from the adjacent light spot mixed into the light receiving cell 61 is reduced by an optical means, and the inter-symbol interference can be reduced more effectively.

For this reason, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment, the size of the light receiving portion 62 of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 (PW shown in fig. 10) is smaller than the cell pitch CP. As shown in fig. 10, in the central portion of the light receiving portion 62, the intensity of light from the adjacent light spot is small, and in the region of the end portion of the light receiving portion 62, the intensity of light from the adjacent light spot becomes large, and since the light receiving portion 62 is small, the mixing of light from the adjacent light spot can be effectively reduced.

In order to further reduce the magnitude of the inter-symbol interference, it is preferable to superimpose a pseudo random diffuser on the spatial light modulator 2. The pseudo random diffuser is an element that gives the signal light spots of the cells adjacent to each other a phase shift of pi/2, and even when the reproduced signal light spot of an arbitrary cell interferes with the reproduced signal light of an adjacent cell mixed in, the light intensity distribution at the light receiving portion 62 is represented by the sum of the light intensities of the respective light spots. For this reason, an FIR filter can be used to effectively reduce the influence of inter-symbol interference.

Even when an analog random diffuser plate is used, if there are a plurality of adjacent light spots in the ON state, the phase difference between the light beams mixed from these light spots is not pi/2, and nonlinear inter-symbol interference remains. This nonlinear inter-symbol interference is generated by interference between the light intensity of the light spot of the right adjacent cell of the center cell and the light intensity of the light spot of the left adjacent cell in the example of fig. 10. I.e., by interference of the dashed curve I2 and the dashed curve I3 in fig. 10.

Both the distribution indicated by the broken line I2 and the distribution indicated by the dashed-dotted line I3 have light intensities that are small in the central portion of the light receiving portion 62 and large in the peripheral portion, and therefore, as described above, the light intensity is localized in the peripheral portion of the light receiving portion 62, compared to the nonlinear inter-symbol interference due to interference between the reproduced signal spot having the maximum light intensity in the central portion of the light receiving portion 62 and the mixed light from the adjacent spot having the maximum light intensity in the peripheral portion of the light receiving portion 62 when no pseudo-random diffuser plate is used. Therefore, when the method using the pseudo random diffuser plate and the method using the small light receiving portion 62 are combined, the influence of inter-symbol interference can be reduced more effectively than the case where both methods are used alone.

As is clear from numerical calculation based on the fast fourier transform, when the size of the light receiving portion 62 is set to 0.94 times or less the pitch of the light receiving cells 61 in the case of using the analog random diffuser, the S/N ratio of inter-symbol interference can be set to 10dB or more, and accurate signal reproduction with a bit error rate of 1/10000 or less after passing through the FIR filter becomes possible. Further, it is also found that when the size of the light receiving section 62 is set to 0.6 times the pitch of the light receiving cells 61 without using the analog random diffuser, the S/N ratio of inter-symbol interference can be made 10dB or more, and accurate signal reproduction with a bit error rate of 1/10000 or less after passing through the FIR filter becomes possible.

In addition, when the light receiving portion 62 is reduced, there is an effect that it is possible to reproduce a signal correctly by reducing the inter-symbol interference as described above, but on the contrary, the amount of received light is reduced, and the electrical noise is relatively increased, thereby deteriorating the S/N ratio. For this reason, it is necessary to make the size of the light receiving portion 62 as large as possible within a range in which the inter-symbol interference is sufficiently reduced. It follows that it is most preferable to set the appropriate range of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of the light receiving section 62 to be in the range of 0.6 times or more and 0.94 times or less of the longitudinal and lateral pitches of the light receiving unit 61.

(sixth embodiment)

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a schematic optical configuration of a spatial light modulation element using a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is characterized in that the size of the light transmitting portion 72 of each cell of the spatial light modulation element 2 is smaller than the cell pitch CP. The hologram optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the hologram optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1 except for the spatial light modulation element 2 shown in fig. 11, and thus, its illustration and detailed description are omitted.

In the above configuration, since the shape of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram of the hologram optical disc 5 is widened, the widening of each reproduction signal light spot on the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 is reduced. This phenomenon can be calculated by obtaining a parabola of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram by fourier transforming the aperture shape of each cell of the spatial light modulator 2, and further obtaining the light intensity distribution of the reproduction signal light spot on the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 by inverse fourier transforming the parabola of the light intensity distribution of the signal light. When the optical system including the recording lens 3 and the reproducing lens 4 is regarded as a 4f imaging system, there may be a description that the image size is reduced by reducing the object size. Due to this phenomenon, by reducing the size of each cell 71 of the spatial light modulator 2, the intensity of light mixed into an adjacent cell can be reduced, and the inter-symbol interference can be reduced. As a result, accurate signal reproduction becomes possible.

Fig. 12 schematically shows a case of a parabola of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram when the spatial light modulator having an aperture smaller than the above-described cell pitch is used. A parabola I5 shown by a dotted line indicates a parabola of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram when the spatial light modulator having a rectangular aperture as the light transmitting portion 72 in each cell is used, and a parabola I4 shown by a solid line indicates a parabola of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram when the spatial light modulator having a smaller rectangular aperture as the light transmitting portion 72 in each cell is used. As can be seen from fig. 12, when the aperture diameter is reduced, the width of the light intensity distribution on the hologram surface becomes large, and an effect of reducing the inter-symbol interference can be expected.

The above-described effect in the case of a rectangular aperture is calculated by numerical calculation based on fast fourier transform. As a result of calculation while changing the conditions such as the presence/absence of the pseudo random diffusion plate, it was found that when the size of the light transmitting portion 72 was set to 0.92 times or less and 0.55 times or more the cell pitch, the S/N ratio of inter-symbol interference could be set to 10dB or more, and accurate signal reproduction with a bit error rate of 1/10000 or less after passing through the FIR filter was possible.

In addition, when the light transmission portion 72 is reduced, as described above, there is an effect that interference between symbols is reduced and accurate signal reproduction is possible, but on the contrary, the amount of transmitted light of the spatial light modulator 2 is reduced, and the light use efficiency is reduced. For this reason, the size of the light transmitting portion 72 needs to be increased as much as possible within a range in which the inter-symbol interference is sufficiently reduced. It follows that it is most preferable to set the reasonable range of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of the light transmitting portion 72 to be in the range of 0.55 times or more and 0.92 times or less of the cell pitch in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the spatial light modulator.

Further, the same effects as described above can be obtained by making the shape of the light transmitting portion 72, which is the aperture of each cell 71 of the spatial light modulator, circular as shown in fig. 13. At this time, the parabolic shape of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram is expressed by the square of the bezier function, and becomes a parabola I6 as shown in fig. 12. On the other hand, when the aperture of the cell 71 has a rectangular shape having the same maximum amplitude, the parabolic shape of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram is expressed by the square of the Sinc function, and becomes a parabola I4 as shown in fig. 12. When these bezier functions and Sinc functions are compared, the degree of broadening of the bezier functions is larger than the degree of broadening of the Sinc functions, and therefore, when the aperture shape of each cell 71 of the spatial light modulator is a circular shape, the light intensity distribution on the hologram surface becomes large, and an effect of reducing inter-symbol interference can be expected.

Further, the same effect can be achieved by providing a convex portion 78 protruding inward in a part of the light transmitting portion 72 of the aperture of each cell 71 as the spatial light modulator, as shown in fig. 14. In this case, the parabolic shape of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram surface is made wider than when the aperture shape is circular. On the other hand, when a transmissive liquid crystal cell using a TN liquid crystal cell is used as a spatial light modulator, for example, the aperture can be efficiently restricted by disposing a circuit portion such as a thin film transistor for driving the liquid crystal cell in a portion of the aperture which is convex inward and 78.

Further, as shown in fig. 15, the same effect as described above can be obtained by providing the light transmitting portion 72, which is the aperture of each cell 71 of the spatial light modulator, in a shape in which the corner portion of the substantially rectangular aperture portion is partially cut by the cut portion 79.

As shown in fig. 16, similar effects can be obtained also by employing a configuration in which a microlens array 75 is provided in proximity to a spatial light modulator so as to correspond to each cell 71 of the spatial light modulator having 2 glass substrates 73 and 74 (which should be "73") and a liquid crystal layer 74 enclosed therebetween, and the beams passing through each cell 71 are condensed. In this case, the effect of reducing the inter-symbol interference is combined with the effect of improving the light use efficiency.

In the present embodiment, although the transmissive spatial light modulator is used, the present invention is not limited to this example, and a so-called LCOS device having a structure in which a reflective film is formed on a silicon substrate and a liquid crystal element is mounted, a so-called DLP device having an optical switch array for controlling the direction of reflected light by vibrating a microlens, and other optical switch arrays having any other structures may be used.

(seventh embodiment)

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a light intensity distribution of signal light in an aperture in the vicinity of a hologram surface in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a calculation result of the light intensity distribution of the reproduction signal light spot on the surface of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 when the light blocking member having the aperture is provided near the hologram surface. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to the present embodiment is basically the same as the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1 except that a light shielding member having an aperture is provided in the vicinity of the hologram surface, and therefore, the illustration and detailed description thereof are omitted.

As shown in fig. 17, when the light shielding member O1 having an aperture of 0.5 times the size of the 0-th order light component of diffracted light from the aperture of the spatial light modulation element 2 and the light shielding member O2 having an aperture of 0.75 times the size are provided in the vicinity of the hologram surface as shown by the solid line I7 in the parabola of the light intensity distribution of the signal light on the hologram when the spatial light modulation element 2 having a rectangular aperture is used, the light intensity distribution of the reproduced signal light spot is as shown in fig. 18.

First, when there is no aberration in the reproducing lens 4 and the light shielding member O1 having an aperture having the same size as the 0 th order light component of the diffracted light from the aperture of the spatial light modulator 2 is provided in the vicinity of the hologram surface, as shown by the solid line I8 in fig. 18, it can be seen that the first zero point of the light intensity distribution of the reproduction signal light spot is almost positioned on the adjacent light receiving portions 62 of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, and the inter-symbol interference is reduced.

When the reproducing lens 4 has aberration and the light shielding member O1 having an aperture having the same size as the 0 th order light component of the diffracted light from the aperture of the spatial light modulator 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the hologram surface, as shown by a broken line I9 in fig. 18, it can be seen that the Side Lobe (Side Lobe) of the light intensity distribution of the reproduced signal light spot is almost positioned on the adjacent light receiving portion 62 of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, and the inter-symbol interference becomes large.

When the reproducing lens 4 has aberration and the light shielding member O2 having an aperture of 0.75 times the size of the 0-th light component of the diffracted light from the aperture of the spatial light modulator 2 is provided in the vicinity of the hologram surface, as shown by the dashed line I10 in fig. 18, it can be seen that the side lobe of the intensity distribution of the reproduced signal light spot is almost positioned on the adjacent light receiving portions 62 of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, and the inter-symbol interference becomes large.

Although not shown, it is understood that when the reproducing lens 4 has larger aberration and the light blocking member O1 having an aperture of 0.5 times the size of the 0 th order light component of the diffracted light from the aperture of the spatial light modulator 2 is provided in the vicinity of the hologram surface, the first zero point position of the intensity distribution of the reproduction signal light spot is located at a position away from the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6. At this time, by providing the light shielding member having an aperture of a larger size in the vicinity of the hologram surface, the position of the first zero point can be made almost just above the adjacent light receiving portion 62 of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6.

As described above, in the case of configuring the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device, in consideration of the aberration between the reproducing lens and the recording lens and the problem of the focal length of the reproducing lens, the size of the aperture provided in the vicinity of the hologram surface is preferably set to 0.55 times or more and 0.9 times or less, and more preferably 0.55 times or more and 0.75 times or less, of the size of the 0 th-order light component (Main Lobe) of the 0 th-order diffracted light) of the diffracted light from the aperture of the spatial light modulation element 2. In this case, the interference between symbols is small, and a signal with high signal quality can be reproduced.

(eighth embodiment)

Fig. 19 is a schematic front view configuration diagram of a two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 used in a holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the pitch of the light spots of the reproduced signal light spot row is larger than the pitch CP of the light receiving cells 61 of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 and is 2 times or less the pitch CP. The configuration of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment is the same as that of the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device shown in fig. 1 except for the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 shown in fig. 19, and thus, the illustration and detailed description thereof are omitted.

When the sampling frequency is smaller than the bandwidth (bandwidth) of the original signal, a part of the original signal is lost, and thus correct signal restoration is impossible. In a conventional holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, a reproduction signal light spot row and cells of a two-dimensional light receiving element array are set to have the same pitch, and one reproduction signal light spot is made to correspond to one cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array, so that each reproduction signal light spot and each cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array are made to correspond one-to-one.

However, in an actual holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, the pitch of the reproduced signal light spot may be larger than the cell pitch of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 in all or a part of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 due to aberration of a lens, distortion of the lens due to a change in ambient temperature, thermal expansion of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 due to a change in ambient temperature, or the like. At that time, proper signal reproduction becomes difficult. Further, in order to make the positions of the cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 completely coincide with the positions of a plurality of reproduction signal light pit rows (which should be reproduction signal light spot rows), a multi-axis servo operation is required, and the positions of two axes in the plane of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, the position of the focal direction, the oscillation direction of the two axes, and the in-plane rotation direction are adjusted with respect to the reproduction signal light spot rows, which has a disadvantage that the system scale becomes large.

Further, in the configuration in which the plurality of light receiving cells are associated with each of the reproduction signal light spots, the multi-axis precise servo operation as described above is not necessary, but in this configuration, the number of light receiving cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 increases, and the cost of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 increases. In addition, there is a disadvantage that the scale of the signal processing circuit at the later stage becomes large because a large amount of data is generated.

In order to overcome these problems, in the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present embodiment, the pitch of the light spots of the reproduced signal light spot row is set to be 2 times or less larger than the cell pitch of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6. In this case, by applying appropriate filtering to the output signal from the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, it is possible to accurately reproduce the original signal and to restrict an increase in the number of cells of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 in a simple system that does not require detailed multi-axis servo control of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6.

In addition, when the pitch of the light spots of the reproduction signal light spot row is an approximate value of the cell pitch of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, particularly when the reproduction signal has a low S/N ratio due to inter-symbol interference, noise of stray light, electrical noise, or the like, accurate signal reproduction cannot be performed. Therefore, in addition to the configuration in which the pitch of the light spots of the reproduced signal light spot row is larger than the cell pitch of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 by a factor of 2 or less, it is preferable to add the following configuration.

That is, by using a configuration in which the size of the light receiving portion 62 of each cell of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6 is smaller than the cell pitch, a configuration in which the size of the light transmitting portion 72 of each cell of the spatial light modulator 2 is smaller than the cell pitch, a configuration in which an analog random diffuser plate is superimposed on the spatial light modulator 2, or a combination of these configurations, the degree of inter-symbol interference included in the reproduced signal light spot row can be reduced, and accurate signal reproduction becomes possible.

Further, there has been proposed an encoding method in which the probability that reproduction signal spots in an ON state are adjacent to each other is low. For example, there is a coding method in which only one cell is turned ON and 2 bits are represented by 4 cells out of a total of 4 cells each having 2 cells in the vertical and horizontal directions, and this method is well known to those skilled in the art. At this time, the probability that any cell is ON is 1/4, and the probability that a cell that is ON is adjacent to a cell that is ON is low compared to random coding in which all cells are ON or OFF. By combining the encoding method in which the probability that adjacent cells are turned ON together is low and the configuration in which the pitch of the light spots of the reproduced signal light spot row is 2 times or less larger than the cell pitch of the two-dimensional light receiving element array 6, it is possible to realize a hologram optical information recording and reproducing apparatus capable of accurately reproducing signals without requiring a complicated servo function.

In all the embodiments described above, the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device having the configuration in which the reproduced signal light is extracted from the side opposite to the incident direction of the signal light with respect to the holographic disk has been described, but the present invention can be applied to the configuration in which the reflective layer is provided on a part of the holographic disk and both recording and reproduction are performed from the same side of the holographic disk as described above.

In the above-described embodiment, the holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the shift multiplexing method using the spherical reference wave as shown in fig. 1 has been described, but the present invention can be applied to other multiplexing methods such as a wavelength multiplexing method, an angle multiplexing method, a rotation (peristropic) multiplexing method, a shift multiplexing method using a reference wave having a speckle pattern, a phase encoding multiplexing method, and the like as described above.

In the above-described embodiments, the description has been given of the case where the signal beam and the reference beam are irradiated onto the hologram disc through different lenses, but the present invention can be applied to the case where the signal beam and the reference beam are irradiated onto the hologram disc through the same lens as described above.

In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the hologram recording medium is a circular disk and a plurality of holograms are recorded by rotating the hologram optical disk has been described, but the present invention can be applied to a configuration in which the hologram recording medium is a hologram recording medium having another shape such as a square shape, or a hologram recording medium having a three-dimensional shape such as a substantially cubic shape or a substantially cylindrical shape, instead of a disk shape, or another moving method in which a plurality of holograms are recorded while moving the hologram recording medium two-dimensionally in the XY plane, similarly to the above.

In the above-described embodiments, the description has been given of the configuration using the two-dimensional spatial light modulator and the two-dimensional light receiving element array as the spatial light modulator and the light receiving element array, but the present invention is also applicable to the configuration using the one-dimensional spatial light modulator such as GLV or the one-dimensional light receiving element array such as a CCD line sensor, similarly to the above.

As described above, the holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one light beam split by the beam splitting means is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and the other light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes a reference light, and the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, and the interference fringe is recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, and at the time of information reproduction, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, and diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, wherein the power of the reference light in the recording medium at the time of information reproduction is larger than the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium at the time of information recording And (4) summing.

In this holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus, since the power of the reference light in the recording medium at the time of information reproduction is made larger than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium at the time of information recording, it is possible to improve the quality of the reproduced signal and reproduce the signal at a high transmission rate.

The power of the reference light in the recording medium during information reproduction is preferably 2 times greater than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium during information recording.

In this case, the signal can be reproduced at a higher transmission rate while the quality of the reproduced signal is further improved.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus preferably further includes a variable unit for changing a power distribution ratio of the reference light and the signal light divided by the beam dividing unit.

In this case, the power distribution ratio of the reference light to the signal light can be arbitrarily changed at the time of information recording and the time of information reproduction.

Preferably, the variable unit changes the power distribution ratio according to the recording medium.

In this case, the reference light and the signal light can be irradiated under the optimum exposure conditions for each recording medium at the time of recording.

It is preferable that the variable means changes the power distribution ratio in accordance with an incident angle of the reference light.

In this case, holograms can be recorded by fixing the power distribution ratio of the reference light to the signal light in the recording medium regardless of the incident angle of the reference light, and the light intensity of the reproduced signal light from each hologram can be fixed.

Preferably, the variable section changes the power allocation ratio in accordance with an encoding system of information recorded in the recording medium.

In this case, the reference light and the signal light can be irradiated under conditions suitable for each encoding system.

Preferably, the beam splitting means comprises a polarizing beam splitter.

In this case, the light from the coherent light source can be divided into the reference light and the signal light with a simple configuration.

The beam splitting means preferably distributes all the optical power to the reference light during information reproduction.

In this case, it is possible to reduce deterioration of the S/N ratio caused by overlapping of a small amount of leakage light propagating through the optical path of the signal light and the reproduced signal light.

After the hologram is recorded on the recording medium, it is preferable that only the signal light is blocked, diffracted light from the recorded hologram is received by the light receiving element, and information recorded in the hologram is verified.

In this case, the information recorded on the hologram can be read immediately after recording, and high-speed verification operation can be realized.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus preferably further comprises a variable section for setting the power distribution ratio at the time of information recording, causing the reference light and the signal light to be incident on the recording medium, and changing the power distribution ratio after information recording to distribute all the optical power to the reference light.

In this case, it is possible to read out data recorded in the hologram immediately after recording and perform a high-speed verification operation, or to monitor the diffraction efficiency of the recorded hologram.

Preferably, the variable unit comprises an EO modulator.

In this case, the power distribution ratio of the signal light and the reference light can be controlled at high speed.

The light receiving element preferably discharges the accumulated photocharge once when the variable means changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light.

At this time, since unnecessary photocharge stored in the light receiving element can be discharged temporarily, the reproduced signal light can be detected accurately.

The variable section preferably sets the power distribution ratio at the time of recording information so that the reference light and the signal light are incident on the recording medium to record a hologram, and the variable section preferably changes the power distribution ratio after recording information so that all the light power is distributed to the reference light to reproduce the hologram.

In this case, the polymerization of the monomer in the recording medium due to the reproduction can be suppressed, and the dynamic range of the recording material can be reduced.

In the period in which the variable section changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light after information recording by the shift multiplexing method and holograms are reproduced, it is preferable that the relative positional relationship between the reference light and the recording medium is maintained so that the variation does not exceed a predetermined distance.

In this case, it is possible to prevent the contrast of the interference fringes from being reduced due to the deviation of the relative positional relationship between the reference light and the recording medium.

It is preferable that the variable section changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light after information recording, and that the diffraction efficiency of the recorded hologram is detected.

In this case, since a method of monitoring the diffraction efficiency from the hologram already recorded, recording with an exposure amount at which the diffraction efficiency of each hologram shows an appropriate value, and stopping multiplexing of the holograms until the single body is insufficient to obtain a sufficient diffraction efficiency can be employed, it is possible to prevent the single body from being exhausted during multiplexing recording and the hologram recorded in the latter half cannot be normally recorded.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device preferably further includes a light shielding means disposed in an optical path of the signal light for shielding the signal light.

In this case, it is possible to avoid deterioration of the S/N ratio due to overlapping of a small amount of missing light propagating through the optical path of the signal light with the reproduced signal light.

After recording a hologram on the recording medium, it is preferable that the recording material of the recording medium is irradiated with light from the coherent light source at a position on the recording medium which is basically limited by a position where a hologram is recorded and the multiplex recording is not saturated, so that the recording material of the recording medium is completely exposed to saturation.

In this case, since the fixing process is performed at a position basically defined by a place where the hologram is recorded and the multiple recording is not saturated, the time required for the fixing process can be reduced, and the recording process can be ended more quickly.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus preferably further comprises a fixed light source for irradiating light onto a position on the recording medium, which is basically defined by a position where a hologram is recorded and multiple recording is not saturated, after the hologram is recorded on the recording medium, so that the recording material of the recording medium is completely exposed to saturation.

In this case, since the fixing can be performed at a power density higher than that at the time of recording by using the fixing light source, the monomer can be polymerized more completely, and the fixing step can be completed in a shorter time.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device preferably further includes a reproducing lens for guiding diffracted light from the recording medium to the light receiving element as a reproduction signal, wherein a focal length of the reproducing lens is variable.

In this case, by adjusting the magnification of the reproducing lens in accordance with the entire image size of the beam train of the reproduced signal light, the alignment between the respective beam spots of the reproduced signal light and the respective light receiving cells of the light receiving element is facilitated, and accurate signal reproduction is possible.

The number of light receiving cells of the light receiving element is preferably larger than the number of beams of the reproduced signal light, and the light receiving cells of the light receiving element are preferably arranged in a range larger than the size of the beam train of the reproduced signal light.

In this case, even when the entire image size of the beam train of the reproduced signal light becomes larger or smaller than the desired image size, the entire image size of the beam train of the reproduced signal light can be known by applying image processing to the output signal from the light receiving element, and the alignment of the respective beam spots of the reproduced signal light and the respective light receiving cells of the light receiving element becomes easier, so that accurate signal reproduction becomes possible.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device preferably further includes a recording lens for guiding the light from the spatial light modulator to the recording medium, wherein a focal length of the recording lens is variable.

In this case, even when a hologram that produces a reproduced image of an appropriate size cannot be recorded due to distortion of the recording lens, the hologram that produces a reproduced image of an appropriate size can be recorded by adjusting the magnification of the recording lens.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device preferably further includes a recording lens for guiding light from the spatial light modulation element to the recording medium, and a reproducing lens for guiding diffracted light from the recording medium as a reproduction signal to the light receiving element, wherein the recording lens and the reproducing lens have substantially equal distortion aberration.

In this case, since the design of the lens is flexible, the number of lenses to be configured can be reduced, the price of the lens can be reduced, and the weight and size of the lens can be reduced.

The length of the light receiving portion of each light receiving cell of the light receiving element is preferably 60% to 94% of the pitch of the light receiving cells of the light receiving element.

In this case, the mixing of light from adjacent spots can be effectively reduced, and the deterioration of the S/N ratio can be suppressed by preventing the decrease in the amount of received light.

The length of the transmission portion of each cell of the spatial light modulator is preferably 55% to 92% of the cell pitch of the spatial light modulator.

In this case, the interference between symbols can be reduced to enable accurate signal reproduction, and the light use efficiency can be improved.

It is preferable that an aperture is provided in the vicinity of the surface of the recording medium on the side on which the beam train modulated by the spatial light modulator enters, and the size of the aperture is adjusted so that light in the range of 0.55 to 0.9 times the main lobe of 0 th-order diffracted light diffracted when the signal light passes through each cell of the spatial light modulator passes through the aperture.

In this case, the interference between symbols is small, and a signal with high signal quality can be reproduced.

It is preferable that the pitch of the light receiving cells of the light receiving element is smaller than the pitch of the light dot rows of the diffracted light on the light receiving element and larger than 1/2.

In this case, by applying appropriate filtering to the output signal from the light receiving element, it is not necessary to perform fine multi-axis servo control on the light receiving element, and thus the original signal can be accurately reproduced while simplifying the configuration of the apparatus, and an increase in the number of light receiving cells of the light receiving element can be suppressed.

The present invention also provides a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, comprising a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element at the time of information recording into an arrayed beam train which becomes a signal light and the other light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to generate an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, and a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, diffracted light generated in the recording medium being detected by a light receiving element, wherein the power of the reference light in the recording medium during information reproduction is greater than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium during information recording.

In the hologram optical recording information reproducing method, the power of the reference light in the recording medium at the time of information reproduction is made larger than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium at the time of information recording, and therefore, it is possible to improve the quality of a reproduced signal and reproduce a signal at a high transmission rate.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one light beam split by the beam splitting unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to become an aligned beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and the other light beam split by the beam splitting unit becomes a reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to generate an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe is recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, at the time of information reproduction, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, and a recording lens for guiding light from the spatial light modulation element to the recording medium, wherein the focal length of the recording lens is variable.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one light beam split by the beam splitting unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and the other light beam split by the beam splitting unit becomes a reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe is recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, at the time of information reproduction, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, a recording lens for guiding light from the spatial light modulation element to the recording medium, and light for guiding diffracted light from the recording medium as a reproduction signal to the light receiving element The reproducing lens of (1), wherein the recording lens and the reproducing lens have substantially equal distortion aberration.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one light beam split by the beam splitting means is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and the other light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes a reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe is recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, at the time of information reproduction, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, after the hologram is recorded in the recording medium, only the signal light is blocked, and diffracted light from the recorded hologram is received by the light receiving element, And verifying the information recorded in the hologram.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one light beam split by the beam splitting unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and the other light beam split by the beam splitting unit becomes a reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe is recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, at the time of information reproduction, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, after the hologram is recorded in the recording medium, light from the coherent light source is irradiated to the recording medium, and substantially limited to a place where the hologram is recorded and where there is no saturation in multiplex recording In this position, the recording material of the recording medium is in a state of being completely saturated and exposed.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one of the light beams divided by the beam dividing unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to become an arrayed beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and another light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to generate interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes are recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, in reproducing information, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, the pitch of the light receiving cells of the light receiving element is 1/2 smaller than the pitch of the light dot rows of the diffracted light on the light receiving element and larger than the pitch.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one of the light beams divided by the beam dividing unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to become an arrayed beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and another light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to generate interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes are recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, in reproducing information, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, the length of the light receiving portion of each light receiving cell of the light receiving element is 60% to 94% of the pitch of the light receiving cells of the light receiving element.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one of the light beams divided by the beam dividing unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to become an arrayed beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and another light beam split by the beam splitting means becomes reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to generate interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes are recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, in reproducing information, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, the length of the transmission portion of each cell of the spatial light modulator is 55% to 92% of the cell pitch of the spatial light modulator.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source, wherein, at the time of information recording, one light beam split by the beam splitting unit is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to become an aligned beam train, the beam train becomes a signal light, and the other light beam split by the beam splitting unit becomes a reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to generate an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe is recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, at the time of information reproduction, only the reference light is irradiated to the recording medium, diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element, an aperture is provided in the vicinity of the surface of the recording medium on the side on which the beam train modulated by the spatial light modulation element is incident, the aperture is adjusted to pass light in a range of 0.55 to 0.9 times the main lobe of 0 th-order diffracted light diffracted when the signal light passes through each cell of the spatial light modulator.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium (information recording) and a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, diffracted light generated in the recording medium being detected by a light receiving element (information reproduction), the information recording step includes a step of changing a focal length of a recording lens for guiding light from the spatial light modulator to the recording medium.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium (information recording) and a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, diffracted light generated in the recording medium being detected by a light receiving element (information reproduction), the information recording step includes a step of guiding light from the spatial light modulator to the recording medium using a recording lens, and the information reproducing step includes a step of guiding diffracted light from the recording medium to the light receiving element as a reproduced signal using a reproducing lens having distortion aberration substantially equal to that of the recording lens.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, and a step of detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light receiving element, and a step of, after the hologram is recorded on the recording medium, blocking only the signal light, receiving diffracted light from the recorded hologram by the light receiving element, and verifying information recorded in the hologram.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, and a step of detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light receiving element, and irradiating the recording medium with light from the coherent light source at a position substantially limited by a position where a hologram is recorded and the multiplex recording is not saturated, after the hologram is recorded on the recording medium, so that the recording material of the recording medium is in a state of being completely saturated and exposed.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, and a step of detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light receiving element, wherein the light receiving cells of the light receiving element are arranged at a pitch of 1/2 smaller than the pitch of the light spot rows of the diffracted light and larger than the pitch.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to form an interference fringe in a recording medium, the interference fringe being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, and a step of detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light receiving element, wherein the length of the light receiving portion of each light receiving unit of the light receiving element is 60% to 94% of the pitch of the light receiving unit.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting unit by a spatial light modulation element having a transmission portion of each unit having a length of 55% or more and 92% or more of a pitch of the unit at the time of information recording into an aligned beam sequence, the beam sequence being a signal light, and another light beam split by the beam splitting unit being a reference light, the signal light and the reference light crossing each other to generate interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium, and irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction, and detecting the diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light-receiving element.

Another holographic optical information recording/reproducing method according to the present invention is a holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting means for splitting light from the coherent light source, and includes a step of modulating one light beam split by the beam splitting means by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam train as a signal light and another light beam split by the beam splitting means to form a reference light at the time of information recording, a step of recording the signal light and the reference light so as to intersect each other to form interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium (information recording) and a step of irradiating only the reference light to the recording medium at the time of information reproduction and detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light receiving element (information reproduction), in the information recording step, an aperture is provided near the surface of the recording medium on the side where the beam train modulated by the spatial light modulator is incident, and the size of the aperture is adjusted so that light in the range of 0.55 to 0.9 times the main lobe of diffracted 0-th order diffracted light passes when the signal light passes through each cell of the spatial light modulator.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present invention has a feature of monitoring the diffraction efficiency of a recorded hologram to change the recording density or the reproducing speed, and is extremely useful as an external storage device of a computer, a video and audio information storage device, or the like.

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device of the present invention has a characteristic that the power ratio of the reference light to the signal light at the time of recording is 5: 1 or more, and is extremely useful as an external storage device of a computer, a video and audio information storage device, or the like.

The holography optical information recording and reproducing device of the present invention has a variable power lens, and is extremely useful as an external storage device of a computer, a video and audio information storage device, and the like.

The holography optical information recording and reproducing device of the present invention has a feature of verifying recorded data immediately after recording, and is extremely useful as an external storage device of a computer, a video/audio information storage device, or the like.

The hologram optical information recording/reproducing device of the present invention is characterized in that the hologram optical disc is irradiated with light having a power density higher than that at the time of recording in the fixing step, and the residual monomer is fixed more completely in a short time, thereby performing more stable data recording.

The holography optical information recording and reproducing device of the present invention has a two-dimensional light receiving element having a light receiving portion smaller than a cell pitch, and is extremely useful as an external storage device of a computer, a video and audio information storage device, or the like.

The holography optical information recording and reproducing device of the present invention has a spatial light modulation element having an aperture portion smaller than a cell pitch, and is extremely useful as an external storage device of a computer, an image and sound information storage device, or the like.

Industrial applicability of the invention

The holographic optical information recording and reproducing device according to the present invention has a feature that the reference light power at the time of reproduction is larger than the power incident on the holographic disk at the time of recording, and is extremely useful as an external storage device for a computer and a video/audio information storage device.

Claims

1. A holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus, comprising: a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source; wherein,

in recording information, one of the light beams divided by the beam dividing means is modulated by a spatial light modulation element to form an aligned beam array, the beam array is a signal light, and the other of the light beams divided by the beam dividing means is a reference light, and the signal light and the reference light intersect each other to form interference fringes in a recording medium, and the interference fringes are recorded as a hologram in the recording medium;

in reproducing information, only the reference light is irradiated onto the recording medium, and diffracted light generated in the recording medium is detected by a light receiving element,

the power of the reference light in the recording medium during information reproduction is greater than the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium during information recording.

2. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the power of the reference light in the recording medium during information reproduction is greater than 2 times the sum of the power of the reference light and the power of the signal light in the recording medium during information recording.

3. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a variable unit for changing a power distribution ratio of the reference light and the signal light divided by the beam dividing unit.

4. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the variable unit changes the power distribution ratio according to the recording medium.

5. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the variable unit changes the power distribution ratio according to an incident angle of the reference light.

6. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the variable unit changes the power allocation ratio according to an encoding system of information recorded in the recording medium.

7. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the beam splitting unit comprises a polarizing beam splitter.

8. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the beam splitting means distributes all the optical power to the reference light during information reproduction.

9. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: after the hologram is recorded on the recording medium, only the signal light is blocked, and diffracted light from the hologram recorded on the recording medium is received by the light receiving element, thereby verifying information recorded on the hologram.

10. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising: and a variable unit for setting a power distribution ratio at the time of information recording, causing the reference light and the signal light to be incident on the recording medium, and changing the power distribution ratio after information recording to distribute all the optical power to the reference light.

11. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein: the variable unit includes an EO modulator.

12. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein: the light receiving element discharges the accumulated photocharge once when the variable unit changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light.

13. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein: the variable section sets the power distribution ratio so that the reference light and the signal light are incident on the recording medium at the time of recording information, thereby recording a hologram, and the variable section changes the power distribution ratio so that all the light power is distributed to the reference light after recording information, thereby reproducing a hologram.

14. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein: the variable unit changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light after information recording by the shift multiplexing method, and the hologram is reproduced, and the relative positional relationship between the reference light and the recording medium is maintained so that the variation does not exceed a predetermined distance.

15. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein: after information recording, the variable unit changes the power distribution ratio so that all the optical power is distributed to the reference light, and detects the diffraction efficiency of the recorded hologram.

16. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 8 or 10, further comprising: and a light shielding unit disposed in an optical path of the signal light, for shielding the signal light.

17. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: after recording a hologram on the recording medium, the recording material of the recording medium is completely exposed to saturation by irradiating light from the coherent light source to a position on the recording medium which is basically limited by a position where a hologram is recorded and the multiple recording is not saturated.

18. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: and a constant light source for irradiating light to a position on the recording medium, which is basically limited by a position where a hologram is recorded and the multiple recording is not saturated, after the hologram is recorded on the recording medium, so that the recording material of the recording medium is in a state of complete saturation exposure.

19. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a reproducing lens for guiding diffracted light from the recording medium to the light receiving element as a reproduction signal,

the focal length of the above-mentioned lens for regeneration is variable.

20. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein:

the number of light receiving cells of the light receiving element is larger than the number of beams of the reproduced signal light;

the light receiving cells of the light receiving element are arranged in a range larger than the size of the beam train of the reproduced signal light.

21. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a recording lens for guiding the light from the spatial light modulator to the recording medium,

the focal length of the recording lens is variable.

22. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a recording lens for guiding light from the spatial light modulator to the recording medium; and

a reproducing lens for guiding diffracted light from the recording medium to the light receiving element as a reproduction signal,

the recording lens and the reproducing lens have substantially equal distortion aberrations.

23. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the light receiving portion of each light receiving cell of the light receiving element is 60% to 94% of the pitch of the light receiving cells of the light receiving element.

24. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the transmission portion of each cell of the spatial light modulator is 55% to 92% of the cell pitch of the spatial light modulator.

25. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

an aperture is provided in the vicinity of the surface of the recording medium on the side on which the beam train modulated by the spatial light modulator is incident;

the aperture is sized so that, when the signal light passes through each cell of the spatial light modulator, light in a range of 0.55 times to 0.9 times the main lobe of diffracted 0-th order diffracted light can pass therethrough.

26. The holographic optical information recording and reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the pitch of the light receiving cells of the light receiving element is 1/2 smaller than the pitch of the light dot rows of the diffracted light on the light receiving element and larger than the pitch.

27. A holographic optical information recording/reproducing method using a holographic optical information recording/reproducing apparatus including a coherent light source and a beam splitting unit for splitting light from the coherent light source, comprising:

a step of modulating one of the light beams divided by the beam dividing means by a spatial light modulator to form an aligned beam array, the beam array being a signal light, and the other of the light beams divided by the beam dividing means being a reference light, the signal light and the reference light intersecting each other to generate interference fringes in a recording medium, the interference fringes being recorded as a hologram in the recording medium;

a step of irradiating only the reference light onto the recording medium during information reproduction, and detecting diffracted light generated in the recording medium by a light-receiving element; wherein,