CN100566076C - The equalizer circuit of back-up source - Google Patents
The equalizer circuit of back-up source Download PDFInfo
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- CN100566076C CN100566076C CNB2007100698263A CN200710069826A CN100566076C CN 100566076 C CN100566076 C CN 100566076C CN B2007100698263 A CNB2007100698263 A CN B2007100698263A CN 200710069826 A CN200710069826 A CN 200710069826A CN 100566076 C CN100566076 C CN 100566076C
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Abstract
A kind of equalizer circuit of back-up source, described back-up source comprise n power supply single of mutual series connection, and described equalizer circuit comprises sample resistance Rs, input switching circuit, transformer T1 and n output rectifier and filter; Described input switching circuit links to each other with the two ends of back-up source by sample resistance Rs with the series connection back, former limit of transformer T1; The secondary of described transformer T1 is provided with n step-down output, the in full accord and close-coupled of the output voltage of each step-down output; Described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit links to each other with a step-down output, and described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and input switching circuit constitute single-ended reverse exciting; Described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is in parallel with each power supply single respectively.The present invention can prevent series electrical source monomer Voltage unbalance, can make full use of the capacity of each power supply single again, reduces simultaneously because of all pressing the loss that causes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of back-up source, mainly design storage battery or super capacitor, especially Chuan Lian batteries or super capacitor group.
Background technology
Adopt DC power supply or uninterrupted power supply in a large number in fields such as communication, electric power, finance, insurances, and these power supplys are all with batteries power supply in support, because these voltage ratios are higher, usually adopt the application mode of Battery pack series connection, usually adopt 24 joint 2V battery series connection as the communication DC power supply, DC power adopts 104 joint 2V battery series connection etc. usually.Development along with the super capacitor technology, it is used also more and more widely, and especially in Application in Electric Vehicle, yet big the withstand voltage of capacity super capacitor has only about 1.6V, for voltage request than higher application scenario, need usually tens in addition hundreds of capacitances in series use.When battery or capacitances in series, adopt a power supply to give battery or electric capacity charging usually, the charging current of each monomer all is identical with discharging current (load current).Yet the capacity of each cell or electric capacity can not be done in full accordly, characteristic variations in use also can not be in full accord, the consequence that causes like this is that the less relatively monomer of capacity its terminal voltage when charging rises soon, and when discharge, descend soon, can cause overcharging and putting even damage excessively of this monomer when serious, but and the capacity of whole Battery pack or electric capacity can't make full use of.Therefore in theory for series connected battery and electric capacity, its charging modes preferably each monomer charges to it with an independent current source power supply, but this cost from economically is very high.Usually the mode that adopts is the mode that employing and resistance are all pressed at present, as accompanying drawing 1 is the equalizer circuit of battery pack, Fig. 2 is the equalizer circuit of capacitance group, BT1, BT2 ..., BTn and C1, C2 ..., Cn is battery pack and super capacitor group, RL is load, R1, R2 ..., Rn is grading resistor; This mode be not too big to battery pack or capacitance group capacity and consistency proper when relatively good, but to Capacity Ratio the big or poor situation of consistency, voltage sharing resistance value requires smaller relatively, power consumption and heating are bigger, just need think all to press way in addition.
Summary of the invention
The big deficiency of loss poor for applicability, that cause because of equal pressures for the equalizer circuit that overcomes existing back-up source, the invention provides a kind of Voltage unbalance of can prevent to connect batteries or super capacitor group, can make full use of the capacity of batteries or super capacitor group again, reduce simultaneously because of all pressing the equalizer circuit of the back-up source of the loss that causes.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of equalizer circuit of back-up source, described back-up source comprise n power supply single of mutual series connection, and described equalizer circuit comprises sample resistance Rs, input switching circuit, transformer T1 and n output rectifier and filter; Described input switching circuit links to each other with the two ends of back-up source by sample resistance Rs with the series connection back, former limit of transformer T1; The secondary of described transformer T1 is provided with n step-down output, the in full accord and close-coupled of the output voltage of each step-down output; Described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit links to each other with a step-down output, and described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and input switching circuit constitute single-ended reverse exciting; Described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is in parallel with each power supply single respectively.
As preferred a kind of scheme: described transformer T1 secondary is provided with n secondary winding, and each secondary umber of turn is identical.The corresponding step-down output of each secondary winding.
Or: described transformer T1 is the centre cap pattern, and transformer T1 secondary is provided with n/2 secondary winding, and wherein n is an even number, and each secondary winding is provided with two step-down outputs.
Described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises diode D and capacitor C, described diode D and capacitor C series connection, and described electric capacity is in parallel with power supply single.
Described input switching circuit is switching tube Q1.
Further, described back-up source is a batteries, and described power supply single is a storage battery.
Or: described back-up source is the super capacitor group, and described power supply single is a super capacitor.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: this equalizer circuit comprises input switching circuit, sample resistance Rs, transformer, the individual output rectifier and filter of n (n is the number of storage battery or super capacitor), specifically has:
(1) switching tube Q1 links to each other with whole group storage battery group (or super capacitor group) two ends by sample resistance Rs with series connection back, the former limit of transformer T1 in the input switching circuit, and switching tube Q1 is operated on off state;
(2) transformer T1 is the voltage-dropping type transformer that n secondary winding arranged, the in full accord and close-coupled of secondary umber of turn, and former limit umber of turn is generally n times of the secondary number of turn;
(3) n output rectifier and filter by D1 and C1, D2 and C2 ..., Dn and Cn form, the secondary winding of each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and T1 links to each other, make they and former limit switching tube Q1 constitute single-ended reverse exciting with the polarity connection of transformer T1, promptly when the Q1 conducting, transformer secondary induced voltage makes the secondary diode bear reverse voltage and ends, and Q1 is when turn-offing, and transformer secondary induced voltage makes the secondary diode bear forward voltage and conducting;
(4) C1 in the output rectifier and filter, C2 ..., Cn respectively and each monomer of series battery (super capacitor) be in parallel.
In charging process, when monitoring the unbalanced degree of voltage when transfiniting, start equalizer circuit, realize that whole group voltage is to the minimum monomer charging of voltage (other monomer charging current just reduces accordingly), finally make voltage maintenance balance between all each monomers by rational control mode, can prevent and treat overcharging, can make full use of the capacity of battery (or super capacitor) again.
In discharge process, when monitoring the unbalanced degree of voltage when transfiniting, start equalizer circuit, realize that whole group voltage is to the minimum monomer charging of voltage (other monomer discharging current just increases accordingly), finally make voltage maintenance balance between all each monomers by rational control mode, both can prevent to put, and can fully discharge energy storage again;
No matter in charging process or in discharge process, the equalizer circuit role all is a compensating action, therefore required power capacity and little itself; All pressing institute's employing method in addition is that electric energy is shifted to the relatively low monomer of voltage from the higher relatively monomer of voltage, if do not consider the loss of circuit itself, this pressure equalizing can't harm, but therefore both energy savings also can do equalizer circuit to such an extent that volume is little, in light weight.
Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: the Voltage unbalance of 1, can prevent to connect batteries or super capacitor group can make full use of the capacity of batteries or super capacitor group again; 2, reduce simultaneously because of all pressing the loss that causes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the equalizer circuit of existing battery pack.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the equalizer circuit of existing super capacitor group.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the equalizer circuit of the secondary winding of the present invention transformer that adopts the centre cap pattern.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the equalizer circuit of the secondary winding of the present invention transformer that adopts independent pattern.
Fig. 5 is the equalizer circuit schematic diagram of the communication power supply of 24 joint 2V storage battery series connection.
Fig. 6 is the equalizer circuit schematic diagram of the electric supply of 104 joint 2V storage battery series connection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 3,4,5,6, a kind of equalizer circuit of back-up source, described back-up source comprise n power supply single of mutual series connection, and described equalizer circuit comprises sample resistance Rs, input switching circuit, transformer T1 and n output rectifier and filter; Described input switching circuit links to each other with the two ends of back-up source by sample resistance Rs with the series connection back, former limit of transformer T1; The secondary of described transformer T1 is provided with n step-down output, the in full accord and close-coupled of the output voltage of each step-down output; Described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit links to each other with a step-down output, and described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and input switching circuit constitute single-ended reverse exciting; Described each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is in parallel with each power supply single respectively.
Described transformer T1 secondary is provided with n secondary winding, and each secondary umber of turn is identical.The corresponding step-down output of each secondary winding.Or: described transformer T1 is the centre cap pattern, and transformer T1 secondary is provided with n/2 secondary winding, and wherein n is an even number, and each secondary winding is provided with two step-down outputs.
Described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises diode D and capacitor C, described diode D and capacitor C series connection, and described electric capacity is in parallel with power supply single.Described input switching circuit is switching tube Q1.
Described back-up source is a batteries, and described power supply single is a storage battery.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, be equalizer circuit in the frame of broken lines, E is a charge power supply, BT1, BT2 ..., BTn is battery pack, RL is load; Switching tube Q1 links to each other with whole group storage battery group (or super capacitor group) two ends by sample resistance Rs with series connection back, the former limit of transformer T1 in the input switching circuit; Transformer T1 is the voltage-dropping type transformer that n secondary winding arranged, n the identical and close-coupled of secondary umber of turn; Each secondary winding of T1 connects a current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, respectively by D1 and C1, D2 and C2 ..., Dn and Cn form, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit constitutes anti-sharp with former limit switching tube Q1; The output of each current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is connected to the two ends of a battery or super capacitor.
This equalizer circuit and monomer voltage observation circuit are in conjunction with application.
In the accompanying drawing 4, switching tube Q1 and transformer T1 and n current rectifying and wave filtering circuit are formed the circuit of reversed excitation of output more than one.Be without loss of generality, suppose BT2 capacity minimum in the whole Battery pack, BT5 capacity maximum, the voltage of BT2 rises the most soon usually in charging process like this, and the voltage of BT5 rises the most slowly, and when exchanging the power failure battery discharge, the voltage of BT2 descends the most soon, and the voltage of BT5 descends the most slowly.Divide several operating modes to analyze equalizer circuit below and get the course of work.
First operating mode, in each monomer voltage stage in a basic balance, equalizer circuit is not worked, and switching tube Q1 does not have driving pulse.
Second operating mode, in charged state, the charging current of establishing whole Battery pack is I, and when detecting the Voltage unbalance degree and transfinite, wherein BT5 voltage is minimum, and switching tube Q1 begins switch work.When the Q1 conducting, the secondary diode all is in oppositely by state, and transformer T1 primary current is linear to be increased, and transformer is in the energy storage state; When switching tube Q1 turn-offs, transformer T1 secondary induced voltage is reverse, energy is presented to secondary, because the secondary umber of turn is identical, and close-coupled, therefore the secondary winding voltage is identical, because the voltage (being made as V5) of BT5 is minimum, the conducting of D5 positively biased, so each winding voltage of transformer secondary all by clamped V5+Vd (Vd is the diode current flow pressure drop), this voltage can't make other diode current flow, so the transformer energy storage is only presented to BT5.Can on average all press charging current by what the duty of regulating the Q1 driving pulse was recently regulated BT5, be made as Ij, then the actual charge current of BT5 is I+Ij-Ij/n, and the actual charge current of other battery is I-Ij/n.The voltage of BT5 will raise than very fast like this, behind pressure equalizing after a while, if this moment, the Voltage unbalance degree of whole Battery pack no longer transfinited, just turn-off the driving pulse of Q1, stop equalizer circuit work, if still transfinite, then equalizer circuit works on, transformer secondary energy presses minimum battery to present to other end, and is in a basic balance until voltage.
The 3rd operating mode, in discharge condition, the discharging current of establishing whole Battery pack is I, and when the Voltage unbalance degree transfinites, wherein BT2 voltage is minimum, and switching tube Q1 begins switch work.When the Q1 conducting, the secondary diode all is in oppositely by state, and transformer T1 primary current is linear to be increased, and transformer is in the energy storage state; When switching tube Q1 turn-offs, transformer T1 secondary induced voltage is reverse, energy is presented to secondary, because the secondary umber of turn is identical, and close-coupled, therefore the secondary winding voltage is identical, because the voltage (being made as V2) of BT2 is minimum, the conducting of D2 positively biased, so each winding voltage of transformer secondary all by clamped V2+Vd (Vd is the diode current flow pressure drop), this voltage can't make other diode current flow, so the transformer energy storage is only presented to BT2.Can on average all press charging current by what the duty of regulating the Q1 driving pulse was recently regulated BT2, be made as Ij, then the actual discharge electric current of BT2 is I+Ij/n-Ij, and the actual charge current of other battery is I+Ij/n.The voltage of BT2 descends fewerly like this, behind pressure equalizing after a while, if this moment, the Voltage unbalance degree of whole Battery pack no longer transfinited, just turn-off the driving pulse of Q1, stop equalizer circuit work, if still transfinite, then equalizer circuit works on, transformer secondary energy presses minimum battery to present to other end, and is in a basic balance until voltage.
All pressures for the communication power supply that adopts 24 joint 2V storage battery series connection can adopt scheme as shown in Figure 5.Adopt the Pressure and Control unit of two 12 batteries to realize jointly, one of them even pressure controller connects 11 battery cells, and controller is a monomer with 2 batteries.
All pressures for the electric supply that adopts 104 joint 2V storage battery series connection can adopt scheme as shown in Figure 6, adopt the Pressure and Control unit of ten 11 batteries, and wherein the tenth Pressure and Control unit connects 6 batteries.If consider the balance of voltage between each Battery pack, can be a monomer with 10 batteries also in Pressure and Control unit of cascade.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 3,4,5,6, the back-up source of present embodiment is the super capacitor group, and described power supply single is a super capacitor.All the other structures are identical with embodiment 1 with the course of work.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of equalizer circuit of back-up source, described back-up source comprise n power supply single of mutual series connection, it is characterized in that: described equalizer circuit comprises sample resistance Rs, input switching circuit, transformer T1 and n output rectifier and filter; Described input switching circuit links to each other with the two ends of back-up source by sample resistance Rs with the series connection back, former limit of transformer T1; The secondary of described transformer T1 is provided with n step-down output, the in full accord and close-coupled of the output voltage of each step-down output; Each of a described n output rectifier and filter links to each other with a step-down output, and each of a described n output rectifier and filter and input switching circuit constitute single-ended reverse exciting; Each of a described n output rectifier and filter is in parallel with each power supply single respectively.
2, the equalizer circuit of back-up source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described transformer T1 secondary is provided with n secondary winding, and each secondary umber of turn is identical.
3, the equalizer circuit of back-up source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described transformer T1 is the centre cap pattern, and transformer T1 secondary is provided with n/2 secondary winding, and wherein n is an even number, and each secondary winding is provided with two step-down outputs.
4, as the equalizer circuit of the described back-up source of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described output rectifier and filter comprises diode D and capacitor C, described diode D and capacitor C series connection, and described capacitor C is in parallel with power supply single.
5, the equalizer circuit of back-up source as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described input switching circuit is switching tube Q1.
6, the equalizer circuit of back-up source as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described back-up source is a batteries, and described power supply single is a storage battery.
7, the equalizer circuit of back-up source as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described back-up source is the super capacitor group, and described power supply single is a super capacitor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100698263A CN100566076C (en) | 2007-06-30 | 2007-06-30 | The equalizer circuit of back-up source |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100698263A CN100566076C (en) | 2007-06-30 | 2007-06-30 | The equalizer circuit of back-up source |
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| CN101119037A CN101119037A (en) | 2008-02-06 |
| CN100566076C true CN100566076C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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| CNB2007100698263A Expired - Fee Related CN100566076C (en) | 2007-06-30 | 2007-06-30 | The equalizer circuit of back-up source |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101567574A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2009-10-28 | 王创社 | Proportional balancing method for voltage of energy storage device and circuit |
| CN101783521B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2012-05-30 | 深圳市盛弘电气有限公司 | Charging and discharging dynamic voltage-balancing circuit and power supply using same |
| CN102005826B (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-12-05 | 重庆大学 | Power interface circuit for energy storage device with energy storage monomers connected in series |
| US9136705B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2015-09-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Scalable method of proportional active state of charge balancing for managing variations in the state of health of batteries |
| CN102355027B (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2016-01-27 | 耿直 | Cell batteries is method of work and single independent work type battery pack in groups |
| CN104113091A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-22 | 邹城市游骑兵汽车电控技术有限公司 | Laminated boost topology capable of realizing energy bidirectional control |
| CN105322560B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-01-05 | 华南理工大学 | Mixed energy storage system it is new quickly from equalizing circuit |
| CN109032319A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-18 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of backup power supply system and storage system storing equipment |
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