Sludge drying device and utilize the sludge drying method of this device
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection equipment, especially relate to a kind of can within a short period of time, the moisture percentage in sewage sludge after the dehydration reduced to satisfactory sludge drying device and utilizes the sludge drying method of this device.
Background technology
The whole nation sewage work wet mud of annual discharging is more than 5,000,000 tons.A large amount of mud not stabilized, harmless treatment have become the heavy burden of sewage work, again environment have been produced secondary pollution simultaneously.The transportation of mud for convenience, deposit and processing and utilization, must carry out further drying, reducing mud volume and transport management expense, and utilize (as doing fuel, building materials etc.) to create conditions again for next step to the mud after the preliminary hydro-extraction.Therefore the processed of mud is very necessary.
At present, domestic mainly is to utilize belt filter press that moisture percentage in sewage sludge is reduced to 70-80% or dehydration naturally, promptly utilizes sludge drying factory that mud is carried out the natural drying dehydration.Moisture percentage in sewage sludge after the common mechanical dehydration need be made further processed about 80%.And the dehydration floor space is big naturally, and secondary pollution is serious, and is subjected to season, weather effect bigger, and efficient is lower.
Abroad mainly be to adopt drying machinery to handle mud.According to the way of contact of thermal medium and mud, drying machinery can be divided into direct mummification, indirectly drying and direct-technology types such as indirect association type mummification.Directly the essence of mummification is convection drying, is about to the hot gas that the combustion chamber produces and directly contacts mixing with mud, heats mud and makes wherein that moisture is evaporated, and finally obtain the dewatered sludge product.Flash Type moisture eliminator, revolver drier, spiral moisture eliminator etc. all belong to this type; And contact drying comes down to conductive drying, the hot gas that is about to the roasting kiln generation is by steam and deep fat dielectric heater wall, heat transmits dewing mud by wall again, thereby wherein moisture is evaporated and removes, as film drier and various rotating disk/paddle board moisture eliminator etc.Directly-the association type dehumidification system is the combination of convection current-conduction technique indirectly.In the above moisture eliminator, the Flash Type moisture eliminator is at present most widely used a kind of, and above-mentioned moisture eliminator all can be handled moisture percentage in sewage sludge to below 10%.
There is following defective in existing sludge drying equipment:
1, needs to consume a large amount of heat energy in the drying process;
2, the initial stage facility investment is big;
3, working cost is high, and the processing costs of the wet mud of general ton is all more than 100 yuan.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve existing sludge drying equipment energy consumption height, initial investment is big, running cost is high technical problem and adopt the technical problem that solar energy drying mud efficient is low, time of drying is long, it is low, with low cost and move sludge drying device efficiently to propose a kind of energy consumption.
Another purpose of the present invention is that a kind of sludge drying method that utilizes above-mentioned sludge drying device will be provided.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of sludge drying device of structure, and it comprises the housing of the sealing that a transparent glass is made, the branch multilayer is horizontally set at the intravital tray supporter of this shell, be located on the horizontal sidewall of described housing with the corresponding opening for feed of described every layer of tray supporter, be located at the discharge port on the relative sidewall of described housing with this opening for feed, removablely be connected in housing outer surface and can sealing respectively into, the hush panel of the transparent glass of discharge port, can be free by advancing, discharge port or be positioned at material pallet on the described tray supporter, be located at described housing bottom respectively, the rectification blower fan of the made enclosure interior airiness at top, be located at the blast inlet of bottom, described housing one side and with limit, this blast inlet upper end hinged and with the shrouding of the adaptive transparent glass of blast inlet, be located at the rain insensitive device of this blast inlet, be located at the wind pipe on top, the relative housing of this blast inlet one side and supporting ventilation blower fan, being located at this ventilation blower fan of the intravital control of shell closes, the humidity automated watch-keeping facility of opening.
In the preferred version of the present invention, described housing, hush panel and shrouding constitute by double-deck hollow transparent glass.
Wherein, described hush panel is a rectangle, can move up and down, and in the surface of shell corresponding position, the four edges of this hush panel is equipped with joint strip with removable connection-screw retention.The shrouding of described blast inlet is a rectangle, and the limit, upper end is articulated in shell inner surface, and its excess-three limit is provided with joint strip.
The rain insensitive device of described blast inlet is the horn-like pipeline that Open Side Down, and small end docks with blast inlet is adaptive.
Described wind pipe is level or the hard pipeline that is provided with downwards, after connect described ventilation blower fan, laggard end of line gas disposal is drawn in air-out.
Eyed structure is arranged in the bottom surface of described material pallet.
Described tray supporter can be the integral type skeleton construction, and it comprises and the adaptive framework of described housing inner chamber that the plane is arranged at intervals at each layer support that the several stainless steel tubes on the framework constitute.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is to utilize the sludge drying method of sludge drying device, has the following steps:
Step 1: the mud of dehydration is tiled on the material pallet in advance earlier, open the hush panel of sealing opening for feed, the opening for feed of pallet by the kiln right side pushed along tray supporter, the position that then hush panel is returned to the sealing opening for feed is also fixing again, and discharge port is in closed state;
Step 2: open the rectification blower fan, make indoor by the Forced Air Convection of solar heating, the evaporation of under the energy of warm air, vaporizing of the moisture in the mud;
Step 3: monitor atmospheric moisture in the kiln at any time by the humidity automated watch-keeping facility, when reaching certain numerical value, the ventilation blower fan is opened in humidity automated watch-keeping facility control,, and by wind pipe indoor water vapor is discharged in the extraneous air suction chamber by blast inlet; When monitoring indoor atmospheric moisture when being reduced to certain numerical value, the ventilation blower fan is closed down in the control of humidity automated watch-keeping facility, and the shrouding of blast inlet is closed blast inlet automatically, stops ventilation.Constantly circulation reduces the water ratio of mud gradually;
Step 4: when the water ratio that detects mud reaches processing requirement, open the hush panel of sealing discharge port, pallet is pulled out along tray supporter by the discharge port in kiln left side, the position that hush panel is returned to the sealing discharge port is also fixing.Take off the mud after the mummification, be poured onto the appointed place and store or transport outward and utilize.
The present invention adopts the housing of an airtight relatively double-layer transparent glass as kiln, be placed on the field and can at utmost accept the position of solar radiation, utilize the radiation of sun power to heat room air, and can prevent distributing of indoor heat effectively, reach the purpose of insulation, keep higher temperature in the kiln thereby make, help material moisture vaporization evaporation; The rectification blower fan that top hole pressure is low, big to flow perturbation, installed power is little is housed in the kiln, make the room air forced convection, make full use of the contained heat of ambient air in the kiln with the vaporization of the moisture in mud evaporation, and rapidly water vapor is discharged kiln by air interchanger, improve drying efficiency greatly, thereby realize rapid drying.Sludge drying method of the present invention is simple to operate, detects moisture percentage in sewage sludge and all can adopt method manual or that control automatically with the running status of regulating ventilation, bleed device, controls convenient, flexible.
Initial investment of the present invention is few, only need to build the glass kiln, the inner rectification blower fan that is equipped with can be selected the blower fan that air quantity is big, pressure is low, power is little (as the warmhouse booth ventilator) for use, the ventilation blower fan can be selected the Middle pressure draught fan that ventilation volume is big, installed power is little for use, whole investment cost be at present other sludge drying equipment about 1/10.And working cost is low, the present invention relates to the available following formula of mechanical air supply amount and calculates:
In the formula: the Q--blower fan is to the air output of mud; The specific heat of C--air; The specific volume of r--air; G
0--the original weight of mud; W
0--the original moisture of mud; C
0--the original specific heat of mud; t
0--the original temperature of mud; G
1--the weight of dry back mud; W
1--the moisture of dry back mud; C
1--the specific heat of dry back mud; t
1--the temperature of dry back mud; T
Do--atmospheric dry-bulb temperature; T
Wet--atmospheric wet-bulb temperature; I
0--the sludge water content heat of gasification; T--ventilation hours; E--solar radiation heat.Illustrate: according to the mud of handling 100 tons of water ratio 80% every day, the whole water ratio of mud is 40%, and sun power is adopted the long-pending 3000m of hot side
2, the annual mean that all temps, solar radiation energy are all got Jinan Area calculates, the annual mechanical air supply amount that needs:
The ventilation blower fan is if select separate unit air output Q=55000m for use
3/ h, certain plastic greenhouse blower fan of power 1.5KW, can get blower fan the year working time (being total air-supply time) be:
Hour, its total power is: Pt=1.5 * 2.2 * 10
5=3.3 * 10
5KWh.Electricity price is calculated by 0.60 yuan/degree, and then total electricity charge are 198000 yuan, and amounting to 1 ton of required electricity charge of wet mud of every processing is 5.42 yuan/ton, is the 1/15-1/25 of other sludge drier working cost, has saved processing costs greatly.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done detailed explanation, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that dissects of sludge drying device of the present invention preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the charging and discharging mouth sealing of sludge drying device of the present invention preferred embodiment or the structural representation of opening;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the tray supporter of sludge drying device preferred embodiment skeleton construction of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of sludge drying device preferred embodiment material pallet of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that sludge drying device preferred embodiment blast inlet of the present invention is closed;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation that sludge drying device preferred embodiment blast inlet of the present invention is opened;
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet of sludge drying method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of sludge drying device of the present invention preferred embodiment, described sludge drying device, it kiln, branch multilayer that comprises that the closure casing 6 by a transparent glass constitutes be horizontally set at the intravital tray supporter 3 of this shell, be located on the housing 6 horizontal right side walls with the corresponding opening for feed 1 of every layer of tray supporter, be located at the discharge port 2 on housing 6 and this opening for feed 1 a relative side (left side) wall.Described charging and discharging mouth is connected with the hush panel 7 that can seal this charging and discharging mouth respectively.In the present embodiment, hush panel 7 is a rectangle, transparent glass by double-deck hollow is made, this hush panel can move up and down, and bolting is arranged in the surface of shell corresponding position, four edges is equipped with joint strip 8 (as shown in Figure 2, wherein, shown in the A is shown in charging and discharging mouth closing condition, the B to be charging and discharging mouth open mode).The bottom of described housing 6, top are respectively equipped with and can make the cross-ventilated rectification blower fan 5 of enclosure interior.Among this embodiment, described rectification blower fan can be selected the blower fan that air quantity is big, pressure is low, power is little (as the warmhouse booth ventilator) for use, can reach the purpose of saves energy, is used to form the forced convection of dry room air, so that improve drying efficiency.Also be provided with a plastic cement material pallet 4 that place to desire the mummification material, the size of this dish with its can uncrossed freedom by the charging and discharging mouth or be positioned on the described tray supporter 3 and get final product.Eyed structure 10 (as shown in Figure 4) is arranged in the bottom surface of this material pallet 4, is beneficial to ventilate up and down, makes full use of the amount of heat that air that the rectification blower fan blows brings and will place the moisture vaporization evaporation of the material on the material pallet, and finish drying fast.Described housing left surface bottom is provided with blast inlet 02 and the shrouding 06 hinged and that make with the transparent glass of the adaptive double-deck hollow of blast inlet with limit, this blast inlet upper end.This shrouding is a rectangle, and the limit, upper end is articulated in shell inner surface, and its excess-three limit is provided with joint strip 8.This blast inlet also is provided with rain insensitive device 03 outward, and this rain insensitive device is the horn-like pipeline that Open Side Down, and its small end docks with blast inlet is adaptive.The housing one lateral top relative with blast inlet 02 is provided with and the wind pipe 04 of housing 6 inner chamber conductings and supporting ventilation blower fan 05.This wind pipe is horizontally disposed hard pipeline, also can be provided with downwards.The wind pipe rear portion connects described ventilation blower fan, is provided with the humidity automated watch-keeping facility (not shown) that this ventilation blower fan of may command closes, opens in the housing.The ventilation blower fan is drawn laggard end of line gas disposal with air-out.Can be during processing with air-out by spray column absorption objectionable impurities wherein, the water under the spray is introduced the biological filter again and is carried out a biological disposal upon, and the water after the processing is back to spray column and carries out recycle.
As shown in Figure 1, by the kiln that described housing 6 constitutes, the wind that changes in it is realized by blast inlet 02 and wind pipe 04.When the humidity automated watch-keeping facility monitors atmospheric moisture in the kiln when reaching certain numerical value, open the ventilation blower fan 05 on the wind pipe, make that kiln is inner to form the certain negative pressure space, so blast inlet 02 opened automatically, extraneous air is in a steady stream constantly in the inlet chamber.Ventilation finishes after the atmospheric moisture in the kiln is reduced to permissible value, closes down ventilation blower fan 05, and the shrouding 06 of blast inlet is closed under action of gravity automatically.For preventing that rainwater from entering kiln from blast inlet, around blast inlet, be provided with rain insensitive device 03.
As shown in Figure 3, the tray supporter 3 in the present embodiment is the integral type skeleton construction, and it comprises the angle iron frame 12 adaptive with housing 6 inner chambers, and the plane is arranged at intervals at each layer support 9 that the several stainless steel tubes on the framework constitute.For reduce the frictional force that the material pallet moves on each layer support 9, the trundle (not shown) can be set on each layer support 9.Several stainless steel tubes that described tray supporter 3 also can directly be arranged at intervals on housing 6 sidewalls by the plane constitute each layer tray supporter.
As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 1, utilize the sludge drying method of above-mentioned sludge drying device to be:
When implementing sludge drying, the mud of dehydration is tiled on the material pallet 4 in advance earlier, the bolt of the fixed sealing oralia 7 at opening for feed 1 place on kiln right side is unclamped, make and move to material pallet 4 on the hush panel can freely to enter the position of kiln from opening for feed 1 motionless, the opening for feed 1 of material pallet 4 by the kiln right side pushed along tray supporter, material pallet 4 sets back hush panel after entering kiln fully then again, promptly seal opening for feed, and use bolting.The joint strip 8 on four limits of hush panel can play the effect of sealing.This moment, the discharge port 2 in kiln left side was closed.
Open rectification blower fan 5, make indoor by the Forced Air Convection of solar heating, the evaporation of under the energy of warm air, vaporizing of the moisture in the mud.At any time monitor atmospheric moisture in the kiln by the humidity automated watch-keeping facility, when the humidity automated watch-keeping facility monitors atmospheric moisture in the kiln when reaching certain numerical value, the ventilation blower fan 05 on the wind pipe is opened in the control of humidity automated watch-keeping facility, make the inner certain negative pressure space that forms of kiln, therefore blast inlet 02 is opened (seeing also Fig. 6) automatically, in the continuous in a steady stream inlet chamber of extraneous air.Ventilation finishes after the atmospheric moisture in the kiln is reduced to permissible value, and ventilation blower fan 05 is closed down in the control of humidity automated watch-keeping facility, and the shrouding 06 of blast inlet is closed (seeing also Fig. 5) automatically under action of gravity.So circulation, just the water ratio with mud reduces gradually.
When the water ratio that detects mud reaches processing requirement, close all rectifications, ventilation blower fan.The bolt that seals the hush panel of discharge port is unclamped, moving to pallet on the hush panel, can freely to leave the position of kiln from discharge port motionless, pallet is pulled out along tray supporter by the discharge port in kiln left side, after the material pallet leaves kiln fully, hush panel is returned to sealing discharge port position, and use bolting.Take off the mud after the mummification, be poured onto the appointed place and store or transport outward and utilize.
Sludge drying method of the present invention is simple to operate, detects moisture percentage in sewage sludge and all can adopt method manual or that control automatically with the running status of regulating rectification, ventilation blower fan, controls convenient, flexible.