A kind of preparation method of aspartic acid
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of chemical feedstocks, be specially the preparation method of aspartic acid, belong to chemical field.
Background technology
Aspartic acid is the sylvite of Aspartic Acid, is electrolyte complementary medical.Aspartic Acid is the precursor of oxaloacetic acid in the body, plays an important role in tricarboxylic acid cycle, promotes energy metabolism, is the synthetic catalyzer that decomposes of high-energy phosphate compound; Participation Nucleotide generates, and is cytothesis and regenerated important substance; Can promote the drainage of bile and bile pigment, effects such as row is yellow, minimizing liver fat, increase liver starch are arranged; Promote the T lymphocyte to grow and be divided into the mature T lymphocyte, have antiviral and antineoplastic action.Simultaneously, Aspartic Acid is also participated in urea cycle, makes NH
3With CO
2Generate urea and reach detoxification.Aspartic Acid and cell have very strong avidity; can be used as potassium ion and enter the carrier of cell; potassium ion is returned in the cell; promote cell depolarization and cellular metabolism; keep myocardial contraction, thereby improve myocardium shrinkage function, and reduce oxygen-consumption; thereby under anoxic condition, heart had provide protection.
Aspartic acid preparation external (Japan) has aspartic acid injection liquid, the listing of aspartic acid sheet, when can be applicable to clinically following symptom or situation occur, uses it to mend potassium:
During (1) with antihypertensive diuretic medicine, adrenocortical hormone, cardiotonic glycoside, Regular Insulin, some microbiotic coupling;
(2) hypokalemia type periodicity tetraplegia;
(3) hypokalemia that causes by heart trouble;
(4) after serious vomiting, diarrhoea, potassium picked-up deficiency and the operation.
Domestic have Potassium magnessium aspartape compound injection and oral preparations to go on the market, and all is widely used at present in the clinical practice, and clinical service condition is stable, and application prospect is extensive.Potassium magnessium aspartape is the mixing double salt that Aspartic Acid sylvite and magnesium salts are formed, and can improve myocardium shrinkage function, and can lower oxygen consumption, improves myocardial cell's energy metabolism.Be applied to treat various hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hyperammonemia the sixties abroad certain curative effect is all arranged, domestic application Potassium magnessium aspartape treatment at end of the seventies heart disorder, cardiac insufficiency and acute, chronic hepatitis, hyperbilirubinemia etc. obtain better effects, progressively play a part to fall poison the nineties in antineoplastic microbiotic chemotherapy.At present, Potassium magnessium aspartape is mainly used in following aspect clinically:
Cardiovascular systems: be used for the treatment of or assisting therapy heart disorder, stenocardia, the concurrent ventricular premature contraction of chronic heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, hypertension, viral myocarditis etc.
Central nervous system: be used for the treatment of or assisting therapy pulmonary encephalopathy, acute cerebral infarction, hepatogenic encephalopathy etc.
The liver system: but drug combination is as one of chronic viral hepatitis B removing jaundice subcutaneous ulcer effective ways.
Endocrine system: drug combination treatment diabetic polyneuropathy has good efficacy.
Respiratory system: Potassium magnessium aspartape can obviously alleviate and oozes out, and the diastole bronchial smooth muscle improves anoxic conditions and increases cardio-pulmonary function, and panting property of infant disease is had significant curative effect.
Other: effectively prevent and treat the elderly's heart disorder that occurs in the surgery anesthesia.
The present domestic listing that do not have of aspartic acid single preparations of ephedrine, synthetic principles that adopt Aspartic Acid and sylvite reaction of aspartic acid more, because aspartic acid is soluble in water, the reaction solution thickness that Aspartic Acid and sylvite reaction back produce, crystallinity is very poor and water absorbability is strong, can't make acceptable material with traditional technology, the production technique that the Potassium magnessium aspartape compound preparation adopts Aspartic Acid and sylvite (as potassium hydroxide) and magnesium oxide to feed intake more, this production technique easily produces quality problems and produces security hidden danger and influence clinical application effect in actual production, as it is inaccurate to feed intake, quality heterogeneity between the different batches, unstable, introduced relatively large impurity etc., especially for injection, directly the production technique that feeds intake with Aspartic Acid and sylvite (as potassium hydroxide) and magnesium oxide can't be removed the potassium hydroxide of supplying on impurity, the especially market of raw material introducing and contain relatively large impurity, no matter be medicinal rank or CP, the AR rank, content all is 〉=82%, be not higher than 90% usually.The clinical application unsafe factor that is increased may bring serious consequence.
CN 1439629A disclose a kind of left-handed-aspartic acid raw material and utilize made preparation of this raw material and preparation method, its described left-handed-preparation method of aspartic acid, be characterised in that the sylvite of getting recipe quantity is in retort, dissolve with suitable quantity of water, add amount of methanol or ethanol again, left-handed-the Aspartic Acid that adds recipe quantity more lentamente stirs, and regulates pH 8 with left-handed-Aspartic Acid or sylvite, filter, the filtrate cooling slowly adds methyl alcohol or ethanol, stirs, add left-handed on a small quantity-aspartic acid in case of necessity, make and separate out crystallization, centrifugation, oven dry is promptly.Exist preparation cycle long in this method technology actual production, efficient is low, the low deficiency that waits of product yield, and general yield is lower than 70%, especially on big production.As in the unique left-handed-aspartic acid feedstock production embodiment 1 that relates to of CN 1439629A, described left-handed-aspartic acid preparation technology will reach and increase yield (as 70%) and will increase the very a large amount of ethanol or the consumption of methyl alcohol, and certainly will increase production cost greatly, and roll up the feasibility that ethanol or methanol usage will influence actual production.
The present invention and conventionally spray-dried method (are the reaction solution of sylvite and Aspartic Acid, the dried powder that spray-dried prepared obtains) the method for the present invention that is not all is a solvent crystal, traditional drying process with atomizing can greater efficiency obtain the aspartic acid raw material, but the impurity problem that raw material is introduced can't be effectively removed in its same existence, exist product pH value unstable, potassium, Aspartic Acid content are than unstable, the more high deficiency of related substance, and directly formulation products is brought potential safety hazard.
Technology of the present invention is stayed impurity in the solvent system, bulk drug is separated out with crystalline form, and technology is simple, and cost is low, the yield height, can effectively remove impurity and obtain the more raw material medicine of high purity and quality, it is low to overcome the said products yield, and the pH value is unstable, potassium, Aspartic Acid content are than unstable, the more high deficiency of related substance, especially at injection, for medication safe, effectively the meaning of highly significant arranged.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the shortcoming of prior art, as the infeasibility of producing, inefficient, low yield, unstable product quality etc., the preparation method of aspartic acid of the present invention, principal character is to add sylvite and Aspartic Acid in water, make reaction after remove part or all of moisture, residuum joins in the non-aqueous solvent of the certain temperature that can dissolve each other with water and separates out solid, through pulverizing, drying obtains the method for finished product, compared with the prior art, have the product yield of significantly improving, prior art can be lower than 70% yield and be increased to more than 90%, even more than 95%, and reduce production costs, the non-aqueous solvent (as ethanol) of the used certain temperature that can dissolve each other with water can reduce more than 5 times, even more than 20 times, improves production efficiency and product quality.
The preparation that preparation method provided by the present invention can be used for containing crystal water or do not contain the crystal water aspartic acid, preparation as L-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate semihydrate, the preparation of anhydrous L-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate, the preparation of DL-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate semihydrate, the preparation of anhydrous DL-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate etc.
The present invention is achieved in that Yu Shuizhong adds sylvite and Aspartic Acid, make reaction, use sylvite (as potassium hydroxide) and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0 (do not need regulate) in case of necessity, reaction solution is removed 50% above moisture, preferably remove 60% above moisture, residuum is added to make in the non-aqueous solvent of the certain temperature that can dissolve each other with water and concentration separates out solid, through centrifugal or filtration, drying, obtains the aspartic acid finished product.The solvent that is added (water) can be 1~50/1 (V/W) with the ratio of L-Aspartic Acid.Prepared aspartic acid can be L-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate semihydrate, anhydrous L-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate, DL-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate semihydrate, anhydrous DL-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate.
The sylvite of described method and Aspartic Acid are made by the raw material of following molfraction: 1~10 part of Aspartic Acid; 1~11 part of sylvite; The certain temperature that can dissolve each other with water of described method and the non-aqueous solvent of concentration can be one of methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone or its any mixture, as methyl alcohol, each mixture of 50% of acetone, ethanol, each mixture of 50% of acetone or the like.The non-aqueous solvent concentration of described method is preferably 80%~100%, as 95% ethanol, dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol etc.; Sylvite can be for potassium hydroxide, salt of wormwood, saleratus, as potassium hydroxide; The Aspartic Acid of described method can be L-Aspartic Acid, DL-Aspartic Acid, wherein adopt the L-Aspartic Acid can make the L-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate, adopt the DL-Aspartic Acid can make the DL-2-Potassium Aminosuccinate, the aspartic acid for preparing, its water content is 0%~12%.
The reaction solution of described method is removed the moisture ratio and further preferably be can be 75%~100%.Described method can be-80 ℃~40 ℃ with its temperature of non-aqueous solvent that water dissolves each other, be preferably-80 ℃~40 ℃ ,-50 ℃~10 ℃, further preferably can be-40 ℃~0 ℃.
The preparation method of described method aspartic acid, can add recipe quantity potassium hydroxide for: Yu Shuizhong, stir and add L-Aspartic Acid or DL-Aspartic Acid down, heating makes reaction, filters, and filtrate is steamed near and done, stir in the dehydrated alcohol that is added to-25 ℃~0 ℃ down, place, get solid, through pulverize, centrifugal (or filtration), be drying to obtain.
The preparation method of above-mentioned aspartic acid can be used for preparing aspartic acid injection raw material, aspartic acid oral preparations raw material, aspartic acid magnesium injection raw material and Potassium magnessium aspartape oral preparations raw material.
Embodiment
Following examples just are described more specifically the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in the content of following examples.
Embodiment 1
The purified water that adds 1340 milliliters in flask stirs the 56.1 gram potassium hydroxide of adding down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 and restrains the L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off about 80% solvent (water), and under agitation in the ethanol with 1340 milliliters-40 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings promptly get L-aspartic acid 181.3 grams, yield 96.3%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 2
The purified water that adds 1400 milliliters in flask stirs the 69.1 gram salt of wormwood of adding down, slowly adds 133.1 gram L-Aspartic Acids again.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off about 70% solvent (water), and under agitation in the ethanol with 1400 milliliters-80 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings promptly get L-aspartic acid 179.0 grams, yield 95.1%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 3
The purified water that adds 1200 milliliters in flask stirs the 100.1 gram saleratus of adding down, slowly adds 133.1 gram L-Aspartic Acids again.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off about 85% solvent (water), and under agitation in the ethanol with 1200 milliliters-60 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings promptly get L-aspartic acid 183.1 grams, yield 97.3%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 4
The purified water that adds 650 liters in reactor stirs adding 56.1 kg of hydrogen potassium oxides down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off moisture, and under agitation in the ethanol with 500 liters 0 ℃ of the thick thing adding of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 180.5 grams, yield 95.9%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 5
The purified water that adds 650 liters in flask stirs adding 69.1 kg of potassium carbonate down, slowly adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids again.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off about 90% solvent (water), under agitation the thick thing of gained is pressed in 650 liters-30 ℃ the ethanol, and the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 182.2 grams, yield 96.8%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 6
The purified water that adds 650 liters in flask stirs adding 100.12 kg of carbon potassium hydrogen phthalates down, slowly adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids again.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off about 80% solvent (water), under agitation the thick thing of gained is pressed in 650 liters-30 ℃ the ethanol, and the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 179.7 grams, yield 95.5%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 7
The purified water that adds 400 liters in reactor stirs adding 56.1 kg of hydrogen potassium oxides down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 3 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate boils off moisture, and under agitation in the methyl alcohol with 400 liters-10 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 105 ℃ of drying under reduced pressure, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 182.9 grams, yield 97.2%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 8
The purified water that adds 400 liters in reactor stirs adding 56.1 kg of hydrogen potassium oxides down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 3 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate boils off moisture, and under agitation in the dehydrated alcohol with 400 liters-10 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 105 ℃ of drying under reduced pressure, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 182.4 grams, yield 96.9%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 9
The purified water that adds 400 liters in reactor stirs adding 56.1 kg of hydrogen potassium oxides down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 3 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate boils off moisture, and under agitation in the acetone with 300 liters-30 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 65 ℃ of drying under reduced pressure, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 178.8 grams, yield 95.0%.The preparation-obtained L-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 10
The purified water that adds 400 liters in reactor stirs adding 56.1 kg of hydrogen potassium oxides down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of DL-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 3 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate boils off moisture, and under agitation in the acetone with 300 liters-30 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 55 ℃ of drying under reduced pressure, whole grain promptly gets the L-aspartic acid, yield 96.7%.The preparation-obtained DL-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 11
The purified water that adds 600 liters in flask stirs adding 69.1 kg of potassium carbonate down, slowly adds 133.1 kilograms of DL-Aspartic Acids again.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, with potassium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~8.0.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off about 90% solvent (water), under agitation the thick thing of gained is pressed in 650 liters-30 ℃ the ethanol, and the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-aspartic acid 182.0 grams, yield 96.7%.The preparation-obtained DL-aspartic acid of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 12
Except that the DL-Aspartic Acid that the L-Aspartic Acid is changed into, other are with embodiment 1~embodiment 9, and with the preparation-obtained DL-aspartic acid of embodiment through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 13
Get the aspartic acid 1712g (in anhydride) of embodiment 1~12, join in the water for injection of about 7L, heated and stirred makes dissolving, after treating all dissolvings fully, regulate pH to 7.0, add the 7.5g needle-use activated carbon, insulated and stirred 30 minutes, the coarse filtration carbon removal is with a small amount of water for injection detergent active charcoal layer, after-teeming is penetrated water to 10L, millipore filtration with 0.22 μ m filters, and can becomes 1000, sealing by fusing, sterilization, promptly.
Embodiment 14
The purified water that adds 650 liters in reactor stirs adding 50 kg of hydrogen calcium oxide down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, reacting by heating 1~3 hour,, use calcium hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH6.0~7.5 in case of necessity.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off moisture, and under agitation in the ethanol with 500 liters-10 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 50 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-C8H12CaN2O8 332.7 grams, yield 97.8%.The preparation-obtained L-C8H12CaN2O8 of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 15
The purified water that adds 650 liters in reactor stirs 20.1 kilograms of magnesium oxide of adding down, all after the dissolving, adds 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids.Finish, refluxed 2 hours, use magnesium oxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 5.5~7.5 in case of necessity.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off moisture, and under agitation in the ethanol with 520 liters-10 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 60 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-Magnesium Aspartate 309.2 grams, yield 95.3%.The preparation-obtained L-Magnesium Aspartate of present embodiment is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.
Embodiment 16
The purified water that adds 650 liters in reactor stirs adding 49.6 kg of hydrogen zinc oxide and 133.1 kilograms of L-Aspartic Acids down.Finish, reacting by heating 1~3 hour is used zinc hydroxide and Aspartic Acid regulator solution pH 6.0~7.5 in case of necessity.Filter, filtrate decompression boils off moisture, and under agitation in the ethanol with 520 liters-10 ℃ of the thick thing addings of gained, the limit edged stirs, and a large amount of white solids generate.Finish, left standstill 1 hour.Centrifugal, pulverize, 60 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, whole grain promptly gets L-Aspartic Acid zinc 352.8 grams, yield 96.5%.The preparation-obtained L-Aspartic Acid of present embodiment zinc is through structural identification, consistent with bibliographical information.