CN100550596C - The PWM motor drive circuit - Google Patents
The PWM motor drive circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN100550596C CN100550596C CNB2006101608077A CN200610160807A CN100550596C CN 100550596 C CN100550596 C CN 100550596C CN B2006101608077 A CNB2006101608077 A CN B2006101608077A CN 200610160807 A CN200610160807 A CN 200610160807A CN 100550596 C CN100550596 C CN 100550596C
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Abstract
A kind of PWM motor drive circuit, it comprises a drive IC element, a PWM change-over circuit and a voltage stop; This drive IC element is connected to the rotating speed of the coil of a motor with the control motor; This PWM change-over circuit is connected to this drive IC element; One end of this voltage stop and this drive IC element and PWM change-over circuit interconnect, and its other end connects a power supply, and this voltage stop is for producing a predetermined initial voltage, and this drive IC element can receive the initial voltage of this voltage stop.Thus, when this motor starts,, make this motor steadily accelerate to a desired speed by controlling this initial voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of PWM motor drive circuit, particularly a kind of voltage stop that connects between a drive IC element and a PWM change-over circuit makes this motor steadily accelerate to the PWM motor drive circuit of a desired speed.
Background technology
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1 to 4B, existing PWM (Pulse Width Modulation pulse width modulation) motor has a PWM motor drive circuit 1 and is connected to a motor coil 2, to carry out alternation excitatory so that control this motor coil 2, so can drive a motor rotor and produce rotation.This PWM motor drive circuit 1 comprises a drive IC element 10, a Hall IC element 11 and a PWM change-over circuit 12.This drive IC element 10 is connected to this Hall IC element 11, so that receive the rotor detection signal of this Hall IC element 11.This drive IC element 10 has a pin VTH, and this pin VTH is connected to this PWM change-over circuit 12.This PWM change-over circuit 12 has a PWM input 121, it connects input one PWM signal, so this PWM signal is after this PWM change-over circuit 12 is converted to voltage signal, again this voltage signal is inputed to the pin VTH of this drive IC element 10, so that determine this motor coil 2 to carry out the excitatory cycle of alternation, so can control the rotating speed of this motor rotor.
Shown in Fig. 1,2A, 2B, one end of one capacitor cell 9 is connected in the pin VTH of this drive IC element 10, and the earth terminal that is connected to this PWM motor drive circuit 1 is drawn in its other end, therefore shown in Fig. 2 A, when this motor starts (time is when being 0 second), this capacitor cell 9 is because the transient state short circuit characteristic, and the current potential that forces this pin VTH is 0V, thereafter this capacitor cell 9 returns back to a predetermined voltage, for example 3V after after a while again.Yet the charging of above-mentioned capacitor cell 9 action will make this motor when transient state, and its rotating speed moment is pulled up to a maximum speed (for example 6000RPM), and after after a while, return back to a desired speed (for example 2000RPM) again.Therefore, under the situation that rotating speed rises sharply, cause this motor not only to produce noise and vibrations, and also produce great element friction, thereby increase the consume of this motor component.
For overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, please refer to shown in Fig. 3,4A, the 4B, one capacitor cell 9 ' is set on the circuit arrangement of this PWM motor drive circuit 1, one end of this capacitor cell 9 ' connects the pin VTH of this drive IC element 10, and its other end connects a power supply, and this power supply can select a direct pin 6VREG by this drive IC element 10 to power.When this motor starts at the beginning, the electrical potential energy of the pin VTH of this drive IC element 10 determines the rotating speed of this motor, this voltage source can form a predetermined initial voltage in this pin VTH by this capacitor cell 9 ', when transient state, this initial voltage is equal to this power source voltage, 6V for example, after after a while, the current potential of this pin VTH then can maintain 3V by the connection of this capacitor cell 9 '.Therefore, shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B, the rotating speed of this motor can rise to a desired speed (as the 2000RPM of 4B figure) by a halted state (as the 0RPM of 4B figure) to current potential that should pin VTH, starts the high rotating speed pattern that promptly enters to prevent motor one.
Yet, when the potential operations of this pin VTH when this initial voltage (for example 3.6V) is following, this motor progresses into rotary state soon.Change speech, this motor in the back of waiting for a period of time (current potential of promptly waiting for this pin VTH is discharged to time back of 3.6V from 6V) just by zero or the slow-speed of revolution rise to this desired speed, thereby delay the reaction time of this motor when starting, and then cause control efficiency not high, and has the shortcoming of improper consume energy.For these reasons, it still is necessary further to improve above-mentioned prior PWM motor drive circuit really.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to address the above problem, a kind of PWM motor drive circuit is provided, this motor utilizes an end of a voltage stop to connect a drive IC element and a PWM change-over circuit, and the other end of this voltage stop is connected in a voltage source, when motor starts, the potential change of first pin of this drive IC steadily accelerates to a desired speed so that control this motor, makes the present invention have the effect that improves the motor control efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of PWM motor drive circuit, it comprises a drive IC element, a PWM change-over circuit and a voltage stop.This drive IC element is connected to the rotating speed of the coil of a motor with the control motor.This PWM change-over circuit is connected to this drive IC element.This voltage stop is made up of a potential-divider network and one first capacitor cell series connection, one end of this voltage stop and this drive IC element and PWM change-over circuit interconnect, the other end of this voltage stop connects a voltage source, and this voltage stop is for producing a predetermined initial voltage, and this drive IC element can receive the initial voltage of this voltage stop.Therefore, when this motor starts,, make this motor steadily accelerate to a desired speed by controlling this initial voltage;
The drive IC element has one first pin and one second pin, and this first pin is connected to this PWM change-over circuit, and this second pin forms this power supply, and the cross-over connection of described voltage stop is between first pin and second pin;
The potential-divider network of voltage stop can be made of a voltage stabilizing didoe; The potential-divider network of voltage stop can be made of a passive resistance; The potential-divider network of voltage stop also can be made of an active load;
Initiatively load is an electric crystal, and is somebody's turn to do the active load operation in linear zone; First capacitor cell is made up of with at least a connected mode in parallel or series connection several capacitors;
The voltage stop interconnects institute by one first capacitor cell and one second capacitor cell and forms; An end of this first capacitor cell is connected to second pin and the external voltage source of described drive IC element; An end of this second capacitor cell is connected to an earth terminal of this PWM motor drive circuit, and another end of another end of this first capacitor cell and second capacitor cell is connected to first pin of this drive IC element respectively;
First capacitor cell and second capacitor cell are several capacitors with constant capacitance, utilize at least a connected mode of serial or parallel connection that several capacitors are matched to a predetermined capacitance;
The voltage stop is mainly interconnected by a passive type dividing potential drop networking and one first capacitor cell;
Passive type dividing potential drop networking is interconnected by several passive loads and forms;
Passive load is one of described several resistors and several capacitors;
The voltage stop is mainly interconnected by an active dividing potential drop networking and one first capacitor cell;
Active dividing potential drop networking is interconnected by several electric crystals and forms;
An output at active dividing potential drop networking is provided with a buffer in addition.
The operation principle of PWM motor drive circuit provided by the invention and beneficial effect: because the present invention is provided with a voltage stop, one end of this voltage stop is connected to first pin of a PWM change-over circuit and a drive IC element, and the other end of this voltage stop is connected in a power supply, when motor starts, the potential change of first pin of this drive IC, can make this motor steadily accelerate to a desired speed, so that improve the motor control efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the circuit diagram of prior PWM motor drive circuit;
Fig. 2 A: the prior PWM motor drive circuit produces the schematic diagram of current potential at the pin of drive IC element;
Fig. 2 B: the schematic diagram that the motor rotary speed of prior PWM motor drive circuit changes;
Fig. 3: the circuit diagram of prior PWM motor drive circuit;
Fig. 4 A: the prior PWM motor drive circuit produces the schematic diagram of current potential at the pin of drive IC element;
Fig. 4 B: the schematic diagram that the motor rotary speed of prior PWM motor drive circuit changes;
Fig. 5: the circuit diagram of the PWM motor drive circuit of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 A: the PWM motor drive circuit of first embodiment of the invention produces the schematic diagram of current potential at the pin of drive IC element;
Fig. 6 B: the schematic diagram that the motor rotary speed of the PWM motor drive circuit of first embodiment of the invention changes;
Fig. 7: the circuit diagram of the voltage stop of the PWM motor drive circuit of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8: the circuit diagram of the voltage stop of the PWM motor drive circuit of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9: the circuit diagram of the PWM motor drive circuit of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10: the circuit diagram of the PWM motor drive circuit of fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11: the circuit diagram of the PWM motor drive circuit of sixth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, hereinafter will be especially exemplified by preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cooperate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
Please refer to shown in the 5th figure, the PWM motor drive circuit 1 of first embodiment of the invention is connected to a motor coil 2, and this motor coil 2 is single phase winding, two-phase coil or three-phase coil etc.This PWM motor drive circuit 1 comprises a drive IC element 10, a Hall IC element 11, a PWM change-over circuit 12 and a voltage stop 3.This PWM motor drive circuit 1 is in order to drive this motor coil 2 of conducting, so that this motor coil 2 can produce an alternating magnetic field.
Referring again to shown in Figure 5, this drive IC element 10 is connected to this Hall IC element 11, and this drive IC element 10 is connected to this PWM change-over circuit 12 in addition.This drive IC element 10 has one first pin 101, and this first pin 101 is in order to be connected to this PWM change-over circuit 12 with input PWM signal; This drive IC element 10 has one second pin 102 in addition, and 102 of this second pins are in order to provide a predetermined voltage to this PWM change-over circuit 12.
Referring again to shown in Figure 5, one end of this voltage stop 3 be connected in first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10 and this PWM change-over circuit 12 between, and the other end of this voltage stop 3 is connected to a voltage source, this voltage source is selected from an external voltage source (not illustrating), and second pin 102 of this drive IC element 10 of preferable connection, so that a voltage is provided, for example provide the magnitude of voltage of a 6V by this second pin 102.This voltage stop 3 is in order to produce a predetermined initial voltage, for the pin 101 of this drive IC element 10 of input.
Referring again to shown in Figure 5, the voltage stop 3 of first embodiment of the invention is can select to interconnect institute by a voltage stabilizing didoe (ZENER DIODE) ZD and one first capacitor cell C 1 to form.More detailed speech, the end of this voltage stabilizing didoe ZD connects second pin 102 or this external voltage source of this drive IC element 10, this voltage stabilizing didoe ZD has the characteristic of reverse-breakdown voltage, promptly when this voltage stabilizing didoe ZD oppositely connects, this voltage stabilizing didoe ZD himself is producing a voltage drop because of reverse collapse, and the design of different voltage drops can be arranged according to the selection of this voltage stabilizing didoe ZD model.In addition, first pin 101 of this first capacitor cell C1 and this drive IC element 10 and this PWM change-over circuit 12 interconnect.
Please refer to Fig. 5,6A, shown in the 6B, when motor starts at the beginning (time is when being 0 second), first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10 provides voltage to this voltage stop 3 (6V voltage for example is provided), this moment, this voltage stabilizing didoe ZD self produced a voltage (for example producing the voltage of a 2.4V), the operating characteristic that cooperates this first capacitor cell C1 simultaneously, and then first pin 101 that limits this drive IC element 10 is set up this predetermined initial voltage (for example 3.6V), thereafter after quickening phase buffer through one, this initial voltage discharges gradually, and maintain a predetermined voltage (for example 3.0V) and reach stable, and the rotating speed of this motor is to should initial voltage and the variation of predetermined voltage.Therefore, can make this motor steadily accelerate to a desired speed (for example accelerating to 2000RPM), so the rotating speed of this motor can improve the control efficiency of motor by the start of this voltage stop 3 by this initial voltage of control by zero or the slow-speed of revolution.
Shown in Fig. 5,6A and 6B, the first capacitor cell C1 of this voltage stop 3 also can select by several capacitor parallel connections or be composed in series, and the capacitance of this first capacitor cell C1 can be adjusted according to product demand, so that adjust the time span of the acceleration phase buffer of this drive IC element 10, after so this motor quickens phase buffer through this, its rotating speed can be reached desired speed, to avoid producing improper hastening phenomenon.
Referring again to shown in Figure 5, the Hall IC element 11 of first embodiment of the invention detects signal to this drive IC element 10 in order to rotor to be provided, so that these drive IC element 10 suitable these motor coils 2 of conducting, so this motor coil 2 can drive the rotor rotation.
Referring again to shown in Figure 5, the PWM change-over circuit 12 of first embodiment of the invention has a PWM input 121, it connects input one PWM signal, so this PWM signal is after this PWM change-over circuit 12 is converted to voltage signal, again this voltage signal is inputed to first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10, so that determine this motor coil 2 to carry out the excitatory cycle of alternation, so can control the rotating speed of this motor rotor.
Please refer to shown in Figure 7ly, it discloses the PWM motor drive circuit 1 of second embodiment of the invention.Compared to first embodiment, the voltage stop 4 of second embodiment is selected to interconnect institute by a passive resistance R a and this first capacitor cell C1 and is formed.More detailed speech, the end of this passive resistance R a connects second pin 102 or this external voltage source of this drive IC element 10, and this passive resistance R a and several resistance R 9 to R13 form a loop, sharing the voltage that this second pin 102 is provided jointly, and then this predetermined initial voltage is set up in the design of the resistance value by this passive resistance R a on this first pin 101.
Please refer to shown in Figure 8ly, it discloses the PWM motor drive circuit 1 of third embodiment of the invention.Compared to first and two embodiment, the voltage stop 5 of the 3rd embodiment is selected to interconnect institute by an active load M1 and this first capacitor cell C1 and is formed.More detailed speech, this active load M1 selects an electric crystal, because this active load M1 is connected to this second pin 102 or has the external voltage source of the accurate position of low-voltage, and the circuit connecting mode of this active load M1 (when for example selecting N type metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal for use gate and source electrode being connected jointly) is when making it operate in linear zone, this active load M1 can be considered an active resistance, and this active load M1 and this several resistance R 9 to R13 form a loop, so that set up this predetermined initial voltage on this first pin 101, this active load M has the characteristic that smaller power consumes.
Please refer to shown in Figure 9ly, it discloses the PWM motor drive circuit 1 of fourth embodiment of the invention.Compared to first to three embodiment, the voltage stop 6 of the 4th embodiment mainly interconnect institute by this first capacitor cell C1 and one second capacitor cell C2 and form.More detailed speech, the end of this first capacitor cell C1 is connected to second pin 102 or this external voltage source of this drive IC element 10, and the end of this second capacitor cell C2 is connected to an earth terminal of this PWM motor drive circuit 1, and this first capacitor cell C1 and the second capacitor cell C2 other the other end further is connected to first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10 jointly.Therefore, when motor starting, the first capacitor cell C1 of this voltage stop 6 and the second capacitor cell C2 can be according to the suitable matching Design of capacitance, make first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10 set up the initial voltage that is same as the present invention first to three embodiment, and then improve the control efficiency of motor.
Referring again to shown in Figure 9, the first capacitor cell C1 or the second capacitor cell C2 of the voltage stop 6 of fourth embodiment of the invention select several to have the capacitor of constant capacitance, utilize series-parallel connected mode several capacitors to be matched to the first capacitor cell C1 or the second capacitor cell C2 again with predetermined capacitance value, and the circuit characteristic of utilization capacitor, so that produce the predetermined voltage of first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10.Moreover, the variable capacitance that this first capacitor cell C1 or the second capacitor cell C2 also can select to have the adjustable capacitance value, so can simplify the circuit structure of this voltage stop 6 relatively, when this PWM motor drive circuit 1 is diverted to different motor, can carry out more resilient design adjustment simultaneously according to different initial voltages and predetermined voltage.
Please refer to shown in Figure 10ly, it discloses the PWM motor drive circuit 1 of fifth embodiment of the invention.Compared to first to fourth embodiment, the voltage stop 7 of the 5th embodiment is mainly interconnected with this first capacitor cell C1 by a passive type dividing potential drop networking 70, this passive type dividing potential drop networking 70 is by several passive loads, for example several resistors or several capacitors are formed, particularly the passive type dividing potential drop networking 70 of fifth embodiment of the invention utilizes the common mutually connection of this passive resistance R b, Rc and Rd, sharing this second pin 102 or voltage that external voltage source was provided, and this passive resistance R b, Rc and Rd also can select a variable resistor.The suitable design of the resistance value by this passive resistance R b and Rc, further compare with Fig. 7, this passive type dividing potential drop networking 70 can not be subject to the networking characteristic of this PWM motor drive circuit 1, also can not be subject to this resistance R 9 to R13, and independently carry out suitable adjustment design, so that increase the degree of freedom of design.
Please refer to shown in Figure 11ly, it discloses the PWM motor drive circuit 1 of sixth embodiment of the invention.Compared to first to five embodiment, the voltage stop 8 of the 6th embodiment is mainly interconnected with this first capacitor cell C1 by an active dividing potential drop networking 80, but this active dividing potential drop networking 80 is by several initiatively loads, and for example several electric crystals M2, M3 and M4 form.Therefore this active dividing potential drop networking 80 can be carried out than the flexible adjustment design of tool, and simultaneously compared to the 3rd embodiment, this active dividing potential drop networking 80 has the effect that promotes circuit efficiency.In addition, when selecting for use this electric crystal M2, M3 and M4 to design, its output also can select to be provided with a buffer (not illustrating), and for example amplifier circuit or cmos circuit are to overcome load effect.
Compared to this capacitor cell 9 ' in parallel between existing drive IC element 10 and PWM change-over circuit 12, and an end of this capacitor cell 9 ' is connected to this pin 6VREG, shown in the 3rd figure; So, when motor starts, the reaction time that this motor enters rotary state relatively this capacitor 9 ' discharge condition and postpone a period of time, shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B, and then cause shortcoming such as the not high and improper loss of energy of control efficiency.Review, Fig. 5 of the present invention connects this drive IC element 10 and PWM change-over circuits 12 by a voltage stop 3, and this three is connected in first pin 101 of this drive IC element 10 jointly, and the other end of this voltage stop 3 connects this second pin 102.Therefore, when motor started, this voltage stop 3 can limit the predetermined initial voltage of this first pin 101, made this motor steadily accelerate to a desired speed, and then effectively promoted the control efficiency of motor.
Claims (15)
1, a kind of PWM motor drive circuit, it is characterized in that: this drive circuit comprises: a drive IC element; Described drive IC element is connected to the coil of a motor to control the rotating speed of this motor; A PWM change-over circuit; Described PWM change-over circuit is connected to described drive IC element; And
A voltage stop; Described voltage stop is made up of a potential-divider network and one first capacitor cell series connection, an end of this voltage stop and described drive IC element and PWM change-over circuit interconnect, another end of this voltage stop connects a power supply, and this voltage stop is for producing a predetermined initial voltage;
When described motor started, described drive IC element received the initial voltage of described voltage stop, and by this initial voltage of control, made described motor steadily accelerate to a desired speed.
2, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drive IC element has one first pin and one second pin, this first pin is connected to this PWM change-over circuit, and this second pin forms this power supply, and the cross-over connection of described voltage stop is between this first pin and second pin.
3, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the potential-divider network of described voltage stop is made of a voltage stabilizing didoe.
4, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the potential-divider network of described voltage stop is made of a passive resistance.
5, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the potential-divider network of described voltage stop is made of an active load.
6, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described active load is an electric crystal, and is somebody's turn to do the active load operation in linear zone.
7, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described first capacitor cell is made up of with at least a connected mode in parallel or series connection several capacitors.
8, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the potential-divider network of described voltage stop is made of one second capacitor cell; An end of described first capacitor cell is connected to second pin or external voltage source of described drive IC element; An end of described second capacitor cell is connected to an earth terminal of described PWM motor drive circuit, and another end of another end of described first capacitor cell and second capacitor cell is connected to first pin of described drive IC element respectively.
9, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described first capacitor cell and second capacitor cell are several capacitors with constant capacitance, utilize at least a connected mode of serial or parallel connection that several capacitors are matched to a predetermined capacitance.
10, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the potential-divider network of described voltage stop is made of a passive type dividing potential drop networking.
11, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 10 is characterized in that: described passive type dividing potential drop networking is interconnected by several passive loads and forms.
12, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: described passive load is several resistors or several capacitors.
13, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the potential-divider network of described voltage stop is made of an active dividing potential drop networking.
14, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 13 is characterized in that: described active dividing potential drop networking is interconnected by several electric crystals and forms.
15, PWM motor drive circuit according to claim 13 is characterized in that: an output at described active dividing potential drop networking is provided with a buffer in addition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101608077A CN100550596C (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2006-11-28 | The PWM motor drive circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101608077A CN100550596C (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2006-11-28 | The PWM motor drive circuit |
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| CN101192804A CN101192804A (en) | 2008-06-04 |
| CN100550596C true CN100550596C (en) | 2009-10-14 |
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| CNB2006101608077A Active CN100550596C (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2006-11-28 | The PWM motor drive circuit |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4851751A (en) * | 1986-06-23 | 1989-07-25 | Aviation Instrument Manufacturing Corp. | Pulse width modulation power supply for loads such as artificial horizon indicator gyros and the like |
| US6828748B2 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-12-07 | Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co., Ltd. | Speed control circuit for a brushless dc motor |
| CN2662531Y (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2004-12-08 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Rotary speed control circuit for fan motor |
-
2006
- 2006-11-28 CN CNB2006101608077A patent/CN100550596C/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4851751A (en) * | 1986-06-23 | 1989-07-25 | Aviation Instrument Manufacturing Corp. | Pulse width modulation power supply for loads such as artificial horizon indicator gyros and the like |
| US6828748B2 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-12-07 | Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co., Ltd. | Speed control circuit for a brushless dc motor |
| CN2662531Y (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2004-12-08 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Rotary speed control circuit for fan motor |
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| CN101192804A (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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