A kind of preparation of trimeric-cyanamide cyanurate fire-retardant nylon material
Technical field:
The present invention relates to high molecular fire retardant material preparation method field, particularly the preparation of trimeric-cyanamide cyanurate fire-retardant nylon material.
Background technology:
Along with the development of electric industry, the demand of fire-retardant nylon keeps increasing fast.Though the halogen containing flame-retardant good flame retardation effect, when burning the amount of being fuming big, and produce toxic gas and cause secondary pollution.Melamine cyanurate is called for short MCA, is a kind of polymkeric substance that is polymerized by trimeric cyanamide and cyanuric acid, and being considered to be in bromo-antimony minimum on price/performance index is substitute, has caused the interest on international fire-retardant boundary.As a kind of nitrogen flame retardant, to compare with halogenated flame retardant, toxicity is lower, has the excellent fire retardant over-all properties.Nylon 6 is a kind of good toughness, electrical property excellence, oil resistant, attrition resistant important engineering plastics, but as a kind of flammable plastics, it is used for goods electric, the transportation building field and generally also needs to carry out fire-retardant finish.Therefore, Liu Yuan, Wang Qi, Hu Fuyu, the research of modified cyanurotriamide cyanurate flame-proof PA 6, polymer material science and engineering, 2004,20 (3), 220; Chinese invention patent application number 200510022046.4; Chinese invention patent zI03135668.0.But a kind of mode of above research is that melamine cyanurate is carried out molecule is composite modified, prepares fire-retardant nylon then; Another mode is to be raw material with trimeric cyanamide, cyanuric acid, adopts original position compound mode preparation fire retardant earlier.These two kinds of methods are the raw materials cost height not only, and the method complexity.
Summary of the invention:
In order to address the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of employing reaction extrusion method to prepare melamine cyanurate/nylon 6 fire retardant materials.Whole synthesis excellent performances such as the fire retardant material shock resistance of the present invention's preparation, color and luster, and raw materials cost is low, method is simple.The technical solution used in the present invention is:
1) with material, nylon 6, poly cyanamid cyanurate, oxidation inhibitor are prepared burden by weight ratio, mix in high-speed mixer, and the weight part proportioning is:
6 100 parts of nylon
6~16 parts of melamine cyanurates
0.3 part in oxidation inhibitor
2) expressing technique: after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 200-240 ℃, the main frame revolution is 400r/min~580r/min, reacted 1~2 minute, through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet is in 80~120 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 2~6h.
Described oxidation inhibitor is [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (being antioxidant 1010).
The preparation of described trimeric-cyanamide cyanurate fire-retardant nylon material is characterized in that material also comprises 1~4 part retardant synergist.
Described retardant synergist is triphenylphosphate (TPP) or zinc borate.
Adopt expressing technique to be by the advance copy invention: extrusion temperature is 200-240 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 400r/min~580r/min, reacts 1~2 minute.
Consumption further experiment to melamine cyanurate and retardant synergist illustrates below:
Test example 1
Get 6,0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 of nylon of 100 parts, get melamine cyanurate by table 1, in high-speed mixer, mix, after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, and extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacted 1~2 minute, through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet the results are shown in Table 1 in 100 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 4h.
Table 1
Melamine cyanurate part |
Relative density g/cm
3 |
Melt flow rate (MFR) (g/10min) |
Flame retardant resistance UL94 (3.2mm) |
6 |
1.123 |
1.61 |
V-1 |
8 |
1.119 |
1.69 |
V-1 |
10 |
1.113 |
1.72 |
V-0 |
12 |
1.106 |
1.77 |
V-0 |
14 |
1.100 |
1.85 |
V-0 |
16 |
1.084 |
1.88 |
V-0 |
From the result, the consumption of melamine cyanurate serves as preferred with 10~12 parts.
Test example 2
Get 100 parts 6,0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 of nylon, 10 parts of melamine cyanurates, get triphenylphosphate (TPP) by table 2, in high-speed mixer, mix, after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, and extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacted 1~2 minute, through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet the results are shown in Table 2 in 100 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 4h.
Table 2
Triphenylphosphate |
Relative density g/cm
3 |
Melt flow |
Flame retardant resistance UL94 (3.2mm) |
1 |
1.110 |
1.78 |
V-0 |
2 |
1.110 |
1.98 |
V-0 |
3 |
1.109 |
1.96 |
V-0 |
4 |
1.106 |
2.03 |
V-0 |
From the result, the consumption of triphenylphosphate is at 2~4 parts.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can prepare trimeric-cyanamide cyanurate fire-retardant nylon 6 materials by the reaction extrusion method, found that, 10% the MCA that adds nylon 6 can make the system flame retardant effect reach UL94V-0 level level, during burning, low cigarette, low toxicity make material system keep the good mechanical performance on the whole simultaneously.MCA of the present invention and other auxiliary dosage are few, and relative density is little, and the good fluidity of system is beneficial to process for processing, and the goods Gao Guang that makes, highlighted keeps characteristics such as lasting.Compare with other flame-retardant nylon 6 material, fire retardant material of the present invention is efficient, Halogen, be the environmental protection flame retardant material.Aspect environment, the MCA fire-retardant nylon material hangs down cigarette, low toxicity, halogen-free environmental; Aspect color and luster, this material is better than the red phosphorus flame-retardant nylon material, and red phosphorus flame-retardant material red color is strong, the toning difficulty, and the MCA fire-retardant nylon material can be made into light-coloured prods; Aspect consumption, in the fire retardant material MCA consumption be in the inorganic fire-retarded nylon material magnesium hydroxide consumption 1/5th.The present invention is a raw material with the melamine cyanurate directly, is equipped with an amount of retardant synergist, utilizes one step of reaction extrusion method to obtain fire-retardant nylon.This method, the one, the raw materials cost that reduces, the 2nd, reduce the generation of reactions steps and side reaction.Present method operating procedure is simple, and facility investment is few, but the serialization operation, and production cost is low.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
1) with material, 6,6 parts of melamine cyanurates of 100 parts of nylon, 0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 mix in high-speed mixer,
2) expressing technique: after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacts 1~2 minute, and through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet is in 80 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 8h.Relative density 1.123g/cm
3, melt flow rate (MFR) 1.61 (g/10min), flame retardant effect reaches the UL94V-1 level, and mechanical property sees Table 3.
Embodiment 2
1) with material, 6,10 parts of melamine cyanurates of 100 parts of nylon, 0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 mix in high-speed mixer.
2) expressing technique: after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 225 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacts 1~2 minute, and through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet is in 100 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 5h.Relative density 1.113g/cm
3, melt flow rate (MFR) 1.72 (g/10min), flame retardant effect reaches the UL94V-0 level, and mechanical property sees Table 3.
Embodiment 3
1) with material, 6,16 parts of melamine cyanurates of 100 parts of nylon, 0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 mix in high-speed mixer.
2) expressing technique: after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacts 1~2 minute, and through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet is in 100 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 5h.Relative density 1.084g/cm
3, melt flow rate (MFR) 1.88 (g/10min), flame retardant effect reaches the UL94V-0 level, and mechanical property sees Table 3.
Table 3
The prescription sequence number |
Socle girder impacts KJ/m
2 |
Tensile strength MPa |
Elongation at break % |
Flexural strength MPa |
Modulus in flexure GPa |
Nylon 6 |
13.50 |
72.60 |
139.50 |
122.50 |
3.62 |
Embodiment 1 |
7.76 |
73.07 |
83.10 |
123.40 |
3.44 |
Embodiment 2 |
6.72 |
75.46 |
33.44 |
125.51 |
3.34 |
Embodiment 3 |
5.78 |
69.96 |
12.46 |
120.60 |
3.28 |
Embodiment 4
1) with material, 6,10 parts of melamine cyanurates of 100 parts of nylon, 0.3 part of antioxidant 1010 are got retardant synergist triphenylphosphate (TPP) by table 4 and are mixed in high-speed mixer.
2) expressing technique: after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 225 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacts 1~2 minute, and through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet is in 100 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 5h.Mechanical property sees Table 4.
Table 4
Embodiment 5 contrast experiments
1) gets material by table 5, material is mixed in high-speed mixer.
2) expressing technique: after mixing of materials is even, material is thrown in the twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 225 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 480r/min, reacts 1~2 minute, and through check rod, cooling, pelletizing, pellet is in 100 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 5h.Mechanical property sees Table 5.
Table 5