CN100545963C - Evaporative cooling traction transformer - Google Patents
Evaporative cooling traction transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN100545963C CN100545963C CNB200410103901XA CN200410103901A CN100545963C CN 100545963 C CN100545963 C CN 100545963C CN B200410103901X A CNB200410103901X A CN B200410103901XA CN 200410103901 A CN200410103901 A CN 200410103901A CN 100545963 C CN100545963 C CN 100545963C
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Abstract
A kind of evaporative cooling traction transformer.It adopts the immersion type vapor cooling system, pours into evaporative cooling medium in the oil tank of transformer.Because energy loss, Transformer Winding and heating unshakable in one's determination, evaporative cooling medium in the heat transferred oil dropping apparatus, its temperature is raise, when temperature reached the pairing saturation temperature of internal pressure, the evaporative cooling medium vaporization in the fuel tank produced decalescence, liquefaction again, so circulation after the condenser cooling.Transformer of the present invention is compared with oil-filled transformer, has removed oil conservator, and structure is simpler.Because the current density height of transformer, the material that needs reduces, and correspondingly the volume and weight of transformer also reduces thereupon.Guaranteed the requirement of traction transformer lightness and miniaturization.Advantages such as that the present invention has is flammable anything but, temperature rise is low, safe and reliable, environmental protection, lightness, miniaturization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transformer, particularly evaporative cooling traction transformer.
Background technology
According to type of cooling difference, transformer can be divided into several classifications such as oil-filled transformer, dry-type transformer, SF usually.The coolant of oil-filled transformer is transformer oil (or oil resistant), and its advantage is the electrical strength height, but when running into naked light after temperature surpasses burning-point, has the danger of burning, and therefore, oil-filled transformer should not use at the high special occasions of fire protection requirement.The dry-type transformer difficult combustion transformer of can only saying so, be not fire transformer, its maximum operating temperature is 185 degree, when temperature surpasses critical value, meet naked light meeting breaking out of fire, and, dry-type transformer costs an arm and a leg, cost exceeds 2.5～4 times than common oil-filled transformer, and winding current density is low, and effectively material use is quite insufficient.Gas-insulated transformer adopts sulfur hexafluoride gas as dielectric and coolant, because the heat transfer property of sulfur hexafluoride gas far is inferior to transformer oil, in order to improve its heat transfer property, usually the oil tank of transformer internal pressure can reach 0.1～0.2MPa (the low pressure gas-insulated transformer that rated voltage 110kV is following), or 0.2～1.2MPa (rated voltage 110kV～765kV hyperbar gas-insulated transformer), in addition, transformer insulated and cooling problem becomes very outstanding after the gas leakage, it is out of service with transformer as early as possible to have to, therefore, the SF volume is big, weight is big, cost exceeds 4～8 times than common oil-filled transformer, the manufacturing process complexity, the dustproof requirement of manufacturing environment is quite high, and the requirement of antiseep is also very strict.
Application number is that the compound of the transpiration-cooled transformer adopting fluorine that proposes of utility model patent that the evaporative cooling power transformer that proposes of the utility model patent of 99237863.x and application number are 98200236.x is a coolant, replace transformer oil to be placed in the fuel tank coolant, the heat that is absorbed transformer by coolant is vaporized, produce decalescence, through condenser cooling liquefaction again, circulation so repeatedly.This coolant has the fire-fighting effect, has overcome the deficiency of oil-filled transformer, dry-type transformer and gas-insulated transformer, good cooling results, reliability height.But, because the use of fluorine compounds is restricted at present, this class transformer can only be used the evaporative cooling medium of compliance with environmental protection requirements instead, as Fla, but, make the price of vapour-cooled transformer also become very expensive because the evaporative cooling medium of compliance with environmental protection requirements costs an arm and a leg.
Traction transformer is for satisfying the traction needs, and area of core section is than big with the common power transformer of capacity, and magnetic flux density is lower, and no-load loss is lower.Unshakable in one's determination adopt full mitered do not have the punching lamination repeatedly dress form, the fastening employing arm-tie of core limb clamps, the tower structure of adhesive tape colligation, guarantees that product is solid and reliable.Winding conducting wire adopts the small bore multiple conducting wires and around mode, to reduce eddy current loss.Winding is furnished with inside and outside stay in coiling, compress drying, to guarantee winding higher mechanical strength is arranged.Device adopts the cylinder type spring compression in assembling process, make transformer bear short-circuit impact continuously, when having guaranteed that winding moves under normal or external circumstances, enough mechanical strengths and axial compressive force is arranged.Location measure is arranged at the bottom of device body, and the positioner of four-way non-displacement is adopted on top, makes transformer in transportation, installation and operation, and each size non-displacement produces.Assembly comprises diaphragm type storage oil cabinet, pressure relief valve and cooling device.
Traction transformer generally all partly or entirely is installed under the locomotive car.It highly is subjected to strict restriction, and radiating condition is quite abominable.Simultaneously, traction voltage transformation is thought highly of and limited by the strictness of Locomotive Axle Load, and volume is limited by the strictness of installation site also.The key factor that will consider when therefore, its volume and weight is design.Traction transformer will be to lightness and miniaturization development.Japan 300 is that electric locomotive group traction transformer adopts the shell type transformer structure with weight reduction.But the design difficulty of low capacity high impedance shell type traction transformer is bigger, and for this reason, the traction transformer of Japanese electric locomotive group can only add the air gap iron core between winding meeting design requirement in high pressure winding and traction, but the manufacture difficulty of this method is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome that existing fire-fighting is poor, volume big, the shortcoming of technology such as Heavy Weight and feature of environmental protection difference, at traction transformer a kind of immersion type evaporative cooling traction transformer is proposed.Generally speaking, the surface coefficient of heat transfer of boiling heat transfer exceeds several times even tens times than the heat convection of monophasic fluid, compare with existing power apparatus cools mode, the transpiration-cooled good heat dissipation effect of immersion type, required cooling medium consumption are little, having a narrow range of temperature between coolant and the heater, effectively prevent the aging of TRANSFORMER INSULATING MATERIAL, guaranteed the electric strength of insulating material.
Itself costs an arm and a leg traction transformer.Transformer oil is used the cost that increases behind the evaporative cooling medium and original cost of traction transformer instead to compare ratio less among the present invention, so little to the raising influence of total cost.Because traction transformer weight is limited by the strictness of Locomotive Axle Load, volume is limited by the strictness of installation site also, and transformer of the present invention is compared with oil-filled transformer, removed oil conservator, be changed to the less condenser of volume, simple in structure, more can satisfy the requirement of its miniaturization and.
The transformer body that the present invention is made up of Transformer Winding and transformer core, oil tank of transformer, condenser, bushing, low-tension bushing, discharge, liquid back pipe and supporting reactor are formed.
The present invention adopts the transformer body of core type and shell-type, transformer supporting reactor also be divided into two kinds of core type and shell-types.Reactor can adopt iron-core reactor and air core reactor again.Be full of evaporative cooling medium in the oil tank of transformer, evaporative cooling medium soaks the Transformer Winding that is placed in one, transformer core and reactor fully.The condenser of transformer is divided into two kinds of air-cooled and water-cooleds.Simultaneously, condenser also can be divided into vertical (type) condenser and horizontal condenser, and vertical (type) condenser adopts discharge to link to each other with transformer body with liquid back pipe, and horizontal condenser and transformer body fuse.Transformer of the present invention has 32 kinds of versions as shown in table 1 below.
Condenser external form of the present invention is hollow cuboid or hollow square, hollow polyhedral, hollow cylinder, open circles stage body etc.Because traction transformer is installed under the compartment flat board of train, limitation in height is very strict, after adopting evaporation cooling technique, condenser has replaced the oil conservator on the conventional oil-filled transformer, is positioned on the oil tank of transformer top cover, the small space under the compartment flat board.Because the space of condenser is narrow and small, natural cooling is difficult to take away net quantity of heat, needs to adopt the mode of forcing cooling.
The evaporating, cooling and circulating system of the vertical air-cooled formula condenser that the present invention adopts is made of metal can and the sealing metal tube bank that is contained in the jar, the import and export of tube bank are outside jar is drawn in sealing, the evaporative cooling medium that circulates in the tube bank, tube bank adding the blower fan cooling, are added with fin in the tube bank and strengthen heat radiation.Between metal can and the sealing tube bank enough cooling spaces are arranged.Pressure sensor is installed, pressure switch, vacuum solenoid valve on the metal can.Link to each other with liquid back pipe by discharge between condenser and the oil tank of transformer, the discharge upper end links to each other with the cooling space of condenser, the discharge lower end links to each other with the transformer oil upper box part, and the liquid back pipe upper end links to each other with the cooling space of condenser, and the liquid back pipe lower end links to each other with the oil tank of transformer side.
The metal cavitg body that the evaporating, cooling and circulating system of the horizontal air cooled condenser that the present invention adopts is made up of five metallic plates in front, back, left, right, up constitutes, wherein be full of evaporative cooling medium, there are two before and after cavity body is outer respectively and add the blower fan cooling, be added with fin on the metallic plate and strengthen heat radiation.On the metal cavitg body pressure sensor is installed, pressure switch, vacuum solenoid valve.Directly communicate between condenser and the oil tank of transformer.
The present invention adopts the evaporating, cooling and circulating system of vertical water cooled condenser to be made of metal can and the sealing metal tube bank that is contained in the jar, and the import and export of tube bank are outside jar is drawn in sealing.The two-phase fluid of gas phase, liquid-phase mixing flows to the cooling space of condenser by discharge and the intrafascicular mobile secondary cooling water of condenser pipe of condenser inner sealing carries out heat exchange, after the two-phase fluid of gas phase and liquid-phase mixing is passed to secondary cooling water with heat, the gas of evaporative cooling medium is condensed into liquid, temperature reduces and flow back into again in the liquid back pipe by action of gravity, forms the circular flow process of going round and beginning again.Evaporative cooling medium in the container relies on self gravitation to carry out self-loopa, so do not need pump class device.The pressure sensor reflection condenser cooling space pressure of installing on the condenser can be controlled vacuum solenoid valve to regulate the evaporating temperature of evaporative cooling medium with it.Pressure switch detects the characteristics of condenser frigorimeter 1 for 32 kinds of structures of the evaporative cooling traction transformer that the present invention relates to: table 1
| Structure of transformer body | The reactor machine body structure | Reactor has or not iron core | The type of cooling of |
|
| 1 | Core type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical air-cooled |
| 2 | Core type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 3 | Core type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical water-cooled |
| 4 | Core type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 5 | Core type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical air-cooled |
| 6 | Core type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 7 | Core type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical water-cooled |
| 8 | Core type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 9 | Shell-type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical air-cooled |
| 10 | Shell-type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 11 | Shell-type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical water-cooled |
| 12 | Shell-type | Core type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 13 | Shell-type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical air-cooled |
| 14 | Shell-type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 15 | Shell-type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical water-cooled |
| 16 | Shell-type | Core type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 17 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical air-cooled |
| 18 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 19 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical water-cooled |
| 20 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 21 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical air-cooled |
| 22 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 23 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical water-cooled |
| 24 | Shell-type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 25 | Core type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical air-cooled |
| 26 | Core type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 27 | Core type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Vertical water-cooled |
| 28 | Core type | Shell-type | Do not have unshakable in one's determination | Horizontal water-cooled |
| 29 | Core type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical air-cooled |
| 30 | Core type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal air-cooled |
| 31 | Core type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Vertical water-cooled |
| 32 | Core type | Shell-type | Iron core is arranged | Horizontal water-cooled |
The limiting pressure in space, it directly controls the pressure that vacuum solenoid valve reduces the condenser cooling space.Wherein, secondary cooling water enters in the water box by water inlet pipe, flows out by outlet pipe, and the effect of pass partition is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling capacity of condenser.
The present invention adopts the evaporating, cooling and circulating system of horizontal water cooled condenser to be made of five metallic plates in front, back, left, right, up metal cavitg body of forming and the sealing metal tube bank that is contained in the cavity body, and the import and export of tube bank are outside jar is drawn in sealing.The two-phase fluid of gas phase, liquid-phase mixing directly enters condenser by oil tank of transformer, carry out heat exchange with the intrafascicular mobile secondary cooling water of the condenser pipe of condenser inner sealing, after the two-phase fluid of gas phase and liquid-phase mixing is passed to secondary cooling water with heat, the gas of evaporative cooling medium is condensed into liquid, temperature reduces and flow back into again in the oil tank of transformer by action of gravity, forms the circular flow process of going round and beginning again.Evaporative cooling medium in the container relies on self gravitation to carry out self-loopa, so do not need pump class device.The pressure sensor reflection condenser cooling space pressure of installing on the condenser can be controlled vacuum solenoid valve to regulate the evaporating temperature of evaporative cooling medium with it.Pressure switch detects the limiting pressure of condenser cooling space, and it directly controls the pressure that vacuum solenoid valve reduces the condenser cooling space.Wherein, secondary cooling water enters in the water box by water inlet pipe, flows out by outlet pipe, and the effect of pass partition is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling capacity of condenser.
The vertical water-cooled among the present invention and the pass partition of horizontal water cooled condenser can be established one, two or polylith, also can not establish.
Liquid back pipe among the present invention links to each other with the magnetic float liquid level gauge by tube connector.A pressure sensor is equipped with in the liquid level gauge lower end.
Medium of the present invention is the evaporative cooling medium that environmental requirement is stablized, satisfied in high insulation, low boiling, physical and chemical performance.
The heat exchange effect of the gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange of evaporative cooling medium of the present invention after reaching the boiling point boiling is better than the single-phase convection heat exchange of oil-filled transformer and the air heat exchange of dry-type transformer, good cooling results, and uniformity of temperature profile, there is not local hot spot, even when 2～3 times of transformer load overrates, coil temperature rise still in normal range (NR), has effectively prevented the aging of TRANSFORMER INSULATING MATERIAL, has guaranteed the electric strength of insulating material.Simultaneously, because the introducing of immersion type vapor cooling system, the current density of immersion type evaporative cooling traction transformer can reach high value, reduces thereby the coil section that needs is long-pending.Satisfied the requirement of traction transformer self lightness, miniaturization.
The present invention is when operate as normal, and transformer coil and iron core generate heat, and by conduction of heat, the evaporative cooling medium evaporation of placing in the oil tank of transformer undergoes phase transition the heat that the absorption transformer sends, cooling transformer.Be short-circuited or electric power system when breaking down at transformer,, can guarantee that transformer can not have the fireproof function in breaking out of fire under the failure condition because evaporative cooling medium has complete incombustibility.Therefore, immersion type evaporative cooling traction transformer involved in the present invention will help to improve the fail safe and the reliability of traction transformer, be with a wide range of applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one of specific embodiment of the invention, adopts the evaporative cooling traction transformer structural representation of vertical (type) condenser, core type device body, core type air core reactor.Among the figure: 10 oil tank of transformer, 20 supporting reactors, 30 Transformer Winding, 40 transformer cores, 50 bushings, 60 low-tension bushings, 70 condensers, 80 discharges, 90 liquid back pipes, 100 supports;
Fig. 2 is one of vertical air-cooled formula condenser 70 execution modes among a Fig. 1 local amplification view; Among the figure: 701 pressure sensors, 702 vacuum solenoid valves, 703 pressure switches, 704 blower fans, 705 with ribbing metal tube bank;
Fig. 3 is two a partial enlarged drawing of vertical water cooled condenser 70 execution modes among Fig. 1; Among the figure: 71 pressure sensors, 72 vacuum solenoid valves, 73 pressure switches, 706 pass partitions, 707 water inlet pipes, 708 outlet pipes, 709 water inlet boxes, 710 condensations tube bank;
Fig. 4 is two of the specific embodiment of the invention, adopts the evaporative cooling traction transformer structural representation of horizontal condenser, core type device body, core type air core reactor.Among the figure: 10 oil tank of transformer, 20 supporting reactors, 30 windings, 40 iron cores, 50 bushings, 60 low-tension bushings, 70 condensers;
Fig. 5 is one of horizontal air cooled condenser 70 execution modes among a Fig. 4 local amplification view; Among the figure: 701 pressure sensors, 702 vacuum solenoid valves, 703 pressure switches, 704 blower fans;
Fig. 6 is two a partial enlarged drawing of horizontal water cooled condenser 70 execution modes among Fig. 4; Among the figure: 701 pressure sensors, 702 vacuum solenoid valves, 703 pressure switches, 706 pass partitions, 707 water inlet pipes, 708 outlet pipes, 709 water inlet boxes, 710 condensations tube bank.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
One of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the evaporative cooling traction transformer structure of employing vertical (type) condenser, core type device body, core type air core reactor as shown in Figure 1, transformer adopting core type device body, be full of evaporative cooling medium in the fuel tank 10, its structure is identical with conventional high voltage oil immersion formula power transformer.Winding 30 and unshakable in one's determination 40 is immersed in the transformer evaporative cooling medium, and oil tank of transformer 10 sides connect bushing 50 and low-tension bushing 60, oil tank of transformer 10 and bushing 50, the sealing of low-tension bushing 60 junctions.Discharge 80 upper ends link to each other with the cooling space of condenser 70, and discharge 80 lower ends link to each other with oil tank of transformer, and liquid back pipe 90 upper ends link to each other with the cooling space of condenser 70, and liquid back pipe 90 lower ends link to each other with oil tank of transformer.The supporting reactor of transformer is the core type air core reactor.
Fig. 2 is one of vertical (type) condenser embodiment of the present invention, the structure chart of vertical air-cooled formula condenser 70, and condenser 70 adopts vertical air-cooled formula condenser, its tank body top setting pressure transducer 701, vacuum solenoid valve 702 and pressure switch 703.Blower fan 704 is positioned at the both sides, front and back of tank body, each two, is used for cooling is forced in the metal tube bank 705 that has fin.Metal is restrained 705 import and export outside jar is drawn in sealing, the circulate among evaporative cooling medium.Fin also can adopt pin rib, ball rib, saw point rib, porous rib and ripple rib except that adopting straight rib.
This structure can be applied to of the present invention each and use in the technical scheme of vertical (type) condenser.
Fig. 3 is two of vertical (type) condenser embodiment of the present invention, the structure chart of vertical water cooled condenser 70, condenser 70 adopts vertical water cooled condenser, the outer top of its tank body setting pressure transducer 701, vacuum solenoid valve 702, pressure switch 703, pass partition 706, water inlet pipe 707, outlet pipe 708, water inlet box 709 and condensation tube bank 710.Because the effect of pass partition is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling effect of condenser, so pass partition 706 can not have, one, two or polylith can be arranged also.The polylith dividing plate is parallel equally as shown in Figure 3 to be arranged.
This structure can be applied to of the present invention each and use in the scheme of vertical (type) condenser.
Two of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the evaporative cooling traction transformer structure of employing horizontal condenser, core type device body, core type air core reactor as shown in Figure 4, transformer adopting core type device body, be full of evaporative cooling medium in the fuel tank 10, its structure is identical with conventional high voltage oil immersion formula power transformer.Winding 30 and unshakable in one's determination 40 is immersed in the transformer evaporative cooling medium, and the oil tank of transformer side connects bushing 50 and low-tension bushing 60, oil tank of transformer 10 and bushing 50, the sealing of low-tension bushing 60 junctions.Condenser 70 directly communicates with oil tank of transformer.The supporting reactor of transformer is the core type air core reactor.
Fig. 5 is one of horizontal condenser embodiment of the present invention, the structure chart of horizontal air cooled condenser 70, and condenser 70 adopts horizontal air cooled condenser, its cavity body top setting pressure transducer 701, vacuum solenoid valve 702 and pressure switch 703.The metallic plate that is had fin by 704 pairs of blower fans is forced cooling.Blower fan is positioned at the metallic plate outside, and front and back respectively have two.Fin also can adopt pin rib, ball rib, saw point rib, porous rib and ripple rib except that adopting straight rib.Evaporative cooling medium is cooled in cavity body.
This structure can be applied to of the present invention each and use in the scheme of horizontal condenser.
Fig. 6 is two of horizontal condenser embodiment of the present invention, the structure chart of horizontal water cooled condenser 70, condenser 70 adopts horizontal water cooled condenser, the outer top of its tank body setting pressure transducer 701, vacuum solenoid valve 702, pressure switch 703, pass partition 706, water inlet pipe 707, outlet pipe 708, water inlet box 709 and condensation tube bank 710.Because the effect of pass partition is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling effect of condenser, so pass partition 706 can not have, one, two or polylith can be arranged also.The polylith dividing plate is parallel equally as shown in Figure 6 to be arranged.
This structure can be applied to of the present invention each and use in the scheme of horizontal condenser.
The present invention is applicable to the transformer of core type or shell-type device body, and the reactor of core type or shell-type device body, and reactor comprises iron-core reactor and air core reactor.Being full of in the oil tank of transformer 10 has evaporative cooling medium, and evaporative cooling medium soaks the Transformer Winding 30 that is placed in one, transformer core 40 and reactor 20 fully.
The present invention adopts the operation principle of vertical air-cooled formula condenser and process as follows: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, when the transformer operate as normal, the Transformer Winding 30 and the transformer core 40 of oil tank of transformer 10 produce heat because of energy loss, transformer evaporative cooling medium temperature in the oil tank of transformer 10 is raise, when temperature reached the pairing saturation temperature of internal pressure, evaporative cooling medium began to vaporize and forms the mixture of gas phase and liquid phase.The two-phase fluid of gas phase, liquid-phase mixing flows to ribbing metal tube bank 705 of condenser 70 and cools off under the effect of blower fan by discharge 80, the heat of the two-phase fluid of gas phase and liquid-phase mixing is taken away by wind, the gas of evaporative cooling medium is condensed into liquid, temperature reduces and flow back into again in the liquid back pipe 90 by action of gravity, forms the circular flow process of going round and beginning again.Evaporative cooling medium in the whole fuel tank relies on self gravitation to carry out self-loopa, so do not need pump class device.The pressure sensor 701 reflection condensers 70 cooling space pressure of installing on the condenser 70 can be controlled vacuum solenoid valve 702 to regulate the evaporating temperature of evaporative cooling medium with it.Pressure switch 703 detects the limiting pressure of condenser 70 cooling spaces, and it directly controls the pressure that vacuum solenoid valve 702 reduces condenser 70 cooling spaces, guarantees system safety operation.
The present invention adopts the operation principle of horizontal air cooled condenser and process as follows: as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, when the transformer operate as normal, the Transformer Winding 30 and the transformer core 40 of oil tank of transformer 10 produce heat because of energy loss, transformer evaporative cooling medium temperature in the oil tank of transformer 10 is raise, when temperature reached the pairing saturation temperature of internal pressure, evaporative cooling medium began to vaporize and forms the mixture of gas phase and liquid phase.The two-phase fluid of gas phase, liquid-phase mixing directly enters in the cavity of condenser 70, under the effect of blower fan, cool off, the heat of the two-phase fluid of gas phase and liquid-phase mixing is taken away by wind, the gas of evaporative cooling medium is condensed into liquid, temperature reduces and flow back into again in the oil tank of transformer by action of gravity, forms the circular flow process of going round and beginning again.Evaporative cooling medium in the whole fuel tank relies on self gravitation to carry out self-loopa, so do not need pump class device.The pressure sensor 701 reflection condensers 70 cooling space pressure of installing on the condenser 70 can be controlled vacuum solenoid valve 702 to regulate the evaporating temperature of evaporative cooling medium with it.Pressure switch 703 detects the limiting pressure of condenser 70 cooling spaces, and it directly controls the pressure that vacuum solenoid valve 702 reduces condenser 70 cooling spaces, guarantees system safety operation.
The present invention adopts the operation principle of vertical water cooled condenser and process as follows: as shown in figures 1 and 3, when the transformer operate as normal, the Transformer Winding 30 and the transformer core 40 of oil tank of transformer 10 produce heat because of energy loss, transformer evaporative cooling medium temperature in the oil tank of transformer 10 is raise, when temperature reached the pairing saturation temperature of internal pressure, evaporative cooling medium began to vaporize and forms the mixture of gas phase and liquid phase.The two-phase fluid of gas phase, liquid-phase mixing flows to the secondary cooling water that flows in the condensation tube bank 710 of the cooling space of condenser 70 and condenser 70 inner sealings by discharge 50 and carries out heat exchange, after the two-phase fluid of gas phase and liquid-phase mixing is passed to secondary cooling water with heat, the gas of evaporative cooling medium is condensed into liquid, temperature reduces and flow back into again in the liquid back pipe 90 by action of gravity, forms the circular flow process of going round and beginning again.Evaporative cooling medium in the oil tank of transformer relies on self gravitation to carry out self-loopa, so do not need pump class device.The pressure sensor 701 reflection condensers 70 cooling space pressure of installing on the condenser 70 can be controlled vacuum solenoid valve 702 to regulate the evaporating temperature of evaporative cooling medium with it.Pressure switch 703 detects the limiting pressure of condenser 70 cooling spaces, and it directly controls the pressure that vacuum solenoid valve 702 reduces condenser 70 cooling spaces, guarantees system safety operation.Wherein, secondary cooling water enters in the water box 709 by water inlet pipe 707, flows out by outlet pipe 708, and the effect of pass partition 706 is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling capacity of condenser.Because the effect of pass partition is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling effect of condenser, so pass partition 706 can not have, one, two or polylith can be arranged also.The polylith dividing plate is parallel equally as shown in Figure 3 to be arranged.
The present invention adopts the operation principle of horizontal water cooled condenser and process as follows: as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 6, when the transformer operate as normal, the Transformer Winding 30 and the transformer core 40 of oil tank of transformer 10 produce heat because of energy loss, transformer evaporative cooling medium temperature in the oil tank of transformer 10 is raise, when temperature reached the pairing saturation temperature of internal pressure, evaporative cooling medium began to vaporize and forms the mixture of gas phase and liquid phase.The two-phase fluid of gas phase, liquid-phase mixing directly enters the secondary cooling water that flows in the condensation tube bank 78 of the cooling space of condenser 70 and condenser 70 inner sealings and carries out heat exchange, after the two-phase fluid of gas phase and liquid-phase mixing is passed to secondary cooling water with heat, the gas of evaporative cooling medium is condensed into liquid, temperature reduces and flow back into again in the oil tank of transformer by action of gravity, forms the circular flow process of going round and beginning again.Evaporative cooling medium in the oil tank of transformer relies on self gravitation to carry out self-loopa, so do not need pump class device.The pressure sensor 701 reflection condensers 70 cooling space pressure of installing on the condenser 70 can be controlled vacuum solenoid valve 702 to regulate the evaporating temperature of evaporative cooling medium with it.Pressure switch 703 detects the limiting pressure of condenser 70 cooling spaces, and it directly controls the pressure that vacuum solenoid valve 702 reduces condenser 70 cooling spaces, guarantees system safety operation.Wherein, secondary cooling water enters in the water box 709 by water inlet pipe 707, flows out by outlet pipe 708, and the effect of pass partition 706 is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling capacity of condenser.Because the effect of pass partition is to increase tube side so that increase the flow velocity of water, strengthens the cooling effect of condenser, so pass partition 706 can not have, one, two or polylith can be arranged also.The polylith dividing plate is parallel equally as shown in Figure 6 to be arranged.
Transformer of the present invention is compared with oil-filled transformer, has removed oil conservater, and structure is simpler. Simultaneously, because the introducing of immersion type vapor cooling system, the current density of immersion type evaporative cooling traction transformer can reach high value, reduces thereby the coil section that needs is long-pending. Satisfy the requirement of tractive transformer self lightness, miniaturization. Adopt the condenser of hollow rectangular shape, satisfied tractive transformer requirement in height.
When the short circuit that transformer occurs, overcurrent fault and electric power system fault, because evaporative cooling medium is not flammable, can guarantee that transformer can not occur, reduce breakdown loss.
Claims (5)
1, evaporative cooling traction transformer, comprise transformer body, oil tank of transformer [10], discharge [80], liquid back pipe [90], bushing [50], low-tension bushing [60] and supporting reactor [20] that Transformer Winding [30] and transformer core [40] are formed, it is characterized in that: oil tank of transformer is full of evaporative cooling medium in [10], on oil tank of transformer [10] top, the compartment is equipped with condenser [70] in the space under dull and stereotyped, condenser [70] has vertical and horizontal two kinds of versions; Vertical (type) condenser [70] and oil tank of transformer [10] split, link to each other with liquid back pipe [90] by discharge [80] between vertical (type) condenser [70] and the oil tank of transformer [10], discharge [80] upper end links to each other with the cooling space of vertical (type) condenser [70], discharge [80] lower end links to each other with oil tank of transformer [10] top, liquid back pipe [90] upper end links to each other with the cooling space of vertical (type) condenser [70], and liquid back pipe [90] lower end links to each other with oil tank of transformer [10] side; Horizontal condenser [70] directly communicates with oil tank of transformer [10] and is connected as a single entity.
2, evaporative cooling traction transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: condenser [70] has water-cooled and air-cooled two kinds of methods for cooling and vertical water-cooled, horizontal water-cooled, vertical air-cooled formula and horizontal air-cooled four kinds of structures; Vertical air-cooled formula condenser is by metal can and be contained in interior sealing metal tube bank [705] formation of jar, and the import and export of metal tube bank [705] are restrained [705] middle circulation evaporative cooling medium outside jar is drawn in sealing; Be added with fin in the metal tube bank [705]; Fin adopts straight rib, pin rib, ball rib, saw point rib, porous rib and ripple rib; The metal cavitg body that horizontal air cooled condenser is made up of five metallic plates in front, back, left, right, up constitutes, and wherein is full of evaporative cooling medium; Be added with fin on the metallic plate, fin adopts straight rib, pin rib, ball rib, a saw point rib, porous rib and by the line rib; Outer forward and backward two cooling blowers [74] that are provided with respectively of cavity body; Vertical water cooled condenser is by metal can and be contained in jar interior sealing metal tube bank [a 705] formation; Horizontal water cooled condenser is made of five metallic plates in front, back, left, right, up metal cavitg body of forming and the sealing metal tube bank [705] that is contained in the cavity body.
3, evaporative cooling traction transformer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: condenser [70] is metal can or metal cavitg body, pressure sensor [71] is installed, pressure switch [73], vacuum solenoid valve [72] on it.
4, evaporative cooling traction transformer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the device of described transformer is as core type or shell-type, and the device of reactor is as core type or shell-type, and reactor is iron-core reactor or air core reactor.
5, evaporative cooling traction transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the evaporative cooling medium of placing in the described oil tank of transformer [10] is high insulation, low boiling, the stable evaporative cooling medium of physical and chemical performance; Evaporative cooling medium soaks the Transformer Winding that is placed in one [30], transformer core [40] and reactor [20] fully.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410103901XA CN100545963C (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Evaporative cooling traction transformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410103901XA CN100545963C (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Evaporative cooling traction transformer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1797618A CN1797618A (en) | 2006-07-05 |
| CN100545963C true CN100545963C (en) | 2009-09-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB200410103901XA Expired - Fee Related CN100545963C (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Evaporative cooling traction transformer |
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| CN (1) | CN100545963C (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101400241B (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2013-03-27 | 王玉富 | Evaporation chamber for inner container type evaporative cooling device |
| CN101388275B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2011-07-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Transformer heat exchanger adopting evaporation cooling technique |
| CN102842406A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-12-26 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Constant-pressure condenser of evaporative cooling liquid immersed transformer |
| CN103268808A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-08-28 | 国家电网公司 | Dipping type evaporative cooling transformer |
| CN104112567A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-22 | 江苏宏源电气有限责任公司 | High-heat-dissipation oil-immersed transformer |
| CN112242226A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-19 | 武汉九控电气科技有限公司 | Transformer heat dissipation casing |
| CN110491643A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-22 | 刘会明 | A kind of radiating mode of transformer |
| CN112927900A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-08 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Evaporative cooling high-frequency transformer |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1588386A (en) * | 1977-03-24 | 1981-04-23 | Gen Electric | Traction motor transformer |
| CN2230052Y (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-06-26 | 大连四铁新技术公司 | Oil cooling apparatus for main tansformer of electric power locomotive |
| CN2483812Y (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2002-03-27 | 湖南省醴陵市泰山特种变压器厂 | Combined cooler of main transformer used for electric locomotive |
-
2004
- 2004-12-30 CN CNB200410103901XA patent/CN100545963C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1588386A (en) * | 1977-03-24 | 1981-04-23 | Gen Electric | Traction motor transformer |
| CN2230052Y (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-06-26 | 大连四铁新技术公司 | Oil cooling apparatus for main tansformer of electric power locomotive |
| CN2483812Y (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2002-03-27 | 湖南省醴陵市泰山特种变压器厂 | Combined cooler of main transformer used for electric locomotive |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1797618A (en) | 2006-07-05 |
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