Sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt rotation mode to carry out the General valve sealing configuration of switch, especially be applicable to hard sealing, middle-size and small-size General valve structure Design.
Background technique
The sealability of valve and sealing reliability be valve design with make in maximum difficult point, the space of movable part is big more usually, sealing implements just difficult more.Valve seal is divided into external sealed and interior sealing, and under the situation of equivalent material and impacting force, external sealed is relevant with the forms of motion of valve operation bar, the operating stem of gate valve, stop valve is sealed into the sealing that endwisely slips, space is bigger, and external sealed just implements difficulty, and reliability is also relatively poor.The operating stem of butterfly valve, ball valve, stopcock is sealed into a rotary seal, and space is less, the valve body profile is compacter, external sealed implements and is easier to, reliability is also better.Therefore carry out valve applications more extensive of switch with rotation mode.Because the radial dimension of operating stem is less, external sealed still is easier to solve but generally speaking,, and interior sealing is because latus rectum is bigger, simultaneously in order to reduce the valve resistance behind the valve opening as much as possible, the space of movable part solves also much more difficult than big of the space of operating stem more.Following discussion is only at interior sealing, and therefore following sealing one speech is exactly only to refer to interior sealing.
Realize that the valve excellent sealing need solve the problem of three aspects, the one, make motive sealing face and static seal face good fit; The 2nd, make motive sealing face the static seal face and apply enough, uniform pressure, reach certain seal pressure; The 3rd, the automatic compensation of sealing surface wear.
For first is exactly to guarantee that motive sealing face is consistent with the shape of static seal face with sufficiently high machining accuracy, and reaches sufficiently high Location accuracy, and motive sealing face is constant substantially with the relative position of static seal face when promptly closing at every turn.
For second means that can adopt two big classes are arranged:
1, (normally the static seal face is made by elastic material to add elastic material on static seal face or motive sealing face, for example ordinary ball valve, elasticity ball valve and common butterfly valve etc.), make in this way and can't realize thirdly, be the automatic compensation of sealing surface wear, therefore wear resistance and the cutting property of scratch resistance to elastic material has very high requirement;
2, when closing, the motion of the motive sealing face of making has increment (for example stop valve, floating ball valve, Wedge gate valve, three eccentric butterfly valve etc.) in the Normal direction of static seal face, so just can exert pressure, and can realize the automatic compensation of sealing surface wear the static seal face.Following discussion just concentrates on the 2nd class means.
Because the motive sealing face of stop valve, Wedge gate valve is straight-line, (floating ball valve near sealing the time also can straight line motion) therefore makes the motion of motive sealing face have increment to realize easily in the Normal direction of static seal face.Usually this increment is compared very little with the amount of exercise of motive sealing face, so just can on sealing surface, produce bigger seal pressure with less steering force, the method is commonly referred to wedging, be following narration convenience, the method is defined as: the process that enters sealing state is " asymptotic ", and the process that breaks away from sealing state is " gradually from ".
For the purpose of clear the description, set up following system of coordinates earlier: initial point is in the geometrical center of valve.The direction that fluid passes the static seal face is a Y-axis, if operating stem perpendicular to Y-axis (for example ball valve, Wedge gate valve), the center of operating stem is an X-axis, the direction vertical with the XY face is the Z axle; If operating stem consistent with the direction that fluid passes the static seal face (for example stop valve), vertical with Y-axis is the XZ face.
The dynamic and static sealing surface of Wedge gate valve all is to be stretched along Z axle straight line by two sections straight line y=± ax+b on the XY face to form.Because:
Wherein a is a less constant, is generally a=0.01~0.15.Therefore, when motive sealing when closing direction moves, the motion of motive sealing face X-axis direction will make the straight line y of straight line y=± ax+b on the static seal face on the motive sealing face
0=± ax
0+ b " parallel asymptotic ", corresponding motive sealing face is also just parallel asymptotic to the static seal face.When material evenly, when two the plane is smooth, dynamic seal is enough firm (can not be out of shape), thisly parallelly asymptoticly will make motive sealing apply uniform pressure towards the static seal face.
Above-mentionedly can be described as double wedge by two sections Wedge gate valve that form about the straight line y=± ax+b of X-axis symmetry, also available in addition y=ax+b forms dynamic and static sealing surface with two straight lines of straight line y=-a parallel with X-axis, can be described as the single face wedge.Because double wedge is had relatively high expectations for symmetric, processing is got up complicated.And the single face wedge has a face is the plane parallel with the operating stem center line, realize high-precision processing easily, but its shortcoming be when motive sealing when closing direction moves, in motive sealing when the static seal face is exerted pressure, operating stem is also with pressurized or produce center line along the Y-axis translation, and this may will exert an influence to external sealed.
At present at operating stem and dynamic seal is rigidly connected and carry out with rotation mode in the valve of switch, have only three eccentric butterfly valve to use asymptotic means, but be not parallel asymptotic, therefore to exert pressure towards the static seal face also be uneven in the motive sealing of three eccentric butterfly valve, the automatic compensation of its sealing surface wear is also inhomogeneous, causes its part near X-axis to occur easily leaking.Because rotation class valve has other various advantages, if can realize making motive sealing parallel asymptotic the rotation of dynamic seal, will further improve the sealability of rotation class valve, and simplify valve mechanism, reduced volume towards the static seal face.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to carry out with rotation mode in the valve of switch, just can make motive sealing apply sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve enough, uniform pressure towards the static seal face with less moment of torsion.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve, comprise valve body and be arranged in the Seal cage on the runner of valve body and can be with respect to the dynamic seal of valve body rotation, the static seal face that is arranged on the runner of valve body constitutes sealing pair with the motive sealing face that is arranged on the dynamic seal, it is characterized in that: operating stem and dynamic seal are rigidly connected, sealing pair is by mutual adaptive Archimedes spiral cylinder, the motive sealing face that Archimedes spiral sphere or helicoid form constitutes with the static seal face, when dynamic seal when closing direction rotates, the motive sealing face on the sealing pair moves in parallel asymptotic mode with respect to the static seal face.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this valve combines the characteristics of ball valve, butterfly valve, allow dynamic seal rotatablely move, owing to adopted motive sealing towards the parallel asymptotic technological scheme of static seal face, motive sealing face only just has a spot of slip after fitting with the static seal face, belong to accurate harmless sealing configuration, sealability simple in structure, compact, interior can reach high-level, and external sealed solves easily.This sealing configuration both can be used for hard sealing and also can be used for soft seal, the sealing reliability height.And enough, uniform pressure can be provided with less switch moment, reach the desired seal specific pressure.Because simple in structure, compact, production and processing is easy, cost is low.Can be widely used in and require sealability height, medium two-way flow, middle-size and small-size flow, high temperature resistant, long lifetime, switch is frequent and switching speed is fast General valve structure.In addition, use its static and dynamic sealing body of valve of the valve of this design of Sealing Structure and common soft sealing structure about the same, therefore, can simply transform with the valve of common soft sealing structure fully, just it can be become hard sealing, high temperature resistant, long-life high performance valve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for adopting the erection drawing of disassembling of pillar stopcock of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view Amplified image on the YZ plane among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is for adopting the erection drawing of disassembling of ball valve of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view Amplified image on the XY plane among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is for adopting the plan view of butterfly valve of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of Fig. 5 along the A-A direction.
Spool partly the ssembly drawing of Fig. 8 for adopting slice structure spool of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of Fig. 8 along A-A line direction.
Figure 10 is the shaft side figure of the dynamic seal in the slice structure spool of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the last casting die in the slice structure spool of the present invention or the plan view of piece under pressure.
Be labeled as among the figure: valve body 1, dynamic seal 2, static seal face 3, motive sealing face 4, operating stem 5, last casting die 6, support ring 7, piece under pressure 8, elastic seal ring 9, runner 10, tubular type static seal body 11, retainer ring 12.
X shown in the figure, Y, Z are respectively the system of coordinates axle.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
According to
Form can realize parallel asymptotic, adopts polar coordinates on the YZ plane, and X is changed to θ with independent variable, and Y is changed to ρ with dependent variable, obtains
This equation is obtained Archimedes spiral ρ to independent variable θ integration
=A θ+ρ
0Make the baseline of hermetic unit with Archimedes spiral, it is just obtained Archimedes spiral cylinder (hereinafter to be referred as Ah's cylinder) along the X-axis stretching, or Archimedes spiral just obtained Archimedes spiral sphere (hereinafter to be referred as Ah's sphere) around Z axle rotation, make the static and dynamic sealing face with this cylinder or sphere, when the dynamic seal rotary closing, motive sealing face will be parallel asymptotic to the static seal face; 2, pass in the consistent valve mechanism of the direction of static seal face at operating stem and fluid, and independent variable X is changed to θ, dependent variable Y is constant, obtains
With this equation to independent variable θ integration obtain Y=±
aθ+Y
0, this is the part of cylindrical helix equation.With cylindrical helix and the rotatable generation helicoid of straight line parallel with the XZ face and the mistake Y-axis, make the static and dynamic sealing face with helicoid, in the time of can making the dynamic seal rotary closing equally, motive sealing is parallel asymptotic towards the static seal face.
Sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention is as Fig. 1~shown in Figure 11.Dynamic seal 2 is arranged in the Seal cage on the runner 10 of valve body 1 in the valve, and dynamic seal 2 can be with respect to valve body 1 rotation, and the static seal face 3 that is arranged on the runner 10 of valve body 1 constitutes sealing pairs with the motive sealing face 4 that is arranged on the dynamic seal 2.Static seal face 3 can be set directly on the valve body 1, also can be arranged on the static seal body that is tightly connected with valve body 1.Operating stem 5 is rigidly connected with dynamic seal 2, is used for dynamic seal 2 is rotated operation, realizes the switch of valve.When dynamic seal 2 when closing direction rotates, the motive sealing face on the sealing pair 4 moves in parallel asymptotic mode with respect to static seal face 3; Certainly, when dynamic seal 2 when opening direction and rotate, the motive sealing face on the sealing pair 4 with respect to static seal face 3 with parallel gradually from mode move.In the switching process of above-mentioned valve, motive sealing face 4 and static seal face 3 are keeping parallelism all the time, thereby in the process of throttle down, can make motive sealing face 4 apply uniform pressure to static seal face 3, reach the purpose of invention.
When above-mentioned motive sealing face 4 rotates with respect to static seal face 3 parallel asymptotic and parallel gradually from motion mode, can adopt multiple structural form to realize, for example, mutual adaptive Archimedes spiral cylinder, Archimedes spiral sphere, helicoid etc.Adopt the sealing configuration of said structure, can be used for the valve of existing various ways, as pillar stopcock, ball valve, butterfly valve etc.
When in pillar stopcock or ball valve, adopting sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention, in two sealing pairs of the entry end of its valve body 1 and outlet end, can adopt a motive sealing face 4 that forms by adaptive mutually Archimedes spiral cylinder or Archimedes spiral sphere to constitute sealing pair with static seal face 3, another sealing pair adopts the cylinder or the sphere of adaptive mutually standard, forms the single wedge type sealing configuration; Also can adopt two by adaptive mutually Archimedes spiral cylinder or Archimedes spiral sphere motive sealing face 4 that forms and the sealing pair that static seal face 3 constitutes, form the double wedge type sealing configuration.
When in butterfly valve, adopting sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention, dynamic seal 2 is a valve plate, the radial end face of valve plate is a motive sealing face 4, and static seal face 3 is arranged on the inner chamber circumference of valve body 1, and static seal face 3 and motive sealing face 4 are mutual adaptive Archimedes spiral sphere.
In addition, can also adopt sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention to be made into the spool of other structural type, thereby be applied to dissimilar valves.
Make for convenience, assemble and after the sealing surface excessive wear, can repair, simultaneously also in order to reduce the area of contact of dynamic and static sealing surface, thereby raising seal pressure, static seal face 3 can be arranged on the tubular type adjustable structure, the tubular type adjustable structure is made up of the tubular type static seal body 11, threaded retainer ring 12 and the elastic seal ring 9 that are slidingly matched with valve body 1.
Embodiment 1: as Fig. 1~shown in Figure 2, in the pillar stopcock, adopt sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention, its dynamic seal 2 is a cylinder, in two sealing pairs of entry end and outlet end, two sealing pairs constitute with static seal face 3 by the motive sealing face 4 that adaptive mutually Archimedes spiral cylinder forms, thereby form Ah's cylinder pillar stopcock of two-sided wedge-type structure.
When the motive sealing face 4 of the static seal face 3 of its entry end and outlet end and entry end that is complementary with it and outlet end constitutes by Ah's cylinder, as shown in Figure 2, on the valve body 1 at angle θ
1And θ
3Interval part is made of the common cylinder face, at angle θ
2And θ
4Interval part is made of Ah's cylinder; Dynamic seal 2 is at angle θ
1And θ
3Interval part is made of Ah's cylinder, at angle θ
2And θ
4Interval part is made of the common cylinder face.Valve body 1 and dynamic seal 2 upper edge Y-axis have through hole.
For improving seal pressure, reducing switch moment, the static seal face 3 of entry end and outlet end, can be arranged on the tubular type static seal body 11, tubular type static seal body 11 is made by thin walled tube, only insert in the through hole that valve bodies 1 offer along Y-axis around the tubular type static seal body 11 of runner 10, the rear end compresses and seals by elastic seal ring 9 with threaded retainer ring 12, thereby forms adjustable static seal structure.Elastic seal ring 9 can adopt O RunddichtringO etc., as shown in Figure 2.Above-mentioned this adjustable static seal structure is more convenient for making, is assembled and maintenance, and remaining part and ordinary straight pillar stopcock are same or similar, do not give unnecessary details here.
Figure 2 shows that this valve is in the state of unlatching, operating stem is 5 about 90 ° if turn clockwise, Ah's cylinder of the motive sealing face 4 on the dynamic seal 2 will be fitted with Ah's cylinder of static seal face 3, and the operating stem 5 that further turns clockwise will make 4 pairs of static seal faces 3 of motive sealing face evenly exert pressure.This structure is two-sided wedge-type structure.After closing, owing to evenly apply the power that size is identical, direction is opposite with the corresponding motive sealing face 4 of entrance point and outlet end to the static seal face 3 of entrance point and outlet end on the dynamic seal 2, this power is come self balancing by the rigidity of dynamic seal 2, so operating stem 5 does not bear other external force.
Embodiment 2: as Fig. 1~shown in Figure 2, in the pillar stopcock, adopt sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention, the static seal face 3 and the motive sealing face 4 of one side are to constitute sealing pair by the common cylinder face, the sealing pair of opposite side is made of with static seal face 3 the motive sealing face 4 that mutual adaptive Archimedes spiral cylinder forms, thereby forms Ah's cylinder pillar stopcock of single face wedge-type structure.Adopt this structure, during valve closing, operating stem 5 will bear the power that 4 pairs of static seal faces 3 of motive sealing face are exerted pressure, and during valve closing, operating stem 5 will produce a spot of lateral displacement, and this structure is processed and may be easier to.
Embodiment 3: as Fig. 3~shown in Figure 4, adopt sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention in ball valve, form Ah's sphere ball valve.Adorn two-sided wedge-type Ah's sphere ball valve among Fig. 3, Fig. 4 being, with Archimedes spiral sphere start sealing surface 4, the static seal body is made tubular type static seal body 11 by thin walled tube, on the tubular type static seal body 11 static seal face 3 is set, realize the position regulation of tubular type static seal body 11 by retainer ring 12 and being threaded of valve body 1 along Y direction, adopt elastic seal ring 9 to realize sealing between tubular type static seal body 11 and the valve body 1, remaining part is identical with ordinary ball valve.Ball-valve structure also can transform single face wedge-type structure into as embodiment 2 in addition, does not give unnecessary details herein.
Embodiment 4: as Fig. 5~shown in Figure 7, adopt sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention in butterfly valve, dynamic seal 2 is a valve plate, and the static seal body is made tubular type static seal body 11 by thin walled tube.Make baseline with the Archimedes spiral on the YZ plane, make baseline can generate Ah's sphere around the rotation of Z axle, part (using two the parts that plane cut out parallel with the XZ face) with this Ah's sphere is made the motive sealing face 4 of valve plate and the static seal face 3 of static seal body, has just generated as Fig. 5~Ah's spherical butterfly valve shown in Figure 7.Ah's spherical butterfly valve has only single face wedge-type, single sealing configuration, so operating stem is with pressure-bearing.Compare with three eccentric butterfly valve, Ah's spherical butterfly valve hermetic unit pressurized is more even, and the automatic compensation of sealing surface wear is also more even, and because valve plate is not subjected to eccentric force, its intrinsic safety is also better.
Embodiment 5: as Fig. 8~shown in Figure 11, be made into the structural type of spool for adopting sealing structure of rotating wedge-type valve of the present invention.Be sealedly connected with the tactic seal combination body that casting die 6, support ring 7 and piece under pressure 8 constitute of going up on valve body 1 inner chamber, form Seal cage between the interior edge face of the ring body inner circumference limit of support ring 7 and last casting die 6 and piece under pressure 8, be arranged on operating stem 5 on the dynamic seal 2 in the Seal cage perpendicular to the interior edge face of piece under pressure 8 and stretch out piece under pressure 8.In the sealing structure, the direction of runner 10 is consistent with the axial direction of operating stem 5.Be relatively set with on last casting die 6, piece under pressure 8 and the dynamic seal 2 along the runner 10 of operating stem 5 shaft axis circle distribution, the periphery of the runner 10 on last casting die 6 and piece under pressure 8 interior edge faces is provided with static seal face 3, two end faces of dynamic seal 2 are provided with the adaptive motive sealing face 4 of static seal face 3 and form sealing pairs, wherein the sealing pair of an end is made of helicoid, and another sealing pair is made of the plane.If two-sided wedge-type structure, the static seal face of then going up on casting die 6 and the piece under pressure 83 is made of the opposite helicoid of rotation direction respectively, if single face wedge-type structure, 3 one in the static seal face of then going up on casting die 6 and the piece under pressure 8 is made of helicoid, and another is the plane.Movable sealing face 4 is arranged on the non-runner section on the dynamic seal 2, and is the plane around the runner 10.Because single face wedge-type structure has a pair of plane that is sealed into, be easier to make.As Fig. 8, Figure 9 shows that a single face wedge-type sealing structure spare assemblying body, be in opening state, at this moment the plane of the no runner section on the motive sealing face 4 on the dynamic seal 2 and the piece under pressure 8 is corresponding, the no runner section plane contact of highest point of the helicoid on the dynamic seal 2 (being a line in theory) and piece under pressure 8, thereby and the motive sealing face on the dynamic seal 24 by the straight plane at place with the helicoid on the piece under pressure 8 collide by the straight plane at place spacing, at this moment runner on the dynamic seal 2 10 and last casting die 6, the runner 10 of piece under pressure 8 just aligns.When clockwise rotating operation bar 5, the motive sealing face 4 on the dynamic seal 2 will be parallel asymptotic to the static seal face 3 of piece under pressure 8 upper edge runners 10 arranged around.When the helicoid on the dynamic seal 2 when static seal face 3 on the piece under pressure 8 contacts, the runner 10 that the non-runner section on the dynamic seal 2 just will go up on casting die 6, the piece under pressure 8 covers.Dynamic seal 2 continues the clockwise rotation will produce uniform extruding force on the static seal face 3 on last casting die 6, the piece under pressure 8.The effect of support ring 7 is to form space dynamic seal 2 when guaranteeing to open can just rotate between last casting die 6, piece under pressure 8, and go up casting die 6 when closing, piece under pressure 8 is squeezed and can separate.