CN100538172C - Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus - Google Patents
Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus, comprise burner hearth, fire grate, coal filling hole and high-temperature gas outlet, the top that it is characterized in that the burner hearth cross section is for forming two arches that link to each other of bispin stream combustion zone, the equipped combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth of leading to, the both sides of burner hearth, the burner hearth rear portion connects the high-temperature gas outlet, the combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth both sides and the arch of roof of the furnace are preferably tangent, can set up the turbulent combustion district between burner hearth and high-temperature gas outlet.Simple in structure, volume is little, and power is big, sufficient combustion, and thermal efficiency height, energy consumption is low, and effect of coal saving is remarkable, and non-environmental-pollution thoroughly solves the pollution that caused by coal burning problem, and it is applied, and will obtain huge economic benefit and social benefit.The present invention is good with the butt joint property of existing boiler, kiln, and is both suitable newly-built, directly goes out new product, also suitable to having the transformation of Industrial Boiler and Industrial Stoves now, also can be applicable to other suitable heating field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improved coal fired combustion, be mainly used on Industrial Boiler, the kiln, belong to thermal technology's facility.
Background technology
Today, no matter human society and science and technology are how culturally advanced and highly developed, when still facing day by day exhausted energy problem, but all feel simply helpless in the presence of people, till the present far away, also can address this problem without any a kind of spendable new technology.
The report that the United Nations announced on January 24th, 1994 is announced to the world; add that according to the global mineral reserve reserves of verifying the reserves that may increase calculate; oil can also be exploited 75 years; natural gas can only be exploited 56 years, and coal can also be exploited 42 years, added increasing rapidly of world population again; living standard improves constantly again; this exploitation time limit also can descend with certain ratio number, so the latter half of 21 century, just the year two thousand fifty humanly backward will face serious traditional energy crisis.
The China's coal-mine energy is occupied an leading position, and occupies 75% of energy-consuming general layout, and it is to derive from the colliery that the industry of China has 75% fuel, and these coals that burn simultaneously also are the main causes that causes China's atmosphere pollution.
This just two problems that allow the people be concerned about occur, one is that how we live after 42 years, and the 2nd, we have burnt after all coals, and what kind of degree the environment that causes because of pollution badly can badly arrive again.
Obvious, under situation without any remedial measure, we have only the service life that prolongs the limited energy with power-saving technology and green technology, has only high-efficiency energy-saving technology truly, could embody environment protecting truly, in high-tech today, coal combustion technology but is quite to fall behind, and is a worldwide problem.
In China's national statistics in 1997,650,000 of total Industrial Boilers, the coal consumption that disappears in year reaches 600,000,000 tons, its flue dust and carbon dioxide and other discharge of poisonous waste amounts account for more than 33% of national every total amount, though the Industrial Boiler of these operations all is to implement operation under the prefecture-level energy-conservation supervision of doing with environmental protection, the supervision of this but " administrative " also must have the coupling of truly " new technology " just can receive good effect.
Above-mentioned Industrial Boiler does not comprise station boiler, scope.Though Industrial Boiler power is less, rated capacity covers a lot of type products between 1～65 ton/hour.The distribution maximum, range of application is the widest, the hot-water boiler that the resident collective heat supply that also has quantity much to organize number unobtainable is in addition used, these boilers that generally use all are the grate furnace based on fire coal basically, especially account for topmost status with the chain furnace grate furnace.
Illustrate the combustion technology situation of these existing Industrial Boilers now, the national A level boiler maker man that China is famous a bit, as Hang Zhou, Sichuan, Beijing, the Wuxi, east, Jinan, Changchun, Jiangxi, Xiang Tan, famous boiler for producing large enterprise of many families such as Wu Zhou, all there is oneself quite senior scientific research institution in their enterprise, and with domestic prestigious university, especially link directly with external famous top ivy scientific research institution, long-term cooperation, have every year the great number research funding of " burning high-tech project " to transfer to, the product of these enterprises should be that the high-tech society with today runs simultaneously.; when will buy good boiler of platform for the new enterprise that has just started in the presence of you; it is not distressed that I guess spends more money yet; road is far also not serious again, so long as high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly is not really smoldered just, the people of these large enterprises will tell you; price is surely not low; because we are by the charge of national A level qualification, but the coal-burning boiler of really not smoldering does not have, energy-efficient pollution-free on the specification is comparatively speaking.
In fact existing product does not have one not smolder indeed yet, and some producers have introduced a technology of U.S. CE company, do not smolder really, and fuel used all be light diesel fuel.The traveling-grate stoker combustion technology that adopts up to the present or Soviet Union elder brother in 1958 supports " advanced technology " that new China builds period now.Product description spells out ..., this novel product is equivalent to the XX pattern of the former Soviet Union, and another large enterprises of family then are ..., this product is that state key is promoted new product by U.S. XX university, domestic XX university, St. Petersburg, Russia polytechnical university cooperation research and development.Many tame products contrast, and the like product structure is just the same in fact.
Yet the product of these enterprises all is to have obtained international LSO quality system standard authentication, and is national freed-from-inspection product, also exports to abroad and capture certain market share.A wherein most important environmental protection index is 1 grade of the lingemann blackness grade of discharge flue gas.What does this mean? this is meant that the people just stands in and can knows in the distant place of the boiler smokestack of oepration at full load and to see the grey of emerging or the diffusion vestige of the light gray column of smoke, but definitely can not be the column of smoke of black, more can not carry carbochain hydrocarbon (being commonly called as the cigarette moth) secretly in the black smoke, so just met international standards, and must be that the fireman who passes through strict training reaches optimum operation conditions, the kind of coal and granularity also will be strict with, the standard coal blending that must provide by operational manual just can reach this criterion of acceptability.In fact from academic angle analysis, the grey of this standard or ash gray cigarette are after handling through the subsidiary engine deduster of boiler, really be the hard carbon of catching 0.2um～0.5um incessantly, add the mixed flue gas of CH gas and CO gas, this flue gas toxity maximum can form colloidal sol under the effect of sunlight, swim in the atmosphere with the form of photochemical fog throughout the year, be diffused into far place and go, this is the arch-criminal of atmosphere pollution just.And how far the bigger carbochain hydrocarbon of those pieces can not drift out without the deduster seizure yet, and just the mode with dust settles out, and what just be at physical existence is dirty and black, and intuitive ground is horrible, and it just pollutes ground and body surface near the boiler.
See through these phenomenons as can be seen, the inadequate and helpless of the mankind covered in this so-called international standard back, covering the essence that coal combustion technology falls behind.Because these pernicious gases and carbon particulate, be valuable flammable composition all, they are indispensable member's composition in the burning of coal system, after fully all oxidizing fire is emitted due chemical heat energy, become colourless, nontoxic, tasteless carbon dioxide and water vapour gas, in this coal-fired system, do not have " lingemann blackness " problem, the due emission gases that this abundant burning back forms, water white transparency with the naked eye be can't see at all fully.
Make thus to draw a conclusion:
(1) in grate firing type Industrial Boiler scope, the human efficient burning problem that does not at all solve coal, environmental protection problem is not solved at all yet.
(2) in grate firing type Industrial Stoves field, also there is same problem.
So people have found out a good method that fundamentally solves environmental issue, after with gas generator coal gas being changed into carbon monoxide, be piped to again and go burning in boiler or the kiln, like this, one cover Thermal Equipment of enterprise, need to mix again a cover gas generator in addition, and the manufacturing cost of gas generator and steel using amount, than with high times of the Thermal Equipment of power match, as a same reason, for the waste of steel, it also is indirect waste to the energy, because make steel and open a mine also is to want a large amount of consumes energy, and enterprise also will pay the acquisition cost of equipment in addition, and the equipment investment of enterprise is significantly increased.
See again in the integrated mode of this using energy source how the energy efficiently utilizes again? we know that the reaction equation of the completing combustion of coal is write like this: C+O
2=CO
2But we at first carry out imperfect combustion to coal earlier to become CO in gas burner, and then guide to and remove to finish second step burning CO+O=CO in the Thermal Equipment
2As seen, can be broken down into twice release in the chemistry of a carbon atom, half energy is to emit in gas burner, second half be the acting Thermal Equipment in emit, that is to say this head put half, that head is put half, that release of gas burner be idle work, its purpose only is that oxidation of coal is reduced into CO gas, and real acting is that carbon monoxide burns in Thermal Equipment.Add the heat exhaustion of the personal steam of gas burner, the heat radiation of the housing of equipment own and heat dissipation of pipeline loss, being translated into a proverb at last is exactly that 1 jin of coal has burnt as 3 liang.
As seen, the pattern that this using energy source pattern of gas burner is an energy waste fully, the environmental benefit that it is received be can not balance causes economic waste and energy waste.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus, sufficient combustion, thermal efficiency height, energy consumption is low, non-environmental-pollution.
Industrial Boiler of the present invention, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus, comprise burner hearth, fire grate, coal filling hole and high-temperature gas outlet, the top of its burner hearth cross section is for forming two arches that link to each other of bispin stream combustion zone, the equipped combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth of leading to, the both sides of burner hearth, the burner hearth rear portion connects the high-temperature gas outlet.
The arch with roof of the furnace that the combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth both sides is designed is tangent, help the formation of eddy flow.According to the burning needs, the combustion-supporting air port of every side can be arranged several or a plurality of.
Between burner hearth and high-temperature gas outlet, establish the turbulent combustion district, realize further fully burning of secondary.
The present invention is the improvement at combustion parts, the turbulent combustion district that comprises burner hearth and increase, the other parts of boiler and kiln can still be continued to use original getting final product, can realize compatible the butt joint with boiler and Industrial Stoves, the fire grate various fire grates that suit, comprise fixed grate, shake fire grate, traveling-grate stoker, reciprocal grate, vibrating-grate stoker etc. any, can continue to use slag-proofing box, also be anti-clinker box, this device has in conventional boiler, purpose is to prevent Yin Gaowen and softening slag is bonded on the furnace wall that refractory material forms, and this road " isolation strip " is gone up in design.Shell is welded into steel plate, and middle cavity is filled with recirculated cooling water, and is linked to be integral body with the shell and the base that install, fixes by welding, and the longitudinal length with fire grate is identical in the vertical for it.The main air chamber is arranged to the fire grate air feed, combustion air leads to the coal seam of burning through the slit of fire grate.The combustion air of both sides can be provided by a typhoon machine, and air-valve control ventilation is set.
Design principle and operation principle:
Under the effect in combustion-supporting air port, burner hearth both sides, burning in the burner hearth forms bispin stream combustion zone, be called positive eddy flow combustion zone and contrary swirl flow combustion district, can image become " left and right nostril ", two swirl flow combustion districts and middle dividing wall form the m shape, middle dividing wall can image be called " nasal septum ", this is the image name made from reference to the explanation of nose in " modern Chinese dictionary ".
In the burning running, combustion air is injected two swirl flow combustion districts from the combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth both sides with the certain speed tangent line, the direction of two " vortex " eddy flows that rotate is at a high speed controlled by septonasal guiding, on burner hearth, form the gas flow of operation relatively, the gas flow that formation goes in the same direction below two vortexs, according to " high-speed rotational fluid mechanics principle ", all combustion gas in the whole burner hearth, the capital is fettered by these two strands of eddy flows and entrainments, no matter be fuel gas, or flammable particle not of uniform size, so long as all any gas and floating things that burning produces, all will be entrainmented in these two strands of vortexs without any exception, carry out stirring at high temperature, contain the air-flow that enriches oxygen and the power of this stirring derives from one just, this just must cause strong burning and high temperature, and the material in all vortexs all will march on towards the tail end of vortex by " spiral stroke ".Burn the holdup time fully with (4) according to the enough oxygen in elemental (1) temperature, (2) of completing combustion, (3) good mixing, these 4 necessary conditions here all possess for a full due, and " incisively and vividly " that embody.
On burner hearth, have two vortexs in vain in the fierce and fluid dynamic that rotation produced at a high speed, to just producing the suction effect of drawing on the grate at burned flame and gas, the high temperature that the vortex of violent burning produces reflexes on the coal seam with photothermal form by the chimney arch on last top, these two conditions provide good condition again to the rapid burning in coal seam on the grate, the fluid dynamic of this grate and burner hearth and thermal-radiating comprehensive utilization, all be to have no to have strengthened burning routinely, highdensity like this burner hearth air-flow fullness rate, not only do not influence the normal combustion of fire bed, utilize mutually on the contrary, strengthen mutually, whole combustion conditions has been evolved into " having the carbon of the inner combination in perfect ground system and the high efficiency reactor of oxygen ", the perfect combination of this burning system, the volume of having brought up this burner is little, and power is big, the efficient height, and simple in structure, have very high power bulk density.
This high efficiency reactor, what eject is one colourless, tasteless, nontoxic high temperature gas flow, does not have the lingemann blackness problem at all, traditional saying also of " high-temperature flue gas " fallen short of the reality.
The high speed rotation of two strands of eddy flows produces another airflow route at the nasal septum infall, or claims to form the ∞ zag trajectory by the track route of larger particles, and what use does this airflow route have again to burning so?
We know that fire grate grate firing type grate firing is in running, the thinner coal dust of part is blown afloat by the combustion air under the grate, make certain dust density is arranged in the fire box, after these dust enter the high temperature vortex, in the following rotation of suspended state limit burning, thinner burns rapidly, and thicker granular mass is bigger, the quality kinetic energy of itself is also bigger, because action of centrifugal force is made high speed rotary motion in the periphery of whirlpool.Because septonasal guide effect was lost efficacy at this, the imflammable gas of lightweight continues to be subjected to center of vorticity to do to rotate as circumference, but larger particles is thrown out of by tangential direction at once, and the direction of flight is to march on towards following grate, forms air cushion but grate has continuous high-temperature flue gas upwards to gush.At this moment because particle kinetic energy is bigger, the not direction bending that can give by former center of vorticity, the result is entered by another vortices entrain again, continues the burning of next round.If still can not burn Wan, quality is still very big, then continue to repeat above process, thereby form ∞ font track route, till after-flame, " the double helix stroke " of visible this ∞ font, the route of walking is longer, the time that larger particles is detained in flame is guaranteed, so be not let slip a coal particle in the pattern of this structure.Combustion requirements is: thin burnouts immediately, and thick slowly burnouts, final purpose be all burnout till.
When two strands of high temperature eddy currents are advanced to the turbulent combustion district backward, because septonasal interruption, finished the mission of bispin stream burning, converge in the turbulent combustion district again, because the inertia of fluid, two eddy flows still rotate and tear at a high speed and are twisted together, cancel out each other between the two, collision is mutually torn again mutually again, and the result forms " little whirlpool " and some irregular air-flows of a lot of fierce rotations.The two is very high at turbulent combustion district degree of filling, this situation has further promoted oxidizing fire, if in the burner hearth of bispin stream burning, there is not after-flame to be sent drain electrode few HC and CO, also escape only this one critical point, also will in this high-temperature region, generate CO by oxidizing fire
2And H
2The dry flue gas of O ejects by the high-temperature gas outlet then.
In addition, in burner hearth, for preventing to produce too much nitrogen compound N
x, can suitably regulate operating air distribution amount, avoid too much residue oxygen, just guarantee few of excess air, these also just unavoidable some nitrogen oxide of generation and a spot of CH gas, CO gas.When these three kinds of pernicious gases after the turbulent combustion district converges, be subjected to more fierce stirring, collision, pulverizing again in this high-temperature region, the result is because the chemical property of nitrogen is not so good as the active of H and C, and carbon is again extremely active redox material, and following reaction takes place the result:
The result is that the oxygen atom of nitrogen oxide is seized by carbon and hydrogen, and nitrogen is reduced.
As can be seen, the turbulent combustion district is equivalent to the tight pernicious gas of one deck " screen pack ", and all none is processed into non-toxic gas with slipping through the net and emits through this zone the time for three kinds of pernicious gases.
Evidence, " burner hearth burn-off rate " of the present invention can reach absolutely (100%).
Behind the device start, fire coal at first enters burner hearth by coal gate, fugitive constituent is at high temperature overflowed in a large number fast, and fierce burning generation high temperature is pushed the turbulent combustion district to, temperature is the highest in the turbulent combustion district, burn while walking when entering into the turbulent combustion district when coal-fired, the fugitive constituent in the fire coal is whole destructive distillation after-flames, have become coke.We know that the burning-point of coke is than higher, wanting rapid after-flame must have high temperature, and the coke that at this moment forms just just in time is in the turbulent combustion district of high temperature, has again in the environment of sufficient oxygen at such high temperature, coke is with very fast speed after-flame, and the lime-ash of after-flame is discharged from slag notch.
According to the reference value that " Industrial Boiler study course " book provides, burning the ash content carbon that by the traditional combustion technology is 18%-20% under the operation best condition.According to on-the-spot test in many ways, more high than this numerical value in the practical operation, great majority are about 26%.
It is 3%-5% that yet this device burns the ash content carbon actual measurement that.
The burning of fugitive constituent and utilization besides, the coal blending standard that provides according to boiler factory's specification, be to use II class, III class bituminous coal, look into " boiler application manual " Industrial Boiler design representative coal tables of data of coal, on average about 38%, this is the special-purpose coal of the easily ignitable Industrial Boiler of a kind of opium big fire to the volatile content of this class bituminous coal, and clearly prompting, fugitive constituent is hydrocarbon all, is the very high light Fuel of calorific value.
But traditional coal combustion technology does not all utilize these light Fuels, but major part has all become pollutant, from the Combustion angle analysis, the energy has not only been wasted in the not all volatilizations in a large number of burning of these hydrocarbons, also can from burner hearth, take away a large amount of heat energy simultaneously, and furnace temperature is declined to a great extent, this just have significantly three uneconomical, the one, wasted the energy, the 2nd, lost temperature, the 3rd, polluted environment.
Look through all related datas, in the grate furnace combustion technology, all avoid mentioning, how many utilization rates of these fugitive constituents is, do not provide any reference data, make calls and investigate according to the accent of reality and to ask and data computation, and the combination model repetition test draws, and the fugitive constituent utilization rate of tradition stratum burner combustion technology is up to 30%～35%, as seen has 65% light Fuel to become poison gas and run away.
How should we estimate from point of theory so, the fractional energy savings of traditional grate firing technology and bispin of the present invention stream combustion technology? two kinds of combustion technologies are compared on earth, and what has the efficiency of combustion of new technology improved? what are hundred parts of ratios of economizing on coal?
Two indexs are arranged:
(1) burn-off rate of fugitive constituent, the burn-off rate of (2) lime-ash.
Calculate one:
(1) burn-off rate of fugitive constituent:
Known every unit content is 38%;
The burner hearth burn-off rate of bispin stream combustion technology of the present invention is 100%, because of fugitive constituent all is in the burner hearth internal combustion, so reach a conclusion:
Fugitive constituent burn-off rate of the present invention is 100%;
Because the fugitive constituent burn-off rate of traditional coal combustion technology is 35%;
Then every unit volatile content is: 100 * 38%=38 kilogram;
After-flame fugitive constituent of the present invention: 100 * 38%=38 kilogram;
The after-flame fugitive constituent of tradition coal combustion technology: 38 * 35%=13.3 kilogram;
Both differences are: 38-13.3=24.7 (kilogram).
The result: every double centner bituminous coal, the present invention is than 24.7 kilograms of the traditional coal combustion technology after-flame of manying fugitive constituents, and the former improves burn-off rate 65% than the latter, saves 24.7%, and after-flame fugitive constituent promptly of the present invention can be saved coal 24.7%.
Calculate two:
(2) burn-off rate of lime-ash:
Ash content carbon of the present invention is 5%;
Every unit phosphorus content 100 * 5%=5 kilogram;
Because the composition of lime-ash is the ash sum of fixed carbon and coal, tabling look-up and drawing this bituminous coal ash content is 32%, and the clean phosphorus content of coal is 68%.
Will the lime-ash that burns double centner phosphorus content 5% so with how many coals?
32%+5%=37%, 100 ÷ 0.37=270.2 kilograms;
That is: 270.2 kilograms
Lime-ash double centner (wherein phosphorus content 5%);
Total clean phosphorus content is: 270.2 kilograms * 68%=183.736 kilogram;
The carbon that does not have after-flame: 5 kilograms;
The burning surplus ratio is: 5 ÷ 183.736=2.72%;
Burn-off rate is: 100-2.72%=97.28%;
Because traditional coal combustion technology ash content carbon is 20%;
That is: 20 ÷ 183.736=10.89%;
Burn-off rate is: 100-10.89=89%;
Both differences: 97.28-89=8.28
Conclusion: the present invention needs 8.28 kilograms of many after-flames than the every burning double centner of traditional coal combustion technology coal.
Total energy-conservation number is above-mentioned two sums, that is: 24.7%+8.28%=32.98% ≈ 33%.
Burn-off rate is high more, waste just few more, and utilization rate is just high more, and corresponding just energy-conservation more, the present invention compares with traditional coal combustion technology, and same heat energy power output can save coal-fired 33%.
Though the numerical value that more than draws is 33%, in fact because fugitive constituent all is a hydrocarbon, the combustion heat value of hydrogen is big more many than carbon, and calorific value calculation such as 24.7 in the calculating formula one and carbon also have certain leeway.Traditional besides coal combustion technology will be taken away a large amount of heat energy when fugitive constituent evaporates, replenish the loss of these heat and also will burn coal more, the heat loss of this respect accounts for more than 8% of total amount of heat, so what we mentioned economizes on coal more than 33%, actual is to have the surplus more than 41% to guarantee the minimum, and certain assurance coefficient is arranged.
The present invention is simple in structure, and volume is little, and power is big, sufficient combustion, and thermal efficiency height, energy consumption is low, and effect of coal saving is remarkable, and non-environmental-pollution thoroughly solves the pollution that caused by coal burning problem, and it is applied, and will obtain huge economic benefit and social benefit.The present invention is good with the butt joint property of existing boiler, kiln, and is both suitable newly-built, directly goes out new product, also suitable to having the transformation of Industrial Boiler and Industrial Stoves now, also can be applicable to other suitable heating field.The present invention can replace gas generator fully, and can save great deal of investment and a large amount of production run cost for being the enterprise of the main means of production with combustion heat energy, has good market prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, one embodiment of the invention structural representation.
The combustion conditions operation logic figure of Fig. 2, Fig. 1.
The side view of Fig. 3, Fig. 1.
Fig. 4, the present invention are applied in the state reference map on the Industrial Stoves.
Fig. 5, traditional heating single drum bearing hot water boiler of resident collective contrast schematic diagram.
Fig. 6, the hot-water boiler structural representation that Fig. 5 is transformed.
Fig. 7, traditional two drum steam boilers contrast schematic diagrames.
Fig. 8, the steam boiler structural representation that Fig. 6 is transformed.
The brand-new boiler structure schematic diagram that Fig. 9, test are produced.
Among the figure: 1, metal shell 2, fire-resistant body of heater 3, positive eddy flow combustion zone (left nostril) 4, nasal septum 5, contrary swirl flow combustion district (right nostril) 6, combustion-supporting air port 7, right side, seam area 8, fire grate 9, main air chamber 10, Water slag-proofing box 11, combustion-supporting air port 12, left side, burner hearth 13, coal filling hole 14, turbulent combustion district 15, high-temperature gas outlet 16, burner 17 of the present invention, slag notch 18, main air chamber 19, reciprocal grate 20, fire door crossbeam 21, pull bar 22, transmission eccentric wheel 23, reducing motor 24, advance coal flashboard 25,27,28, coal-burning installation 26 of the present invention, newly add furnace wall F, F1, F2, cloth wind box.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the foregoing description accompanying drawing.
Shown in Fig. 1,3, Industrial Boiler of the present invention, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus, comprise burner hearth 12, fire grate 8, coal filling hole 13 and high-temperature gas outlet 15, the top of its burner hearth 12 cross sections is the continuous two arches of the semicircle that forms bispin stream combustion zone 3,5, the equipped combustion-supporting air port 11,6 of tubulose of burner hearth of leading to, the both sides of burner hearth 12, the combustion-supporting air port 11,6 of burner hearth both sides is tangent with the arch of roof of the furnace respectively, establishes turbulent combustion district 14 between burner hearth 12 and the high-temperature gas outlet 15.
The work operation logic as shown in Figure 2, in the burning running, combustion air is from the combustion-supporting air port 11 of burner hearth both sides, 6 inject two swirl flow combustion districts with the certain speed tangent line, the direction of two " vortex " eddy flows that rotate is at a high speed controlled by the guiding of nasal septum 4, on burner hearth, form the gas flow of operation relatively, the gas flow that formation goes in the same direction below two vortexs, all combustion gas in the whole burner hearth, the capital is fettered by these two strands of eddy flows and entrainments, carry out stirring at high temperature, enough oxygen flows must cause strong burning and high temperature, and the material in all vortexs all will march on towards the tail end of vortex by " spiral stroke ".Satisfied temperature, enough oxygen, good mixing and these 4 the clean-burning conditions of holdup time of burning fully realize fully burning.
On burner hearth 12, have two vortexs in vain in the fierce and fluid dynamic that rotation produced at a high speed, to just producing the suction effect of drawing on the grate of coal seam at burned flame and gas, the high temperature that the vortex of violent burning produces reflexes on the coal seam with photothermal form by the chimney arch on last top, these two conditions provide good condition again to the rapid burning in coal seam on the grate, the fluid dynamic of this grate and burner hearth and thermal-radiating comprehensive utilization, all be to have no to have strengthened burning, what finally eject from burner is one colourless, tasteless, nontoxic high temperature gas flow routinely.
The high speed rotation of two bursts of rotational flow gas, produce another airflow route at nasal septum 4 infalls, form the ∞ zag trajectory, thicker granular mass is bigger, the quality kinetic energy of itself is also bigger, because action of centrifugal force is made high speed rotary motion in the periphery of whirlpool, is thrown out of by tangential direction under the situation that the guiding of nasal septum 4, restriction were lost efficacy herein, the direction of flight is to march on towards following grate, forms air cushion but grate has continuous high-temperature flue gas upwards to gush.At this moment because particle kinetic energy is bigger, the not direction bending that can give by former center of vorticity, the result is entered by another vortices entrain again, continues the burning of next round.If still can not burn Wan, quality is still very big, then continue to repeat above process, thereby form ∞ font track route, till after-flame, " the double helix stroke " of visible this ∞ font, the route of walking is longer, the time that larger particles is detained in flame is guaranteed, so be not let slip a coal particle in the pattern of this structure.Finally reach: thin burnouts immediately, and thick slowly burnouts, final purpose be all burnout till.
When two strands of high temperature eddy current gases are advanced to the turbulent combustion district backward, because the interruption of nasal septum 4, finished the mission of bispin stream burning, converge in the turbulent combustion district again, because the inertia of fluid, two eddy flows still rotate and tear at a high speed and are twisted together, cancel out each other between the two, collision is mutually torn again mutually again, and the result forms " little whirlpool " and some irregular air-flows of a lot of fierce rotations.The two is very high at turbulent combustion district degree of filling, this situation has further promoted oxidizing fire, sent leakage few HC and CO if in the burner hearth of bispin stream burning, do not burn, also escaped only this one critical point, also will in this high-temperature region, be generated CO by oxidizing fire
2And H
2The dry flue gas of O ejects by the high-temperature gas outlet then.
According to operating position, can suit to select septonasal height, Height Adjustment also can make a part of combustion-gas flow also make ∞ font track route.In fact, this long stroke that goes too far is also not necessarily necessary, because will do like this, must strengthen the blast of combustion air, improves wind speed, and this certainly will will increase the electric energy consumption of blower fan.It is oversize that nasal septum can not be De Taigao because it residing be high-temperature area, sagging oversize be easy to damage drop, so should be optimized selection from whole aspect, to use effect and reliability.
As shown in Figure 4, this is a double swirl-flow combustion apparatus longitudinal sectional view of the present invention that is specifically designed to Industrial Stoves, this device can directly replace traditional fire-box of Industrial Stoves, and design power is 1.3MW (megawatt), and the highest output temperature of high-temperature gas outlet 15 is adjustable between 1300～1500 ℃.
Coal-fired coal feeding bucket from the front is added on the reciprocal grate 19 through advancing coal flashboard 24, reductor 23 drags running by motor, drive eccentric wheel 22 by catch bar 21, the moving row of pulling reciprocal grate 19 moves back and forth, and interaction forms the active force that coal is promoted to the fire grate tail end between the quiet row, and coal seam thickness is controlled by advancing coal flashboard 24.The speed of service of coal is controlled by the rotating speed of reductor 23, and the coal seam on the grate in service is burning while walking, and goes to just in time after-flame formation lime-ash of tail end, is slipped to slag notch 17 discharges through going out slag plate.
As shown in Figure 5, single drum bearing hot water boiler, model is DZLW1.4, is used for the heating of resident living area collective, rated power is 1.4MW.This boiler is the New Product that each cauldron factory of the whole nation is promoting at present, and has passed through the international quality authentication of ISO9001.What the hot spots of this boiler was used is traditional chain furnace grate structure, slags tap automatically, goes up coal automatically, and mechanization degree is higher.
For energy-conservation and environmental protection, utilize bispin stream combustion technology of the present invention that this boiler is transformed, improvement project is not stirred a finger to the pressure restraining element of boiler in strict accordance with the relevant regulations of country, only its combustion parts is implemented to transform.
The transformation situation as shown in Figure 6, increase by a furnace wall 26 at the rear portion, 1 meter of burner hearth burning zone longitudinal length lengthening, the version of cross section is pressed the form of Fig. 1, and the actual connection dimension of pressing corresponding boiler is made monolithic case, material is welded with the general steel plate of 10mm thickness and makes cast inner tube of a tyre template, solidifies with the moulding of fire-resistant pouring material disposal pouring and carries out the scene installation after 24 hours." ride over " on the traveling-grate stoker integral body of double swirl-flow combustion apparatus of the present invention and sealing and fixing by the tactic pattern of Fig. 1, front and back two plugs are made supporting flange with the shape periphery extension certain size of Fig. 1, the front with add coal bunker and be connected, the back is connected with pot stove front face steel plate, and the front and back flange connections seals with the alumina silicate fibre Nomex.
Positive eddy flow combustion air and contrary eddy flow combustion air, each is with the three-phase blower fan of a 380V/1Kw, and by burner hearth both sides cloth wind box air feed separately, the structure of cloth wind box is that air quantity is distributed with dividing plate in inside, and controls total blast volume with air-valve.
Other operation sequences after the boiler improvement are preceding the same with transformation, without any change.
As shown in Figure 7, the two drum steam boilers of SZL4 type, per hour rated capacity is 4 tons, and specified steam pressure 1.25MPa, this model boiler are that present China emphasis is promoted new product.This model boiler power is bigger, and volume is also bigger, and resembling constructs Fig. 6 acquires a certain degree of difficulty, so adopt traveling-grate stoker to remain untouched, 2 meters arrangement and method for construction extends.Chain one is had a try and is equaled to have extended 1 meter length like this, and the portion of chain of lengthening is bought to producer.The making shell of double swirl-flow combustion apparatus of the present invention also is by 1 meter of length certainly, and concrete manufactured size is pressed the actual size of boiler and implemented to rationalize the butt joint installation, front and back two plug adpting flanges, and use the fire-resistant fiber knit felt seal.Repacking is completed later structure as shown in Figure 8.
As shown in Figure 9, test specimen of the present invention, traveling-grate stoker, other appropriate section is identical with Fig. 1, Fig. 8 respectively, and is functional.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus, comprise burner hearth, fire grate, coal filling hole and high-temperature gas outlet, the top that it is characterized in that the burner hearth cross section is for forming two arches that link to each other of bispin stream combustion zone, the equipped combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth of leading to, the both sides of burner hearth, the burner hearth rear portion connects the high-temperature gas outlet.
2, Industrial Boiler according to claim 1, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus is characterized in that the arch of the combustion-supporting air port of burner hearth both sides and roof of the furnace is tangent.
3, Industrial Boiler according to claim 1 and 2, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus is characterized in that being provided with the turbulent combustion district between the outlet of burner hearth and high-temperature gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101042619A CN100538172C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101042619A CN100538172C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus |
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| CN1763426A CN1763426A (en) | 2006-04-26 |
| CN100538172C true CN100538172C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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| CNB2005101042619A Expired - Fee Related CN100538172C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Industrial Boiler, kiln double swirl-flow combustion apparatus |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100394105C (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-06-11 | 王树洲 | Coal firing equipment with single rotational flow |
| CN100394103C (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-06-11 | 王树洲 | Smokeless, coal saving type heat transfer oil stove with large mechanical fire grate |
| CN100394102C (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-06-11 | 王树洲 | Pure smokeless, coal saving type heat transfer oil stove with external combustion and inner rotational flow |
| CN100394104C (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-06-11 | 王树洲 | Smokeless, coal saving type heat transfer oil stove with outer single rotational flow |
| CN100402923C (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-07-16 | 王树洲 | Smokeless, coal saving type horizontal heat transfer oil stove with mechanical fire grate |
| CN107490297A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-19 | 梁善良 | Kiln roof construction and kiln |
| CN111140845A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-12 | 胡光 | Wind pipe type automatic slag-discharging combustion device |
| CN111623345B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-07-08 | 杨英 | Multi-front-arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove |
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| CN1763426A (en) | 2006-04-26 |
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