CN1005285B - Bakeout furnace for electrode bar - Google Patents
Bakeout furnace for electrode bar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1005285B CN1005285B CN86105225.0A CN86105225A CN1005285B CN 1005285 B CN1005285 B CN 1005285B CN 86105225 A CN86105225 A CN 86105225A CN 1005285 B CN1005285 B CN 1005285B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- oven
- refractory lining
- cooling chamber
- connecting plate
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010063045 Effusion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007773 growth pattern Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/06—Electrodes
- H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
- H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
- H05B7/09—Self-baking electrodes, e.g. Söderberg type electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention relates to a baking furnace for continuous production of elongated carbon bodies having uniform cross section, the baking furnace being intended to be moved continuously or substantially continuously in relation to a casing containing unbaked carbonaceous electrode paste with a speed which corresponds to a preset baking speed for the carbon body. The baking furnace comprises an outer steel shell (5) and a refractory lining (6) arranged on the inside of the shell (5), said refractory lining (6) defining a combustion chamber (7). A cooling chamber (16) is arranged between the upper part of the refractory lining (6) and the casing (3). Above the cooling chamber there is provided gas sealing means (23). An off-gas channel (11) is arranged below the refractory lining (6).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of oven, can be used for continuous production has prismatic elongated carbon rod basically, for example is used for carbon electrode, the pad of electric power smelting furnace, the anode that uses in the electrolysis tank of aluminum products and cathode element or the like.The cross section of elongated carbon rod can have circle, rectangle or other different shape.
People have known a kind of method of producing elongated carbon rod, can stick with paste the carbonaceous electrodes of the unbaked that includes carbon raw material and carbon adhesive and be baked into solid carbon continuously.At first, the electrode paste of unbaked is filled in the housing, the cross section of this housing adapts with the cross section of the carbon rod that will produce.Then, make housing pass through an oven continuously or substantially continuously downwards, the heat energy of oven just heats it.People also know, use perforated shell, and therefore, the gas that the electrode paste heating time is produced flows to the oven and burnedly falls from electrode.
As can be seen, the gas that heating electrode was produced when sticking with paste flows into after the oven by the housing eyelet, on the top of oven, enters the position of oven in that cold electrode housing that cold electrode sticks with paste is housed, and these gases have the trend of condensation.These all are carbonized on the top of oven at last by the condensate that a large amount of various hydrocarbon fractions is formed, and slowly are piled into the hard carbide of one deck, have in the near future just filled up the annular space between oven and the electrode shell fully.As a result, after oven turns round a few weeks longer, just impossible mobile shell, thus electrode is moved with respect to oven.Therefore, just the growth pattern that must observe the hard carbide of this layer on oven top must stop baking processing in the regular hour constantly, and the dismounting oven is removed this carbide lamella.During removing carbide lamella, the baking zone of carbon rod cools down, and has caused the inhomogeneities of elongated carbon rod.
If oven is direct and the cold furnace of electric power connects, be used to produce the carbon electrode that directly is used in the smelting furnace, so, during the carbide lamella in removing oven, just must stop the running of smelting furnace.Cause smelting furnace to reduce output, in addition, when the electrode that comprises above-mentioned inequality partly enters smelting furnace, also exist the very big danger of lead rupture.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oven, it can prevent that hard carbide is deposited in the top of oven.
Another object of the present invention is: a kind of effective gas sealing is provided between electrode shell and oven top, avoids gas to leak into the surrounding environment from oven.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of oven, be used for continuous production and have prismatic elongated carbon rod basically, this oven moves with respect to carbon rod serially or substantially continuously, and the giving of its translational speed and carbon rod decided baking speed and adapted.
According to the present invention, oven comprises the outer furnace shell of steel and is contained in the furnace lining of furnace shell inside.Define the combustion chamber in the furnace lining, the combustion chamber is centered around the carbon rod outside that is produced.Between the top of refractory lining and housing, cooling chamber is housed.The combustion chamber is stretched in the bottom of cooling chamber, and then stretch out on the refractory lining of combustion chamber on its top, and gas-tight sealing is housed on it.Arrange to have passage in the bottom, combustion chamber, so that discharge the waste gas of combustion chamber.
The inner passage that cooling chamber preferably has circulating cooling medium to use.Guide ring is housed on cooling chamber, leads during by oven, also have gas-tight sealing, prevent that gas from letting out from the combustion chamber at carbon rod.Gas-tight sealing preferably includes a flexible lining ring that is installed in down between vertical bead and the last vertical bead, and following vertical bead is connected to one on the plate at cooling chamber top, goes up vertical bead and then is connected on another piece plate.Distance between the upper and lower bead can be regulated with several bolts, thereby can regulate the degree that lining ring is held carbon rod tightly.
Other embodiment of the present invention, from hereinafter with the narration of claim just can be clearer.
Further describe oven of the present invention now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, represented optimum implementation of the present invention in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the vertical sectional view of oven of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the local amplification view of Fig. 1.
Shown in Figure 1 is the oven 1 of producing elongated carbon barred body 2 usefulness.Oven centers on the housing 3 of carbon barred body 2 and arranges.The cross section of housing 3 and the cross section of carbon rod adapt.
The carbonaceous electrodes of unbaked sticks with paste 4 by carbonaceous material with contain that carbon binder forms, and it is inserted in the housing 3.Baking electrode paste 4 is baked into solid carbon 2 with it in oven 1.Housing 3 is the (not shown) of porous preferably, flows in the oven so that the gas of being emitted when heating electrode is stuck with paste can see through eyelet.
Oven 1 comprises shell 5 and limits the refractory lining 6 of combustion chamber 7.Combustion chamber 7 is by at least one burner 8, and burning solid, liquid or gaseous fuel wait and be heated to required baking temperature.The configuration of single or multiple burners 8 is best tangent with combustion chamber 7.Burner 8 has fuel supply pipe 9 and combustion air supply pipe 10.Be provided with passage 11 below refractory lining 6, in order to waste gas is discharged from oven 1, waste gas is extracted out by flue gas leading 12 from passage 11.Valve 13 is housed, the exhausted air quantity that scalable is discharged in the oven in flue gas leading 12.
Passage 11 has centre bore, and its diameter is a bit larger tham the carbon rod 2 that is toasted.Therefore, a slit 14 is arranged between the housing 3 of passage 11 and carbon rod 2.When oven 1 operation, surrounding air sucks slit 14, causes sealing, makes unlikely 14 effusions from the slit of gas in the combustion chamber 7.
Top 15 at the refractory lining 6 of oven 1 has the aperture, and housing 3 is from wherein passing through.The cross sectional dimensions in this aperture is a bit larger tham the cross sectional dimensions of housing 3.In the top 15 and the cannelure between the housing 3 of refractory lining 6, cooling chamber 16 is housed, coolant circulates within it.Cooling chamber 16 is equipped with the supply pipe 17 of coolant and discharges 18.Coolant is water preferably.Cooling chamber 16 can segmentation, and every section is equipped with the inwall (not shown), guarantees the proper flow of coolant in cooling chamber 16.
When cooling chamber 16 is installed, make the bottom on the top 15 of its bottom and refractory lining 6 be in sustained height approximately, as shown in Figure 1.The height that cooling chamber 16 protrudes upward is positioned on the upper end on top 15 of refractory lining 6 at least.
Cooling chamber 16 is placed on the shell 5 by annular slab 20, and annular slab 20 is fixed with bolt 21 and shell 5 again.
Directly link if be used to toast the oven 1 of carbon electrode rod, so, between the shell 5 of oven 1 and annular slab 20, preferably embed insulation board 25 with the electric power smelting furnace.
On cooling chamber 16, a guide ring 22 made from round iron or other analog is housed.The purpose of guide ring is that housing is led with respect to oven.Gas check 23 is equipped with on the top of guide ring 22, lets out between housing 3 and oven 1 in order to prevent gas.
Fig. 2 amplifies and has represented gas check 23.Gas check 23 includes bottom annular plate 24, can be fixed on the cooling chamber 16.Connect two vertical annular flange 26 and 27 on the plate 24.A flexible lining ring 28 made from materials with high melting point is housed between bead 26 and 27.The upper end of lining ring 28 is installed between vertical two annular flange 29 and 30, and bead 29 and 30 is connected on second annular slab 31.The a plurality of bolts 32 that have handle 33 of second annular slab, 31 usefulness are fixed on the bead 26.Turning handle 33 can be regulated the distance between first annular slab 24 and second annular slab 31, just can make flexible liner circle 28 become tight or fluffs.Turning handle 33, can be on the periphery of housing 3 local modulation lining ring 28.
In construction, oven 1 continuously or basically moves continuously with respect to housing 3, and the giving of its relative velocity and carbon rod 2 decided baking speed and adapted.When the housing 3 that does not toast electrode paste 4 being housed entering oven 1, electrode paste is heated, and becomes liquid, is dried into solid carbon then.
In bake process, electrode paste is emitted carbonaceous gas.Eyelet on these gas permeation housings 3 flows in the oven, and the combustion air that most of gas is infeeded in the oven burns rapidly.
But, the cooling zone 19 bottom the vertical component of cooling chamber 16, because the ringing of coolant in the cooling chamber, the temperature in this district remains on below 400 ℃, therefore a part of gas condensation here.The temperature range of baking vessel is 700-1300 ℃, and therefore, a part of gas that contacts with cooling zone 19 will condensation.Because near the regional temperature the cooling chamber 16 is very low, the gas of condensation can carburet.So the gas of condensation just drops onto in the combustion chamber and goes, and burned immediately.Cooling chamber also makes the gas in the annular space that is between housing 3 and the cooling chamber keep low temperature.Therefore, lining ring 28 is protected, avoid being exposed among the high temperature, thus the useful life of having improved lining ring.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of oven, use furnace life of this stove is very long, can not produce the caused difficulty of char-forming material accumulation horizon during running.In addition, can obtain good air seal between carbon rod and the oven, therefore, significantly reduce pernicious gas and leaked into the possibility of going the surrounding environment from oven.
Claims (6)
1, a kind ofly be used for producing continuously oven with prismatic elongated carbon rod, this oven is moved continuously or substantially continuously with respect to a housing that contains the carbon electrode paste of not baking, the giving of speed that it moves and carbon rod decided baking speed and adapted, this oven comprises outside steel furnace shell and is contained in the refractory lining of furnace shell inside, above-mentioned refractory lining defines the combustion chamber, the invention is characterized between the top (15) of refractory lining (6) and the housing (3) cooling chamber (16) is housed, gas-tight sealing (23) is housed above the cooling chamber (16), and exhaust steam passage (11) is equipped with in the bottom of refractory lining (6).
2,, it is characterized in that the bottom on the top (15) of the position of bottom (19) of cooling chamber (16) and refractory lining (6) is in same vertical height according to the oven of claim 1.
3, according to the oven of claim 1, it is characterized in that cooling chamber (16) above the guide ring (22) that housing (3) is led is housed.
4, oven according to claim 1: it is characterized in that gas-tight sealing (23) comprises a flexible lining ring (28), first connecting plate (24) and second connecting plate (31); First connecting plate has two at interval the vertically extending down annular flange (26,27) that make progress; Second connecting plate has two at interval last annular flange (29,30) of extending downward vertically; Flexible lining ring (28) lower end is installed between twice vertical annular flange, and its upper end is installed on two between vertical annular flange, and the distance between first connecting plate and second connecting plate can be regulated.
5,, it is characterized in that the distance between bead (29,30) and the following bead (26,27) is regulated with bolt (32) according to the oven of claim 4.
6,, it is characterized in that oven has a burner (8) with burning solid, liquid or the gaseous fuel of the tangent configuration in combustion chamber (7) at least according to the oven of claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO853320A NO157078C (en) | 1985-08-22 | 1985-08-22 | Electrode baking oven. |
| NO853320 | 1985-08-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86105225A CN86105225A (en) | 1987-02-18 |
| CN1005285B true CN1005285B (en) | 1989-09-27 |
Family
ID=19888440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105225.0A Expired CN1005285B (en) | 1985-08-22 | 1986-08-13 | Bakeout furnace for electrode bar |
Country Status (30)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS6246184A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1005285B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU582008B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE905309A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8603977A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1289311C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH671667A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS274280B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD248862A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3626889A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2001112A6 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI82309C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2586472B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2179727B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR862165B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN168474B (en) |
| IS (1) | IS1349B6 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1197849B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX168408B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL187331C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO157078C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ217238A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH22714A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL153132B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT83207B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE462313B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1440358A3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR22597A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU44926B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA865788B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100365208C (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2008-01-30 | 瓦克聚合***两合公司 | Use of silane-functional polyvinyl alcohols in priming agents for separating papers and films |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8811140U1 (en) * | 1988-09-03 | 1988-10-13 | Wilkinson Sword Gmbh, 5650 Solingen, De | |
| IT1243899B (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1994-06-28 | Elkem Technology | PROCEDURE AND MEANS FOR THE CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF COAL BODIES. |
| FR2656361B1 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-04-30 | Manouvrier Pierre | WALL WITH VARIABLE GEOMETRY. |
| EP2779790B1 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2016-04-27 | Denka Company Limited | Self-baking electrode upper-end detection apparatus and self-baking electrode upper-end management method |
| WO2019233549A1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-12 | Rheinfelden Carbon Gmbh & Co. Kg | Self-baking electrode |
| CN109297851B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Simulation experiment device and test method for high-temperature calcination reaction of fixed bed |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2090693A (en) * | 1934-12-28 | 1937-08-24 | Carborundum Co | Method of graphitizing carbon bodies |
| FR1510840A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1968-01-26 | Kaiser Ind Corp | Process for the preparation of a continuous electrically conductive element |
| FR2534240A1 (en) * | 1982-10-06 | 1984-04-13 | Savoie Electrodes Refract | CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR GRAPHITIZING LONG CARBON PRODUCTS AND OVEN FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| CS276710B6 (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1992-08-12 | Elkem As | Process of continuous manufacture of elongated carbon bodies |
-
1985
- 1985-08-22 NO NO853320A patent/NO157078C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-07-15 IS IS3127A patent/IS1349B6/en unknown
- 1986-07-31 FR FR8611112A patent/FR2586472B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-01 ZA ZA865788A patent/ZA865788B/en unknown
- 1986-08-01 FI FI863158A patent/FI82309C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-06 IT IT21427/86A patent/IT1197849B/en active
- 1986-08-07 CH CH3190/86A patent/CH671667A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-08 DE DE19863626889 patent/DE3626889A1/en active Granted
- 1986-08-13 CN CN86105225.0A patent/CN1005285B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-14 PT PT83207A patent/PT83207B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-15 YU YU1445/86A patent/YU44926B/en unknown
- 1986-08-15 NL NLAANVRAGE8602085,A patent/NL187331C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-18 NZ NZ217238A patent/NZ217238A/en unknown
- 1986-08-19 PH PH34158A patent/PH22714A/en unknown
- 1986-08-20 PL PL1986261089A patent/PL153132B1/en unknown
- 1986-08-20 MX MX003494A patent/MX168408B/en unknown
- 1986-08-20 BR BR8603977A patent/BR8603977A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-20 SE SE8603514A patent/SE462313B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-20 GB GB8620241A patent/GB2179727B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-20 CA CA000516387A patent/CA1289311C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-08-20 GR GR862165A patent/GR862165B/en unknown
- 1986-08-21 SU SU864027979A patent/SU1440358A3/en active
- 1986-08-21 DD DD86293771A patent/DD248862A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-21 BE BE0/217070A patent/BE905309A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-21 ES ES8601247A patent/ES2001112A6/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-21 CS CS613186A patent/CS274280B2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-22 TR TR35659A patent/TR22597A/en unknown
- 1986-08-22 AU AU61683/86A patent/AU582008B2/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-22 JP JP61195740A patent/JPS6246184A/en active Granted
- 1986-08-22 IN IN679/MAS/86A patent/IN168474B/en unknown
- 1986-08-22 JP JP61195739A patent/JPS6247988A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100365208C (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2008-01-30 | 瓦克聚合***两合公司 | Use of silane-functional polyvinyl alcohols in priming agents for separating papers and films |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |