CN100527139C - Ultra-precise cutting knife selection method - Google Patents
Ultra-precise cutting knife selection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100527139C CN100527139C CNB2007100583452A CN200710058345A CN100527139C CN 100527139 C CN100527139 C CN 100527139C CN B2007100583452 A CNB2007100583452 A CN B2007100583452A CN 200710058345 A CN200710058345 A CN 200710058345A CN 100527139 C CN100527139 C CN 100527139C
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultraprecision machining and complex part manufacturing and relates to a method for selecting ultraprecision turning tools. The method comprises the following procedures: a plurality of sectional curves for a machined surface are selected with rotating section analysis or according to the geometry of the machined surface; the solution is found, and with the sector of sectional curve method, the minimum blade arc radian value for machining each curve is solved; the depressed regions of each curve are searched and the solution for radii of the depressed regions is conducted with the method of circle fitting to obtain the maximum blade arc radius value of each curve; the minimum blade arc radian value and the maximum blade arc radius value of each sectional curve are compared, and the blade arc radian of a turning tool to be selected is confirmed according to the largest minimum blade arc radian value and the blade arc radius of the turning tool to be selected is confirmed according to the lowest maximum blade arc radius value; the turning tool is selected. The turning tool selecting method provided by the invention can reduce or avoid the problem of machining interference brought by improper turning tool selection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultraprecise and micro-processing technology field, relate to a kind of system of selection of ultraprecise process tool.
Background technology
Ultraprecise that grew up in the last few years and micro-processing technology have extremely strong radiation effects, are widely used in the manufacturing of the ultraprecise of every field and small Primary Component, as fields such as biologic medical, Aero-Space, national defence, optics, communication, microelectronics.The exploitation of it each application technology all can bring the new leap of application to a certain extent, thereby promotes the update of product.In view of these reasons, China is taked strict blockade on new techniques abroad, core technology maintains complete secrecy.
In machining, the interference problem of processing will cause the destruction of work piece shape, even cause the breakage of diamond cutter and the machining precision of reduction lathe itself.Therefore, consider that from the angle of lathe safe operation and raising machining precision it is very important that the correct design machining path avoids interfering effect.In addition, process for complex free curved surface, select correct process tool also to be very important according to the processing pattern, because, if initial cutter parameters does not satisfy complex-curved pattern demand at all, in any case carry out the optimal design of machining path, the generation of interference is also can hardly be avoided.In this sense, in ultraprecise process, carrying out that correct cutter selects be primarily finishing of task.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of method that reduces or avoid the ultra-precise cutting interference effect from the aspect of selecting for use of cutter, this method synthesis has been considered the shape characteristic of processing curve, can guarantee that cutter can meet curved surface features to greatest extent, be applicable to that the cutter of free form surface ultraprecise processing is selected.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for this reason: a kind of ultra-precise cutting knife selection method comprises the following steps:
(1) adopts spin crossover analytic approach or, select the cross section curve of or one or more finished surface according to the geometric configuration of finished surface;
(2) determine the curvilinear equation of selected each bar cross section curve respectively;
(3) to each curvilinear equation, find the solution respectively and utilize the cross section curve normal vector, find the solution the minimum blade circular arc radian value of each curve of processing;
(4) search the sunk area of each curve, and use the circle fitting method that the radius of sunk area is found the solution, obtain the maximum blade arc radius value of each curve;
(5) minimum blade circular arc radian value and the maximum blade arc radius value of execution (2) to resulting each cross section curve of (4) step compared respectively, according to wherein maximum minimum blade circular arc radian value, the definite blade circular arc radian that will select cutter, according to wherein minimum maximum blade arc radius value, determine to select the blade arc radius of cutter;
(6) blade circular arc radian and the blade arc radius of determining according to step (5) selected cutter.
Above-mentioned ultra-precise cutting knife selection method, step (3) can be carried out by following method: to every curve, parametrization equation differentiate rule is found the solution the derivative of curvilinear equation; Each processing stand on the traversal curve, find the solution each processing stand normal vector and with the angle of machining spindle, each angle of being tried to achieve is compared, obtain the angle maximal value, this value promptly is the minimum blade circular arc radian value of this Processing Curve.
Step (4) can be carried out by following method: to every curve, the cosine value of the angle value of employing normal to curve and machining spindle carries out sunk area and searches, traversal whole piece curve is justified match to the data of determined each sunk area, determines the radius of each sunk area; The radius of more determined each sunk area finds its maximal value, and this value promptly is the maximum blade arc radius value of this curve.
Can determine sunk area according to the following step:
(1) symbol of the cosine of regulation normal to curve and z axle forward angle value;
(2) find the solution the cosine value of whole piece curve, and all cosine values are searched judgement in proper order;
(3) when cosine value symbol generation saltus step, write down this point;
(4) search to the curve both sides from this point, search two trip points nearest respectively in both sides apart from this point;
(5) point in two trip point scopes that found on all curves belongs to same sunk area.
The present invention has following significant advantage:
(1) utilizes the limit value of the finished surface morphology analysis being determined Tool in Cutting face parameter, realize the cutter selection, thereby reduce or avoid selecting the problem of the improper machining interference of bringing by cutter.
(2) the present invention searches the challenge simplification of the curvature and the sunk area feature of three-dimension curved surface, makes it change the problem of finding the solution some cross section curve curvature and sunk area feature into.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 diamond cutter face of tool model;
Fig. 2 spin crossover analytic approach synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 tool arc radian system of selection synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 sunk area is determined synoptic diagram;
The minimum blade circular arc of Fig. 5 cross section curve radian distribution curve;
Fig. 6 cross section curve sunk area match circle and radius.
Embodiment
The single-point diamond Tool in Cutting looks like shown in Figure 1, and the parameter on the face of tool is corner radius r
0, tool arc radian χ
0The finished surface pattern of diamond super precision turning itself has comprised the feature that these two parameters are limited.The tool arc radian is subject to the curvature feature of machined surface; Corner radius then is subject to processing the restriction of face sunk area feature, if the sunk area radius is too little with respect to arc radius, then has the possibility of machining interference.
(x, processing model y) are unusual difficulties if directly search the curvature of curved surface and sunk area feature at three dimensions, propose here to use the spin crossover analytic approach to carry out finding the solution of above two amounts to processing model for any free form surface z=f.Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of spin crossover analytic approach.Model is blocked by some straight lines of crossing the axle center, extracts the curved profile of curved surface on each cross section respectively, and these curves are analyzed, and can obtain required parameter at an easy rate; And when the quantity of cutting apart the cross section is abundant, just can analyze the feature of whole processing curve fully.Therefore, having carried out the extraction problem of curved surface features being extracted problem with regard to having become to curvilinear characteristic after the cross section cuts apart, below the curvilinear characteristic extraction step is described in detail.
1. ask for the cross section curve expression formula
In order to be consistent with the turning cooked mode, need (x, y z) describe and transfer polar form to, obtain at lathe coordinate system the Cartesian coordinates of free form surface
Under equation, promptly utilize the polar coordinates transfer equation
Obtain equation
When selected angle is
The time cross section curve the time, the curve representation formula is,
R wherein
0Be workpiece radius.
2. the selection of tool arc radian
Utilize parametrization equation differentiate rule, find the solution the derivative of curvilinear equation
This curve is being added man-hour, and it is tangent that face of tool tool arc and curve keep constantly, when the Processing Curve diverse location, need use the tool arc zones of different to process in order to keep tangent relation, as shown in Figure 3.Therefore, add man-hour carrying out the curve point, place, point of contact normal vector is crossed the tool arc center, and the angle γ of normal vector and machining spindle z axle is corresponding to the radian χ in point of a knife somewhere,
And this radian value be cutter the minimum curvature that should satisfy.Travel through each processing stand on the curve, obtain the γ value of each point, wherein maximal value γ
MaxBe the minimum tool arc radian χ that cutter should have
Min, promptly satisfy χ 〉=χ
MinThe time, cutter can be competent at the processing to this curve.
3. the selection of corner radius
At first, find the curve sunk area, and the scope of definite sunk area.Here adopt the cosine cos γ of curve method vector sum main shaft angle value to search.At first, the symbol of regulation cos γ,
The sunk area scope is searched according to following steps: (1) as shown in Figure 4, the variation of from '-' to '+' takes place at the curve sunk part in cos γ value, the note trip point is J; (2) search to the curve both sides from J, the trip point J of two cos γ size variation is arranged
1And J
2(3) be taken at ρ upwards the point nearest apart from the J point be an end points e of sunk area
1, and note e
1Point is d to the distance of J
h(4) opposite side of ordering at J finds apart from the J point and is similarly d
hPoint, be defined as another end points e of sunk area
2Like this from e
1To e
2Point in the scope on all curves all is a sunk area.
Data to sunk area are justified match, determine the radius R of sunk area.Approximating method can be selected that formula (7) is carried out least square and find the solution.
(ρ-ρ
0)
2+(z-z
0)
2＝R
2 (7)
The radius value of sunk area has determined the greatest measure that corner radius should have.Obtain sunk area radius on the whole piece curve by above method, and find its maximal value R
Max, the maximum corner radius value r that it should possess when being this curve of processing
Max, promptly cutter should satisfy r＜r
MaxThe competent processing of Shi Caineng to this curve.
Comprehensive above method is carried out same analysis to the abundant cross section curve of curved surface respectively, obtains processing every cutter parameters that curve is required, promptly minimum blade circular arc radian χ
MinWith maximum blade arc radius value r
MaxAccording to spin crossover analytic approach principle, add up these numerical value can obtain the process tool face of tool the condition that should possess, realize Selection of Cutting.
In specific implementation process, a free form surface z=sin (0.3x) cos (y) is analyzed, Fig. 5 is to this free form surface
Cross section curve is tried to achieve minimum blade circular arc radian distribution curve, can draw χ through statistics
Min=58.78 °.Again maximum blade arc radius value is found the solution, draw r
Max=1.317mm; Fig. 6 has shown the match circle diagram shape of cross section curve sunk area.
Claims (4)
1. a ultra-precise cutting knife selection method comprises the following steps:
(1) adopts spin crossover analytic approach or, select the cross section curve of or one or more finished surface according to the geometric configuration of finished surface;
(2) determine the curvilinear equation of selected each bar cross section curve respectively;
(3) to each curvilinear equation, find the solution respectively and utilize the cross section curve normal vector, find the solution the minimum blade circular arc radian value of each curve of processing;
(4) search the sunk area of each curve, and use the circle fitting method that the radius of sunk area is found the solution, obtain the maximum blade arc radius value of each curve;
(5) minimum blade circular arc radian value and the maximum blade arc radius value of execution (2) to resulting each cross section curve of (4) step compared respectively, according to wherein maximum minimum blade circular arc radian value, the definite blade circular arc radian that will select cutter, according to wherein minimum maximum blade arc radius value, determine to select the blade arc radius of cutter;
(6) blade circular arc radian and the blade arc radius of determining according to step (5) selected cutter.
2. ultra-precise cutting knife selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (3) is carried out by following method: to every curve, parametrization equation differentiate rule is found the solution the derivative of curvilinear equation; Each processing stand on the traversal curve, find the solution each processing stand normal vector and with the angle of machining spindle, each angle of being tried to achieve is compared, obtain the angle maximal value, this value promptly is the minimum blade circular arc radian value of this Processing Curve.
3. ultra-precise cutting knife selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (4) is carried out by following method: to every curve, the cosine value of the angle value of employing normal to curve and machining spindle carries out sunk area and searches, traversal whole piece curve, data to determined each sunk area are justified match, determine the radius of each sunk area; The radius of more determined each sunk area finds its maximal value, and this value promptly is the maximum blade arc radius value of this curve.
4. ultra-precise cutting knife selection method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, determines sunk area according to the following step:
(1) symbol of the cosine of regulation normal to curve and z axle forward angle value;
(2) find the solution the cosine value of whole piece curve, and all cosine values are searched judgement in proper order;
(3) when cosine value symbol generation saltus step, write down this point;
(4) search to the curve both sides from this point, search two trip points nearest respectively in both sides apart from this point;
(5) point in two trip point scopes that found on all curves belongs to same sunk area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100583452A CN100527139C (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2007-07-20 | Ultra-precise cutting knife selection method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100583452A CN100527139C (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2007-07-20 | Ultra-precise cutting knife selection method |
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| CN101187951A CN101187951A (en) | 2008-05-28 |
| CN100527139C true CN100527139C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107116707B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-05-10 | 天津大学 | A kind of processing method that fragile material is complex-curved |
| CN108031866A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 宁夏共享精密加工有限公司 | A kind of method for turning for reducing hydraulic turbine crown surface roughness |
| CN109325275B (en) * | 2018-09-08 | 2023-05-09 | 山东建筑大学 | Calculation method of precise turning feed |
| CN110276400B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-08-17 | 重庆大学 | Tool and fixture optimization method based on AHP-grey correlation analysis algorithm |
| CN115592520A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-01-13 | 重庆大学（Cn） | High-precision grinding and polishing track planning method for extremely-thin blade edge robot |
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Assignee: TIANJIN MICRONANO MANUFACTURING TECH Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Tianjin University Contract record no.: 2010120000057 Denomination of invention: Ultra-precise cutting knife selection method Granted publication date: 20090812 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20080528 Record date: 20100510 |
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Assignee: TIANJIN MICRONANO MANUFACTURING TECH Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Tianjin University Contract record no.: 2010120000057 Date of cancellation: 20161013 |
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Effective date of registration: 20231030 Address after: Building 2-A / C, zhongxiaoyuan, No.2, Weiqi Road, Microelectronics Industrial Zone, Binhai New Area Development Zone, Tianjin Patentee after: Yipu Photoelectric (Tianjin) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300072 Tianjin City, Nankai District Wei Jin Road No. 92, Tianjin University Patentee before: Tianjin University |