CN1005256B - Organic weetting treatment for glass batch materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Organic liquid in the class of fuel oil is used as a wetting agent for glass batches, and thus, the energy is saved; as fuel oil is mixed in the glass batch which contains sulfur, the melting speed is accelerated.

Description

Organic moist curing of glass batch materials

The present invention relates to the fusing of glass, particularly relate to the prescription that improves the glass batch materials mixture that is dropped into smelting furnace, so that in the acquisition in service of smelting furnace energy efficiency preferably.

The glass batch materials material normally drops into glass furnace with shape in small, broken bits.Batch of material can be entrained in the air-flow that produces in the burning than fine portion, and is taken out of smelting furnace by exhaust flow.This dust of carrying secretly of part can be deposited in the regenerator or the other parts of exhaust steam passage.These sedimental accumulation can limit the air-flow that flows through this place, and settling is unfavorable for the operational efficiency of smelting furnace, and may need the big maintenance of expense to alleviate obstruction.For this reason and other reason, before the smelting furnace charging, to eliminate the dust of glass batch materials, this is the common practice in the glass industry by wetting glass batch materials.Although sometimes use soda lye, the most frequently used wetting agent is a water, has also advised with sodium silicate solution as wetting agent (US Patent No 2,975,555).Yet there is water to be unfavorable for melting operational efficiency in the glass batch materials, because the vaporization of water in the stove can consume the energy that a part is supplied with smelting furnace.Optimal way is the unlikely again expended energy of wetting glass batch materials.

Usually containing a kind of sulphur source material in the glass batch materials prescription, generally is such as saltcake (Na ₂SO ₄) gypsum (CaSO ₄) vitriol of a class, to promote glass melting and refining.Sometimes the solid carbonaceous material that also comprises fine coal one class, and known it be to promote the sulfide reaction.Yet, unnecessarily use a large amount of sulphur or too intensify and waste, and can cause the sulfurous ejecta of some undesirable smelting furnace with carbon.Therefore, in order to utilize sulphur as the glass fusing assistant, glass industry is being sought more efficient methods.(for example, referring to US Patent No 4,138,235 and 4,270,945).

In the present invention, for example the organic liquid of fuel oil one class is used for wetting glass batch materials, to replace, perhaps combines as wetting agent with water or other aqueous solution.Burn in the combustion zone that enters stove when the organic liquid that has replaced water to small part, same owing to only consumed energy comparison of water vapor, wetting agent is to the melting process heat supplied.In addition, the existence of carbonaceous liquid, it seems be by with the sulfur-bearing batch of material in sulphur cooperatively interact and promote melting process, this promoter action than coal is more effective.Particularly observe, owing to there is fuel oil to exist in the batch of material, the commitment of melting process carries out rapidlyer.Because these advantages can reduce the energy that stove fusing per unit glass is consumed, the energy expenditure that is reduced is greater than the combustion value of compensation organic liquid.

For purpose of the present invention, in fact any combustible organic liquid can be as the glass batch materials wetting agent.Certainly, must not that the material of highly volatile, blast does not contain the element that pollutes glassy product.Wetting agent also should be able to carry out the heat release burning.Such liquid all is suitable for doing wetting agent.The polymkeric substance of glycerine, syrup and a large amount of lower molecular weights for example, these different organic liquids can both satisfy above condition.But because economic cause, industrial glass is smelted to produce and will be liked using naturally occurring organic liquid, and most of optimal liquid are petroleum productss.Can use crude oil, but the fuel oil cut of oil is more suitable for commercialization.The distillment and the nubbin of fuel oil all are suitable for as wetting agent, and the distillment that is commonly referred to as No. 2 fuel oils is the most frequently used.Because it is at room temperature handled easily and sprays, and is preferentially recommended.Fuel oil than last running, for example No. 6 fuel oils (" bunker oil ") also may satisfy the wetting agent condition, but will heat usually, promote to spray and to mix with the batch of material material.Use the fuel oil lighter fraction, for example No. 1 fuel oil, or even kerosene also may be suitable for, but their higher volatility make their magnetism little.

Because different glass formulas is different on composition and particle size dispersion, also will be different for preventing the needed amount of liquid of glass batch materials dust.In general, amount of liquid should be the free liquid physical efficiency coating glass batch materials particle that is enough to remain valid and exists, so that produce cohesiveness in particle.In the general practice, can press batch weight for about 2%(with the batch of material blended water yield with water-wet sheet glass batch of material) press batch weight to about 8%(), the most frequently used water yield is that about 4%(is by batch weight).Hydration may take place in some water and some batch of material material, and therefore, these water will not be free when wetting batch of material, thereby the water yield that is added changes according to the weather condition in the hydrated state of batch of material and fusing place.

For the purpose of wetting batch of material, on weight, fuel oil can replace the water of equivalent approx.Observe, the wettability of fuel oil is weaker than water slightly, and therefore, the water yield that suggestion reduces is less than the oil mass that is added into slightly.Also be for this reason, be not to recommend to replace whole water, and be to use oil and the two next wetting batch of material of water with oil.

Example 1 to 6 in the table I is the typical batch of material prescriptions that are used for clear plate glass, all includes the fuel oil that conforms with the inventive method in the example.Example 1,2 and 3 expression parts replace the fuel oil of water, and total content liquid remains on 4%(by batch weight in these examples).Example 4 and 5 equally based on total content liquid of 4%, still replaces water with soda lye.Under the identical condition of the ratio of fuel oil and water, total content liquid generally may change to 8%(by batch weight from 2%).If example 1 to 5 is used to replace water or the wetting in advance batch of material of single soda lye with 4%, may advise comprising slightly more than the fuel oil shown in the table I, total content liquid is increased to 4.25% to 5%, so that identical temperature is provided.

For the glass that needs oxidation (for example sheet glass), have been found that the oil mass greater than 3% sometimes can cause reduction of glass over-drastic and decolouring.Therefore, for this class glass, amount of fuel preferably is not more than 3%(by weight).Yet for reduction, colored glass, this limit needn't be implemented.

Observe, except wetting action, the existence of batch of material intermediate fuel oil has promoted melting process.The energy that uses the wetting batch of material of fuel oil and save has surpassed the energy of saving owing to the water that reduces in the batch of material.The laboratory fusing shows, the existence of batch of material intermediate fuel oil at the initial period of melting process, has been quickened the fusion of batch of material particulate.The effect of this fuel oil is similar to the effect of the coal dust that often contains in the glass batch materials mixture, therefore, fuel oil can replace coal.And use the obtainable improvement of fuel oil melting, unexpectedly greater than the improvement of using coal to obtain.In the preparing glass charge that contains as refining agent sulphur (usually with sulphate form), have been found that fuel oil and sulphur concur to a certain extent, so that obtained the better benefit of sulphur the fusion process beneficial effect.Although this effect is not understood fully, from theoretical reasoning, the volatilization of fuel oil and burning on the batch of material laminar surface in the smelting furnace, restriction oxygen is by the batch of material material.Near the steam that produces discharge opening is not only isolated batch of material and atmosphericoxygen, and absorbs oxygen from the batching material, particularly draws oxygen in the easiest reductive vitriol from batch of material.

The primary and foremost purpose of vitriol is to consider its effect as dispersion agent, and just vitriol helps to prevent the sand grains sintering, otherwise sintering causes the formation of Silicon-rich clinker and scum silica frost.Fuel-steam may be some sulfate reduction sulphidisation, and this can increase the dissolution rate of silicon-dioxide as everyone knows.If provide condition for some vitriol keeps dissemination, then it seems that the formation of sulfide will promote total melting process.Observe, saltcake or other sulphur source quantity not sufficient in the batch of material are perhaps because fuel oil or other reductive agent of excess make vitriol too be reduced into the sulfide state, owing to the sand grains sintering hinders total burn-off rate.In typical sheet glass batching, the saltcake of about 5 parts (by weight) has been considered to the minimum of dissemination in per 1000 parts of (by weight) sands.If part of sulfuric acid salt is reduced into sulfide, then needed saltcake must be greater than 5 parts (by weight).For example, for the great majority operation, 10 parts of (by weight) saltcake may be enough to the two effect.For the purpose of accelerating burn-off rate, suggestion is used in batch of material and is less than 2%(by weight) fuel oil, to avoid reducing excessively the moderate vitriol of consumption.For this situation of the present invention, what the wetting water yield that adds batch of material can be less than wetting batch of material when not adding organic wetting agent normally makes water consumption.Therefore, the example 6 of table in the I, expression batch of material prescription keep whole 4% water (previous once with it as unique wetting agent), but for for the purpose of strengthening fusing, have also added 0.25% fuel oil.

Observe, in the sulfur-bearing preparing glass charge, use coal and use another difference of fuel oil to be, approximately 0.5%(is by batch weight) the coal amount, will produce the strong effect of reduction and decolouring glass, and use fuel oil, its quantity is increased near 4%(by weight always), or during more level, just produce the reductive action of equal extent.

Experiment 1

Glass batch materials, 0.5%(with example 1 prescription in the table I are by weight) No. 2 fuel oils and 3.5%(by weight) water together as the batch of material wetting agent, with 600 tons (545 tonnes)/day input speed input glass furnace.With with the identical stove of 4% water-wet batch of material, productivity relatively, find that combustion of natural gas can reduce 6000 cubic feet/hour in the stove, this combustion of natural gas rate reduces and the heat energy saved, surpassed the energy that the batch of material intermediate fuel oil is supplied with smelting furnace.In addition, lower rate of combustion can obtain lower smelting furnace unit temp, thereby can obtain long furnace life.The influence that the quality of stove smelting glass is not tested.

Experiment 2

At cross flame, have in the sheet glass smelting furnace of 6 fire doors, with the speed operation in 600 tons (545 tonnes)/sky, the batch of material prescription of use, identical with example 6 in the table I basically, but do not use fuel oil.Coal or other reductive agent are not used in beginning fully in batch of material, use 0.83 part (by weight) the interpolation fine coal of [0.05%(by batch weight)] then, at first three fire door place, distance stove charging termination, measure the sulphur content in the waste gas, find that when coal appeared in the batch of material, sulphur content increased by 10% in first three fire door place waste gas.This shows the commitment in melting process, and coal promotes the release of sulphur in the batch of material.

Experiment 3

Fusing at the similar sheet glass of stove that 7 fire doors are arranged is in service, with the batch of material of the example 2 of 0.5% fuel oil and 3.5% water-wet, with only with the same batch of material comparison of 4% water-wet.Discovery under situation with fuel oil and water-wet glass batch materials, first three fire door place, the average content of sulphur hangs down 28% in the waste gas.Sulphur content remains unchanged substantially in the glassy product, therefore draws such conclusion, and promptly fuel oil has stoped the release of stove upstream portion sulphur, and stove downstream area far away is transferred in the release of sulphur, and this is just for more effectively utilizing sulphur desirable.

Experiment 4

7 fire doors being arranged and using in the similar glass furnace of the wetting batch of material of soda lye similar, use 8.2 parts of (by weight) fuel oils as reductive agent, with using 0.75 part of (by weight) fine coal to make reductive agent relatively to example 4.Discovery under situation with fuel oil wetting batch of material, first three fire door place, the mean concns of sulphur hangs down 35% to 37% in the waste gas.

Know change and correction that those skilled in the art do, can be by means of the spirit and scope of the present invention as following claim limited.

The table I

Example (share by weight)

1 2 3 4 5 6

Sand 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1000

Soda powder 323 323 323 288 303 323

Wingdale 84 84 84 84 84 84

Rhombspar 242 242 242 130 130 242

Saltcake 10 10 10 10 10 10

Rouge 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Fuel oil (No. 2) 4.3 8.5 33.2 7.6 30.5 4.3

Water 62.2 58 33.2--66.4

Caustic soda---52.9 30.5-

(5% aqueous solution) 0.25% 0.5% 2% 0.5% 2% 0.25%

The % fuel oil

Claims (7)

1, a kind of method of glass melting, thereby wherein through glass batch materials in small, broken bits with the liquid of q.s wetting with prevent batch of material rise dirt under wetting regime, go into material in the smelting furnace and in smelting furnace heating melt until batch of material, it is characterized in that batch of material is that the wetting agent of water and oil fuel composition is wetting.

2, the described method of claim 1, wherein the amount of infeeding of oil fuel is lower than 3% of batch weight.

3, claim 1 or 2 described methods, wherein wetting agent mainly is made up of water and oil fuel.

4, claim 1 or 2 described methods, wherein wetting agent also contains aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.

5, claim 1 or 2 described methods, wherein batch of material contains S-contained substance.

6, the described method of claim 5, wherein S-contained substance comprises saltcake.

7, the described method of claim 1, wherein batch of material is the sheet glass batch mixtures.