CN100521449C - Independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine - Google Patents
Independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100521449C CN100521449C CNB2008100323924A CN200810032392A CN100521449C CN 100521449 C CN100521449 C CN 100521449C CN B2008100323924 A CNB2008100323924 A CN B2008100323924A CN 200810032392 A CN200810032392 A CN 200810032392A CN 100521449 C CN100521449 C CN 100521449C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hybrid excitation motor with an independent magnetic circuit, which is a radial magnetic field-type hybrid excitation motor having a permanent magnetic circuit and an electric excitation magnetic circuit that are independent of each other. The structural body of the invention comprises a shell body, two end housings, a stator composed of a stator core and an armature winding, and a rotor composed of a rotor core, a permanent-magnet, an electric exciting winding and an electric excitation magnetic pole. On a cross section, a permanent magnet magnetic pole and the electric excitation magnetic pole are arranged in pairs; a magnetism isolating measure is arranged between the permanent magnet magnetic pole and the electric excitation magnetic pole to isolate the magnetic circuits of the two magnetic poles, so as to ensure relative independence between the permanent magnetic circuit and the electric excitation magnetic circuit. As the permanent magnetic circuit and the electric excitation magnetic circuit are relatively independent, the electric excitation needs small magnetic potential, and the field adjustment efficiency of the motor is high; the end of the exciting winding is arranged in the inner space at the end of the armature winding, so as to ensure high utility ratio of the useful length of the stator core and the armature winding thereof and high efficiency and high density of the motor; the magnetic potential of the electric excitation cannot act nonreversible demagnetization effect to the permanent magnetic, and the reliability of the motor is high; the electric exciting current can be adjusted in two directions, and the regulating range of the magnetic field is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric rotating machine, is a kind of mixed excitation electric machine that utilizes the relatively independent composite excitation method control air-gap field of magnetic circuit.
Background technology
Magneto is with its high density, high efficiency, and characteristics such as high reliability, light weight miniaturization more and more come into one's own, and also are applied in every field more and more.Yet,, be difficult to realize as electro-magnetic motor, regulating magnetic field flexibly, efficiently because magneto magnetic field is the stationary magnetic field.So the mixed excitation electric machine that magnetic field is adjustable has become the focus of research.
At the middle and advanced stage nineties in last century,, emerge the mixed excitation electric machine of multiple structure along with the technological progress of power electronics and magneto.As mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T, axial combined rotor mixed excitation electric machine, bypass mixed excitation electrical motor and axial duplex feeding mixed excitation electric machine etc.The mixed excitation electric machine of these structures is seen from permanent magnetism and electric excitation magnetic potential compound mode can reduce magnetic potential series, parallel and series-parallel connection three class formations.Because permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit are relatively independent in the mixed excitation electric machine of magnetic potential parallel connection, its magnetic field adjusting function has than remarkable advantages than the mixed excitation electric machine of magnetic potential series connection and series-parallel connection.At present, typical structure is axial combined rotor mixed excitation electric machine, this rotor is axially composed in series by p-m rotor section and electric excitation rotor section, owing between p-m rotor Duan Yudian excitation rotor section, settled electric excitation excitation winding end, reduce the utilance of sub-motor stator core and armature winding effective length thereof, reduced the bulk density and the weight density of efficiency of motor and motor thus.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the defective that exists at prior art, provide that a kind of permanent magnetism and electric excitation magnetic potential are in parallel, magnetic field regulate effect by force, the independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine of high efficiency, high reliability, compact conformation.
Design of the present invention is: on the cross section of motor, constitute relatively independent permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit, the end of electricity excitation winding is placed in the radially inner side of armature end-connections, effectively utilize the axial space of motor, make the electric machine structure compactness, in light weight, efficient is high, density is high.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals: a kind of is p by number of pole-pairs
1Permanent-magnet pole and p
2Electric excitation pole on same cross section, constitute radial magnetic field formula mixed excitation electric machine, its main structural components comprises housing, two end caps, the stator that is made of stator core and armature winding and the rotor that is made of rotor core, permanent magnet, electric excitation winding and electric excitation pole, between permanent magnetism magnetic pole and electric excitation pole, take every the magnetic path isolation of magnetic measure both, relatively independent to guarantee permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit, specifically see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.It is characterized in that:
1) permanent magnetism magnetic pole and electric excitation pole are placed in and constitute radial magnetic field formula mixed excitation electric machine on the same cross section.
2) motor number of pole-pairs p equals permanent magnetism magnetic pole number of pole-pairs p
1With electric excitation pole number of pole-pairs p
2Permanent magnetism magnetic pole and electric excitation pole poling are to placing in the sum, rotor.
3) magnetic path isolation of magnet isolation tank with both arranged between permanent magnetism magnetic pole and the electric excitation pole, these this magnet isolation tank (16) both sides form half permanent magnetism magnetic pole (11) and half electric excitation pole (12);
4) permanent magnet adopts radial surface formula or tangential or built-in; Described interior permanent magnets (9) has: the structural shape that I shape, V-arrangement or U-shaped etc. are commonly used.
5) utmost point of motor/groove cooperates the utmost point/groove ratio that can adopt integer groove, fractional-slot etc. commonly used.
The end of above-mentioned electric excitation winding is positioned at the radially inner side of armature end-connections.
The operation principle of radial independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine: because interior permanent magnetism magnetic pole of rotor and electric excitation pole poling are to placing, and in the middle of adjacent permanent magnetism magnetic pole and electric excitation pole, take every the magnetic measure, make each self-forming independent magnetic circuit of electric magnetic excitation circuit and permanent magnetic circuit.Permanent magnetic circuit is: come out, get back to permanent magnet S utmost point formation loop through permanent magnetism magnetic pole N, air gap, stator tooth, stator yoke, stator tooth, air gap, permanent magnetism magnetic pole S from the permanent magnet N utmost point, specifically see Fig. 3; The electricity magnetic excitation circuit is: electric excitation pole, air gap, stator tooth, stator yoke, stator tooth, air gap, electric excitation pole, electric excitation yoke are got back to electric excitation pole and are constituted the loop, specifically see Fig. 4.Wherein: the permanent magnetic field substantially constant, the size and Orientation of electricity excitation magnetic field changes with the variation of exciting current size and Orientation.If electric excitation winding electric current is zero, no electricity excitation magnetic field has only permanent magnet flux this moment.Because the branch road induced potential of mixed excitation electric machine armature winding is each wire turn electromotive force sum, if the arbitrary position of electricity excitation magnetic field flow direction is identical with the permanent magnetic field flow direction of integer number of pole-pairs position apart, then permanent magnetism magnetic pole is identical with electric excitation pole induced potential direction in the armature branch road, the addition of induced potential numerical value plays the magnetic assist effect.Otherwise if the arbitrary position of electricity excitation magnetic field flow direction is with opposite at a distance of the permanent magnetic field flow direction of integer number of pole-pairs position, then permanent-magnet pole is opposite with electric excitation pole induced potential direction in the armature branch road, and induced potential numerical value subtracts each other, a demagnetizing effect.If no electricity excitation magnetic field, then armature coil branch road induced potential is only produced by permanent magnetic field.Fig. 5,6,7 is respectively that electricity excitation magnetic field plays magnetic assist, degaussing and do not have the air gap flux density oscillogram of three kinds of situation correspondences of electricity excitation magnetic field.
The present invention's outstanding substantive distinguishing features and advantage compared with prior art:
1) because permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit are relatively independent, the required magnetic potential of electric excitation is little, and the efficient height is regulated in the magnetic field of motor.
2) compare with axial composite type mixed excitation electric machine, the end of excitation winding is placed in the space of armature end-connections inboard, has improved the utilance of stator core and armature winding effective length thereof, makes the electric machine structure compactness, space availability ratio height, efficient height.
3) because permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit are relatively independent, electric magnetic excitation circuit can not cause irreversible demagnetizing effect to permanent magnet, the reliability height of motor.
4) electric exciting current is two-way adjustable, and the adjustable range in magnetic field is wide.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine axial section schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is an A-A place profile in Fig. 1 example.
Fig. 3 is an independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine permanent magnetic circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is an independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine electricity magnetic excitation circuit schematic diagram.
Air gap flux density waveform schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is the independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine magnetic assist.
Air gap flux density waveform schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is the independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine degaussing.
Fig. 7 is independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine air gap flux density waveform schematic diagram when not having electricity excitation magnetic field.
Fig. 8 is an independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine excitation winding staggered form coiling mode schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the centralized coiling mode of an independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine excitation winding schematic diagram
Embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention accompanying drawings is as follows:
This independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine is the independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine of one 12 utmost point/18 groove tangential permanent magnetic body structures, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this motor comprises two end caps 1, casing 4, the stator that is made of stator core 3 and armature winding 2 and the rotor that is made of rotor core 5, electric excitation winding 6 and permanent magnet 9.
Permanent magnetism magnetic pole 10,11 is p with the ratio of electric excitation pole 12,14 numbers of pole-pairs in the present embodiment
1/ p
2=4/2, consider electric balance and mechanical balance, adopting 10,11 and 1 pairs of electric excitation poles 12,14 of 2 pairs of permanent magnetism magnetic poles is one group, alternately row is routine to divide two groups, specifically sees Fig. 2.Operation principle according to this motor, 1 pair of electric excitation pole should be middle complete magnetic pole 14, the right and left has two opposite polarity with it half magnetic poles 12, according to the pole polarity requirement, the identical winding of the two cover senses of current is arranged in each rotor, can the staggered form coiling, also can all be wound on the complete magnetic pole 14, specifically see Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.
Relatively independent for guaranteeing permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit, alternately a radially magnet isolation tank 16 is arranged the centre of arrangement at permanent magnetism magnetic pole 10,11 and electric excitation pole 12,14, walk the principle of magnetic resistance minimal path according to magnetic flux, magnet isolation tank thickness tangentially must be much larger than motor gas-gap length 15, the thickness of radially upper and lower two bridges 17,18 of magnet isolation tank 16 will approach under the prerequisite that mechanical strength allows as far as possible, to prevent that too much magnetic flux from constituting leakage magnetic circuit through this bridge, reduces the performance of mixed excitation electric machine.
The sense of current of supposing the polarity of permanent magnet 9 and electric excitation winding 6 as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the permanent magnet flux path is: come out, get back to the permanent magnet 9S utmost point through permanent magnetism magnetic pole N11, air gap 15, stator tooth 8, stator yoke 7, stator tooth 8, air gap 15, permanent magnetism magnetic pole S10 from the permanent magnet 9N utmost point; The electro-magnetic flux path is: from complete electric excitation pole 14, get back to complete electric excitation pole 14 and constitute loops through electric excitation yoke portion 13, half electric excitation pole 12, air gap 15, stator tooth 8, stator yoke 7, stator tooth 8, air gap 15.This moment air gap flux density along the distribution on armature circumference surface as shown in Figure 5, permanent magnetism magnetic pole is identical in wire turn internal induction electric potential direction with electric excitation pole in the armature branch road, the addition of induced potential numerical value plays the magnetic assist effect.
The polarity of supposing permanent magnet 9 is constant, and the sense of current of electric excitation winding 6 is opposite with direction shown in Figure 4 with Fig. 3, and the permanent magnet flux path is with above-mentioned; The electricity magnetic excitation circuit is opposite with above-mentioned direction.This moment air gap flux density along the distribution on armature circumference surface as shown in Figure 6, permanent magnetism magnetic pole is opposite in wire turn internal induction electric potential direction with electric excitation pole in the armature branch road, induced potential numerical value subtracts each other, a demagnetizing effect.
If no electric exciting current has only permanent magnetic circuit.This moment air gap flux density along the distribution on armature circumference surface as shown in Figure 7, each wire turn induced potential is only produced by permanent magnetic field in the armature branch road.
The coiling mode of independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine excitation winding can be staggered form, as shown in Figure 8, also can be centralized, as shown in Figure 9.
Claims (2)
1. the radial magnetic field formula mixed excitation electric machine of an independent magnetic circuit, the stator that its main components comprises two end caps (1), housing (4), be made of stator core (3) and armature winding (2) and by the rotor of rotor core (5), electric excitation winding (6), permanent magnet (9) and electric excitation pole (12,14) formation is characterized in that:
A. permanent magnetism magnetic pole (10,11) and electric excitation pole (12,14) are placed in and constitute radial magnetic field formula mixed excitation electric machine on the same cross section;
B. the motor number of pole-pairs is permanent magnetism magnetic pole (10,11) number of pole-pairs and electric excitation pole (12,14) number of pole-pairs sum, and permanent magnetism magnetic pole and electric excitation pole poling are to placing in the rotor;
C. between permanent magnetism magnetic pole (10,11) and the electric excitation pole (12,14) magnetic path isolation of magnet isolation tank (16) with both arranged, this magnet isolation tank (16) both sides form half permanent magnetism magnetic pole (11) and half electric excitation pole (12);
D. permanent magnet (9) adopts radial surface formula, tangential or built-in; Described interior permanent magnets (9) has: I shape, V-arrangement or U-shaped structural shape;
E. the utmost point of motor/groove cooperates the utmost point commonly used/groove ratio that adopts integer groove or fractional-slot.
2. the radial magnetic field formula mixed excitation electric machine of independent magnetic circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the end of described electric excitation winding is positioned at the radially inner side of armature end-connections.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2008100323924A CN100521449C (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2008-01-08 | Independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2008100323924A CN100521449C (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2008-01-08 | Independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101232213A CN101232213A (en) | 2008-07-30 |
| CN100521449C true CN100521449C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2008100323924A Expired - Fee Related CN100521449C (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2008-01-08 | Independent magnetic circuit mixed excitation electric engine |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103248148A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-14 | 东南大学 | Mixed excitation stator surface-mounted double-salient motor |
| CN103872865A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-06-18 | 张学义 | Electric car driving motor composite excitation rotor production method |
| CN110224563B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-05-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-phase magnetic-gathering bilateral passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor |
| CN112564333A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-26 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel brushless double-fed motor structure |
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2008
- 2008-01-08 CN CNB2008100323924A patent/CN100521449C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| A Synchronous/Permanent Magnet Hybrid AC Machine. Xiaogang, Luo, Thomas A. Lipo.Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference. 1999 |
| A Synchronous/Permanent Magnet Hybrid AC Machine. Xiaogang, Luo, Thomas A. Lipo.Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference. 1999 * |
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| CN101232213A (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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