CN100520862C - Method for re-suspending underwater deposit under simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank and device thereof - Google Patents
Method for re-suspending underwater deposit under simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100520862C CN100520862C CNB2007100256713A CN200710025671A CN100520862C CN 100520862 C CN100520862 C CN 100520862C CN B2007100256713 A CNB2007100256713 A CN B2007100256713A CN 200710025671 A CN200710025671 A CN 200710025671A CN 100520862 C CN100520862 C CN 100520862C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for disturbing and resuspending underwater sediments with simulated wave in circular sink, which is characterized in that: place the sediments collected without disturbance at the bottom of the circular sink; plant submerged plant over the sediments and overlaying water; use a plurality of blowers to simulate different wind forces and apply it on the overlaying water, so as to generate water flow; adjust the position of the blower port and its included angle with the overlay water surface to make basically even flow field in the sink; the sediments at the bottom of the sink is resuspended under the action of hydrodynamic force, so as to realize the simulation for the resuspension of sediments under the disturbance of wave with different forces in the water body of lake and river where submerged plant grows. The invention has the flowing advantages: simulate the resuspension process of sediments due to the motion of flow field under the disturbance of wave with different forces in natural water body of lake and river where submerged plant grows; realize the collection of samples in water body of different depths under relative stable condition for the resuspension of sediments; meet the requirements for the study over the ration relations among wave disturbance-motion of flow field-resuspension of sediments; simple structure, low cost and convenient application of relevant device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the simulation of shallow lake and river system water ecological setting, particularly utilize annular water tank simulation that method and device that varying strength wave disturbance deposit thing suspends are arranged in the water bodys such as lake, river of submerged plant growth again.
Background technology
Sediment is the important home to return to and the savings storehouse of nutritive salt and other pollutant in lake and the basin thereof, and nutrients is through a series of physics, chemistry and biological agent, and wherein a part is deposited on the bottom, lake, becomes the nutraceutical internal loading of lake body.For shallow lake and river, external impetus disturbance (wind, wave etc.) easily makes the superficial deposit deposits yields of water bottom suspend again, physics, chemistry and the biological character at water body-sediment interface and the ecologic environment feature of water body are produced considerable influence, therefore, the generating process and the mechanism of the suspension of research external impetus perturbation action deposit thing are significant.
Field inspection and these two class methods of lab simulation are mainly adopted in the influence that the disturbance of research external impetus suspends to sediment again.Field inspection usually produces bigger systematic error because the randomness and the uncontrollability of conditions such as stormy waves, current are too strong, brings bigger restriction to theoretical analysis, and is therefore normal only with investigating and verifying research.Carrying out the correlation theory research that sediment suspends again in the water body at present usually is to utilize the lab simulation method, the key of simulation relates to external impetus disturbance simulation and natural water body is simulated two aspects, the present common method of wherein simulating the external impetus disturbance can be divided into rotary propeller type, piston type, oscillatory type, make the ripple formula, and the present common method of simulation natural water body can be divided into three kinds of triangular flask formula, straight pipe type and water tank types.In the method for simulation external impetus disturbance, rotary propeller type drives water sports and then causes that sediment suspends by revolving oar disturbance in water, thereby utilizing piston to pump in water, piston type cause disturbance to produce suspension to the sediment top layer, oscillatory type suspends sediment by the oscillation action of oscillator, making wave agitation sediment that the ripple formula utilizes wave making machine to produce produces it to suspend, as seen, rotary propeller type, piston type, oscillatory type all adopts the mode simulated wave of the direct disturbance water body of mechanical force to water body and sedimental disturbance, this is obvious and actual conditions are widely different, though it is approaching with actual conditions to make Bo Shi, wave maker complexity and expense are too big.In the method for simulation natural water body, triangular flask formula, straight pipe type simulation natural water body obviously have sizable limitation, can not show out the flow field situation of water body under the wave disturbance, therefore can't study the quantitative relationship of wave disturbance-flow field motion-sediment between suspending again, water tank type simulation natural water body and actual conditions are approaching, but at present in the water tank type analogy method owing to adopt the method for making ripple formula simulation energetic disturbance, thereby usually complex structure, involve great expense, operate loaded down with trivial details.In addition, in lake that submerged plant growth is arranged and river, submerged plant has a significant impact the sedimental tool that suspends again, and present lab simulation method all fails to realize to the simulation that sediment suspends again in the submerged plant growth water body is arranged.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned various underwater sediment(s) suspend analogy method and the existing defective of device again, proposes the good underwater sediment(s) of a kind of comprehensive effect lab simulation method and apparatus that suspends again.Simulation has in the natural water bodies such as lake, river of submerged plant growth truly, water body produces the flow field motion and then causes the process that sediment suspends again under the wave disturbance of varying strength, and under suspending metastable condition again, sediment carries out the accurate collection of different depth water body example, with satisfy wave disturbance-flow field motion-sediment suspend again between the research demand of quantitative relationship, and realize analogue means simple structure, low cost, easy to use.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the method that underwater sediment(s) suspends again under the simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank is characterized in that the sediment that will be undisturbed collection places the annular water tank bottom, plants planting submerged plant and overlying water on sediment; Unite the different wind of use simulation by many fan blowers and put on overlying water by force, make it produce water movement, and the position by adjusting blast orifice and make the tank flow field even substantially with the angle of overlying water face, the sediment of bottom of gullet takes place to suspend under hydrodynamism again, realizes having the quantitative simulation that varying strength wave disturbance deposit thing suspends again in the water bodys such as the lake of submerged plant growth and river.
Underwater sediment(s) levitation device again under the simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank, its structure is an annular water tank, the bottom of this annular water tank is with the driving fit of rectangular parallelepiped base, the top is with the driving fit of semi-circular ring top cover, in the annular water tank, square and two arc poly (methyl methacrylate) plates combine outer wall by two block lengths, the front and back outer wall center of annular water tank is arranged in order from top to bottom some band valve sampling mouths is set, the spacing of each band valve sampling mouth equates or does not wait, lower end, annular water tank both sides respectively is provided with a band valve freeing port, top cover is connected with the outer wall of annular water tank by loose-leaf, is reserved with two air holes and two flow velocity gaging holes on the top cover and stretches into for airduct and current meter measuring staff in the blower system respectively.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are: (1) utilizes air blast simulated wave condition, more is subjected to the actual conditions of stormy waves external impetus disturbance near lake, river than methods such as rotary propeller type, piston type, oscillatory types.(2) utilize annular water tank simulation natural water body, can realize that by the artificial adjustment of air blast the groove flow field is even substantially, than methods such as conical flask formula, straight pipe types more near lake, the river actual flow field situation under wave disturbance.(3) can plant planting submerged plant in the annular water tank, being used for lab simulation has water body sediments such as the lake of submerged plant growth and river to suspend again.(4) by regulating the use of uniting of many fan blowers, the wave disturbance that can simulate varying strength is to sedimental dynamic action.(5) can insert current meter, realize the measurement of overlying water flow velocity under the wave disturbance.Metastable floating condition again when uniform flow field has guaranteed sample collecting in (6) this device water body sampling precision height, groove is provided with the collection that band valve sampling mouth can be realized the different depth water sample from top to bottom.(7) this device is compared with existing water tank type analogue means, has simple structure, low cost, advantage such as easy to use.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is vertical section synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure 1 is base, the 2nd, annular trough body, the 3rd, top cover, the 4th, loose-leaf, the 5th, air hole, the 6th, band valve sampling mouth, the 7th, band valve freeing port, the 8th, sediment, the 9th, overlying water, the 10th, airduct, the 11st, blast orifice, the 12nd, the outer wall of annular water tank, the 13rd, the inwall of annular water tank, the 14th, flow velocity gaging hole, the 15th, current meter measuring staff, the 16th, current meter probe.
Embodiment
The contrast accompanying drawing, the annular water tank device that underwater sediment(s) suspends again under the simulated wave disturbance, it is an annular water tank for its structure, comprises base 1, annular water tank 2, top cover 3, loose-leaf 4, band valve sampling mouth 6, band valve freeing port 7, blower system and some secure components etc.Wherein square and two cambered surface poly (methyl methacrylate) plates combine the inside and outside wall of annular water tank 2 by two block lengths, its bottom is with base 1 driving fit, top and top cover 3 driving fits, the outer wall center of annular water tank 2 front and backs is arranged in order from top to bottom some band valve sampling mouths 6 is set, the spacing of each band valve sampling mouth 6 can be got equidistantly or unequal-interval according to experiment purpose, and lower end, annular water tank 2 both sides respectively is provided with a band valve freeing port 7;
Blower system is connected to form by fan blower, airduct 10 and blast orifice 11, the multi-platform combined use of fan blower is to simulate different stormy waves intensity, airduct 10 feeds in the annular water tank 2 through air hole 5, blast orifice 11 is positioned on overlying water 9 waters surface, and the wind that fan blower produces is finally blown out by blast orifice 11 by airduct 10 and acts on overlying water 9.
Current meter adopts doppler velocimeter, and current meter measuring staff 15 feeds in the annular water tank 2 through flow velocity gaging hole 14, and current meter probe 16 is positioned at overlying water 9 times.The height of the sediment 8 and overlying water 9 waters surface can design according to requirement of experiment, but the water surface is no more than the upper end of annular water tank 2.
The method of operating of this device is as follows:
(1) opens top cover 3, to move into annular water tank 2 bottoms according to the certain thickness open-air undisturbed sediment 8 that experimental design is chosen, in annular water tank 2, slowly inject overlying water 9 (field acquisition is in sediment water body of living in usually), the height of the sediment 8 and overlying water 9 waters surface designs according to requirement of experiment, but the water surface is no more than the upper end of annular water tank 2.If simulation has the sediment in the water bodys such as the lake of submerged plant growth and river to suspend again, then can on sediment, plant planting submerged plant (as water caltrop, eel grass etc.).
(2) connect blower system, airduct 10 feeds in the annular water tank 2 through the air hole on the top cover 35, and blast orifice 11 is positioned on overlying water 9 waters surface, and the multi-platform combined use of fan blower is to satisfy the strong needs of the different wind of simulation.
(3) connect current meter, current meter can adopt existing doppler velocimeter (model is MicroADV), and current meter measuring staff 15 is stretched in the annular trough body 2, makes current meter probe 16 be positioned at overlying water 9 times, builds top cover 3;
(4) unite many fan blowers of unlatching, make wind reach experimental design intensity by force, the wind that fan blower produces is finally blown out by blast orifice 11 by airduct 10 and acts on overlying water 9, simulate different wind and put on overlying water by force and make it produce water movement, suspension again takes place in the sediment of bottom of gullet under hydrodynamism.
(5) according to the real-time measurement result of current meter, adjust the position of blast orifice and make the tank flow field even substantially with the angle of overlying water face, behind the stable certain hour of system, stablize under the air blast state in maintenance, open the valve of band valve sampling mouth 6 from top to bottom successively and gather the overlying water sample;
(6) according to the experiment needs, after the collection of overlying water sample finished, the valve that can open band valve freeing port 7 drained the trough inner water body, opens top cover 3 and carries out the collection of sediment sample.
Claims (3)
1, the method that underwater sediment(s) suspends again under the simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank is characterized in that the sediment that will be undisturbed collection places the annular water tank bottom, plants planting submerged plant and overlying water on sediment; Unite the different wind of use simulation by many fan blowers and put on overlying water by force, make it produce water movement, and the position by adjusting blast orifice and make the tank flow field even substantially with the angle of overlying water face, the sediment of bottom of gullet takes place to suspend under hydrodynamism again, realizes the simulation that varying strength wave disturbance deposit thing in the water bodys such as lake that submerged plant growth is arranged and river is suspended again.
2, underwater sediment(s) levitation device again under the simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank, it is characterized in that an annular water tank, the bottom of this annular water tank and the driving fit of rectangular parallelepiped base, top and the driving fit of semi-circular ring top cover, in the annular water tank, square and two arc poly (methyl methacrylate) plates combine outer wall by two block lengths, the front and back outer wall center of annular water tank is arranged in order from top to bottom some band valve sampling mouths is set, the spacing of each band valve sampling mouth equates or does not wait, lower end, annular water tank both sides respectively is provided with a band valve freeing port, top cover is connected with the outer wall of annular water tank by loose-leaf, is reserved with two air holes and two flow velocity gaging holes on the top cover and stretches into for airduct and current meter measuring staff in the blower system respectively.
3, underwater sediment(s) levitation device again under the simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank according to claim 2, it is characterized in that blower system is by connecting to form for many fan blowers, airduct and blast orifices, wherein airduct feeds in the annular water tank through air hole, and blast orifice is positioned on the overlying water water surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100256713A CN100520862C (en) | 2007-08-13 | 2007-08-13 | Method for re-suspending underwater deposit under simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank and device thereof |
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| CNB2007100256713A CN100520862C (en) | 2007-08-13 | 2007-08-13 | Method for re-suspending underwater deposit under simulated wave disturbance in annular water tank and device thereof |
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| CN100520862C true CN100520862C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
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| CN103371098B (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2015-07-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Experimental apparatus, system and method for aquatic plants |
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