CN100515325C - Dynamic riding-driving circumstance human body physiological character and biomechanics testing platform - Google Patents
Dynamic riding-driving circumstance human body physiological character and biomechanics testing platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN100515325C CN100515325C CNB2007103077024A CN200710307702A CN100515325C CN 100515325 C CN100515325 C CN 100515325C CN B2007103077024 A CNB2007103077024 A CN B2007103077024A CN 200710307702 A CN200710307702 A CN 200710307702A CN 100515325 C CN100515325 C CN 100515325C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic driving environment human physiological characteristics and biomechanics test platform which mainly consists of a dynamic excitation system, a three-dimensional digital adjustable seat system, a three-dimensional adjustable driving mechanism and a human physiological characteristics and biomechanics test system. The invention can simulate the dynamic environment (vibration environment) of automobiles, which means to implement the stepless frequency conversion, the amplitude, the frequency fixation and frequency sweep vibration for the variable acceleration; simulate the posture operation of the automobiles in various driving environment; measure the human physiological character indexes of the human electromyography signals, the human arterial blood flow, the human blood pressure response, the human heartbeat number of a driver, etc., and the vibration response of every human part, the contact stress of a human-chair interface and the body pressure distribution of human buttock and back; study and comprehensively test the human physiological characteristics and the human biomechanics of the driving postures of different populations. Through the stimulation on a dynamic driving environment human physiological characteristics and biomechanics test system, scientific data required by the automobile human-machine interface design for populations with different shapes can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ergonomics technical field, relate to a kind of experiment test device, particularly a kind of dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform.
Background technology
Automobile is one of greatest invention of 20th century.Succeed in developing the first in the world automobile so far from Ka Erbenci in 1886, automobile has experienced 120 years of development.Between this century-old period of expansion, auto industry is grown out of nothing, and has write the important chapter of human modern civilization history with alarming development speed.Automobile has been made huge contribution for human civilization and progress and socio-economic development as the product of social development, human civilization and scientific progress.
At present, whole world automobile pollution has surpassed 600,000,000, and average per 8 people have an automobile (promptly per capita 0.13).What the automobile popularity rate was the highest is the U.S., and average 1.3 people have one; Developed country such as West Europe and Japan, average 2～3 people have one.In modern society, along with popularizing of development and national economy and automobile, automobile is not only as people's the vehicles, the extension of people's living space especially.Investigate discovery according to the Britain scientist, the disease that is sitting in the people Chang You in the automobile for a long time is because the angle unreasonable, that seat is incorrect to the distance adjustment of pedal, the back tilts of armchair structure is unreasonable and each actuation member layout of automobile owes reasonable.Above factor all can be summed up as automobile and take advantage of and drive the unreasonable of Environment Design (claiming people's car INTERFACE DESIGN again), automobile is taken advantage of and is driven the important step of environment space design as the vehicle design, have direct relation with taking advantage of the comfortableness of driving and the safety of driving, therefore also more and more be subjected to people's attention and automaker's attention.
Conventional people's car INTERFACE DESIGN method is mainly learned and geometry based on human body limb movement, the ergonomics aspect is a foundation with comprehensive and subjective qualitative conclusion, empirical rule, how much contiguity constraints such as comfortable and fatigue of people mainly then, the scientific law of rare consideration driver body biomechanics characteristic and Human Physiology characteristic.Owing to lack quantitative calculation and analytical method, the degree that makes the result of people's car INTERFACE DESIGN be difficult in biology and biomechanics is surveyed the space and is satisfied human body and take advantage of the comfortable demand of driving, and especially is difficult to satisfy driver's personalization requirement of (referring to monomer individual character or group syntality).From biomechanical analysis and Human Physiology characteristic, if people's car contact interface design makes the human body body press irrational distribution, then can cause the local compression of human body skin layer, then can cause fatigue phenomenons such as human body is tingle for a long time; If the design of people's car contact interface makes human spine's form unreasonable, then can cause human body back discomfort and pain, and then very easily cause human-body fatigue, bring out the driving occupation disease; If people's car operation and control interface make human muscle's force mechanism, the size unreasonable, can make the muscle that continues to shrink oppress blood vessel, and then stop blood to enter muscle, when the human muscle can't obtain competent oxygen by blood, then easily cause human muscle's fatigue, and cause the human muscle to ache.Secondly, present ergonomic design lacks the consideration of man-machine personalization, and the driving of automobile product though at present general Automobile Design has the function at adjustable interface, has just solved the part man-machine problem exactly towards individuality.It has the man machine interface design now just with reference to empirical data in the ergonomics and general rule again, forms the method for designing of man machine interface from biomechanics mechanism, and lacks the material impact of consideration dynamic environment (vibration environment) to the man-machine system.Take advantage of the guidance of driving position biomechanics characteristic science data owing to lack automobile, lack the guidance of dynamically taking advantage of the Human Physiology characteristic science data of driving under the environment in addition, the problem of people's locomotive operation and control interface and man-machine contact interface just can't be resolved from mechanism.
Traditional ergonomics is mainly carried out corresponding people-Che contact interface design according to anthropometry's statistical data, some empirical datas according to the human-body fatigue statistics are carried out the design of corresponding people-Che operation and control interface and mode of operation, really do not take advantage of from mechanism solution automobile and drive comfortableness and take advantage of the fatigue problem of driving.The body biomechanics problem of relevant driver comfort, Chinese scholars have been carried out more exploratory research work, and as 1988, Matsuoka and Hanai pressed the research that distributes by body, had proposed the position of comfort of passenger posture.Phase early 1990s, the comfort level by seat is estimated in subjects's contact pressure measurement or the measurement of EMG-electromyogram such as Reed, Lee and Thakurta.Tobias etc. have set up the FEM (finite element) model of human body lumbar vertebra, by this model analysis the biomechanics characteristic of lumbar vertebra when pressurized of human body, this model also can be used for the stability analysis of lumbar vertebra.Goel analyzes and simulates the motion of the stressed of human body thoracic vertebra and waist ligament by Finite Element Method.Oxlang has studied the biomechanical issues of human synovial.Nineteen ninety-five, the automotive seat that Reed etc. have researched and proposed traditional design causes the incompatibility of disease and ideal sitting posture spinal column profile before the back lumbar vertebra spinal column.Canada M.Kolich tests the comfortableness of 5 kinds of compact automotive seats by 12 indexs, research points out that the comfortableness of automobile contact interface is a new research branch, and existing human engineering design criteria based on the anthropometry can not be applicable to the design of automobile people-Che contact interface.At present, the problem of relevant car steering fatigue has also been carried out a lot of research work both at home and abroad, studied relation between joint power and the partes corporis humani's branch fatigue as people such as China Liu Rong.Lee of Shanghai Communications University increases bravely, the king become cover from ergonomics angle analysis-by-synthesis cause the environmental factors of driving fatigue, point out that visual interface, audition interface, people-seat interface, people-operation interface are to influence the main man machine interface of driving fatigue, and proposed to prevent and alleviate the effective measures of driving fatigue from automobile man machine interface design angle.But more than research does not incorporate the body biomechanics specificity analysis in method for designing and the theory, proposes corresponding design theory and method.In recent years, Xi'an Communications University opens people such as Hubei Province, Hong Jun, beam are built, Han Ying and has designed platform for testing biomechanical characteristics of human body position in automobile, the static body of the having carried out people's car contact interface research that body biomechanicses such as research and human body static state operation posture and muscle hardness, blood flow characteristic concern that press to distribute, and some biomechanics criterions of human-body fatigue and comfortableness have been proposed, but their research is based on the static environment of people's car fully, does not consider the influence of people's car dynamic environment.Yet dynamic environment (vibration environment) is to the man-machine system and take advantage of Human Physiology characteristic, body biomechanics characteristic and human-body fatigue and the human body comfort driven under the environment that extremely important influence is arranged.
The variable seat of Japan's exploitation is characterized in sitting posture and each the position stressing conditions that can simulate various types of seats and measure tested personnel.The automotive seat body of Tsing-Hua University is pressed Distribution Test system, be used for the pressure distribution situation on testing automobile seat people-chair contact interface, its objective is that the thoroughly evaluating for the seat riding comfort provides an objective basis, test result also can be applied to instruct design simultaneously, press distribution performance or under the prerequisite that does not influence riding comfort, save the seat chair pad material as far as possible to reach better body.In the above-mentioned research, also do not have an example that human engineering and biomechanics are merged, study quantitative human engineering method.2005, the automobile of Xi'an Communications University's design is taken advantage of and is driven position biomechanics test platform, though realized the partial fusion of human engineering and biomechanics, and some quantization methods are provided for man-machine INTERFACE DESIGN, but to dynamic environment (vibration environment) to the man-machine system and the material impact of taking advantage of the Human Physiology characteristic of driving under the environment and body biomechanics characteristic to be human-body fatigue and human body comfort consider that as yet and the Human Physiology characteristic that provides and body biomechanics characteristic test method are comparatively limited.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome defective or the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dynamically taking advantage of to drive environment Human Physiology characteristic test platform, it can simulated automotive dynamic environment (vibration environment), that promptly can carry out stepless frequency conversion, luffing, fluctuating acceleration decides frequency, frequency sweep vibration; Can operate by the various positions of driving environment of taking advantage of of simulated automotive again; And Human Physiology characteristic index such as the human body electromyographic signal of the energy measurement person of driving, human body artery blood flow, human blood-pressure response, human body beats and dynamically take advantage of the contact stress at partes corporis humani's vibratory response of driving environment, people's chair interface and the body at human buttock, back is pressed and distributed; And can take advantage of the body biomechanics characteristic and the Human Physiology characteristic of driving position to study and integration test to different crowd.
For realizing above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that this test platform mainly is made of dynamic excitation system, three-dimensional digital barbed chair system, three-dimensional adjustable the fly structure and Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro four parts taken advantage of;
Dynamically excitation system comprises a substrate, and substrate is supported on the ground by supporting base, and four jiaos of supporting base are provided with support spring, in order to alleviate the vibration to ground.The substrate below is symmetrically installed with two shock electric machines, is connected with Programmable Logic Controller between two shock electric machines, and Programmable Logic Controller connects converter; Produce the synchronous backward vibration by two shock electric machines of Controlled by Programmable Controller, and the exciting force horizontal component of generation is cancelled out each other, can produce the vertical vibration of dynamic environment with the guarantee test platform; By regulating the angle of the inner axle head eccentric block of shock electric machine, to realize stepless conciliation exciting force; On Programmable Logic Controller, dispose converter, in order to realize the inorganic frequency modulation of vibrating motor; This dynamic excitation system can produce the vertical vibration of frequency conversion, luffing, promptly produces the required dynamic environment of test.
Three-dimensional digital barbed chair system comprises the seat that is arranged on the substrate, and this seat is made of seat face, the chair back, Chair back cushion and seat chair pad; The seat basifacial is equipped with the angle demodulator of seat face, and chair back angle demodulator is equipped with in the junction of the chair back and seat face, to realize the chair back and seat face angular adjustment between the two; Evenly be furnished with the block pressure transducer of array micro on the present seat, also evenly be furnished with the block pressure transducer of array micro on the chair back, the pressure distribution that is used to test each point; On miniature block pressure transducer, expansion screw is installed, is used to generate the required three-dimensional profile of three-dimensional digital barbed chair; Be equipped with seat cushion and the back cushion that constitutes by rubber blanket and flexible polyurethane foam pad (foam-rubber cushion) on the present seat and the chair back, so that the shape face is more level and smooth.Seat system is fixed on the substrate of test platform by support.
The three-dimensional adjustable structure of flying of taking advantage of comprises the three-dimensional adjustable stick that is arranged on the substrate, three-dimensional adjustable steering wheel and adjustable pedal, takes advantage of the adjustable function of driving the various position operations of environmental test in order to realize difference; Wherein, three-dimensional adjustable stick is used to realize the position adjustments of stick on X, Y, Z direction; The angular adjustment that three-dimensional adjustable steering wheel is used to realize the position adjustments of steering wheel on X, Y, Z direction, rotate around Y direction and the adjusting of axial length; Three-dimensional adjustable pedal is made up of braking brake pedal, clutch foot plate and accelerator pedal; Be used to realize the position adjustments of each pedal on X, Y, Z direction and the angular adjustment of rotating around Y direction; Above-mentioned each adjustable mechanism can be realized the adjustment of its desired location and attitude, drives the needs that environment carries out the operation of various positions to satisfy different bodily form crowds taking advantage of.Take advantage of by simulation and to drive environment and, can obtain the science data of different bodily form crowds' automobile man machine interface design based on the riding comfort evaluation system of body biomechanics characteristic.
Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro comprise human body electromyographic signal measuring system, distributed body pressure measuring system, doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system, human blood-pressure measuring system, human body vibration response test system and anacom; Wherein: human body electromyographic signal measuring system, doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system links to each other with tested personnel's linked groups by surface electrode or probe with the human blood-pressure measuring system, is used to measure and analyzes the different responses of driving each parameter under position and the vibration environment of taking advantage of; Human body vibration response test system takes advantage of the vibration characteristics of driving body system under the environment by measuring the acceleration responsive of seat and human body different parts with research trends; Distributed body presses measuring system to be connected with the block pressure transducer of the even array micro of arranging on the seat back with the seat face, be used to reflect the voltage signal of each point pressure, miniature block pressure transducer is connected with the multiple signals amplifier by the holding wire of itself, the multiple signals amplifier then is connected with A/D converter by data wire, A/D converter is imported anacom by data wire with the analytic signal that records, be provided with Measurement and analysis software in the anacom, be used for to body press that signal stores, analyzing and processing and demonstration.
Above-mentioned human body electromyographic signal measuring system mainly is made up of surface electrode, myoelectric apparatus, microcomputer interface device and data analysis software.Surface electrode is connected with myoelectric apparatus by the holding wire of itself, myoelectric apparatus is connected with data acquisition unit, the measured electromyographic signal of each surface electrode is imported myoelectric apparatus into, be transferred to data acquisition unit through myoelectric apparatus again, data acquisition unit is then realized being connected with computer by the microcomputer interface device, and then makes the electromyographic signal that collects can carry out data analysis and processing on computers.
Above-mentioned doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system mainly is made up of ultrasonic transmission device, probe and signal receiving device etc.After the testee takes a seat, probe is fixed on human test's the tremulous pulse, ultrasonic transmission device emission ultrasound wave shines the hemocyte in the blood vessel and utilizes Doppler effect by probe, and the frequency of sound wave that hemocyte is received will change.Utilize hyperacoustic reflection characteristic then, the ultrasound wave that shines hemocyte will reflect, and receive reflection echo signal by ultrasonic receiving system, utilize Doppler effect just can record echo frequency once more.Poor incident ultrasonic frequency and the frequency of sound wave that receives at last, promptly frequency shift signal is handled through A/D converter input computer through filtering, amplification again, can obtain the blood flow speed response of human body and shows.
Above-mentioned human blood-pressure measuring system, main adopt be based on the oscillographic method electric sphygmomanometer, it mainly obtains the human blood-pressure value by the pressure signal of measuring, decomposing and relatively inflate in the cuff.Pressure signal in the cuff is the stack of cuff static pressure signal and pulse wave signal, and through amplifying and filtering, this pressure signal is divided into two-way: the one tunnel as pulse wave signal, and another road is as the cuff static pressure signal.Two kinds of signals are sent into Computer Processing after the A/D conversion, reject and disturb, and detect the real pulse wave of human body.Determine mean pressure according to the amplitude variations of pulse wave in the gas replenishment process then, determine systolic pressure and diastolic pressure again, so analyze dynamically take advantage of the blood pressure response of driving human body under the environment.
Above-mentioned human body vibration response test system mainly is made up of accelerometer, charge amplifier, data recording equipment and audiofrequency spectrometer.During test, acceleration responsive by accelerometer measures seat face and partes corporis humani position (as head, shoulder), then the gained signal is amplified back input spectrum instrument through charge amplifier and carry out spectrum analysis, with the vibratory response of researching human body and carry out the result and show.
Above-mentioned distributed body is pressed measuring system, comprise miniature block pressure transducer,, miniature block pressure transducer is by holding wire and the multiple signals amplifier of itself, connect, the multiple signals amplifier then by data wire and A/D converter, is connected, A/D converter is imported computer by data wire with analytic signal.
Of the present invention dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, based on dynamic excitation system, three-dimensional digital barbed chair system and the three-dimensional adjustable structure of flying of taking advantage of, by Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro can realize to the individual of the different bodily forms or colony various dynamically take advantage of drive under the environment with different sitting posture position operating attitudes under the Human Physiology characteristic and the measurement and the analysis of body biomechanics index, and can show measurement result in real time intuitively.Whole measuring process is simple, easy operating; And multiple measurement is once finished, and measures and the analysis efficiency height, and measurement data is accurate.The present invention's's (test platform) maximum characteristics are: can provide intuitively in real time that Different Dynamic is taken advantage of the body of Human Physiology characteristics such as the human body electromyographic signal of driving the various poses of the person of driving under the environment, blood flow speed, blood pressure, people's chair contact interface to press to distribute and these states under multiple science test datas such as partes corporis humani's vibratory response.
The present invention can realize that the digitized of automotive seats seat, chair back shape is regulated and the adjustment of seat attitude.Wherein, the adjusting of the digitized of seat and chair back shape is to obtain seat and the required surface configuration of the chair back by a plurality of screw height of regulating on the seat and the chair back.The adjustment of seat attitude comprises the adjusting of seat face angle and the adjusting of seat back angle, wherein the adjusting of seat face angle is to realize by adjustment seat seat angle demodulator (being spill spin block), and the adjusting of seat back angle is to realize by adjustment seat chair back angle demodulator (revolving fragment).Can satisfy the test needs of the people of the different bodily forms to seat face and chair back surface configuration, chair back angle, seat face angle and height of seat by these adjustment, with the optimum matching scheme of people's car INTERFACE DESIGN of seeking different bodily form crowds, obtain shape face, position and the attitude of the required seat of driving simulation test.
The present invention can dynamically taking advantage of of simulated automotive drive environment, has the adjustable function that realizes various position operations simultaneously.It mainly is by the frequency conversion of dynamic excitation system generation, the vertical vibration of luffing that the present invention dynamically takes advantage of the simulation of driving environment to automobile, generates to take advantage of to drive the required dynamic environment of test.The adjustable function of various position operations is to realize by adjustable control mechanism, adjustable steering wheel mechanism and adjustable footrest mechanism.Above-mentioned adjustable mechanism can be realized the adjustment of its desired location and attitude, drives the needs that environment carries out the operation of various positions to satisfy different bodily form crowds dynamically taking advantage of.Drive environment and Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro by simulating dynamically to take advantage of, can obtain the science data of different bodily form crowds' automobile man machine interface designing institute needs.
The present invention is except above-mentioned basic function, can realize also that automobile is dynamically taken advantage of and drive occupant's Human Physiology characteristic and the measurement of the every index of biomechanics and the processing of data under the environment, can be automobile and dynamically take advantage of people's car INTERFACE DESIGN of driving that science data are provided, realize the best allocation of between humans and machines.The wherein measurement of Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics index and the processing of data, comprise mainly that automobile is dynamically taken advantage of the body of the human body electromyographic signal response of driving under the environment, the response of blood flow speed, blood pressure response, people's chair contact interface to press to distribute and these states under partes corporis humani's vibratory response.The measurement of electromyographic signal and date processing mainly are to realize by the electromyographic signal measuring system, wherein the source of human body electromyographic signal is to obtain by the surface electrode that is arranged on the human body, and the processing of human body electromyographic signal, record and demonstration are realized by the computer software that is provided with.Body presses the every index that distributes mainly to press measuring system to obtain by distributed body, and wherein the source of signal is to obtain by the pressure transducer between people's chair contact interface, and its Signal Processing is mainly finished by the computer software of special use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of human body electromyographic signal measuring system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of doppler ultrasound human bloodstream speed measuring system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure principle chart of human body ambulatory blood pressure measuring system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure principle chart that distributed body of the present invention is pressed measuring system;
Fig. 7 is the structure principle chart of human body vibration response test of the present invention system.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in further detail:
The specific embodiment
See figures.1.and.2, the present invention is mainly by dynamic excitation system, three-dimensional digital barbed chair system, three-dimensional adjustable fly structure and Human Physiology characteristic (biomechanics) the test macro four parts formation taken advantage of.
Dynamically excitation system mainly is made up of shock electric machine 1, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) 2, converter 3 and support spring 5.Wherein two shock electric machines 1 by the screw rigid arrangement below test platform substrate 6, by regulating the angle of shock electric machine 1 inner axle head eccentric block, can be in its exciting force scope stepless conciliation exciting force; Adopt converter 3 to realize the stepless frequency modulation of shock electric machine; The synchronous backward of realizing two shock electric machines by Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) 2 rotates, and the exciting force horizontal component of generation is cancelled out each other, and can produce the vertical vibration of dynamic environment with the guarantee test platform; Four jiaos at test platform substrate 6 are equipped with support spring 5, and in order to alleviate the vibration to ground, support spring 5 supports on the ground by its supporting base 4.This dynamic excitation system can produce the vertical vibration of frequency conversion, luffing, generates the required dynamic vibration environment of test.
Three-dimensional digital barbed chair system mainly comprises seat face 8, the chair back 10, expansion screw 12, chair back angle adjusting mechanism 9, seat angle adjusting mechanism 7, Chair back cushion 13 and seat chair pad 15, constitutes three-dimensional digital barbed chair model of the present invention.On the seat and the chair back, be evenly equipped with hundreds of miniature block pressure transducers 11 respectively, be equipped with expansion screw 12 on it, with the three-dimension curved surface shape that generates the required chair back and seat face.Then, dispose back cushion 13 and seat chair pad 15 on it respectively.Because by the chair back of hundreds of digitized expansion screws generations and the three-dimension curved surface of seat face is interruption, discontinuous curved surface, therefore can form continuous, slick three-dimensional chair back curved surface and seat curved surface by place mat Chair back cushion 13 and seat chair pad 15, and the pressure distribution between energy homogenize people-chair contact interface.The angle adjustment that the chair back 10 and seat face are 8 is to realize by chair back angle demodulator 9, to generate the required best chair back angle of experiment.The bottom of seat face 8 is provided with seat angle demodulator 7, in order to generate the required best seat angle of experiment.
In three-dimensional digital barbed chair system, can generate the three-dimension curved surface shape of the required chair back 10 and seat face 8 by expansion screw 12.For obtaining required people's chair contact interface design, can realize any adjusting of angle between 90 ° to 180 ° between the chair back 10 and the seat face 8 by chair back angle demodulator 9.By seat angle demodulator 7, can realize the adjusting of seat face level angle direction.By the realization of above seat function, generate to take advantage of and drive required seat shape face of environmental test and seat attitude.
Three-dimensional adjustable operating-controlling mechanism mainly is made up of the adjustable stick 14 of three-dimensional, three-dimensional adjustable steering wheel 16 and three-dimensional adjustable pedal 17 etc.By the adjustable operating-controlling mechanism of this three-dimensional, can take advantage of the various position operations of driving by simulated automotive.
Three-dimensional adjustable stick 14 can be realized the position adjustments of stick on X, Y, Z direction.
The angular adjustment that three-dimensional adjustable steering wheel 16 can realize the position adjustments of steering wheel on X, Y, Z direction, rotate around Y direction and the adjusting of axial length.
Three-dimensional adjustable pedal 17 is made up of braking brake pedal, clutch foot plate and accelerator pedal.This mechanism can realize the position adjustments of each pedal on X, Y, Z direction and the angular adjustment of rotating around Y direction.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional digital barbed chair and the three-dimensional adjustable structure of flying of taking advantage of are installed and are cemented on the platform substrate 6, with stability and the reliability that guarantees whole test platform.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, Human Physiology characteristic of the present invention and biomechanics test macro mainly press measuring system 18, human body electromyographic signal measuring system 19, doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system 20, human blood-pressure measuring system 21, human body vibration response test system 22 and anacom 23 to form by distributed body.
With reference to shown in Figure 3, human body electromyographic signal measuring system 19, comprise surface electrode 24, surface electrode 24 is connected with myoelectric apparatus 25 by the holding wire of itself, myoelectric apparatus 25 is connected with data acquisition unit 26 by its data wire again, make each surface electrode 24 measured electromyographic signals import myoelectric apparatus 25 into, be transferred to data acquisition unit 26 through myoelectric apparatus 25 again; Data acquisition unit 26 is then realized and being connected of anacom 23 by its general-purpose slot, and then is made the electromyographic signal that collects just can carry out the processing and the analysis of relevant data on anacom 23.
In human body electromyographic signal measuring system 19, at first surface electrode 24 is determined the rotine positioning of connection according to clinical practice, be placed in the relevant position of human body, measured signal is carried out the conditioning amplification and the pretreatment of signal by myoelectric apparatus 25, signal is drawn by the interface on the myoelectric apparatus 25 then, and insert multifunctional data acquiring device 26, and multifunctional data acquiring device 26 is connected with anacom 23, carries out relevant Signal Processing, analysis, demonstration and record by anacom 23.
With reference to shown in Figure 4, doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system 20 mainly is made up of ultrasonic transmission device 27, probe 28 and signal receiving device 30.After the tested person of driving is taken a seat, probe 28 is fixed on the relevant tremulous pulse of human body, and ultrasonic transmission device 27 emission ultrasound wave are by the hemocyte 29 in the 28 irradiation human vas of popping one's head in, utilize Doppler effect, the ultrasonic frequency that human body hemocyte 29 is received will change.Utilize hyperacoustic reflection characteristic, the ultrasound wave that shines hemocyte 29 will reflect, and ultrasonic receiving system 30 receives the echo-signal of reflection, utilizes Doppler effect can record the frequency of echo once more.Incident ultrasonic frequency and the frequency of sound wave difference that receives are frequency displacement, then with frequency shift signal through filtering, amplification, handle through A/D converter input anacom 23 again, can obtain the blood flow speed response of human body and show.
As shown in Figure 5, human blood-pressure measuring system 21 adopts is based on the oscillographic method electric sphygmomanometer, and it mainly obtains the human blood-pressure value by the pressure signal of measuring, decomposing and relatively inflate in the cuff; Comprise cuff 31, pressure transducer 32, automatic zero set circuit 33, preamplifier 34, low pass filter 35; Human blood-pressure measuring system 21 work process are: during test, cuff 31 is wrapped on tester's arm,, is manually exitted automatically to cuff 31 inflations by monolithic processor controlled air valve again.Pressure in the cuff 31 is the stack of cuff static pressure and pulse wave signal, pressure transducer 32 in the cuff can be converted to the signal of telecommunication to the pressure signal in the cuff 31, carry out the signal amplification through sending into preamplifier 34 after 33 processing of automatic zero set circuit, carry out Filtering Processing through low pass filter 35 then.Signal after the processing divides two-way, the one tunnel after gain is adjusted as pulse wave signal, another road is as the cuff static pressure signal.Two kinds of signals are sent into single-chip microcomputer through A/D converter 36 and are handled, and reject and disturb, and promptly detect the real pulse wave of human body.Determine mean pressure according to the amplitude variations of pulse wave in the gas replenishment process then, determine systolic pressure and diastolic pressure again, so analyze dynamically take advantage of the blood pressure response of driving the environment lower tester and show.
With reference to shown in Figure 6, distributed body presses measuring system 18 to comprise miniature block pressure transducer 37, miniature block pressure transducer 37 is connected with multiple signals amplifier 38 by the holding wire of itself, 38 in multiple signals amplifier is connected with A/D converter 39 by data wire, and A/D converter 39 is imported computer 23 by data wire with analytic signal.
This distributed body is pressed 12 * 12 being connected with 12 * 17 miniature block pressure transducers 37 of evenly arranging on measuring system 18 and present seat 8 and the chair back 10, and after the tested person of driving was taken a seat, miniature block pressure transducer 37 provided the voltage signal that reflects each point pressure.The voltage signal of each point transfers to computer 23 behind multiple signals amplifier 38 and A/D converter 39, carry out each Signal Processing, analysis, demonstration and record.
With reference to shown in Figure 7, human body vibration response test system 22 mainly is made up of accelerometer 40, charge amplifier 41, data recording equipment 42 and audiofrequency spectrometer 43.After the tested person of driving falling sits, open the dynamic excitation system of test platform, measure the acceleration responsive at chair surface and testee's relevant position (as head, shoulder) by accelerometer 40, and with after acceleration responsive signal process charge amplifier 41 amplifications that record, input data recording equipment 42 is preserved, then this signal is input to and carries out spectrum analysis in the audiofrequency spectrometer 43, research testee's human body vibration response is also carried out result's demonstration.
When dynamically taking advantage of the Human Physiology characteristic of driving environment and biomechanics test experiments, at first generate the required chair back of experiment, three-dimension curved surface shape, seat shape face and the seat attitude of seat face by three-dimensional digital barbed chair system; By the adjustable structure of flying of taking advantage of of three-dimensional, the realization automobile is taken advantage of the various positions operations of driving experiment; By the vertical vibration that dynamic excitation system produces frequency conversion, luffing, generate to take advantage of and drive the required dynamic vibration environment of experiment.Drive after ambient parameter adjusts in all taking advantage of, tested occupant enters this simulation and takes advantage of the system of driving, dynamically take advantage of the various position operations of driving under the environment, open Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro, the Human Physiology characteristic index such as human body electromyographic signal, blood flow volume, blood pressure response, human body beats of carrying out tested occupant measure and dynamically take advantage of the vibratory response measurement of driving each position of human body under the environment and contact stress, the body at people's chair interface to press distribution measuring and analysis.
The several persons of driving are dynamically being taken advantage of when driving the test of environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics, all test results to be carried out unitary analysis and ontoanalysis, therefrom extract human body and dynamically take advantage of constitutive relation comfortable when driving, tired and people's car INTERFACE DESIGN and vibration parameters selection; Relevant body is pressed distribution, myoelectricity characteristic, blood flow characteristic, the constitutive relation of blood pressure characteristic and people's car contact interface shape, material and automobile vibration parameter; The analysis of relevant body system frequency characteristic, transmission characteristic.The checking that also can experimentize of this result of the test to the simulation result of body biomechanics model, and correction corresponding calculated model and design rule, thereby dynamically take advantage of human engineering design and people's car INTERFACE DESIGN of the system of driving for automobile scientific basis is provided, improve the pleasant property of automotive interior spatial design, make taking advantage of of automobile drive system design and realize scientific, rationalization, hommization and optimization.
The present invention designs at dynamic excitation system, adjustable simulation is taken advantage of to drive on Environment Design and Human Physiology characteristic and the biomechanics Design of Test System has originality, the man-machine interface of dynamic environment of most of mechanical systems such as driver's cabin, naval vessel and aircraft cockpit such as this test platform can simulated automotive, tractor, tank armor car, locomotive, and can take advantage of the Human Physiology characteristic and the biomechanics characteristic experiment of driving position and measure what be correlated with in the man-machine interface of various dynamic environment.
Claims (10)
1. dynamically take advantage of and drive environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform for one kind, it is characterized in that this test platform mainly is made of dynamic excitation system, three-dimensional digital barbed chair system, three-dimensional adjustable the fly structure and Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro four parts taken advantage of;
Dynamic excitation system, comprise a substrate (6), substrate (6) is supported on the ground by supporting base (4), supporting base (4) is provided with support spring (5), substrate (6) below is symmetrically installed with two shock electric machines (1), be connected with Programmable Logic Controller (2) between two shock electric machines (1), Programmable Logic Controller (2) connects converter (3); Produce the synchronous backward vibration by Programmable Logic Controller (2) two shock electric machines of control (1), and the exciting force horizontal component of generation is cancelled out each other, with the vertical vibration that guarantees that test platform can produce dynamic environment; By regulating the angle of the inner axle head eccentric block of shock electric machine (1), to realize stepless conciliation exciting force; Go up configuration converter (3) at Programmable Logic Controller (2), in order to realize the stepless frequency modulation of vibrating motor;
Three-dimensional digital barbed chair system comprises the seat that is arranged on the substrate (6), and this seat is made of seat face (8), the chair back (10), Chair back cushion (13) and seat chair pad (15); Seat face (8) bottom is equipped with the seat angle demodulator (7) of seat face (8), and chair back angle demodulator (9) is equipped with in the junction of the chair back (10) and seat face (8), to realize the chair back (10) and seat face (8) angular adjustment between the two; Evenly be furnished with the block pressure transducer (37) of array micro on the present seat (8), also evenly be furnished with the block pressure transducer (37) of array micro on the chair back (10), the pressure distribution that is used to test each point; Expansion screw (12) is installed on miniature block pressure transducer (37), is used to generate the required three-dimensional profile of three-dimensional digital barbed chair;
The three-dimensional adjustable structure of flying of taking advantage of, comprise the three-dimensional adjustable stick (14) that is arranged on the substrate (6), be arranged on the three-dimensional adjustable steering wheel (16) on the substrate (6) and be arranged on adjustable pedal (17) on the substrate (6), take advantage of the adjustable function of driving the various positions operations of environmental test in order to realize difference; Wherein, three-dimensional adjustable stick (14) is used to realize the position adjustments of stick on X, Y, Z direction; The angular adjustment that three-dimensional adjustable steering wheel (16) is used to realize the position adjustments of steering wheel on X, Y, Z direction, rotate around Y direction and the adjusting of axial length; Three-dimensional adjustable pedal (17) is made up of braking brake pedal, clutch foot plate and accelerator pedal, is used to realize the position adjustments of each pedal on X, Y, Z direction and the angular adjustment of rotating around Y direction;
Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test macro comprise human body electromyographic signal measuring system (19), distributed body pressure measuring system (18), doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system (20), human blood-pressure measuring system (21), human body vibration response test system (22) and anacom (23); Wherein: human body electromyographic signal measuring system (19), doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system (20) links to each other with tested personnel's linked groups by surface electrode or probe with human blood-pressure measuring system (21), is used to measure and analyzes the different responses of driving each parameter under position and the vibration environment of taking advantage of; Human body vibration response test system (22) takes advantage of the vibration characteristics of driving body system under the environment by measuring the acceleration responsive of seat and human body different parts with research trends; Press distributed body measuring system (18) and seat face (8) and seat back (10) go up the array micro bulk pressure transducer of evenly arranging (37) and are connected, be used to reflect the voltage signal of each point pressure, miniature block pressure transducer is connected with the multiple signals amplifier by the holding wire of itself, the multiple signals amplifier then is connected with A/D converter by data wire, A/D converter is imported anacom (23) by data wire with the analytic signal that records, anacom is provided with Measurement and analysis software in (23), is used for pressing signal to store to body, analyzing and processing and demonstration.
2. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that described human body electromyographic signal measuring system (19) mainly is made up of surface electrode (24), myoelectric apparatus (25), microcomputer interface device and data analysis software; Surface electrode (24) is connected with myoelectric apparatus (25) by the holding wire of itself, myoelectric apparatus (25) is connected with data acquisition unit (26), the measured electromyographic signal of each surface electrode is imported myoelectric apparatus (25) into, be transferred to data acquisition unit (26) through myoelectric apparatus (25) again, data acquisition unit (26) is then realized being connected with anacom (23) by the microcomputer interface device, and then makes the electromyographic signal that collects in enterprising line data analysis of anacom (23) and processing.
3. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that, described doppler ultrasound blood flow speed measuring system mainly is made up of ultrasonic transmission device (27), probe (28) and ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver (30), after the testee takes a seat, probe (28) is fixed on human test's the tremulous pulse, ultrasonic transmission device (27) emission ultrasound wave, shine the hemocyte in the blood vessel and utilize Doppler effect by probe (28), the frequency of sound wave that hemocyte is received will change; Utilize hyperacoustic reflection characteristic then, the ultrasound wave that shines hemocyte will reflect, and receive reflection echo signal by ultrasonic receiving system (30), utilize Doppler effect just can record echo frequency once more; Poor with the frequency of sound wave that receives the incident ultrasonic frequency at last, promptly frequency shift signal is handled through A/D converter input anacom (23) through filtering, amplification again.
4. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that, described human blood-pressure measuring system (21) adopts is based on the oscillographic method electric sphygmomanometer, and it mainly obtains the human blood-pressure value by the pressure signal of measuring, decomposing and relatively inflate in the cuff; Comprise cuff (31), pressure transducer (32), automatic zero set circuit (33), preamplifier (34), low pass filter (35), pressure signal in the cuff (31) is the stack of cuff static pressure signal and pulse wave signal, after preamplifier (34) amplification and low pass filter (35) filtering, this pressure signal is divided into two-way: the one tunnel as pulse wave signal, and another road is as the cuff static pressure signal; Two kinds of signals are sent into single-chip microcomputer and are handled after the A/D conversion, reject and disturb, and detect the real pulse wave of human body; Determine mean pressure according to the amplitude variations of pulse wave in the gas replenishment process then, determine systolic pressure and diastolic pressure again, and then analyze and dynamically take advantage of the blood pressure response of driving human body under the environment.
5. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that, described human body vibration response test system (22) mainly is made up of accelerometer (40), charge amplifier (41), data recording equipment (42) and audiofrequency spectrometer (43), acceleration responsive by accelerometer (40) measuring seat seat and partes corporis humani position, then the gained signal is amplified back input spectrum instrument (43) through charge amplifier (41) and carry out spectrum analysis, with the vibratory response of researching human body and carry out the result and show.
6. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that, described distributed body presses measuring system (18) to comprise miniature block pressure transducer (37), miniature block pressure transducer (37) is connected with multiple signals amplifier (38) by the holding wire of itself, multiple signals amplifier (38) then is connected with A/D converter (39) by data wire, and A/D converter (39) is imported computer (23) by data wire with analytic signal.
7. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that, the block pressure transducer of the array micro on the described seat face (8) (37) is 12 * 12.
8. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that, it is 12 * 17 that the described chair back (10) is gone up the block pressure transducer of evenly arranging of array micro (37).
9. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that described chair back angle demodulator (9) can be realized any adjusting of angle between 90 ° to 180 ° between the chair back (10) and the seat face (8).
10. as claimed in claim 1 dynamically taking advantage of driven environment Human Physiology characteristic and biomechanics test platform, it is characterized in that described seat angle demodulator (7) can be realized the adjusting of seat face (8) level angle direction.
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