CN100514731C - Method of producing electrolyte membrane of tubular anode support type fuel cell - Google Patents
Method of producing electrolyte membrane of tubular anode support type fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN100514731C CN100514731C CNB2007100311049A CN200710031104A CN100514731C CN 100514731 C CN100514731 C CN 100514731C CN B2007100311049 A CNB2007100311049 A CN B2007100311049A CN 200710031104 A CN200710031104 A CN 200710031104A CN 100514731 C CN100514731 C CN 100514731C
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a electrolyte membrane preparation method which is used for tubular anode-supported fuel battery. The method is measured with mass portion. Make three portions of YSZ powder, 15 to 45 portions of alcohol, 03 to 1.3 portions of terpineol, 0.01 to 0.08 portions of ethyl cellulose and 0.05 to 0.2 portions of plant oil well-mixed; immerse anode-support tube into YSZ slurry; pull anode tube upward with uniform speed after three to five minutes and finally sintered the immersed anode tube/YSZ electrolyte membrane in high-temperature muffle furnace.The method can prepare dense YSZ electrolyte membrane on the outer surface of anode tube successfully, and also decreases the thickness of YSZ electrolyte and improves the output performance of single battery because of the use of anode-support structure. The method has simple process, low cost and can perform without special equipment, moreover, has no limit from the shape of the cathode.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of tubular anode support type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and battery pack, be specifically related to moulding, the deposition of dielectric film on anode support and the assembling of battery pack of tubular anode supporter.
Background technology:
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a kind of novel Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), and it is by anode, and electrolyte and negative electrode are formed.Anode and negative electrode are porous ceramic, are the places that electrochemical reaction takes place in the battery; Electrolyte is generally ceramic of compact, reduction reaction on negative electrode occurs in the dense electrolyte both sides respectively to fuel in oxidation reaction on the anode and oxidant, so just oxidation reaction and reduction reaction are kept apart from the space, cell reaction could produce net current; The oxonium ion or the proton that relate in the electrochemical reaction pass through electrolyte transport.
Application number is that 200510101487.3 Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of conical tube type positive electrode support solid oxide fuel cell monomer, as shown in Figure 1, comprise porous anode supporter, dense electrolyte film and porous cathode film, the dense electrolyte film is positioned at porous anode supporter outer, and the porous cathode film is positioned at dense electrolyte film outer; The porous anode supporter is that an end opening is big, the Taper Pipe shape that an end opening is little, and the outer rim of little openend is an arc; The dense electrolyte film covers porous anode supporter outer, comprises the arc outer rim of little openend; The dense electrolyte upper strata of cathode layer between the arc outer rim of the little openend of Taper Pipe and big openend end edge.This battery cell bulk is little, the battery power output big, making easily, is specially adapted to small-sized SOFC pile.The negative electrode of battery cell and the anode of another battery cell are connected in series by the mode of a Taper Pipe and another Taper Pipe socket easily, and sealing also is easier to realize.The dense electrolyte film adopts the preparation of slip spraying process by the zirconia of stabillzed with yttrium.Spraying process is adapted at preparing dielectric film on the planar anode supporter, for the anode support of Taper Pipe shape, because its outer surface is not the plane, adopts spraying process to be difficult to obtain the even and fine and close dielectric film of thickness; In addition, spraying process needs special equipment, and cost is than the method height of the present invention Patent exploitation.Obtaining the dense electrolyte film is one of key technology of preparation anode support type SOFC cell.Existing masking technique comprises chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD), electrochemical vapor deposition (ECVD), sputtering method (sputtering), pulsed laser deposition (PLD), The tape casting (tape casting), silk screen print method (screen printing) and spin-coating method (spin coating) or the like.CVD, ECVD, method costs such as sputtering and PLD are higher.Methods such as Tape casting, screen printing seem very difficult having much advantage aspect the flat SOFC of preparation but prepare electrolytic thin-membrane with these methods on the sheath supporter.At conical tube type positive electrode support type SOFC, this patent has been developed a kind of simple dense electrolyte film process fully effective and with low cost.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of preparation method of dielectric film of simple and direct Taper Pipe shape anode support type fuel cell efficient and with low cost is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Be used for the preparation method of the dielectric film of tubular anode support type fuel cell, comprise the steps:
(1) the YSZ slurry configuration that is used to flood:, 3 parts of YSZ powder, 15～45 parts of alcohol, 0.3～1.3 part of terpinol, 0.01～0.08 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.05～0.2 part of vegetable oil are mixed in mass fraction; The YSZ powder is the zirconia of 8mol% stabilized with yttrium oxide, and particle diameter is 0.05～0.3 micron;
(2) anode support tube dipping: anode support tube is immersed in the YSZ slurry of step (1), at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode support tube after 3～5 seconds, make it to break away from YSZ slurry liquid level, repeat aforesaid operations 3～10 times, to obtain the dielectric film of 10～50 micron thickness;
(3) sintering: the anode support tube/YSZ dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and temperature-rise period is 300～500 ℃/3h; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1400 ℃/4h; 1400 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1400～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
The present invention has following advantage with respect to prior art:
(1) developed infusion process and successfully prepared the compact YSZ dielectric film,, significantly reduced the electrolytical thickness of YSZ, improved the output characteristic of cell greatly owing to adopted anode support structure at the anode-supported tube outer surface.
(2) infusion process technology is simple, and is with low cost, do not need special equipment to carry out.
(3) thickness of dielectric film can be readily controlled by the dipping number of times.
(4) the portlet outer rim of cell can utilize this method to carry out insulation processing, is short-circuited when avoiding the cell series connection, and other film-forming method spraying rules are difficult for head it off.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a conical tube type positive electrode support solid oxide fuel cell series battery structural representation.1 is the porous anode supporter among the figure; The 2nd, the dense electrolyte film; The 3rd, the porous cathode film; The 4th, the portlet outer rim; The 5th, the large port outer rim; The 6th, connect and encapsulating material.
Fig. 2 a is the cross section stereoscan photograph of cell after electro-chemical test that the present invention prepares;
Fig. 2 b is the stereoscan photograph on the YSZ dielectric film surface of immersion process for preparing.
Fig. 3 is the discharge curve and the power density curve of the cell for preparing of the present invention.Test is fuel with the wet hydrogen, and airborne oxygen is oxidant.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to the scope that embodiment represents.
As shown in Figure 1, conical tube type positive electrode support solid oxide fuel cell monomer comprises porous anode supporter 1, dense electrolyte film 2 and porous cathode film 3, dense electrolyte film 2 is positioned at porous anode supporter 1 outer, and porous cathode film 3 is positioned at dense electrolyte film 2 outers; Porous anode supporter 1 is that an end opening is big, the Taper Pipe shape that an end opening is little, and the outer rim of little openend is an arc, promptly the portlet outer rim 4; Dense electrolyte film 2 covers porous anode supporter 1 outer, comprises the arc outer rim of little openend; Dense electrolyte 2 upper stratas of porous cathode film 3 between little openend outer rim 4 of Taper Pipe and big openend end edge 5.Cell is composed in series battery pack.The small end of first segment cell is a closed form, and second and third joint and even the later more small end of more piece cell are open state, guarantee that like this gas circuit of whole series battery is unimpeded, as shown in Figure 1.The small end of the second joint cell is inserted in the big end of first segment cell, and the junction is with silver conductive adhesive or the sealing of chromic lanthanum ceramics seal, sealing materials.Silver conductive adhesive or chromic acid lanthanum have following function: one, each cell is together in series, and work the effect of being connected and fixed; Its two, the cell junction is sealed, guarantee the air-tightness of series battery; The 3rd, between each cell of series battery, set up electrical connection.
When adopting the gypsum mould grouting method of forming to prepare porous anode supporter 1.The first step at first prepares plaster mold, and detailed process is: 150 ℃ of parch 5 hours, be cooled to after the room temperature stand-by the anhydrous gypsum powder; The gypsum powder that parch is good with etc. the water of quality mix, stir, obtain gypsum slurry; Pour calcium plaster in the cylindrical metal mould (its bottom center has a dismountable cone-shaped metal projection) fast, gypsum solidifies after 30 minutes, sloughs off the plaster mold that metal die just obtains being used for the injection forming anode support tube;
Second step, anode slurry to be injected plaster mold obtain anode support, detailed process is:
(1) will wait the NiO of quality and YSZ powder evenly to obtain anode powder after the mixing; To add 85wt% water in the anode powder, planetary type ball-milling obtains anode slip casting slurry about 15 minutes, and the content of anode powder is 15wt% in the slurry; Add the gum arabic of 0.1wt% in the anode slurry as dispersant; NiO and YSZ powder are added the water for ball milling mixing, and two kinds of pressed powders are dispersed in mechanical milling process in the water, have added gum arabic simultaneously, are convenient to form the anode slip casting slurry of stable uniform.
(2) use dropper that the anode slurry for preparing in (1) is injected the plaster mold cavity, water is absorbed by plaster mold in the slurry, forms an anode layer simultaneously in the plaster mold cavity; After treating that anode tube in the plaster mold is dry and separate, with anode tube taking-up and 800 ℃ of pre-burnings 3 hours in muffle furnace with the gypsum die body.So far, the anode support tube preparation is finished.
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface dielectric film:
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface dielectric film adopts infusion process to carry out, and detailed process is: (1) mixes 3g YSZ powder, 15g alcohol, 0.3g terpinol, 0.01g ethyl cellulose and 0.05g vegetable oil, obtains the YSZ slurry that is used to flood.Wherein, alcohol is solvent, and terpinol is a plasticizer, and ethyl cellulose is a binding agent, and vegetable oil is a dispersant; (2) anode support tube is immersed in the YSZ slurry, at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode tube after 3 seconds, make it to break away from YSZ slurry liquid level, so move in circles 5 times, to obtain 25 microns dielectric film thickness; (3) anode tube/YSZ dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and concrete sintering schedule is: 300～500 ℃/3h of temperature-rise period; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1400 ℃/4h; 1400 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1400～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
The small end of second and third pitch cone tubulose cell shown in Figure 1 is the opening shape, its preparation process is: the small end of the anode tube/YSZ dielectric film after will flooding before the sintering is polished with fine sandpaper, make it opening-like, this moment, the portlet outer rim of anode tube/YSZ dielectric film was exposed anode body material, i.e. NiO-YSZ.So be easy to occur the portlet outer rim of a joint monomer and the phenomenon that the last one large port outer rim that saves monomer is short-circuited after the series connection of the cell of structure.For avoiding short circuit to take place, anode tube/YSZ the dielectric film of the present invention after will polishing floods once more that (small end down during dipping, the degree of depth that anode tube immerses the YSZ slurry is as the criterion to flood buffed surface, can not immerse dark, so can cause YSZ slurry and anode tube inner surface to come in contact, influence the effective area of anode after the sintering), the anode body material that the portlet outer rim is exposed with the YSZ slurry coats fully.
Because the design feature (its surface is non-planar) of Taper Pipe shape anode, cause methods such as existing The tape casting and silk screen print method can not be used for preparing dielectric film, infusion process is not subjected to the restriction of anode-supported shape, can be successfully at Taper Pipe shape anode support surface preparation dielectric film; In addition, the portlet outer rim of cell also can adopt this method to carry out insulation processing.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface dielectric film:
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface dielectric film adopts infusion process to carry out, detailed process is: (1) mixes 3g YSZ powder, 30g alcohol, 0.8g terpinol, 0.045g ethyl cellulose and 0.125g vegetable oil, obtains the YSZ slurry that is used to flood.Wherein, alcohol is solvent, and terpinol is a plasticizer, and ethyl cellulose is a binding agent, and vegetable oil is a dispersant; (2) anode support tube is immersed in the YSZ slurry, at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode tube after 5 seconds, make it to break away from YSZ slurry liquid level, so move in circles if 3 times; (3) anode tube/YSZ dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and concrete sintering schedule is: 300～500 ℃/3h of temperature-rise period; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1400 ℃/4h; 1400 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1400～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface dielectric film:
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface dielectric film adopts infusion process to carry out, and detailed process is: (1) mixes 3gYSZ powder, 45g alcohol, 1.3g terpinol, 0.08g ethyl cellulose and 0.2g vegetable oil, obtains the YSZ slurry that is used to flood.Wherein, alcohol is solvent, and terpinol is a plasticizer, and ethyl cellulose is a binding agent, and vegetable oil is a dispersant; (2) anode support tube is immersed in the YSZ slurry, at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode tube after 5 seconds, make it to break away from YSZ slurry liquid level, so move in circles if 5 times; (3) anode tube/YSZ dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and concrete sintering schedule is: 300～500 ℃/3h of temperature-rise period; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1400 ℃/4h; 1400 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1400～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface cerium oxide electrolyte film:
The preparation of anode-supported tube outer surface cerium oxide electrolyte film adopts infusion process to carry out, detailed process is: (1) is with 3g doped cerium oxide powder (SDC, GDC or YDC), 30g alcohol, 0.8g terpinol, 0.045g ethyl cellulose and 0.125g vegetable oil mix, and obtains the electrolyte slurry that is used to flood.Wherein, alcohol is solvent, and terpinol is a plasticizer, and ethyl cellulose is a binding agent, and vegetable oil is a dispersant; (2) anode support tube is immersed in the electrolyte slurry, at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode tube after 3 seconds, make it to break away from the electrolyte slurry liquid level, so move in circles 4 times; (3) anode tube/dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and concrete sintering schedule is: 300～500 ℃/3h of temperature-rise period; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1400 ℃/4h; 1400 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1400～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
Embodiment 6
Anode-supported tube outer surface (La, Sr) (Ga, Mg) O
3The preparation of dielectric film:
Anode-supported tube outer surface (La, Sr) (Ga, Mg) O
3The preparation of dielectric film adopts infusion process to carry out, and detailed process is: (1) is with 3g (La, Sr) (Ga, Mg) O
3Powder, 30g alcohol, 0.8g terpinol, 0.045g ethyl cellulose and 0.125g vegetable oil mix, and obtain the electrolyte slurry that is used to flood.Wherein, alcohol is solvent, and terpinol is a plasticizer, and ethyl cellulose is a binding agent, and vegetable oil is a dispersant; (2) anode support tube is immersed in the electrolyte slurry, at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode tube after 3 seconds, make it to break away from the electrolyte slurry liquid level, so move in circles 5 times; (3) anode tube/dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and concrete sintering schedule is: 300～500 ℃/3h of temperature-rise period; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1450 ℃/4h; 1450 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1450～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
Embodiment 7
The preparation of negative electrode:
The preparation of negative electrode adopts spread coating to carry out, and selects La for use
0.7Sr
0.3MnO
3(60wt%)-YSZ (40wt%) is a composite cathode material.The little end opening of cathode layer edge and anode is all reserved suitable distance with big end opening, is short-circuited when preventing to carry out the cell series connection.At last sample was promptly got cell in 2 hours at 1200 ℃ of sintering.
Performance test
The Taper Pipe shape anode supporting type solid oxide fuel cell that adopts the present embodiment preparation is carried out battery structure and electrochemical property test experiment, and its result is as follows:
Fig. 2 a is the interface microstructure test result of battery, and the dielectric film thickness of the YSZ of a dipping preparation is little 20 microns as can be seen, is compact texture, and dielectric film is good with contacting of porous anode and negative electrode; Fig. 2 b is the surperficial micro mechanism test result of the YSZ dielectric film of immersion process for preparing, and visible YSZ film is made up of crystal grain in irregular shape, and grain size does not wait from 1 micron to 5 microns, and crystal grain and intergranule sintering are good, crackle do not occur.
The output performance of battery adopts four electrode method to measure, and filamentary silver is respectively as electric current and voltage lead.This test is a fuel with the hydrogen of saturated vapor under the room temperature, the output performance of battery is tested as oxidant with free-pouring air.As can be seen from Figure 3, this battery maximum power density in the time of 850 ℃ has reached 1.15W/cm
2When the work of the middle warm area below 800 ℃, the power output of battery is still considerable, and for example, power density is respectively 0.47W/cm when 750 ℃ and 700 ℃
2And 0.26W/cm
2Above test result shows that employing the inventive method has successfully prepared small-sized tubular type anode supporting type solid oxide fuel cell, and it can and can obtain desirable output characteristic in the middle warm area operation below 800 ℃.The preparation of dense electrolyte film is the key technology among the anode supporting type solid oxide fuel cell preparation technology, only prepares fine and close flawless dielectric film, could guarantee the open circuit voltage of battery, thereby guarantees that battery has good power output.As can be seen from Figure 3, the open circuit voltage of battery is about 1.1V, suitable with the theoretical open circuit voltage under the same terms, this explanation adopts the YSZ dielectric film air-tightness of immersion process for preparing of the present invention to meet the application requirements of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell fully, thereby has guaranteed that battery has good output characteristics.
Claims (4)
1, the preparation method who is used for the dielectric film of tubular anode support type fuel cell is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) the YSZ slurry configuration that is used to flood:, 3 parts of YSZ powder, 15～45 parts of alcohol, 0.3～1.3 part of terpinol, 0.01～0.08 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.05～0.2 part of vegetable oil are mixed in mass fraction; The YSZ powder is the zirconia of 8mol% stabilized with yttrium oxide, and particle diameter is 0.05～0.3 micron;
(2) anode support tube dipping: anode support tube is immersed in the YSZ slurry of step (1), at the uniform velocity upwards lift anode support tube after 3～5 seconds, make it to break away from YSZ slurry liquid level, repeat aforesaid operations 3～10 times, to obtain the dielectric film of 10～50 micron thickness;
(3) sintering: the anode support tube/YSZ dielectric film after will flooding is put into the high temperature muffle furnace and is carried out sintering, and temperature-rise period is 300～500 ℃/3h; 500～900 ℃/4h; 900～1400 ℃/4h; 1400 ℃ of insulation 4h; 1400～900 ℃/4h of temperature-fall period; 900～500 ℃/3h; Naturally cool to room temperature with furnace temperature below 500 ℃.
2, the preparation method who is used for the dielectric film of tubular anode support type fuel cell according to claim 1, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that described YSZ powder is 0.08～0.2 micron.
3, the preparation method who is used for the dielectric film of tubular anode support type fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described repetition aforesaid operations in the step (2) is 6～8 times.
4, the preparation method who is used for the dielectric film of tubular anode support type fuel cell according to claim 1, the dipping that it is characterized in that described anode support tube comprises the dipping of the little open end edge of Taper Pipe shape anode support tube, is short-circuited when preventing the monocell serial connection.
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| CNB2007100311049A CN100514731C (en) | 2007-10-26 | 2007-10-26 | Method of producing electrolyte membrane of tubular anode support type fuel cell |
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| CNB2007100311049A CN100514731C (en) | 2007-10-26 | 2007-10-26 | Method of producing electrolyte membrane of tubular anode support type fuel cell |
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| CN100514731C true CN100514731C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106207221B (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2018-10-26 | 山西大学 | A method of preparing tubular solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN107221688B (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2019-06-11 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of frost curtain coating preparation solid oxide fuel cell metal support technique |
| CN108682884B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-05-25 | 山东理工大学 | Oxygen ion type composite electrolyte of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6475657B1 (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2002-11-05 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Ceramic membrane which is in an oxide ion conductor based on yttrium-stabilized zirconia |
| CN1641919A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2005-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing anode-support type yttrium oxide stable zirconium oxide electrolyte membrane |
| CN1700494A (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2005-11-23 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Method for dip moulding pipe type solid oxide fuel battery |
| CN1805200A (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2006-07-19 | 华南理工大学 | Conical tube type positive electrode support solid oxide fuel cell monomer and battery set |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6475657B1 (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2002-11-05 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Ceramic membrane which is in an oxide ion conductor based on yttrium-stabilized zirconia |
| CN1641919A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2005-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing anode-support type yttrium oxide stable zirconium oxide electrolyte membrane |
| CN1700494A (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2005-11-23 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Method for dip moulding pipe type solid oxide fuel battery |
| CN1805200A (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2006-07-19 | 华南理工大学 | Conical tube type positive electrode support solid oxide fuel cell monomer and battery set |
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